FR2859744A1 - Panel for producing heating and/or cooling e.g. load bearing walls of building, has tube whose ends are accessible in recesses to permit their connection with heat energy transportation and distribution conduit of adjacent panels - Google Patents

Abstract

The panel has load bearing structures (1, 3) integrating a tube (4) for transportation and distribution of heat energy. The tube is placed opposite to an inner side of a heat insulating material (2). Ends (4a) of the tube are accessible in recesses (6) in the structure (3) to permit connection of the ends with a heat energy transportation and distribution conduit of adjacent panels. An independent claim is also included for a load bearing wall having a prefabricated panel.

Description

Prefabricated panel for the realization of heating carrier walls

  and / or refreshing buildings, and the load-bearing walls obtained by means of such panels.

  The present invention relates to a prefabricated panel for the production of heating and / or cooling walls of buildings; it also applies to load-bearing walls such as floors, walls or ceilings, executed using such panels.

  The heating or cooling of premises by the floor or walls, are methods known to those skilled in the art for several years.

  The installation of underfloor heating is generally the prerogative of a specialized company: the heating engineer. The current provision of such a qualified company consists in installing a network of tubes (water pipes or electrical cable sheaths) on an incompressible insulation or on a specific support specific to a manufacturer, and to connect this network of tubes to an energy generator.

  This insulation or adapted support is most often also posed by the heating engineer considering that they can be closely associated with the type of tubes or ducts of the heating system. Said insulator or adapted support are themselves placed on a carrier previously made by the construction company or masonry. A mortar or concrete screed is then reported by a stonemason or a chapist on the installed pipe network, which is finally generally covered by a finishing coating consisting of a conventional floor covering (flooring, tiles, etc.).

  The nature of the tubes used to form the tube network depends on the energy chosen: electricity or water (hot and / or cold); their diameter may for example vary between 3 mm and 20 mm, depending on the energy.

  In all cases, the tubes are placed on the construction site, after completion of the carrier, which is independent of the heating system and / or cooling.

  This situation has several disadvantages such as, for example: a highly constrained regulated domain, whatever the solution adopted; an execution time, on site, necessarily long; a delay is then necessary before proceeding to a check of the good operation of the system and the stability of the floor to the dilatation, before the installation of the finishing coating; the need to call on highly qualified executives from different trades (heating engineers, chapters); - the obligation of rigorous site management with regard to the implementers and the various materials and materials required; the difficulty of checking the perfect execution of the floor heating and to guarantee the durability of the good functioning of the system; a relatively high cost.

  The present invention relates to a prefabricated panel for producing heating walls and / or cooling buildings, free from the aforementioned disadvantages of traditional methods, these walls being constituted by a plurality of prefabricated panels connected together.

  According to the invention, the prefabricated panel comprises a supporting structure including an insulator and this panel is particularly remarkable in that said supporting structure also incorporates a tube for example shaped as a coil and allowing the transport and distribution of thermal energy , this tube being placed facing the internal face of the insulator by considering the normal position of the panel in the constitution and the function of a specific building wall, and its ends being accessible in at least one recess reserved in the structure carrier of the panel, to allow their connection to the circuit of transport and distribution of thermal energy of one or more similar adjacent panels or to a source of energy.

  The invention also relates to the heating and / or cooling walls constituted by a set of prefabricated panels as defined above and whose assembly constitutes both a monolithic carrier wall and a closed network of heating and / or cooling.

  The invention notably provides the following advantages: the panels are prefabricated and tested at the factory, under the best possible conditions; the integration of the heating system with the prefabricated panels makes it possible to considerably reduce the total thickness of the floors made, compared to montages of the floors or walls (floor or wall + heating or cooling complex) currently proposed; the mounting of the walls on the site can be operated quickly and, after grouting the panels and connecting them to each other and to the energy source, it is not necessary to meet deadlines for the installation of the finishing coating; in this way, a significant reduction in the installation time of the floors, on site; the possibility of using moderately qualified assemblers; - very simplified site management, both as regards the supplies and the verification of the work carried out.

  a lower cost price resulting from further industrialization of traditional methods of mounting heated floors and / or refreshing.

  The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages will become more apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a prefabricated modular panel constructed in accordance with FIG. particularly interesting embodiment of the invention.

  Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a prefabricated panel 5 substantially similar to the panel shown in Figure 1 but having a width twice that of the latter.

  Figure 3 is a top view of this panel.

