DE29610771U1 - chimney - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION CHIMNEY

The invention relates to a chimney with at least one shell surrounding an exhaust pipe made of casing stones arranged one above the other, at least some of which are designed with a rigid reinforcement made of reinforcement elements that are passed through through-openings in the casing stone in the longitudinal direction of the chimney and are essentially fixed at their ends by bracing devices relative to the casing stones.

Such a, at least partially, rigid design of a chimney is known from practice. It should be noted that the rigid design can also be provided only or additionally for the chimney head. Such a chimney is usually designed with one or more shells, whereby the rigid reinforcement can be provided in the outer shell, for example in the case of a multi-shell chimney.

The shells surround a fireclay inner pipe, which is used as an air exhaust pipe in air-exhaust systems and exhaust pipes in fireplaces, especially with overpressure operation. The fireclay inner pipe and shells are usually installed at the same time when the chimney is being built, with the rigid reinforcement being built into the corresponding casing bricks over the entire length of the chimney or in one or more areas of the chimney.

In the chimney known from practice, corresponding reinforcement elements of the rigid reinforcement are passed through through openings in the casing stones and fixed at their ends by bracing devices relative to the casing stones. The bracing devices comprise a base plate and a head plate, which are fixed at both the lower and

upper end of the reinforcement can be arranged as an additional component between two casing stones. A number of nuts are usually fixed to the base plate, into which the lower ends of the reinforcement elements can be screwed. In order to ensure that the nuts are assigned, notches are provided in the corner areas of the casing stone placed on the base plate, which must be closed with mortar after the reinforcement has been installed. Corresponding notches on the outside of the corner area of the casing stones must also be provided on the casing stones, in the area of which two individual elements of a reinforcement element composed of several individual elements must be connected to one another. These notches must also be closed with mortar after the reinforcement or the chimney has been installed.

The head plate at the upper end of the reinforcement elements or reinforcement is also a separate component, through which the reinforcement elements at the upper end of the reinforcement are fixed relative to the casing stones using nuts that are screwed on. A casing stone placed on the head plate must in turn have corresponding notches in the area of the nuts, which must be closed with mortar after the reinforcement has been installed.

The disadvantage of the chimney known from practice is that additional plates have to be arranged between the casing stones and relatively large notches have to be provided at the sides in the corner areas of the casing stones, which have to be subsequently closed with mortar, for example. This makes it difficult to build a chimney with rigid reinforcement, which makes the construction relatively costly and time-consuming.

The invention is therefore based on the object of improving a chimney with the features of the preamble of claim 1 so that it can be constructed more easily and quickly.

This task is solved by the fact that in a chimney of the type mentioned above, the passage openings at the ends

the reinforcement elements are at least partially surrounded by recesses formed in the support sides of the casing stones, into which the bracing devices can be inserted at least partially in a form-fitting manner.

According to the invention, such recesses are only to be provided in the support sides, which are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the reinforcement. Such recesses are usually arranged in the casing stones at the factory and, in contrast to the previously known notches, are only open in the direction of the next adjacent casing stone. Furthermore, the dimensions of the recesses are so small that at least the part of the bracing devices with the largest dimensions can be inserted into the recess in a form-fitting manner. When assembling the chimney and reinforcement, only the remaining part of the recess, which is open in the direction of the next casing stone, needs to be closed with mortar or the like.

As a rule, the reinforcement elements are rod-shaped and the bracing of the reinforcement elements relative to the casing stones is achieved by a thread being formed at both ends of the reinforcement element and the bracing device being formed by base and head screw connections.

The casing stones can be hollow-cylindrical, cuboid-shaped or similar. With cuboid-shaped casing stones, it is advantageous if the through-openings and recesses are arranged in the corner areas of the casing stones. The material thickness there is usually greater than in the side surfaces of the casing stones.

In order to ensure sufficient flexural rigidity, corresponding reinforcement elements are inserted through through holes in all four corner areas, whereby the recesses are arranged analogously in all four corner areas at least in the casing stones that accommodate the base and head screw connections.

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The positive insertion of the base screw connection into the recess of the casing stone can be carried out in such a way that at least this base screw connection is arranged in the corresponding recess in a torsion-proof manner.

