FR2837269A1 - Fire-resistant ventilation or smoke evacuation duct for building has rectangular section with wall panels of plaster/vermiculite mixture and metal frame - Google Patents

Abstract

The duct, running the whole height of a multi-storey building, consists of a vertical tube (1) of rectangular cross-section, having at least two walls made from assembled rectangular plates (2) made from a mixture of plaster and vermiculite with adjoining edges (3, 6). The panels are reinforced by a metal frame (5) and coated on the outside by a sprayedon layer (9) of plaster and vermiculite mixture. Each of the panels (2) has a smooth inner surface, and an outer surface with a series of equallyspaced parallel semi-circular section grooves (4) to receive reinforcing tubes of the metal frame.

Description

[using ventilation intakes.

  The present invention relates to a fire-break ventilation or smoke extraction duct of a building to be protected, in particular of a multi-storey building, extending essentially over the whole

of the height of this building.

  s The authorities are increasingly imposing to provide

  buildings for domestic or professional use of fire-resistant conduits.

  However, there are currently no means available on the market making it possible to obtain fire-resistant conduits having a satisfactory efficiency in a simple manner, the cross section of which may be any, and such as to adapt to all configurations of possible, that is to say to be accommodated in practical reservations for this purpose in the floors of the building, or preexisting, or even to be leaning against a wall of the building to be protected or even to two walls at the level

of an angle of this building.

  The object of the present invention is to fill this gap. To this end, it relates to a fire-resistant duct of the aforementioned type, characterized in that it is constituted by a vertical tubular element of rectangular section, at least two wind walls of which are formed by a set of rectangular mounting plates in a

  mixture of plaster and vermiculite juxtaposed at the edges.

  According to the invention, this assembly is stiffened by a metal framework and coated externally with a mixture of plaster and vermicu

lite applied by projection.

  2s The essential characteristic of the fire-resistant conduit in accordance with the invention is linked to the presence of the external covering made of the same material as the mounting plates so as to allow the conduit to be protected in a monolithic manner and to be caulked effciently to necessary places, for example at the crossing

of floors.

  According to a preferred characteristic of the invention, each of the mounting plates has two main faces, namely a first face or smooth internal face and a second face or external face equipped with a series of positioning grooves of essentially semi circular section. regularly spaces. According to the invention the wind positioning grooves directed parallel to one of the sides of the plate

than mounting.

  Rigidification tubes which constitute the metal framework-

  lique vent lodges in at least some of these positioning grooves

  is lying. According to the invention, the positioning grooves as well as

  s the stiffening tubes can be arranged either vertically or horizontally

  horizontally depending on the cross section of the fire barrier.

  It is particularly advantageous according to

  [invention that the mounting plates all have standard dimensions

  identical darts, by way of nonlimiting example of the order of o 1,200 x 800 mm for a thickness of approximately 30 mm. The positioning grooves can advantageously be spaced apart by mm and dimensioned so as to allow tubes to be embedded therein.

  in galvanized steel, 16 mm in diameter and 1 mm thick.

  In accordance with the invention it is as far as possible preferable that the width of each of the walls of the fire barrier

  corresponds to the dimensions of the mounting plate dimensions.

  These plates can however also be cut to the desired dimensions in the case of smaller sections or else

  be juxtaposed horizontally in the case of upper sections.

  The thickness of the external coating of the mixture of plaster and vermiculite is itself variable depending on the degree of resistance

fire research.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the joints between the adjoining mounting plates and / or the interstices situated between: 5 the positioning grooves and the stiffening tubes are colmated by beads of pasty consistency called "duffel bags" in staff, that is to say in a material made of plaster to mold armed with vegeta fibers

  the. These handbags are applied manually.

  According to the invention, at least one of the walls of the fire-resistant duct is generally formed by a set of mounting plates provided with positioning grooves directed vertically so that the positioning grooves of the mounting plates are located one on the other. above the others are placed in the extension of each other and equipped with vertical stiffening tubes extending

  over the entire height of a floor of the building to be protected.