  Figure 4 is a plan view of a first embodiment of a carrier wall obtained by assembling and connecting prefabricated panels of the invention.

  FIG. 5 is a partial view, in section, of one end of a panel in which the recess containing the connection ends of the heating and / or cooling coil embedded in the supporting structure of said panel is located; .

  FIG. 6 represents the block diagram of an exemplary configuration of a heating and / or cooling network according to the invention.

  FIGS. 7A, 7B, 7C and 7D are detail views, in schematic and in plan view, illustrating examples of connection of prefabricated panel heat transfer tubes.

  Figure 8 is a schematic plan view illustrating another example of distribution of the heat pipes in a floor heating and / or cooling.

  Figure 9 is a sectional view taken along the line 9-9 of Figure 8.

  FIG. 10 is a partial view, in perspective, taken at the level of a support, showing the structural part of the system connected to an example of bearing support and the connection of the heating and / or cooling circuits of two panels adjacent.

  These drawings are used to describe interesting, but in no way limiting, embodiments of the prefabricated panel and the air-conditioning supporting walls according to the invention.

  An application of the invention to a system for heating and / or cooling by the soil is described below. Therefore, in the remainder of the present description, terms such as "superior", "lower", "high", "low", "internal" are used, given the position normally occupied by prefabricated panels in the constitution of a heated floor. These terms are therefore in no way limiting if one considers that the prefabricated panels according to the invention can also be used for the production of vertical walls (walls) or ceilings.

  Very advantageously, the invention can be applied to the production of bearing floor elements of the type described in document FR-A-2,792,963. Such elements comprise a bearing structure comprising at least one U-shaped metal section 1, a thermal insulator 2 contained in the space delimited by the lateral flanges 1a of this profile and a reinforced concrete compression slab 3 disposed above said space and rigidly secured to said profile.

  The metal section 1 constituting the lower part of the panel can be made of galvanized steel and have different widths, according to the wishes of the manufacturers. It preferably comprises a bottom 1b ribbed or range between its lateral wings la.

  The thermal insulation 2 may be made of any suitable material, such as mineral wool; it must be sufficiently incompressible or not very compressible, to support the weight of the compression slab 3 forming the upper part of the panel, while giving the underside of the latter, during its casting, the desired shape. Thermal insulation 2 may also be constituted by a multilayer reflective insulation, known per se.

  The metal section 1, by its geometry, makes it possible to maintain, in part high, the compression slab 3 made of reinforced concrete, and to offer, at the bottom, a section of steel which, when the wall is in charge , provides resistance to tensile stresses (in the case of applying a force applied to the concrete face and perpendicular to the load-bearing direction of the panel). It ensures the effective connection between the two other components of the panel.

  The lateral connection between two panels or prefabricated elements is provided by a covering and a reciprocal interlocking of the lateral flanges 1a of the metal section 1 whose geometry is studied to obtain this result.

  It is emphasized, however, that the invention is applicable to other types of prefabricated floor elements or other building wall.

  According to the invention, the carrying structure of the prefabricated panels, preferably made in the manner previously described, contains a tube 4, for example made in the form of a coil, and shaped to allow the transport and distribution of thermal energy. .

  Advantageously, the facing faces of the thermal insulation 2 and the compression slab 3, respectively, can be flat, so that said slab can have a reduced thickness over most of its surface and that the upper face 2a of the thermal insulation can be very close to the heat pipe network, in order to direct the thermal energy conveyed by said network, to the surface of the concrete slab for it to be broadcast.

  The thickness of the concrete slab 3 is determined so as to be perfectly suitable for use in optimal conditions of the integrated heating and / or cooling system. This thickness is for example between 50 mm and 100 mm, so as to comply with the regulations in force for the realization of heated floors.

  In the example shown, the tube 4 is constituted by a pipe of a type capable of ensuring a circulation of a heating fluid or cooler brought to a suitable temperature, for example a circulation of hot water or cold water. However, the tube 4 can also be constituted by the sheath of an electric heating cable, when the installation uses electrical energy. - 7-

  The tubes 4, when intended to ensure the circulation of a coolant, may be made of metal or in a synthetic material, characterized by a good coefficient of thermal conductivity. They have, for example, an inner diameter of about 12 mm to 20 mm. The tubes 4 preferably have a serpentine configuration and their ends 4a are preferably arranged, in a manner known per se, to allow their connection to other elements of the distribution circuit of the heating agent and / or or refreshing the installation, by means of appropriate connections.