According to the invention, the use of base and head plates as additional components between adjacent casing stones is not necessary. Instead, the base screw connection is made up of an upper part and a lower part, at least one of which is arranged in a form-fitting manner in the associated recess. The base screw connection can be inserted into each recess in the four corner areas in such a way that it is arranged flush with the support side or countersunk in the recess.

Preferably, the upper part for insertion into the through-opening and the lower part for insertion into the recess are each designed to be complementary to these.

In a simple embodiment, the through-openings have a circular cross-section, so that the upper part is preferably cylindrical. The recess can be designed concentrically to the through-opening, whereby it has an angular, preferably square outline for the positive and torsion-proof reception of the lower part of the basic screw connection.

In this way, the basic screw connection can be easily and safely inserted into the through hole and recess of the corresponding casing stone at the chimney construction site, for example by hammering it in.

A simple basic screw connection is characterized by the fact that the upper and lower parts are formed as one piece by an injection molded part. This is preferably made from a heat-resistant material such as polyamide. However, the basic screw connection can also be made from metal with the same structure.

To prevent the base screw connection from falling out when handling the corresponding casing stone, projections can protrude from the outside of the upper part, through which the upper part can be wedged in the through hole.

In a preferred embodiment, the projections are formed by slats that run essentially in the longitudinal direction of the upper part and protrude radially from it. The arrangement of two or more slats that are essentially equally spaced in the circumferential direction of the upper part is advantageous.

In this context, it is also advantageous if the height of the projections increases towards the lower part, which makes it easier to press the base screw connection into the through hole and the associated recess.

In order to hold the lower part firmly in the recess when screwing it to the reinforcement element, which is designed as a threaded rod, for example, the lower part is preferably designed with a thread. This can be implemented in the form of a self-locking nut embedded in the lower part. This is intended to prevent the threaded rod from turning beyond the length of the nut.

In order to guide the threaded rods through a number of casing stones and at the same time to connect them securely and without jamming to the base screw connection, the upper part is designed with an inner cone that tapers towards the lower part. This centers the inserted end of the threaded rod in relation to the thread in the lower part.

According to the invention, the head screw connection can also dispense with a corresponding head plate, with the head screw connection comprising at least one locking washer and one nut. These can be inserted into the corresponding recess in the casing stone assigned to the upper end of the reinforcement.

In order to distribute the forces exerted during the clamping movement more evenly, it is also advantageous if the head screw connection comprises at least one load distribution plate that can be inserted into the associated recess in a form-fitting manner and is complementary to it.

Depending on the length of the rigid chimney or chimney section, the reinforcement element is made up of several threaded rods that can be connected to one another. It is advantageous if the threaded rods are screwed together using a connecting sleeve. This can be easily screwed onto, for example, a lower threaded rod and another threaded rod can be screwed into the already screwed-on connecting sleeve. A separate external notch in the corner areas of the casing stone located at the connection point of the threaded rods is no longer necessary.

In order to prevent the lower threaded rod from being screwed too far onto the connection sleeve or the upper threaded rod from being screwed too far into the connection sleeve, the latter advantageously has a screw stop essentially in the middle up to which the respective threaded rods can be screwed in.

After complete or partial completion of the chimney or chimney section with the rigid reinforcement, through openings and/or recesses with inserted reinforcement can be filled with a casting material.

The casing stones are preferably made of lightweight concrete, with the through holes and recesses already being made during the manufacture of the casing stone.

The reinforcement elements or threaded rods are preferably made of metal and, like the head screw connection, are usually galvanized.

In the following, an advantageous embodiment of the invention is explained and described in more detail with reference to the figures attached to the drawing.

Show it:

Figure 1 is an exploded view of a rigid chimney section;

Figure 2 shows a mantle stone from Figure 1 rotated by 180°;

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a basic screw connection;

Figure 4 is a section along IV-IV of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is an exploded view of a head screw connection;

Figure 6 is a section along the line VI-VI of Figure 1, and

Figure 7 shows a basic vertical section through two mantle stones arranged one above the other.

