FR2860489A1 - Underwater hull apparatus for boat e.g. mono-hull boat, has filling device for filling shrinkage in bottom of hull, by cove surface and by surface of back part of hull, where filling device is partially expanded to fill shrinkage - Google Patents

Abstract

The apparatus has a filling device (72) for filling shrinkage (16) in bottom of a hull (10), by a cove surface and by a surface of back part (4) of the hull. The device is partially expanded to fill the shrinkage. The device is partially sagged against the cove surface and/or against the back part surface. The device is expanded or sagged by mechanical expansion and sagging unit controlled by control units. An independent claim is also included for a boat comprising an underwater hull apparatus.

Description

CARENE EQUIPMENT, BOAT CARENE PROVIDED WITH SUCH

  EQUIPMENT, AND BOAT COMPRISING SUCH CARINE

DESCRIPTION 5 TECHNICAL FIELD

  The present invention takes place in the field of navigation.

  It relates to a boat hull equipment. It also aims a hull equipped with such equipment It is still a boat including a hull and equipped.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART

  In the prior art, conventional Archimedean hulls are known, which are boat hulls having a generally arched shape characterized by a substantially continuous curvature in longitudinal section. Their shapes are generally soft, because they are designed according to buoyancy and stability criteria by volume, implementing the buoyancy of Archimedes, and according to hydrodynamic criteria of resistance to the advancement of a submerged hull.

  We speak of Archimedean navigation mode when most, if not all, of the hull remains submerged and subject to Archimedes thrust. On the contrary, we speak of hovering mode of navigation when the hull is dynamically carrier. In gliding mode, there is a dynamic thrust that does not exist significantly in Archimedean mode. This dynamic thrust exerts on B 14245.3 VD the hull and helps keep the boat on the surface of the water.

  On a classic hull sailing in gliding mode, the dynamic fulcrum where the dynamic thrust is exerted is between the transom of the boat and the meeting point between the hull and the water.

  In addition to the Archimedean hulls, there are also known hulls of boats comprising a recess, or redan, which gives them a curvature having a discontinuity in longitudinal section.

  A stepped hull is disclosed in document FR 2 615 815. This document relates to a sailboat multihull float hull, which comprises a front portion and a rear portion separated by a step. The redan is oriented in a substantially transverse direction of the hull. The front part is lower or deeper, so more immersed, than the rear part.

  An advantage of a hull with a redan compared to an Archimedean hull, lies in the fact that at high speed, it allows the boat to navigate in hovering mode, while at low speed it navigates in Archimedean mode. The radar allows the dynamic fulcrum to be moved forward, artificially creating a transom effect in front of the transom itself. In the presence of a redan and at high speed, only the front part of the hull is submerged, its wet surface is reduced, which reduces the drag of the boat. The speed performance of the boat is improved, in a range of B 14245.3 VD high speeds, ie above a range of transition speeds between the Archimedean navigation mode and hovering navigation mode.

  Another advantage lies in the fact that the stability of the boat, and in particular its longitudinal attitude, is improved at high speed by the presence of the step, because of the dynamic nature of the lift of the front part of the hull.

  Consequently, beyond the transition speed range, a sailboat having a hull comprising a step can advance faster than if it had a classic Archimedean hull, for identical external navigation conditions. A motorboat having a hull with a step can move faster than if it had a classic Archimedean hull, with identical fuel consumption, or it can move at the same speed with reduced consumption, which reduces its usage costs.

  But the presence of such a redan on a redan hull of the prior art has a disadvantage at low speed and in the transition speed range. Indeed, at low speed, the entire hull is submerged. A hull with a redan behaves more unfavorably than a classic Archimedean hull, because the presence of the redan generates at low speed turbulence which increases the drag of the boat and restrains its advance.

  In a range of low speeds, or even up to the range of transition speeds, the effects of the redan are reversed A sailing boat equipped with a B 14245.3 VD of a hull including a redan advance slower than if the hull did not include no redan. Similarly, a motorboat equipped with a hull with a redan advance less quickly, or must consume more fuel to move as fast as a boat equipped with a classic Archimedean hull.

  A redundant hull according to the prior art has another drawback, in the case of sail propulsion. When the boat sails, the forward section provides dynamic thrust, causing a tilting moment that raises the front of the hull. In parallel, the sailing thrust causes a biting moment which has the effect of driving into the water the front of the hull. An optimal navigation situation is thus obtained, at high speed, when the biting moment and the tilting moment are balanced. However, when the boat is sailing at low speed, in Archimedean mode, the dynamic thrust is weak and the tilting moment is also weak because the speed is low. The piercing moment is then thwarted by the sole push of Archimedes. At low speed and at the approach of the transition speeds, there may be a depression of the front of the hull, which then has the effect of preventing the dynamic thrust to settle, and thus to prevent the transition between low speeds and high speeds. This phenomenon is further accentuated by the fact that in Archimedean mode, the turbulence created by the redan induces a significant drag which increases the biting moment. To avoid B 14245.3 VD such a risk, we distribute the masses on the boat so that the center of gravity is offset to the rear, to promote the pitching. Thus, with a center of gravity deported to the rear of the boat, the phenomenon of driving forward is reduced, archimedean mode or transition mode. But when the boat sails in high-speed gliding mode, the fact that the center of gravity is deported to the rear does not make it possible to obtain an optimal balance between the piercing moment and the tilting moment. The speed performance of the boat is therefore not maximum.

  DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In all that follows, the following definitions will be accepted: the longitudinal plane of a hull is the median vertical plane oriented from front to back of the hull, the horizontal plane of a hull is the median horizontal plane parallel to the hull plane of flotation when it is subject to buoyancy alone, - a transverse plane of a hull is a plane perpendicular both to its longitudinal plane and to its horizontal plane a transverse hull direction is a direction parallel to the intersection of its horizontal plane and a transverse plane; a longitudinal hull direction is a direction parallel to the intersection of its horizontal plane and its vertical plane; , B 14245.3 VD - a transverse step of a hull is a notch substantially oriented in a transverse direction of the hull, - the height of the step is its dimension in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane The length of the redan is its dimension in a longitudinal direction of the hull In all that follows, when we meet the term redan, it should be interpreted as transverse redan.

  In what follows, is called anterior portion, respectively rear portion, a hull, a portion thereof which is located immediately before a redan respectively immediately after a redan. When the hull has only one step, said front portion is the front portion of the hull, and said rear portion is the rear portion of the hull. When the hull has several steps, an anterior portion for a redan may be a posterior portion for another redan.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a hull equipment, which allows to benefit from the advantages conferred by the presence of a transverse step when the boat is sailing at high speed, and to reduce or eliminate the disadvantages associated with the presence of this same redan when the boat is sailing at low speed or in the transition speed range.

  B 14245.3 VD According to a first aspect of the invention, the hull equipment is able to cause a boat hull to occupy a plurality of configurations, said plurality comprising a first hull configuration, in which the hull comprises a transverse redan separating an anterior portion and a posterior portion, said transverse step being in a first redan form, said plurality of configurations comprising at least one other hull configuration in which the first redan shape of the first configuration is not retained.

  Said other configuration of the plurality of hull configurations may be a hull configuration comprising a step, in which said redan is in another form, different from the first form of redan.

  Said other configuration of the plurality of hull configurations may be a hull configuration in which the redan is removed.

  In other words, thanks to the hull equipment according to the invention, the hull can occupy a hull configuration in which it has no redan, or different hull configurations in which it has a redan. Each of the hull configurations in which it has a redan corresponds to a form of redan, said forms of redan being different from each other. The difference in shape can affect for example the height of the step, or its length, or its B 14245.3 VD inclination, or a combination of two or more of these parameters.

  According to a first embodiment, the hull equipment is adapted to a hull of hull type boat hull, comprising a redan oriented in a substantially transverse direction of said hull and separating anterior portion and a rear portion. This equipment comprises a filling device, intended to at least partially fill a withdrawal, which is formed in said hull, defined relative to said front portion and defined by said rear portion and said step.

  According to a first variant of the first embodiment, the filling device is removable.

  According to a second variant of the first embodiment, the filling device is deployable / retractable, and can be retracted into the front part.

  According to a third variant of the first embodiment, the filling device is deployable / retractable, and can be retracted into the rear part.

  According to a fourth variant of the first embodiment, the filling device is integral with the redan and / or the rear part, and expandable / collapsible.

  According to a second embodiment, the hull equipment comprises an extractable / retractable redan device. When fully retracted, this retractable / retractable redan B 14245.3 VD device causes the hull to occupy said hull configuration in which said redan is removed. When at least partially extracted, this retractable / retractable redan device causes the hull to occupy one of the hull configurations in which it has a transverse step.

  According to a third embodiment, the hull equipment comprises at least one sliding part of said hull which is slidable with respect to another part of said hull, in a sliding direction which is substantially contained in the longitudinal plane of the hull. said hull.

  According to a first alternative embodiment of the third embodiment of the hull equipment, it comprises a sliding front portion adapted to slide substantially downwardly relative to a rear portion. When this sliding front portion has slid completely downward, the hull occupies the hull configuration in which the redan is removed, otherwise it occupies one of the hull configurations in which it comprises a redan.

  According to a second variant embodiment of the third embodiment of the hull equipment, the latter comprises a sliding rear part capable of sliding substantially upwards with respect to an anterior part. When this sliding rear portion has slid completely upwards, the hull occupies the configuration of the hull in which the redan is removed, otherwise, it B 14245.3 VD occupies one of the hull configurations in which it comprises a redan.

  According to a third variant embodiment of the third embodiment of the hull equipment, compatible respectively with the first variant and the second variant above, the latter comprises the combination of a sliding front part and a sliding rear part. the sliding anterior portion being slidable substantially downwardly relative to the posterior portion, and the sliding rear portion being slidable substantially upwardly relative to the anterior portion. When said sliding front portion has slid all the way upwards and said sliding rear part has slid completely downwards, said hull then occupies said hull configuration in which the redan is removed. Otherwise, said hull occupies one of the hull configurations in which it comprises a redan.

  According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a hull equipped with a hull equipment according to the first aspect of the invention.

  A hull may include several transverse steps. In this case, several hull equipment can be provided according to the first aspect of the invention. This equipment can then be implemented simultaneously or not, depending on the wishes of the browser.

  The hulls according to the second aspect of the invention may further comprise additional B 14245.3 VD equipment intended to improve the performance in speed and stability of the boat. These additional equipment may be levers, stabilizers or ground effect devices. These different additional equipment may be present simultaneously or not on the same hull.