  The tubes 4, when they are intended to allow the diffusion of the heat energy resulting from the transformation, by Joule effect, of the electrical energy, are constituted by electric heating cables known per se and which may comprise a conductive core sheathed and sometimes shielded, with an envelope in plastic or mineral insulation. In this case, the ends of the heating cable embedded in the carrier frame of the panel, can be equipped with male and / or female connectors, to allow their connection to other elements of the heating circuit.

  During the manufacture of the panels according to the invention, a welded mesh 5 is placed on the top of the lateral flanges 1a of the metal section 1, this metal mesh 2 providing two functions: Arming the compression slab 3 of small thickness; Serve as support for the tube or coil 4.

  When the welded mesh 5 has been laid and mechanically fastened, by welding or any other means known to be effective, on the lateral wings 1a of the metal section 1, the tube or coil 4 may be placed and hooked on said trellis with the aid of any suitable means, and so that its ends are positioned near at least one of the edges of the panel made.

  Each tube or coil 4 may cover the entire surface of the panel, or only part of it, so that after assembly and connection of the panels, the wall made comprises a zone (or several zones) not covered by the system of the invention, that is to say a zone (or several zones) to be unheated and / or not refreshed (as shown in Figures 6 and 8).

  The compression slab 3 is then cast, so that the heating circuit 4 of each panel is integrated with said compression slab.

  According to a characteristic arrangement of the invention, at least one recess 6 in which is accessible at least one of the connecting ends 4a of the tube 4 is provided in the bearing structure of the panel, at the periphery of the latter. According to the illustrated example, this recess 6 is reserved in the compression slab 3 and, more precisely, in one of the transverse ends thereof.

  Depending on the types of prefabricated floor elements and the destination of these elements, the recess or recesses could be reserved in the lower part thereof.

  The recess 6 or each recess 6 can be obtained by arranging a housing or a reservation 7 on the welded mesh 5 at the location where the end (s) 4a of the tube 4 are located, before the proceed to the casting of the compression slab 3. This housing or this reservation 7 embedded in the compression slab has the following characteristics: a height corresponding to that of the concrete part of the compression slab 3 located above the trellis welded ; - fluid concrete tightness during the prefabrication phase; dimensions for receiving at least one of the connecting ends 4a of the tube 4 and a connecting device 8 conventional suitable for the nature of the tubes to be connected (hot or cold water circulation pipes, or other heat transfer fluid, or electric heating cables); - A movable portion allowing accessibility to the end or ends 4a of the tube 4, on site; to allow the connection of the tubes of the various panels of the wall, between them, and / or the connection of certain panels to the supply pipe (s) and to the return piping (s).

  According to the energy distribution needs, or according to the choice of separation of the zones to be treated, the housings or reservations allow a connection or connection between two adjacent wall elements, or directly to the energy generator. It is up to the thermal design office to determine the number of elements that must be connected to each other and those that must be connected directly to the generator.

  The recesses 6 in which the connection ends 4a of the heating and / or cooling tubes, or electric heating cables 4, are waiting can be provided at different locations of the periphery of the panels, as shown, for example, in FIGS. and 8.

  As illustrated by Figures 3 and 4, it may however be advantageous to provide a single recess 6 formed at one end only of the panel and occupying the entire width of said end. Such an arrangement facilitates the mounting of the heating and / or cooling walls, insofar as the connection of all the panels or subdivisions of this assembly to the energy generator 9 can be achieved by means of conduits or conductors 11A. , 11B, 11C, 11D,

  ., arranged in parallel, in a single rectilinear zone situated along one of the edges of said walls (FIG. 4) and, as a result, perfectly situable after placement of the finishing coatings ... FIGS. in FIG. 6, the block diagram of an exemplary heating and / or cooling network configuration which, in this case, is formed of three zones A, B and C that can be heated and / or cooled together or separately , and an unheated and / or uncooled zone D.

  The panels P1 and P2 of the zone A are connected to each other and this couple of panels is connected to the DA feeder and to the return RA of the energy generator 9, via the ducts T1 and T2, respectively. The panels P3, P4 and P5 of the zone B are connected to each other and this set of panels is connected to the DB start and to the RB return of the energy generator 9, via the ducts T3 and T4. The panels P6 and P7 of the zone C are connected to each other and this couple of panels is connected to the DC output and to the RC return of the energy generator 9, via the ducts T5 and T6, respectively.

