FR2877932A1 - ELEVATOR SYSTEM HAVING A COUNTERWEIGHT MOTORIZATION UNIT - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an elevator system of the type comprising a car (20) provided to circulate vertically in a shaft (10) so as to serve a plurality of landings (111 to 11n) under the action of a motor unit. (40), a counterweight (30) connected to said cabin (20) via pulleys and by a connecting member (50), said counterweight (30) carrying a member to be monitored (40). It is characterized in that said connecting member (50) is arranged so as to form at least one reeving of said counterweight (30) and so that the displacement of said counterweight (30) in the sheath (10) is less than that of the cabin (20) and in that the connecting member (50) has a total length such that when the cabin (20) is located at a predetermined location of access to the interior of the sheath (10), the member to be monitored ( 40) carried by the counterweight (30) is accessible from the cabin (20), but also such that the cabin (20) and the counterweight (30) can be move freely inside the sheath (10).

Description

The present invention relates to an elevator system provided with a unit

  motorization on counterweight and planned to facilitate its maintenance.

  Diagrammatically shown in FIG. 1, a lift system of the state of the art with the drive unit mounted on the counterweight, thus incorporating the concepts which are set forth in US-A-3,101,130. 10 in which can move vertically an elevator car 20 in order to serve bearings 11] to 11 n (here n = 5). It also comprises a counterweight 30 on which is mounted a motorization unit 40. A connecting member 50, such as a cable, a cable ply, or a belt, is fixed to a fixed point 51 of the sheath 10. passes into the drive pulley 41 of the drive unit 40 by forming two strands 52 and 53, passes over a return pulley 61 whose yoke is secured to the sheath 10 in its upper part, then passes on a pulley 21 reference whose clevis is secured to the cabin 20 before being fixed again on another fixed point 54 integral with the sheath 10 in its upper part. The pulley 21 forms two strands 55 and 56.

  The drive pulley 41 and the two strands 52 and 53 together form what is known in the art as a mitt or haul system. The drive pulley 41 being mounted on the counterweight 30, it will also be said that the counterweight 30 is bent. It is the same with the return pulley 21 and the strands 55 and 56. The return pulley 21 being mounted on the cabin 20, it will be said that the cabin 20 is immersed. In such a system of mittens, the length of unwound or rolled cable is double the corresponding displacement of its pulley. It can be seen that the cab 20 and the counterweight 30 move of identical lengths and therefore at the same speed.

  There are also systems of muffles with several pulleys mounted on the same yoke and several pulleys forming between them what is called a hoist. In such muffle systems, the ratio of the uncoiled length to the displacement is equal to the number of pulleys mounted on the yoke.

  In the elevator system shown in FIG. 1, to have an equilibrium, the mass of the counterweight 30 must be substantially equal to the mass of the car 20 plus a predetermined load corresponding to half of the nominal load of the car 20. Moreover, when the car 20 is at the top 10, for example at the last bearing Il n, the counterweight 30 must be in the bottom of the sheath, as shown in FIG. 1 in the dotted situation. Conversely, when the cabin 20 is at the first bearing 11 i, the counterweight 30 must be at the head of linen sheath, as shown in fine lines.

  The maintenance or eventual repair of the motorization unit 40 is for example carried out at the bottom of the pit, but at this point the cabin 20 is at the last landing (situation shown in dotted lines). Conversely, they can be made at the head of the duct, where the electrical control cabinets 70 of the elevator system are generally located, in particular the cabinet for supplying the supply current of said system. But at that moment, the cabin is at the first landing (situation represented in fine lines). It is therefore difficult, if not impossible, to carry out the maintenance or the repair of the elevator system of the state of the art by having simultaneous access to the booth 20 and to the drive unit 40 which is mounted on the counterweight and , a fortiori, the or electrical control cabinets 70. Note that the cabin 20 is carrying many devices necessary for its proper operation and require maintenance as the unit of motorization 40, and in association therewith. For example, the cabin can carry the control cabinet of the elevator system.