  In the most frequent case, the building to be protected has several floors respectively separated by a floor comprising a reservation of dimension corresponding to the section of the duct.

  firebreak so as to allow the passage of this conduit.

  According to the invention, there are then provided members for assembling stiffening tubes situated in the extension of one another at the level of the floors traversed by the tubular element. According to a preferential characteristic of the invention adapted to such a configuration, each of the assembly members of the stiffening tubes is constituted by the association of a horizontal metal guide rail with U-shaped section with internal bending, of a metal fixing paste extending essentially perpendicular

  ment to this guide rail and a vertical metal cylinder.

  The guide rail is fixed on the floor of the building to be protected near the reservation, by its central branch and extends

  essentially parallel to the mounting plates.

  The fixing paste is provided at one of its ends or first end with a preferably oblong Ocage which allows its fixing

  tion on the rail by means of a bolt.

  As for the vertical metal cylinder, it is welded to the end of the fixing paste and to a diameter slightly smaller than that of the stiffening tubes so as to allow them to be embossed thereon. The guide rail generally receives several fixing steps, the position of which can be adjusted on the one hand longitudinally along this rail and on the other hand transversely thanks to the presence of the

s oblong drilling.

  It happens that the fire-resistant duct is mounted not in practical reservations for this purpose and therefore having dimensions corresponding to its section but in pre-existing reservations of

higher dimensions.

  In such a case, it is not possible to fix

  metal guidance on the floor near the reservation.

  It is therefore essential to provide special assembling members for vertical stiffening tubes located in

the extension of each other.

  3s According to another characteristic of the invention adapted to this configuration, these particular assembly members are also formed by the association of a horizontal metal rail with U-shaped section with internal bending, of a fixing paste. metal provided at one of its ends or first end with a bore allowing its

  attachment to the rail by means of a bolt and a metal cylinder

  that vertical welded at the second end of the fixing paste and having a diameter a little smaller than that of the stiffening tubes so as to allow them to be embeded thereon.

  However, according to this configuration, the metal rail ho

  rizontal is a support rail fixed by its extremities to handpieces-

  your metallic ones fixed to the floor at the edge of the reservation. In addition the fixing paste is preferably not straight

o line but bent at right angles.

  In another particular case at least one of the walls of the fireproof duct can be attached to a wall of the building to be protected. I1

  it is then impossible to implement the mixture of plaster and vermi-

culite applied by projection.

  i5 According to the invention, this particular wall of the fire-resistant duct is produced from two sets of mounting plates with rectangular connections in a mixture of plaster and vermiculite, preferably similar, fixed against each other at using fire resistant glue. o More precisely, the annex mounting plates of the first assembly, mounted side by side, cover the wall and one of the main faces of these plates or first main face is located opposite

of it.

  The annex mounting plates of the second assembly are mounted side by side against the annex mounting plates

  of the first set so as to cover it. The second main side

  blades of the annex mounting plates of the first wind assembly

  tightly glued against a first main face of the annex mounting plates of the second set located opposite by means of the

fire resistant glue.

  The annex mounting plates of the second assembly are preferably offset with respect to the annex mounting plates of the

first set.

  According to a preferred characteristic of the invention, the s5 annex mounting plates of the first wind assembly held against the wall at their edges by a series of horizontal metal fixing rails with U-shaped section with external bending, fixed to the wall by their central branch and spaces from a distance correspond

  to the dimensions of these additional mounting plates.

  These fixing rails which preferably are fitted with fireproof stuffing, in particular rock wool at their internal part

  s can be fixed to the wall.

  It should be noted that the annex mounting plates which are produced in the same material as the main mounting plates

  generally have the same dimensions as these but a thick-

  its lesser equal, for example, to about 20 mm.

  These ancillary mounting plates can advantageously also include a smooth face and a face fitted with a series of positioning grooves similar to the positioning grooves equi pant the main mounting plates. In this case, the main faces of the annex mounting plates of the first set and of the second set provided with wind positioning grooves respectively located opposite one another and assembled by means of fire-resistant glue so that this glue fills the grooves of the position. Taking into account the aforementioned configuration, the mounting o of the fire-break conduit in accordance with the invention can be carried out in a very simple manner, by the succession of the following steps: - mounting of the member s as an assembly of stiffening tubes, - installation of these tubes by simple embotation on the vertical metal cylinders, s - installation of mounting plates by embedding in the stiffening tubes, - application of the outside duffel on the tubes and on each plate joint, and

  - application by spraying the mixture of plaster and vermiculite.