  According to a third aspect, the invention relates to a boat having at least one hull equipped with such hull equipment.

  The hull equipment of the invention can be applied on all types of boats. These boats can be of the type propelled by a veiling force and can include for this purpose propulsion means such as sails, a kite or a rigid wing. These boats may be of the type propelled by a mechanical force and include for this purpose propulsion means such as engines or means for transmitting an energy produced by a living being such as for example one or more rowers. These boats can be monohulls or multihulls. In the case of a multihull boat, for example catamaran or trimaran, or tripod or foiler, the hull equipment can equip one or more hulls, or all the hulls.

  An advantage of a hull equipped with a hull equipment according to the invention resides in the fact that one can: - benefit from a redan effect when the boat sails in planing mode, by removing the filling device Removing or retracting the B 14245.3 VD deployable / retractable filling device or by sinking the expandable / collapsible filling device, or by extracting the extractable / retractable redan device, - attenuating to suppress the redan effect when the boat is sailing in Archimedean mode, by installing the removable filling device or by deploying the deployable / retractable filling device or by expanding the expandable / collapsible filling device, or by retracting the extractable / retractable redan device.

  Thus, it is possible to benefit from the advantages of a hull at high speed, and in particular the dynamic thrust that glide navigation provides.

  It is also possible to mitigate or eliminate the disadvantages of a low speed redan hull and in the range of transition speeds, including the additional drag due to turbulence generated by the presence of the redan, Archimedean mode.

  In addition, since the adverse effect of the redan is thus reduced in the low speed range, the boat reaches faster a high speed corresponding to a hovering mode of navigation. A tilting moment created by the dynamic thrust is created more quickly, the piercing moment due to the sailing thrust is compensated more quickly. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to shift the center of gravity rearward as much as in the case of a B 14245.3 RV VD hull of the prior art. Therefore, the speed performance of the boat in gliding mode is further improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

  The invention will be better understood on reading the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention, provided for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: - Figure 1 illustrates, in section longitudinal, a hull not including redan; - Figure 2A and 2B respectively illustrate, in longitudinal section, a hull comprising a transverse step and a hull having two transverse steps; FIGS. 3A to 3C illustrate different inclinations of steps; - Figures 4A and 4B illustrate, respectively, two configurations of a hull equipped with a first variant of a first embodiment of hull equipment; FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate, respectively, two configurations of a hull equipped with a second variant of the first embodiment of hull equipment; - Figures 6A and 6B illustrate, respectively, two configurations of a hull equipped with a third variant of the first embodiment of hull equipment; FIGS. 7A and 7B respectively illustrate two configurations of a B 14245.3 VD hull 10 equipped with a fourth variant of the first hull equipment embodiment; FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate, respectively, two configurations of a hull equipped with a second embodiment of hull equipment according to the invention; FIGS. 9A and 9B respectively illustrate two configurations of a hull equipped with a first variant or a second variant or a third variant of a third embodiment of hull equipment in accordance with FIG. invention; FIG. 9C illustrates a configuration, similar to that of FIG. 9B, of a hull equipped with a fourth variant of the third embodiment of the hull equipment according to the invention; FIG. 10A illustrates, in view of the surface, a stepped hull equipped in addition with a drift-foil-type suspension appendix 20; FIG. 10B illustrates, in front view, a stepped hull equipped in addition with a curvature-bearing appendage of the curvi-foil type; FIG. 11 illustrates, in perspective, a stepped hull equipped in addition with a T-foil-type lift appendix; - Figure 12A illustrates, in lower perspective, a stepped hull further equipped with a first embodiment of a T-foil stabilizer device; B 12245.3 VD - Figure 12B illustrates, in upper perspective a stepped hull further equipped with a second embodiment of a T-foil stabilizer device; - Figures 13A and 13B illustrate, in lower perspective, a hull also equipped with a stabilizer device of the rear flap type, respectively in two operating configurations of the stabilizer device.

  - Figure 14A illustrates, in partial front view, an embodiment of the fourth variant of the first embodiment of the filling device, when it is collapsed; - Figure 14B is similar to Figure 14A, the filling device being expanded; and Figure 15 illustrates, in lower perspective, the expanded filling device of Figure 14B.

  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS In FIG. 1 is represented a classical Archimedean hull 100, having an anterior portion 102 and a posterior portion 104, which are separated substantially at a transverse plane T represented by a dotted line. The bottom 112 of the anterior portion 102 is preferably inclined so as to be raised forward. The bottom 114 of the posterior portion 104 is preferably inclined so as to be raised rearward. The respective inclinations of the bottoms 112 and 114 are between them an angle Q. B 14245.3 VD In FIG. 1, the archimedean navigation mode is also illustrated according to which the anterior part 102 and the posterior part 104 of the Archimedean hull 100 are all two submerged below the waterline 150.

  In Figure 2A is shown a hull 10 single redan, having a step 6 which separates an anterior portion 2 and a rear portion 4 at a transverse plane T materialized by a dotted line.

  The bottom 12 of the anterior portion 2 and the bottom 14 of the rear portion 4 are preferably inclined, in a similar manner to the bottoms 112 and 114 of the respective anterior portions 102 and posterior 104 of the Archimedean hull 100 of FIG. and their inclinations are between them an angle Q. The surface of the step 6 and the surface of the rear portion 4 define in the bottom of the hull 10 a withdrawal 16 relative to the front portion 2.