  Figure 7A shows the connection of the adjacent panel circuits P8 and P9 by means of a straight connection. The outlet end 4a 'of the tube 4 of the panel P8 is connected, by means of a connector 8, to the inlet end 4 "of the tube 4 of the panel P9 disposed in the extension of said outlet end.

  Figure 7B shows the connection of the contiguous panel circuits P10 and P1, by means of a bent connection. The outlet end 4a 'of the tube 4 of the panel P10 is connected, by means of a connector 8, to the inlet end 4 "of the tube 4 of the panel P1 which is oriented at 90 with respect to said end of exit.

  FIG. 7C shows an "input / output" dual box making the connection of a first circuit 4 'of a panel P12 to the energy generator or to another panel (not shown) by means of a straight connection, and the connection of a second circuit 4 "of said panel 12 to the tube 4 of a juxtaposed panel P13, by means of a bent connection.

  Figure 7D shows the connection between two panels P14, P15 within a recess 6 linear and perpendicular to the load-bearing direction of the panels. This connection 8 'can be achieved by means of junction pieces reported on site, such as rigid bends or any other suitable system known to those skilled in the art.

  The network may thus consist of a set of closed circuits comprising one or more prefabricated panels connected to the energy generator.

  The system provides independence between each prefabricated element leaving a great latitude in the realization of heating and / or cooling.

  The direction of installation of the tube namely in the bearing direction of the floor element or perpendicular thereto does not change the basic principle.

  This choice is made from the type of tube (electric or water) and / or its diameter.

  The pitch (distance between two tubes) is given by the thermal design office and generally according to the energy conveyed and the desired performance in use; this criterion does not affect the process presented here.

  FIGS. 8 and 9 show an example of a heating and / or cooling floor consisting of prefabricated panels according to the invention incorporating tubes intended to convey a coolant (hot water, cold water, steam or other), the floor consisting of by assembling these panels bearing on bearing walls 10, 10 'constituting both a carrier monolithic assembly and a network or closed circuit heating and / or cooling.

  FIG. 10 shows the juxtaposition of two prefabricated panels P ', P "at their bearing on a bearing wall 10, and the connection of the tubes 4 incorporated in the supporting structure of these panels, before casting of the chaining concrete and the mortar It is then possible to quickly proceed to the execution of the topcoat or flooring (tiles or other).

Claims (11)

-12-CLAIMS   1. Prefabricated panel for producing heating walls and / or cooling building, comprising a carrier structure (1, 3) including a thermal insulation (2), characterized in that it also incorporates a tube (4) for transporting and the distribution of a thermal energy, this tube being placed facing the internal face of the insulator, considering the normal position of the panel in the constitution of a building wall, and its ends (4a) being accessible in at least one recess (6) reserved in the carrier structure (3) of the panel, to allow their connection to the heat transport and distribution duct of one or more similar adjacent panels.   2. prefabricated panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube (4) is constituted by a pipe adapted to ensure a circulation of water or other coolant and made of a material having a good coefficient of thermal conductivity.   3. prefabricated panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube (4) is constituted by an electric heating cable.   4. prefabricated panel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ends (4a) of the tube (4) or each tube (4) integrated in said panel, are arranged to allow their connection to d ' other elements (4, 9) of the distribution circuit of the heating agent and / or cooling of the installation, by means of fitting (8, 8 ') appropriate. - 13-   5. prefabricated panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tube (4) has the shape of a coil covering the entire surface of the panel or a portion thereof only.   6. Prefabricated panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the recess or reservation (6) is constituted by a housing (7), embedded in the carrier structure (1, 3) of said panel.   7. prefabricated panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the recess (6) is provided at one end of the panel and extends over the entire width of said panel.   8. Prefabricated panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises an upper part consisting of a compression slab (3), a lower portion constituted by a metal section (1) rigidly secured to said slab, and a thermal insulation (2) disposed between said compression slab (3) and said metal section (1), and in that the recess or recesses (6) is / are provided in the compression slab.   9. prefabricated panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the facing faces (3a, 2a) of the compression slab (3) and the thermal insulator (2) are planar.   10. Carrier wall, characterized in that it consists of a plurality of prefabricated panels according to any one of claims 1 to 9, these panels being connected so as to constitute at least one heating circuit and / or cooling integrated in said wall.   11. carrying wall according to claim 10, characterized in that it consists of panels connected to form two or more heating circuits and / or cooling corresponding to specific areas of said wall, each of these circuits individually connectable to a thermal energy generator (9)