  To have access to both simultaneously, it is necessary that it be next to each other. This happens when they cross each other during their respective moves, but there they are neither easily accessible from outside the sheath l0.

  Elevator systems are also known in which only a part of the motorization unit is to be monitored (in a systematic and relatively frequent manner), the other part being mounted in the duct and not requiring as frequent maintenance as the first part. For example, the drive unit is a cylinder and its control unit.

  In the following description, the part of the drive unit that is to be monitored is called the body to be monitored.

  It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to a body to be monitored which is the motor unit itself or only a part of the motor unit. It includes any type of monitoring device that requires monitoring, and therefore relatively frequent maintenance.

  The object of the present invention is to solve the problem mentioned above of the simultaneous access to a set of organs of the elevator system and therefore proposes an elevator system whose general architecture is such that the organ to be monitored which is mounted on the counterweight, for example the drive unit of the elevator system can be the subject of maintenance operations or possible repairs from the cabin while having direct access to the control members therein .

  To do this, an elevator system according to the invention is of the type which comprises a cabin designed to circulate vertically in a duct so as to serve a plurality of bearings, a counterweight connected to said cabin via pulleys and by a control member. binding, said counterweight carrying a body to monitor.

  According to a feature of the present invention, said connecting member is arranged so that the displacement of said counterweight in the sheath is less than that of the cab and in that the connecting member has a total length such that, when the cabin is at a predetermined place of access inside the sheath, the body to be monitored carried by the counterweight is accessible from the cabin, but also that the cabin and the counterweight can move freely to the inside the sheath.

  According to one embodiment of the present invention, said predetermined access point is a landing or a bridge provided between two bearings.

  According to another characteristic of the present invention, the electrical control and control cabinet or cabinets of said elevator system are accessible from the elevator car when it is at said predetermined location.

  According to an advantageous characteristic of the present invention, said cabin comprises a retractable hatch allowing the access of the body to be monitored carried by the counterweight from inside said cabin.

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, said member to be monitored is the motorization unit of the elevator.

  According to one embodiment, said connecting member is then fixed to a fixed point in the upper part of the sheath, passes into the drive pulley of the drive unit, passes back into at least one integral pulley of the sheath in its upper part and is fixed at a fixed point of the cabin.

  According to an alternative embodiment, said motorization unit is a winch and the connecting member passes through a return pulley whose clevis is secured to the sheath in its upper part, passes into a pulley whose clevis is secured to the counterweight, again passes into at least one pulley secured to the sheath in its upper part and is fixed at a fixed point of the cabin.

  According to an advantageous characteristic of the present invention, the counterweight and the cabin are mouftés so that the ratio of displacement of the cabin to displacement of the counterweight is greater than 1.

  According to another embodiment of the present invention, the elevator system is of the type where the drive unit of said elevator system is a jack. In this case, said member to be monitored is the control unit of said cylinder, said control unit being mounted on said counterweight.

  According to an advantageous embodiment, said jack is then mounted so that its barrel has one end which is integral with the counterweight and that the free end 10 of its rod 92 is integral with a stop in the lower part of the sheath.

  According to one embodiment, the counterweight also carries an idler pulley, said connecting member being fixed to a fixed point in the upper part of the sheath, passing through the idle pulley carried by said counterweight, passing back into at least one pulley of integral return of the sheath in its upper part and being fixed at a fixed point of the cabin.

  According to another embodiment, said counterweight also carries an idler pulley, said connecting member being fixed to a fixed point in the lower part of the sheath, passing through the idle pulley carried by said counterweight and being fixed at a fixed point of the cabin.