  FIG. 2A also shows the hovering mode of navigation, in which the anterior portion 2 of the stepped hull 10 is submerged below the waterline 150, while its rear portion 4 is above of the waterline 150.

  FIG. 2B shows a hull 20 with a double step, comprising two steps 6, 8. The foremost redan or first step 6 separates an anterior portion 2 and a posterior portion 3, substantially at a transverse plane T1. which is materialized B 14245.3 VD.

  by a mixed line. The rearmost step or second step 8 separates an anterior portion 3 and a posterior portion 4 substantially at a transverse plane T2 which is represented by a dashed line.

  The anterior part 2 constitutes the front part of the hull 20, and the posterior part 4 constitutes the rear part of the hull 20. The posterior part 3 to the first step 6 is merged with the anterior part 3 to the second step 8, and constitutes a intermediate portion 3 of the hull 20, delimited by the two transverse planes T1 and T2.

  The bottom 14 of the rear part 4 is preferably inclined so as to be raised towards the rear. The bottom 12 of the front portion 2 is preferably inclined so as to be raised forward. The bottom 13 of the intermediate portion can be raised forwards or backwards, always having the first step 6 and the second step 8 which are oriented towards the rear. The inclinations of the bottom 14 of the rear portion 4 and the bottom 13 of the intermediate portion 3 form an angle Q between them. The inclinations of the bottom 13 of the intermediate portion 3 and the bottom 12 of the front portion 2 form an angle between them. Q '. In the illustrated example, the funds 12 and 13 have different inclinations, and the angles Q and Q 'are different from each other. One could consider, alternatively, identical inclinations and / or angles Q and Q 'equal.

  The surface of the first step 6 and the surface of the portion 13 posterior to the first step 6 define in the bottom of the hull 20 a first withdrawal 16 by B 14245.3 VD relative to the front portion 2. The surface of the second step 8 and the surface of the portion 14 posterior to the second step 8 delimit in the bottom of the hull 20 a second withdrawal 18 relative to the intermediate portion 3.

  FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C show single-step hulls 10 comprising a step 6. In the example of FIG. 3A, the step 6 is substantially vertical. In the example of FIG. 3B, the step 6 is inclined so as to be higher towards the posterior part 4 than towards the anterior part 2. In the example of FIG. 3C, the step 6 is inclined so as to be higher towards the anterior part 2 than towards the posterior part 4. These three inclinations of steps are compatible with the hulls of the invention. One could also consider a redan having, when viewed in a longitudinal section of hull, a curved profile. In this case it is preferred, but not limiting, that the curvature of the step is concave outwards. In the remainder of the description will be described hull equipment and additional hull equipment with reference to examples of hulls simple redan. But the invention is not limited to single redan hulls, it can be considered for hulls double redan or multiple steps, having shapes and / or dimensions identical or not.

  Four variants 40, 50, 60, 70 of a first embodiment of a hull equipment according to the invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7, 14A, 14B and 15. This B 14245.3 VD equipment of hull is adapted to a stepped hull 10 comprising at least one redan 6 separating an anterior portion 2 and a rear portion 4. It comprises a filling device, indicated by the respective references 42, 52, 62, 72, for each variant respectively. This filling device 42, 52, 62, 72 fills the withdrawal 16 defined in the bottom of the hull 10 by the surface of the step 6 and the surface of the rear portion 4. It has a geometry and dimensions that allow it at least partially close the withdrawal 16.

  According to a first variant of the first embodiment, illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the filling device 42 is removable. It is installed in the recess 16 by means of installation means, mechanical type, which may comprise for example one or more tips 44 which are maneuverable by one or more persons located on the boat, so as to position it of suitably in the withdrawal 16. Said installation means may also comprise guide means (not shown) for guiding the variable filling device 42 to the appropriate position, as well as locking and unlocking means (not shown) to fix it releasably once it is properly positioned. Said installation means may be manual or controlled by control means.

  According to a second variant of the first embodiment, illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the filling device 52 is able to be at least partially deployed (arrow 56 directed substantially towards the rear) in the recess 16 and less partially retracted (arrow 58 directed substantially towards the front) in the front part 2. It is deployed or retracted by means of mechanical means of deployment and retraction, which can be manual or controlled by control means.

  According to a third variant of the first embodiment, illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the filling device 62 is able to be at least partially deployed (arrow 66 directed substantially downwards) in the recess 16 or at least partially retracted (arrow 68 is directed substantially upwards) in the rear part 4. It is deployed or retracted by means of mechanical means of deployment and retraction, which can be manual or controlled by control means.

  According to a fourth variant of the first embodiment, illustrated in FIGS. 7A, 7B, 14A, 14B and 15, the filling device 72 is able to be at least partially expanded (arrow 76 directed substantially downwards and rearwards on 7A) so as to fill the recess 16 and at least partially collapsed (arrow 78 directed substantially upwards and forwards in FIG. 7B) against the surface of the step 6 and / or against the surface of the part 4 posterior to the step 6. It is expanded or collapsed by means of mechanical means of expansion and subsidence, which can be manual or controlled by control means.

  B 14245.3 VD According to this fourth variant, an exemplary embodiment of which is illustrated in FIGS. 14A, 14B and 15, the filling device is preferably an inflatable / deflatable filling device 72 which preferably comprises an inflatable and deflatable envelope 724, which is fixed against the surface of the recess 16, either only against the surface of the step 6, or against the surface of the step 6 and at least partly against the surface of the rear portion 4. This envelope 724 may be completely flexible, or may comprise rigid guides, such as rods and / or plates, which define its shape during its expansion or subsidence.