Figure 1 shows an exploded view of a chimney 1 in the area of a chimney head. This is formed from a number of casing bricks 4 arranged one above the other, a support plate 37, a cover plate 35 and a cover hood 36. A fireclay pipe 2 contained in the casing bricks 4 as an outer shell is indicated in principle in the uppermost casing brick 4.

The casing stones are essentially cuboid-shaped and have an inner square pipe space for receiving the fireclay pipe 2 and in the four corner areas 18 through openings 12 which extend in the longitudinal direction 6 of the chimney 1.

Corresponding through openings 12 are also formed in the cantilever plate 3 7.

Threaded rods 30 are passed through the through openings 12 of the casing stones 4 and the cantilever plate 37 as reinforcement elements 11 of a rigid reinforcement 5. In the embodiment according to Figure 1, a reinforcement element 11 composed of two threaded rods 30 is arranged in each corner area of the chimney 1. The two threaded rods 30 are screwed together by means of a connecting sleeve 31.

According to Figure 1, the reinforcement 5 extends from the uppermost to the completely shown lowest casing stone 4. An upper end 7 of the reinforcement is visible on the upper support side 13 of the uppermost casing stone 4. A corresponding lower end 8 of the reinforcement 5 is arranged at the lower end of the lowest casing stone 4.

In order to brace the reinforcement 5 relative to the casing stones 4, bracing devices are provided at their ends 7, 8, of which the upper bracing device 9 is formed by a head screw connection 17.

In Figure 2, the lowest complete mantle stone 4 is shown rotated by 18 0° according to Figure 1.

In the casing stone 4 shown in Figure 2 as well as in the uppermost casing stone 4 according to Figure 1, the through openings 12 are surrounded by a recess 14 at their ends arranged in the respective support side 13. In the embodiment shown, this has a square shape. Such a recess 14 is arranged in each of the corner areas 18 on the support side 13.

Lower clamping devices 10 designed as basic screw connections 16 can be inserted into the recesses 14. These are shown spaced apart in Figure 2 and above the recesses 14.

Figure 3 shows an enlarged view of such a basic screw connection according to Figure 2. This is made from an injection molded part with a cylindrical upper part 19 and a square lower part 20. The cylindrical upper part 19 has an outer diameter that corresponds to the inner diameter of the through openings 12, see Figure 1. The lower part 20 is designed to be complementary to the recesses 14 so that it can be inserted into them in a form-fitting manner.

If the base screw connection 16 is inserted into a through-opening 12 with an end recess 14, the lower part 2 0 is flush with the support side 13 of the casing stone 4 or is recessed in the recess 14.

On the outside of the upper part 19, four slats 22 protrude as projections 21, three of which are visible. The slats extend radially outward from the upper part 19 and towards the lower part 20 with increasing height 23. The protruding slats 22 allow the base screw connection 16 to be wedged into the corresponding through-opening.

Figure 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV from Figure 3. An inner cone 26 running in the direction of the lower part 20 is formed in the upper part 19. This guides a threaded rod 30, see Figure 1, introduced from the upper end of the base screw connection 16, precisely to a nut 25 with thread 24 embedded in the lower part 20. The nut 25 is self-locking and prevents the threaded rod from turning beyond the height of the nut.

In Figure 5, a head screw connection 17 according to Figure 1 is shown enlarged and exploded as the upper bracing device 9. This is formed by a square load distribution plate 29, a locking washer 27 and a nut 28. The square load distribution plate 29 can be inserted in a form-fitting and twist-proof manner into the recess in the support side 13 of the uppermost casing stone 4 according to Figure 1.

Figure 6 shows a section along the line VI-VI from Figure 1.

Two threaded rods 30 of a reinforcement element II arranged in a corner area of the chimney are connected to one another by means of a cylindrical connecting sleeve 31. The connecting sleeve has an internal thread into which the corresponding ends of the threaded rods 30 can be screwed. A screw stop is formed in the middle of the connecting sleeve by a mandrel.

Figure 7 shows a vertical section through corner areas of two casing stones 4 arranged one above the other. The through opening 12 extends vertically through this corner area 18, whereby the through openings of casing stones 4 arranged one above the other are aligned with one another. A threaded rod 30 is arranged within the through opening 12, which protrudes from a recess 14 surrounding the through opening 12 at the upper end.