  The characteristics of the fire barrier which forms the object and of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the appended drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fire barrier mounted in a reservation specially practical for this purpose, - Figure 2 is a variant of Figure 1, - Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a fire-rated duct mounted in a pre-existing reservation, - Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a fire-rated duct against a wall, - Figure 5 is a detail view showing the junction of two mounting plates, - Figure 6 is a sectional view of Figure 1 along axis VI VI, - Figure 7 is a sectional view of Figure 4 along axis VII VII, - Figure 9 shows the detail A of Figure 1, - Figure 1O shows the detail B of the figure 3

  - Figure 11 shows detail C of Figure 3.

  o According to FIG. 1, the fire-resistant duct is constituted by a vertical tubular element 1 of rectangular section, the four wind walls of which are formed by a set of rectangular mounting plates 2 juxtaposed at their edges 3, as shown in the figures and 8. Each of the mounting plates 2 is produced in a mixture of plaster and vermiculite and has two main faces as it sees an internal face 2 smooth and an external face 22 equipped with a series of positioning grooves 4 of section essentially semi circular

regularly spaces.

  In the configuration represented in FIG. 1, the positioning grooves 4 of all the mounting plates are vertically oriented, while in the configuration represented in FIG. 2 the positioning grooves 4 of its mounting plates 2 are constitutive. s of two of the walls of the windbreaker duct directed vertically while the positioning grooves of the mounting plates 2 'constituting the other two walls of the windbreaker conduit directed horizontally. This rear configuration basically adapts to

  fire protection ducts 1 of small section.

  According to Figures 1, 2 and 5, stiffening tubes 5 vent

  slots in certain positioning grooves 4.

  According to the configuration examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cross section of the fire protection duct 1 corresponds to the dimensions

a single mounting plate 2.

  In the example of configuration shown in FIG. 1, the mounting plates 2 constituting two opposite walls of the fire-break 1 wind pipe fitted on their external main face 2 with two stiffening tubes 5, namely a middle stiffening tube and

  two lateral stiffening tubes.

  In the example of configuration shown in FIG. 2, the fire-break duct 1 has a lower section and the presence of two lateral stiffening tubes 5 is sufficient so that one can give up

  the presence of a median stiffening tube.

  According to the example of configuration shown in FIG. 5, the fire-break duct 1 has a cross-section greater than the dimensions of the mounting plates 2. Two stiffening tubes 5 are then respectively installed in the positioning grooves 4 located on the side

  and on the other side of the joint 6 between two adjoining mounting plates 2.

  According to FIGS. 5 and 8, the seals 6 between the adjoining mounting plates and the interstices 7 situated between the positioning grooves 4 and the stiffening tubes 5 are colmated by polo shirts

it is staff 8.

  According to Figures 1, 2 and 8, the fire break pipe 1 is coated externally with a mixture of plaster and vermiculite 9 applied by projection. According to FIGS. 6 and 9, the fire-break duct 1 is fitted to a building with several floors respectively separated by a floor 1O comprising a reservation 11 of dimension corresponding to its section

so as to allow its passage.

  According to Figure 6, the positioning grooves 4 of the pla

  mounting holes 2 vertically directed.

  2s In addition, the positioning grooves 4 of the mounting plates 2 located one above the other wind placed in the extension of each other and some of these grooves 4 wind equipped with vertical stiffening tubes 5 extending over the total of

the height of a floor of the building.

  At each of the floors 1 O traversed by the fire stop 1, the stiffening tubes 5 5 'located in the extension of each other are fixed to each other by members

assembly 12.

  According to FIGS. 6 and 9, the assembly members 12 of the 3 stiffening tubes 5 5 ′ located in the extension of each other comprise a horizontal metal guide rail 13 with a shaped section

of internal double bend 14.