  In Figures 14A, 14B and 15 is illustrated a particular example of implementation of the filling device 72 of the inflatable / deflatable type which is the subject of the fourth variant of the first embodiment of the hull equipment. FIGS. 14A and 14E show, in partial front view, a hull equipped with such a filling device, the missing part being deduced from the apparent part by symmetry with respect to the longitudinal plane P, while FIG. hull equipped with lower perspective view.

  The filling device 72 comprises two plates 722, preferably substantially longer than wide, fixed on a flexible envelope 724 so as to be substantially parallel to each other. The plates 722 are not contiguous, so that there is between them a central free remaining area 726 of the casing 724. Two other remaining lateral areas B 14245.3 free VD 728 of the casing 724 are also provided between each plate 722. and the corresponding lateral edge of said envelope 724. Each plate 722 is for example a composite sheet having a privileged property of elasticity in the longitudinal direction. The fixing of the plates 722 on the casing 724 is carried out for example by gluing or any equivalent fixing method. The assembly formed by the envelope 724 and the plates 722 thus forms a semi-rigid structure 722, 724.

  The flexible envelope 724 is itself fixed by its lateral edges 730 on the lateral edges of the bottom 14 of the rear part 4, or close thereto. It is also fixed by its posterior edge 734 on the bottom 14 of the posterior part 4, behind the step 6. The attachment of the flexible envelope 724 on the posterior part 4 is performed by fixing means 732, known per se. , for example bolts 732. At the level of the redan, 6, the semi-rigid structure is retained by a reservation 736 in the form of a rim extending rearwardly around the perimeter of the redan 6, that is to say - say its lower edge and its lateral edges.

  The envelope 724 is chosen from an airtight material and water, for example a fabric or canvas, of the type used for inflatable boats. It is ensured that its attachment to the hull 10 is also waterproof, for example by providing a silicone seal. Thus, once fixed, the structure 722, 724 constitutes with the bottom 14 of the rear part 4 a 750 enclosure watertight and B 14245.3 VD air in which one can create a depression by suction of air. For this purpose a vacuum valve 738 is provided through said bottom 14.

  This filling device 72 further comprises profiled tubes 740, for example made of airtight reinforced fabric, which are arranged inside the semi-rigid structure, parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction, and fixed on the bottom 14 and at the end of the reservation 736, for example by gluing, screwing or riveting. These profiled tubes 740 are able to be inflated and deflated. In the illustrated example, each tube 740 has a wall consisting of a thin bladder 742 connected to an inflation valve 744 through a through hole 746 of the bottom 14. It is necessary to maintain the seal at each of the through holes 746, for example by means of silicone gaskets.

  When a vacuum is created in the sealed chamber 150, and the profiled tubes 740 are deflated, as shown in FIG. 14A, the remaining free zones 726, 728 of the envelope 724 are sucked inwards. of the enclosure 750. The filling device is then collapsed, and the hull 10 is then in a configuration in which it has a redan 6.

  On the contrary, when the depression in the sealed enclosure 150 is eliminated, and the profiled tubes 740 are inflated, as shown in FIGS. 14E and 15, the remaining free zones 726, 728 of the envelope 724 are stretched. . The B 14245.3 VD filling device is then expanded, its maximum height being defined by the width of the remaining free lateral zones 728, and the hull 10 is then in a configuration where it has no redan.

  In both cases, the presence of the plates 722 makes it possible to give the filling device 72 a substantially regular and flat shape, where it is in contact with the water, thus replacing the surface of the bottom 14 which is now under the device filling 72.

  In a common manner to the four variants of the first embodiment of the hull equipment 50 illustrated in the figures, the filling device 42, 52, 62, 72 has, in a longitudinal section of the hull 10 on which it is installed, a substantially triangular profile complementary to the profile of the withdrawal 16. It has, in a cross section of the same hull 10, a substantially quadrilateral profile.

  Preferably, its dimension in a transverse direction of the hull is substantially equal to the dimension (width) of the hull 10 in the same direction.

  When the filling device 42, 52, 62, 72 is installed, or deployed, or expanded, in a direction indicated respectively by the arrows 46, 56, 66, 86 in FIGS. 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, the withdrawal 16 is at least partially filled, and the redan 6 is at least partially removed. When the filling device 42, 52, 62, 72 is withdrawn, or retracted, or B 14245.3 VD collapsed, in a direction indicated respectively by the arrows 48, 58, 68, 78 in FIGS. 4B 5B, 6B, 7B, the hull 10 is in a configuration in which it comprises a redan 6 in a form in which its dimensions are maximum. This hull configuration is particularly advantageous when the boat is sailing at high speed.

  The geometry and dimensions of the filling device 42, 52, 62, 72 can be provided in such a way that it completely fills the recess 16. In this case, the hull 10 is in a configuration (FIGS. 4A, 5A, 6A). 7A) in which it no longer comprises a redan 6. This hull configuration is particularly advantageous at low speed.

  The geometry and dimensions of the filling device 42, 52, 62, 72 can be provided in such a way that it partially fills the recess 16. In this case, the hull 10 is in a configuration (not shown) in which it comprises a redan 6 which is in a form different from the form illustrated respectively in FIGS. 4A, SA, 6A, 7A.