  The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will emerge more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, said description being given in relation to the attached drawings, among which: FIG. . 1 is a diagram of an elevator system according to the prior art, FIGS. 2a to 2c are diagrams of an elevator system according to a first embodiment of the invention, the cab 20 and the counterweight 30 being at the same height in FIG. 2a, the cabin 20 being at the first bearing in FIG. 2b and at the last landing in FIG. 2c, Figs. 3a and 3b are diagrams of two elevator systems which do not work, FIG. 4 is a diagram of an elevator system according to another embodiment of the invention, the place where the counterweight 30 is at the same height as the cabin 20 being at a bridge 12 between two bearings, Fig. 5 is a diagram of an elevator system according to another embodiment of the invention wherein the motor unit 40 is a winch, FIG. 6 is a diagram of an elevator system according to another embodiment of the invention.

  Fig. 7 is a diagram of an elevator system according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a diagram of an elevator system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

  The elevator system shown in FIG. 2a essentially comprises the same elements as those of the elevator system shown in FIG. 1. These same elements therefore bear the same references. Thus, the elevator shaft 10 in which a cabin 20 can be vertically circulated in order to serve bearings 111 to 115 formed along the sheath 10. The cabin 20 is connected by a connecting member 50 and via pulleys to a counterweight 30, which is equipped with a motorization unit 40 designed to drive the cab 20.

  It will be understood that in this exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the body to be monitored merges with the motorization unit 40. An embodiment will be given later where this is not the case.

  Consider again Fig. 2a. One of the essential differences with the elevator system of FIG. 1 lies in the arrangement of the connecting member 50. As can be seen in FIG. 2a, it is fixed at a fixed point 51 of the sheath 10, passes into the drive pulley 41 of the drive unit 40, passes again in a return pulley 61, but unlike the system of FIG. 1, is then attached to the cabin 20 at a fixed point 22 thereof. The connecting member 50 has strands 52 and 53 which form, with the drive pulley 41, a hauling. The pulley 41 being mounted on the counterweight 30, it will also be said that the counterweight 30 is bent. Unlike the system of FIG. 1, the cabin 20 does not include a system of mittens or hauling, so that the displacement of the counterweight 30 is lower, in this case by half, than that of the cabin 20.

  Note that if the counterweight muffle system 30 was multiple k pulleys, the counterweight 30 would have a displacement k times less than the cabin 20. But, for a balance of masses of one and the other, its mass should be k times greater than the mass of the cabin 20 to which is added a predetermined mass corresponding to half the nominal load of the cabin 20.

  For the movement of the counterweight 30 is lower than that of the cabin 20, it is also possible to muffle the counterweight 30 and the cabin 20 differently. An example is given at the end of the description in relation to FIG. 6.

  The particular arrangement of the connecting member 50 described above, which ensures that the displacement of the counterweight 30 has a smaller amplitude than that of the cabin 20, partly solves the problem related to maintenance operations mentioned above. above.

  The second means used by the invention is an adjustment of the length of the connecting member 50 so that, when the cabin 20 is at a predetermined access point of the sheath 10, the body which is mounted on the counterweight 30 and which is to be monitored, in this case, in the case of FIG. 2, the motorization unit 40, is accessible from the cabin 20, in particular, as is the case in FIG. 2, from inside the cabin 20, for example via a retractable access hatch 23. In FIG. 2, to do this, the counterweight 30 is substantially at the same height as the cabin 20.

  By predetermined access place is meant an access place previously determined by the designer of the elevator system, an access location which further allows access to the interior of the sheath 10. When the cabin 20 and the counterweight 30 are located at this access point, it is possible to carry out the maintenance of the elevator system by having access to the motorization unit 40, to the counterweight 30 and to all the devices which are linked to the cabin 20.

  A retractable access hatch is called a hatch which, in normal operation of the elevator system (out of maintenance), does not allow and even conceals access to the sheath 10 from the cabin 20 and which, during maintenance operations, on the contrary, allows access to the sheath 10 and therefore the body to be monitored 40 mounted on the counterweight 30. Any suitable system for such a function is possible.

  Note that in this position, mechanical means (not shown) may be provided to lock the movement of the cab 20 and the counterweight 30 and thus obtain a secure position.

  In FIG. 2a, the predetermined access location in question is one of the intermediate bearings, in this case the landing 113.