  This guide rail 13 is fixed on the floor 10 to the right of the reservation 11 by its central branch 15 and extends essentially

  parallel to the plane of the mounting plates 2.

  According to FIG. 9, metallic fixing pastes 16 com carry an oblong Ocage 18 at a first of their ends 17 vent

  fixed to the guide rail 13 by means of a bolt 19.

  The fixing brackets 16 are further equipped with their own

  end cap 20 opposite their first end 17 of a solid vertical metal cylinder 21 having a diameter a little less than the diameter of the inner tube of the stiffening tubes 5. The stiffening tubes 5 5 'located in the extension of each other wind so shoes of

on either side of this cylinder 21.

  As shown in FIG. 9, an increased thickness of coating 9 made of a mixture of plaster and vermiculite makes it possible to guarantee sealing at this level. According to FIGS. 3, 10 and 11, the fire-break conduit 1 is mounted in a pre-existing reservation 11 of dimension greater than its section at the level of one of its walls. It is therefore not possible to fix at this level guide rails 13 on the floor 10 of each

  o floor as shown in Figures 6 and 9.

  These guide rails 13 are replaced by top rails

  horizontal ports 22 fixed at their ends to metallic retaining pieces 23 shown diagrammatically in FIG. 11 which are themselves fixed to the floor 10 at the edges of the reservation,

  in a way not shown in the figures.

  According to FIG. 10, the support rail 22 has a U-shaped section with double internal bending similar to the section of the guide rails.

  13 shown in Figures 6 and 9.

  Metal fixing strips bent at a right angle 24 vent fixed to the support rail 22 by means of bolts 25 by one of their

  ends, and carry at their opposite end a metallic cylinder

  tical 26 soda on them. Cylinder 26 is similar to cylinder 21

equipping the fixing brackets 16.

  The 5 5 'stiffening tubes located in the extension

  each other can thus be fitted onto the cylinders 26.

  A coating 9 produced in a mixture of plaster and vermicu-

  lite surrounds the support rail 22 the elbow fixing paste 24 and the face ex-

dull mounting plates 2.

  According to FIG. 4, one of the walls of the fire stop duct 1

is against a wall 27.

  This wall is constituted by two sets of rectangular annex mounting plates 28, 29 produced in a mixture of plaster and vermiculite similar to the constituent mixture of the plates

mounting 2.

  According to FIG. 7, the annex mounting plates 28 of the first set and the annex mounting plates 29 of the second seem to have a smooth face 30 and a face 31 equipped with positioning grooves or similar to the positioning grooves 4 of the plates.

mounting questions 2.

  Annex mounting plates 28 of the first set

  wind mounted side by side against the wall 27 so as to cover it.

  The smooth face 30 of these plates is located opposite the wall 27 while the face 31 fitted with positioning grooves is

directed to the outside.

  These annex mounting plates 28 are held against the wall 27 at their edges 34 by means of fixing rails.

  horizontal metal 32 with external bending 33.

  The fixing rails 32 are fixed to the wall 27 by their median branch 35 by means of screws and plugs 36 and are fitted with a gar

  rock wool niture 37 has their internal part.

  The annex mounting plates 29 of the second assembly are offset with respect to the annex mounting plates 28 of the first assembly and are glued against these plates by means of

fire resistant glue 38.

  The main faces 31 fitted with positioning grooves of the annex mounting plates 28 of the first set and of the annex mounting plates 29 of the second set are located in the rear yard and glued to each other, and the smooth main faces 30 of the plates mounting annexes 29 of the second wind assembly facing outwards.