  It can be expected that the hull equipment 40, 50, 60, 70 of each of the four variants of this first embodiment comprises a filling device 42, 52, 62, 72 of variable shape, that is to say having a geometry and / or variable dimensions.

  As an alternative and only for the first variant, it is possible to provide that the hull equipment 40 comprises a set of several removable filling devices 42 having shapes, that is to say B 14245.3 VD of the geometries and / or different dimensions from each other. Thus, the browser may choose to install the removable filler 42 that best suits the navigation conditions encountered, and may, if desired, replace a removable filler 42 with another.

  We will now describe a second embodiment of a hull equipment 80 according to the invention, and with reference to Figures 8A and 8B.

  This hull equipment 80 comprises at least one extractable / retractable redan device 82 which is able to be at least partially extracted, in a direction indicated by the arrow 88 directed substantially downwards, FIG. 8B, thus separating an anterior portion 2 and a posterior portion 4, substantially at a transverse plane T materialized by a dotted line. Depending on the magnitude of the deployment of said extractable / retractable redan device 82, the hull 110 is in one of the hull configurations in which it comprises a redan.

  When the extractable / retractable redan device 82 is completely pulled down from the anterior portion 2, the hull 110 is in a configuration in which it has a redan 6 in a form in which its dimensions are maximum. This hull configuration is particularly advantageous when the boat is sailing at high speed.

  Said retractable / retractable redan device 82 is also adapted to be at least partially retracted B 14245.3 VD, in a direction indicated by the upward pointing arrow 86 (FIG. 8A). When partially retracted, the hull 110 is in a configuration (not shown) in which it comprises a redan 6 in a form different from that in which it is completely extracted (Figure 8B). When fully retracted in the anterior portion 2, the hull 110 is in a configuration in which it does not include a redan (Figure 8A). This hull configuration is particularly advantageous at low speed.

  The extractable / retractable redan 82 is extracted or retracted by mechanical means of extraction and retraction, which may be manual or controlled by control means.

  Several variants of a third embodiment of a hull equipment in accordance with the invention will now be described, and with reference to FIGS. 9A to 9C.

  Figures 9A and 9B schematically illustrate a hull 200 having an anterior portion 202 and a rear portion 204 which are disjoint. The gap between the two hull portions 202 and 204 has been intentionally exaggerated in the figures for purposes of the description. The two parts of hull 202, 204 are joined together by connecting means, substantially at a transverse plane T materialized by a line in phantom, so that they form, together, B 14245.3 VD a hull 200 of complete boat. Said connection between the two hull parts is a sealed connection. Sealing can be achieved by the connecting means between the two parts of the hull or by the fact that the hull parts are individually sealed.

  These connecting means are provided so as to allow a sliding of at least one of the two front portions 202 and posterior 204 relative to each other. They may comprise for this purpose sliding means, such as slides, which may be supplemented by abutment means, and optionally by means for adjusting the position of the abutment means. These various means of sliding, abutment, and adjustment, may be manual mechanical means or controlled by control means. The sliding is preferably in a sliding direction which is substantially contained in the longitudinal plane of the hull.

  According to a first variant of this third embodiment, the hull equipment comprises the front portion 202 which is slidable relative to the posterior portion 204, supposedly fixed. It may further comprise connecting means which are not shown in the figures. Sliding of the front portion 202 is in a sliding direction indicated by the arrows 96 and 98 in Figure 9B.

  We start from a configuration of the hull 200, in which it does not include a redan, illustrated in Figure 9A, and in which the two portions B 14245.3 anterior VD 202 and posterior 204 of the hull are substantially in coincidence l one in front of the other.

  When the front part 202 slides downwards, in the direction of the arrow 98 in FIG. 9B, relative to the posterior part 204, which is supposed to be fixed in this variant embodiment, the hull 200 is in a configuration in which it comprises a redan 206 whose height is substantially equal to the sliding stroke. Between the initial configuration (FIG. 9A) and the configuration corresponding to a maximum sliding of the front portion 202 with respect to the posterior portion 204, the hull 200 successively occupies a plurality of configurations in which it comprises a redan, all these redans being presenting in different forms from each other, especially with regard to their heights. The hull 200 can be immobilized in each of said configurations by means of abutment means and means for adjusting said abutment means.

  According to a second variant of this third embodiment, the hull equipment comprises the rear portion 204 which is slidable relative to the front portion 202. It may further comprise connecting means which are not shown. to the figures. The sliding of the posterior portion 204 is in a sliding direction indicated by the arrows 96 and 98 in FIG. 9B.

  B 14245.3 VD We start from the configuration of the hull 200, in which it does not include a redan, illustrated in Figure 9A.

  When the posterior portion 204 slides upwards, in the direction of the arrow 96 in FIG. 9B, with respect to the front portion 202, assumed fixed in this embodiment, the hull 200 is in a configuration in which it comprises a redan 206 whose height is substantially equal to the sliding stroke. Between the initial configuration (FIG. 9A) and the configuration corresponding to a maximum sliding of the posterior portion 204 with respect to the front portion 202, the hull 200 successively occupies a plurality of configurations in which it comprises a redan, all these redans being presenting in different forms from each other, especially with regard to their heights. The hull 200 can be immobilized in each of said configurations by means of abutment means and means for adjusting said abutment means.