  To further facilitate maintenance or repair of the elevator system, it may be advantageous to mount the control and control cabinet (s) 70 at the predetermined access point (on the bearing 113 in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. Fig. 4).

  It will also be noted that a control and control cabinet can also be mounted inside the cabin 20.

  We can see in Fig. 2b which represents the elevator system of FIG. 2a with the same length of the connecting member 50, that when the cabin 20 is at the lowest level 111, the counterweight 30 is not at the top of the sheath 10. Similarly, it can be seen in FIG. 2c that when the cabin 20 is at the highest landing 115, the counterweight 30 is not at the bottom of the sheath 10. This essentially results from the fact that the displacement of the counterweight 30 is n times lower (here two times smaller) than that of the cabin 20.

  To mount the lift, proceed as follows. There is provided a stop 90 (only shown in Fig. 2c for reasons of legibility of the other Figs.) Against which the counterweight is based to be in its lowest position. At this moment, the cabin 20 is put in position at the height of the last landing. The connecting member is then put in place so that it is tensioned. The elevator is ready to operate. If one proceeds in this way, it is found that the invention requires to position this stop 90 to a predetermined height. It is reported that with the lifts of the state of the art, this stop was always positioned at the bottom of the elevator shaft.

  It should be understood that the predetermined access point where the member mounted on the counterweight 30 which is to be monitored, in this case, the drive unit 40, is accessible from the cab 20 can not be any. It is indeed necessary that the cab 20 and the counterweight 30 can move freely, that is to say without encountering obstacles, inside the sheath 10. To highlight this aspect, it is shown in Figs. 3a and 3b, two embodiments with the same sheath 10 as previously for which this is not the case. Indeed, in FIG. 3a, the predetermined access location is at the second bearing 112. It can be seen that if the cabin 20 rises by three bearings, the counterweight 30 can not descend one and a half bearing. Symmetrically in FIG. 3b, the predetermined access location is at the penultimate step 114. It can be seen that if the cabin 20 descends three levels, the counterweight 30 can not go up one and a half.

  A simple case can be put in equation.

  Call N the total number of bearings to be serviced and r the rank of the landing where the cabin 20 and the counterweight 30 are at the same level, thus allowing access to the body to be monitored mounted on the counterweight to be accessible from the cabin 20. The hauling ratio is called p. Let's start from the situation where the cabin 20 and the counterweight 30 are at the same level. If the cabin 20 goes down from the landing row r at the first landing, it will have traveled r-1 levels. The counterweight 30, because of hauling will go up to him (r-1) / p bearings. This number (r-1) / p of steps must be less than or equal to the number (N-r). Consequently, one can write: (r-1) / p N- r) let r (Np + 1) / (P + 1) Similarly, if the cabin climbs from the landing of row r to the last landing, it will have traveled (Nr) bearings and the counterweight 30, due to hauling, will go down (N-r) / p bearings. This number (N-r) / p of steps must be less than or equal to the number r-1. Consequently, we can write: (Nr) / p r- 1) let r> (N + p) / (p + 1) Finally, we can write: (N + p) / (p + 1) r < (Np + 1) / (p + 1) For example, with p = 2 (the case of a single hauling of the counterweight 30), this expression becomes: (N + 2) / 3 <r 2N + 1/3 Si N = 5, as is the case with the examples illustrated here, it can be seen that this expression becomes: 7/3 <_ r 11/3 2,33 5 r <_ 3,66 Note that the value of r is expressed in number of steps. If we want the access place to be placed at a landing, we can see that only the value r = 3 is possible.

  Note that if the value of p were 3 (see the embodiment described below in relation to Fig. 5), the following values would be obtained: 2 <_r <_4 It can be seen that three out of five stages could act as a predetermined access point within the meaning of the invention.

  Other examples can be given. If the number N of bearings is 10, the ranks of the bearings where cab 20 and counterweight 30 which can be simultaneously are 4, 5, 6 and 7 as well with a simple haul (p = 2) as with a haul to ratio of three (p = 3) and 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 for double haul (p = 4).