Claims (6)

  1) Fire protection or smoke extraction duct for a building a   protect, in particular from a multi-storey building, extending   substantially over the entire height of this building is characterized in that   it is constituted by a vertical tubular element (1) of rectangular section   milk of which at least two wind walls formed by a set of rectangular mounting plates (2) in a mixture of plaster and vermiculite juxtaposed at their edges (3), this set being stiffened by o a metal frame (5) and coated externally with a mixture of   plaster and vermiculite (9) applied by projection.   2) Firestop conduit according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the mounting plates (2) has two main faces, namely a first face (2) or smooth internal face and a second face (2) or external face equipped with a series of positioning grooves (4) of essentially semi-circular section regularly spaced and directed parallel to one of the sides of the mounting plate (2), stiffening tubes (5) constitute the metal framework being lodges in at   minus some of these positioning grooves (4).   3) Firestop conduit according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterizes in that   : 5 the seals (6) between the adjoining mounting plates (2) and / or the inters-   parts (7) located between the positioning grooves (4) and the cooling tubes   gidification (5) colmated by staff duffel bags (8).   4) Firestop conduit according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterizes in that   at least one of the walls of the tubular element (1) is formed by a   seems mounting plates (2) provided with positioning grooves (4) directed vertically, the positioning grooves (4) of the mounting plates (2) located one above the other being placed in   the extension of each other and being equipped with stiffening tubes   vertical cation (5) extending over the entire height of a storey building to protect.    ) Fire-resistant duct according to claim 4, equipping a building with several floors respectively separated by a floor (10) comprising a reservation (11) allowing the passage of the tubular element (1), of dimension corresponding to that of this element , s characterized in that it comprises assembly members (12) of stiffening tubes (5 5 ') located in the extension of each other at the floors   (10) crosspieces by the tubular element (1).   io 6) Firestop conduit according to claim 5, characterized in that each of the assembly members (12) of the stiffening tubes (5) com carries: - a horizontal metal guide rail (13) with cross section A fixed internal bend on the floor (10) near the reservation (1 1) by its central branch (15) and extending essentially parallel to the mounting plates, - a metal fixing paste (16) provided with one of its ends (17) or first end of a preferably oblong perage (18) for putting its fixing in the rail (13) by means of a bolt (19) and extending essentially perpendicular thereto ci, and - a vertical metal cylinder (21) welded at the second end (20) of the fixing paste (16), and having a diameter a little smaller than that of the stiffening tubes (5) so as to allow them to be embed on 2s this one.   7) Firestop conduit according to any one of claims 1 to 6,   at least one wall of which is mounted against a wall (27), characterized in that this wall comprises: - a first set of rectangular annex mounting plates (28) made of a mixture of plaster and vermiculite mounted side by side against the wall (27) so as to cover it, one of the main faces (30) of these plates or first main face being located opposite 3s of the wall (27), - a series of horizontal metal fixing rails (32) with section U-shaped external bending (33) fixed to the wall (27) by their central branch (35) and spaces of a distance correspond to the dimensions of the mounting mounting plates (28) of the first set so as to allow the maintenance of these plates (28) against the wall (27) at their edges (34), these fixing rails (32) being equipped with a fire-resistant padding, in particular in rock wool (37) at their internal part , s and - a second set of rectangular annex mounting plates (29) in a mixture of plaster and vermic ulite preferably similar to the annex mounting plates (28) of the first set, these annex mounting plates (29) being mounted side by side against the annex mounting plates of the first set (29) so as to cover them, and one of the main faces (31) of these plates or first main face being glued against the second main face (31) of the additional mounting plates (28) of the first set located in re   guard with a fire resistant adhesive (38).   8) Firestop conduit according to any one of claims 5 to 7,   equipping a building with several floors respectively separated by a floor (1O) and mounted in pre-existing reservations (11) of higher dimension at at least one of its walls, characterized in that the external faces (22) of the plates mounting (2) of this wind wall equipped with vertical stiffening tubes (5) located in the extension of each other and connected to each other by assembly members each comprising:: 5 - a horizontal metal support rail (22) with U-shaped cross-section with internal bending fixed at its ends to metal support pieces (23) themselves fixed to the floor (1O) at the edges of the reservation, - a metal fixing paste ( 24) preferably bent at a right angle provided at one of its ends or first end with a bore allowing its fixing on the rail by means of a bolt (25), and - a vertical metal cylinder (26) welded to the second end of the fixing paste ( 24) and having a diameter a little smaller than that of the stiffening tubes (5) so as to allow them to be swagged on this