  According to a third variant of this third embodiment, the hull equipment comprises the front part 202 which is slidable relative to the rear part 204, and the rear part 204 which is slidable with respect to the front part. 202. It may further comprise connecting means which are not shown in the figures. The respective sliding of the two anterior 202 and posterior 204 parts are in a sliding direction indicated by the arrows 96 B 14245.3 VD and 98 in Figure 9B. This third variant is a combination of the two previous variants, and will not be described further.

  In Figure 9C is schematically illustrated a hull 300 having an anterior portion 302, a rear portion 304 and an intermediate portion 303 which are disjoint from each other. The anterior portion 302 and the intermediate portion 303 are joined together, substantially at a transverse plane Ti materialized by a line in phantom, by connecting means. The intermediate portion 303 and the rear portion 304 are joined together, substantially at a transverse plane T2 materialized by a line in phantom, by connecting means. The three parts 302, 303, 304 together form a full boat hull 300.

  This fourth variant is a generalization to three parts of the hull of the three previous embodiments, and will be described only briefly.

  According to the fourth variant of this third embodiment, the hull equipment comprises the front portion 302 which is slidable relative to the intermediate portion 303, supposedly fixed, and the rear portion 304, which is slidable relative to at this same intermediate portion 303 assumed fixed. It may further comprise connecting means which are not shown in the figures but which are similar to those of the three previous embodiments.

  B 14245.3 VD In a manner similar to the previous embodiments, the respective sliding portions of the front portion 302 and the rear portion 304 relative to the intermediate portion 303 are in sliding directions, in one direction or in the other, indicated in FIG. 9C by the arrows 96, 98.

  When the anterior portion 302 slides downward (arrow 98) relative to the intermediate portion 303, a first step 306 is created. When the rear portion 304 slides upwards (arrow 96) relative to the intermediate portion 303, creates a second redan 308. According to the sliding races of respective sliding parts, the hull 300 can be in a configuration in which it does not comprise redan, or in a configuration in which it comprises a single redan 306 or 308, or in a configuration in which it comprises two steps 306 and 308.

  We will now be interested in the direction of sliding. In the examples shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the connection between the front 202 and posterior 204 portions is along respective edges 222, 224 of said front 202 and posterior 204, which are substantially vertical and parallel to the transverse plane T. sliding direction is, seen along a longitudinal section of the hull, coincides with the trace of the transverse plane T. But we could consider a sliding direction that would be, when viewed in a longitudinal section of hull, oblique with respect to trace B 14245.3 VD of the transverse plane T. The connecting edges 222, 224 of the portions of the front hull 202 and posterior 204 would then be substantially parallel to this direction of sliding. FIG. 9A shows diagrammatically an interval I around the trace of the transverse plane T, which makes it possible to visualize the maximum inclination A that this sliding direction can take with respect to the transverse plane T. Preferably, the angle A is substantially of the order of 0 to 70.

  In addition, in this fourth embodiment, hull parts which slide in substantially straight sliding directions have been described. One or more sliding directions could be envisaged which are curved while remaining substantially contained in the longitudinal plane of the hull. Preferably, when the sliding direction is curved, the convexity of its curvature is directed towards the rear of the hull.

  One could reason in a similar way to modify the sliding directions of the sliding parts of the fourth variant of the fourth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 9C.

  We will now describe additional equipment 510, 520, 530, 540, 550, which can equip a hull 10 which is also equipped with at least one hull equipment according to the invention, such as those just described . To simplify the figures, it has not shown said hull equipment. These additional equipment 510, 520, 530, 540, 550 are intended to further improve the B 14245.3 VD performance of boats with one or more hulls 10 which are themselves equipped with a hull equipment 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 202, 204, 302, 304, 303 according to the invention.

  In FIGS. 10A, 10B and 11 are represented respectively hulls 10 according to the invention, further equipped with a lift appendix 510, 520, 530.

  In FIGS. 10A and 10B, which are front views of a hull 10, the lift appendix is respectively of the drift-foil type 510 (or foildérive), and of the curvi-foil 520 type (or curvilinear foil). In Fig. 11, which is a bottom perspective view, the lift appendix is of T-foil type 530 (or T-foil).

  In FIGS. 12A, 12B, 13A, 13B, which are views in lower perspective, are represented respectively hulls 10 according to the invention, further equipped with a stabilizing device 540, 550 intended to improve the longitudinal attitude of the hull 10.

  In FIG. 12A, the stabilizing device is of the T-foil type 540 associated with a saffron 500. In FIG. 12B, the stabilizing device is of the T-foil 540 type isolated.

  In FIGS. 13A and 13B, the stabilizing device is of the rear flap type 550 adapted to occupy a configuration in which it is not operative (FIG. 13B) and a configuration in which it is operative (FIG. 13A). This configuration in which it is operative corresponds to a plurality of possible B 14245.3 VD positions for said flap, between an extreme position in which it is not or almost not deployed, and another extreme position in which it is deployed to the maximum.