  It should be noted that in order to write the relations given above, it has been hypothesized that the counterweight 30 could neither rise above the last landing nor descend below the first landing which is therefore located on the floor. -chaussée.

  In FIG. 4, there is shown another embodiment according to which the predetermined access point is a gateway 12 arranged for the access effect for maintenance in the elevator shaft 10 at a level between two levels, between the bearing 113 and the bearing 114. At the gateway 12 is mounted the electrical control cabinet 70. In this FIG. 4, dashed and in fine lines, are shown the respective positions of the cab 20 and the counterweight 30 when the cabin 20 is respectively at the last and the first bearings. The bridge 12 is provided so that it is possible to access the interior of the cabin 20 and, from this interior, the organ to be monitored 40 mounted on the counterweight 30.

  In FIG. 5, there is shown another embodiment where the drive unit 40 is actually a winch also mounted on the counterweight 30 and the pulley 41 is an idler pulley which is not driven by the drive unit 40 In this embodiment, the connecting member 50 passes into a pulley 80 whose yoke is secured to the sheath 10 in its upper part, then passes into the idler pulley 41, then rejoins the pulley 61 before reaching attach to the cabin 20. It can be seen that three strands 57, 52 and 53 have an end secured to the counterweight 30. As a result, the ratio p of the displacement of the cab 20 to the displacement of the counterweight 30 is here 3.

  It should be noted that different values of p can be obtained by constituting appropriate hauls both on the counterweight 30 and on the booth 20. For example, a ratio of three haul on the counterweight and a simple haul on the booth would give a value of p of the displacement of the counterweight 30 to the displacement of the cabin 20 of 3/2. A double haul on the counterweight 30 and a three-ratio haul on the booth 20 would give a value of 4/3.

  Such an arrangement of the connecting member 50 in FIG. 6. It can be seen that in this embodiment, the connecting member 50 is fixed on a fixed point 51 in the upper part of the sheath 10, passes in a idler pulley 100 whose clevis is secured to the counterweight 30, ironing in a return pulley 80 whose clevis is secured to the sheath 10 in its upper part, then passes into the drive pulley 41 of the drive unit 40, then rejoins the pulley 61 in which it passes, passes in a idler pulley 110 whose yoke is secured to the cabin 20, passes in a return pulley 120 whose yoke is integral with the sheath 10 in its upper part and then is fixed to the cabin 20 at a fixed point 22.

  In FIG. 7, there is shown another embodiment where the drive unit 40 is in fact a cylinder 90 whose barrel 91 has one end which is integral with the counterweight 30 and whose free end of the rod 92 is integral with a stop 12 at the bottom of the sheath 10. The oil supply of the jack 90 is provided by a hydraulic unit 93 which is mounted on the counterweight 30. As regards the connecting member 50, it is fixed to a fixed point 51 in the upper part of the sheath 10 passes into an idler pulley 41 mounted on a yoke 32 integral with the counterweight 30, passes through a pulley 61 in the upper part of the sheath 10 and is fixed on the cabin 20 In this embodiment also, the length of the connecting member 50 is such that when the cabin 20 is at a predetermined access location, here the bearing 113, the body to monitor the drive unit 40, in this case, the control unit 93 of the cylinder 90, for example the hydraulic power station, is accessible from the cabin 20, especially as is the case in the drawing, from inside the cabin 20, via a hatch in the bottom thereof.

  In FIG. 8, there is shown another embodiment of the present invention where the drive unit 40 is also a cylinder 90 whose barrel 91 has one end which is integral with the counterweight 30 and whose free end of the rod 92 is integral with a stop 12 of the sheath 10. The control of the cylinder 90 is provided by a control unit 93, for example a hydraulic unit, which is mounted on the counterweight 30. With regard to the connecting member 50 it is fixed at a fixed point 51 'in the lower part of the sheath 10, passes into an idler pulley 41 mounted on a yoke 32 integral with the counterweight 30, and is fixed to the cabin 20, for example in the part bass of it. The length of the connecting member 50 is such that when the cabin 20 is at a predetermined access point, here the last bearing 115, the body to be monitored of the drive unit 40, in this case, the hydraulic unit 93, is accessible from the cabin 20, particularly as is the case in the drawing, from inside the cabin 20 via a trap in the bottom thereof.