B 14245.3 VD

Claims (34)

  Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) characterized in that it is adapted to bring a boat hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300) to occupy a plurality of configurations, said plurality comprising a first hull configuration, wherein the hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300) comprises a transverse step (6, 8, 206, 306, 308) separating an anterior portion (2) and an posterior portion (4), said step (6, 8, 206, 306, 308) being in a first form, and in that said plurality of configurations comprises at least one other hull configuration in which the first form of redan is not preserved.   2. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 1, characterized in that said plurality of configurations further comprises a hull configuration in which said step (6, 8, 206 , 306, 308) is deleted.   3. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 1 or 2, said boat hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300) being a hull having at least one redan transverse section (6, 8, 206, 306, 308) separating an anterior part (2) and a rear part (4), characterized in that it comprises a filling device (42, 52, 62, 72, 82), for at least partially filling a recess (16) which is defined with respect to said front portion (2) and delimited by said rear portion (4) and said step (6, 8).   B 14245.3 VD 4. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a removable filling device (42).   5. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 4, characterized in that said removable filling device (42) is of variable shape.   Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that it comprises a set of removable filling devices (42), which have geometries and or different dimensions from each other.   7. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that it comprises means for installing said (said) device (s) ) removable filling (s).   Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a deployable / retractable filling device (52, 62), which can be retracted into the anterior part (2).   9. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a deployable / retractable filling device (52, 62) which can be retracted in the posterior part (4).   10. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that it also comprises means for B 14245.3 VD deployment / retraction of said deployable filling device / retractable (52, 62).   Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises an expansible / collapsible filling device (72) which is integral with the step (6, 8) and / or the rear part (4).   Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 11, characterized in that said expandable / collapsible filling device (72) comprises an inflatable / deflatable filling device (724, 722, 740).   13. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that it comprises means for expansion / subsidence (742, 744, 746) of said device expandable / collapsible filler (72).   14. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises an extractable / retractable redan device (82) capable of being at least partially extracted to cause the hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300) to occupy one of the hull configurations in which it comprises a transverse step (6, 8).   The keel (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) hull equipment according to claim 14 in combination with claim 2, characterized in that when fully retracted said retractable / retractable redan device (82) causes said hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300) to occupy said keel B 14245.3 VD configuration in which said transverse step (6, 8) is removed.   16. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that it also comprises extraction / retraction means of said removable redan device / retractable (82).   Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises at least one sliding part (202, 204, 302, 303, 304). said hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300) which is slidable with respect to another portion of said hull in a sliding direction (96, 98), and that said sliding portion (202, 204, 302, 303, 304) slides at least partially in a first direction along the direction of sliding (96, 98), it causes said hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300) to occupy one of the configurations of hull in which it comprises a transverse step (206, 306, 308).   Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 17, combined with claim 2, characterized in that when it slides completely in a second direction of said sliding direction ( 96, 98), said sliding portion (202, 204, 302, 303, 304) causes said hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300) to occupy said hull configuration wherein said step (206, 306, 308) is deleted.   Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the sliding direction (96, 98) is substantially contained in the longitudinal plane. (P) of said hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300), and is substantially at an angle (A) relative to a transverse plane (T, Ti, T2) of said hull.   20. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that it comprises a sliding front portion (202, 302) capable of sliding substantially downwardly relative to a posterior portion (204, 304).   21. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that it comprises a sliding rear part (204, 304) capable of sliding substantially upwardly relative to an anterior portion (202, 302).   Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that it comprises the combination of a sliding front portion (202, 302) and a sliding rear portion (204, 304), the sliding front portion (202, 302) being slidable substantially downwardly relative to the rear portion (204, 304), and the sliding rear portion (204, 304) being adapted to slide substantially upwardly relative to the front portion (202, 302), and that said forward sliding portion (202, 302) has slid all the way upwards and said sliding rear portion (204, 304) has slid fully to the low B 14245.3 VD, said hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300) then occupies said hull configuration in which the redan (206, 306, 308) is removed.   Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to any one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that it also comprises means for sliding said at least one sliding part. (202, 204, 302, 303, 304).   24. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to any one of claims 17 to 23, characterized in that said angle (A) established between the sliding direction (96, 98 ) and a transverse plane (T, T1, T2) of the hull is substantially in a range of 0 to 30 degrees.   25. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 10, characterized in that said means of deployment / retraction of said deployable / retractable filling device (52, 62) are means mechanical.   Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 16, characterized in that said extraction / retraction means of said extractable / retractable redan device (82) are means mechanical.   27. Hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to claim 23, characterized in that said means for sliding said at least one sliding portion (202, 204, 302, 303, 304 ) are mechanical means.   28. Boat hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300), characterized in that it is equipped with at least one B 14245.3 VD hull equipment (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 27.   29. Boat hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300) according to claim 28, characterized in that it is further equipped with at least one lift appendix (510, 520, 530) belonging to the group consisting of the drift-foils (510), the curvi-foils (520), and the T-foils (530).   Boat hull (10, 20, 110, 200, 300) according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that it is furthermore equipped with at least one stabilizing device (540, 550) belonging to the group consisting of the rear T-foils (540) and the rear flaps (550).   31. Boat, characterized in that it comprises at least one hull (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 200, 300) according to any one of claims 28 to 30.   32. Boat according to claim 31, characterized in that it is of the type propelled by a veil force deployed by means of a propulsion means belonging to the group consisting of sails, a kite and a rigid wing.   33. Boat according to claim 31 or 32, characterized in that it is of the type propelled by a mechanical force deployed through a propulsion means belonging to the group consisting of engines and living beings.   34. Boat according to claim 32 or 33, characterized in that it belongs to the group consisting of monohulls, catamarans, trimarans, tripods and foilers. B 14245.3 VD