  In the examples of hauling the counterweight 30 and the cabin 20, and to respect the principle of the present invention, the hauling of the counterweight is always higher than that of the cabin so that it has a length of displacement less than the traveling length of the cabin 20.

Claims (13)

  1) A lift system of the type having a cabin (20) arranged to flow vertically in a sheath (10) so as to serve a plurality of bearings (11 i to 11), a counterweight (30) connected to said booth (20). ) via pulleys and by a connecting member (50), said counterweight (30) carrying a member to be monitored (40), characterized in that said connecting member (50) is arranged so that the displacement of said counterweight (30) in the sheath (10) is smaller than that of the booth (20) and in that the connecting member (50) has a total length such that when the booth (20) is at a predetermined location d access inside the sheath (10), the member to be monitored (40) carried by the counterweight (30) is accessible from the cabin (20), but also that the cabin (20) and the counterweight ( 30) can move freely inside the sheath (10).   2) elevator system according to claim 1, characterized in that said predetermined access location is a bearing (11).   3) elevator system according to claim 1, characterized in that said predetermined access location is a bridge (12) provided between two bearings.   4) Elevator system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the or control cabinets and electrical control (70) of said elevator system are accessible from the elevator car (20) when it is finds at said predetermined location.   5) Elevator system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said cabin (20) comprises a retractable door (23) allowing access to the body to be monitored (40) carried by the counterweight (30) since the interior of said cabin (20).   6) Elevator system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said member to be monitored (40) is the motorization unit of the elevator.   7) Elevator system according to claim 6, characterized in that said connecting member (50) is fixed to a fixed point (51) in the upper part of the sheath (10), passes into the drive pulley (41). ) of the motorization unit (40), passes back into at least one return pulley (61) secured to the sheath (10) in its upper part and is fixed at a fixed point (22) of the cabin (20). ).   8) Elevator system according to claim 6, characterized in that said motor unit (40) is a winch and in that the connecting member (50) passes through a pulley (80) whose yoke is secured to the sheath (10) in its upper part, passes into a pulley (41) whose clevis is integral with the counterweight (30), passes again in at least one return pulley (61) integral with the sheath (10) in its upper part and is fixed at a fixed point (22) of the cabin (20).   9) Elevator system according to claim 6, characterized in that the counterweight (30) and the cab (20) are bent so that the ratio of the displacement of the cab (20) to the displacement of the counterweight (30) is greater than 1.   10) Elevator system of the type where the motorization unit (40) of said elevator system is a cylinder (90), further elevator system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said member monitoring the control unit (93) of said cylinder (90), said control unit (93) being mounted on said counterweight (30).   11) elevator system according to claim 10, characterized in that said cylinder (90) is mounted so that its shaft (91) has an end which is integral with the counterweight (30) and that the free end of its rod 92 is secured to a stop (12) in the lower part of the sheath (10).   12) elevator system according to claim 11, characterized in that the counterweight (30) also carries a idler pulley (41), said connecting member (50) being fixed to a fixed point (51) in the upper part of the sheath (10), passing through the idle pulley (41) carried by said counterweight (30), passing again into at least one return pulley (61) integral with the sheath (10) in its upper part and being fixed in a fixed point (22) of the cabin (20).   13) elevator system according to claim 11, characterized in that said counterweight (30) also carries a idler pulley (41), said connecting member (50) being fixed to a fixed point (51 ') in the lower part the sheath (10) passing through the idle pulley (41) carried by said counterweight (30) and being fixed at a fixed point (22) of the cabin (20).