To secure the casing stones to one another and to secure the threaded rod, a casting material 33 or 38 can be poured between the casing stones or into the through-opening 12. This is preferably made of mortar.

The following briefly describes the assembly of a chimney with rigid reinforcement according to the invention. The casing bricks provided with recesses around the passage opening are referred to as special bricks and the casing bricks provided only with passage openings are referred to as normal bricks.

A single-layer or multi-layer chimney is installed as shown in Figure 1 by simultaneously raising fireclay inner pipes and casing bricks. If a rigid connection is planned along the chimney, a special brick is used as the next casing brick under the intended clamping point (ceiling, roof penetration).

The special stone, see Figure 2, is placed with its recesses facing upwards. Then a base screw connection 16 is driven into the through hole and the square recess, with the square lower part 2 0 aligned with the recess. The special stone is then turned by 180° and placed with its contact surface in a prepared mortar bed of the previous casing stone. The base screw connections are then in the mortar bed.

Then a reinforcement threaded rod 30 is pushed through each of the through holes 12, fed to the self-locking nut 25 using the inner cone 26 and screwed in. The next casing stone, a normal stone, is put over the threaded rods 30 in the four corner areas 18 and placed in a prepared mortar bed on the lower special stone.

In sections after one or two bricked-in casing stones, the remaining cavities of the reinforced through holes 12 can be filled with a grouting mortar as a grouting material 3 3. The threaded rods are aligned centrally to the through holes 12.

If an extension of the threaded rods 3 0 is necessary during further assembly of the chimney, this is done using connecting sleeves 31, see Figures 1 and 6.

If a chimney head is constructed and a wall is planned for it, a cantilever plate 37 with corresponding through openings 12 is placed on the threaded rods 3 0 at the corresponding point below a roof.

As the upper end of the reinforcement, another special stone with recesses 14 pointing upwards is placed on the threaded rods 3 0 as the last casing stone and mortared on its lower support side. The remaining cavities in the reinforced through-holes 12 can be filled again with grout. Then the head screw connections 17 made of load distribution plate 29, locking washer 27 and nut 28 are pushed on or screwed on. Flush with the

On the upper support side 13 of the special stone, the protruding threaded rods 3 0 are sawn off and then the nuts 28 are tightened.

A cover plate 3 5 is then mortared onto the upper casing stone 4 in Figure 1 and a cover hood 3 6 with, if necessary, an additional cover plate is arranged.

Claims (20)

EXPECTATIONS 1. Chimney (1) with at least one shell (3) surrounding an exhaust pipe (2) made of casing stones (4) arranged one above the other, at least some of which are formed with a rigid reinforcement (5) made of reinforcement elements (11) which are passed through through openings (12) in the casing stone (4) in the longitudinal direction (6) of the chimney and are essentially fixed at their ends (7, 8) by bracing devices (9, 10) relative to the casing stones, characterized/ that the through openings (12) at the ends of the reinforcement elements (11) are at least partially surrounded by recesses (14) formed in the support sides (13) of the casing stones (4), into which the bracing devices (9, 10) can be inserted at least partially in a form-fitting manner. 2. Chimney according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcement elements (11) are rod-shaped, characterized, that a thread (15) is formed at both ends (7, 8) of the reinforcement elements (11) and the bracing devices (9, 10) are formed by base and head screw connections (16, 17). 3. Chimney according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the casing stones (4) are substantially cuboid-shaped, characterized in that that through openings (12) and recesses (14) are arranged in corner areas (18) of the casing stones (4). 4. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized, that recesses (14) are arranged in all four corner areas (18) at least in the casing stones (4) receiving the base and head screw connections (16, 17). · · 5. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized/ that the base screw connection (6) is arranged in the corresponding recess (14) in a torsion-proof manner. 6. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized/ that the basic screw connection (16) is formed from an upper part (19) and a lower part (20), at least one of which is arranged in a form-fitting manner in the associated recess (14). 7. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized/ that the upper part (19) for insertion into the through opening (12) and the lower part (20) for insertion into the recess (14) are each designed to be complementary to these. 8. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized/ that the upper part (19) is cylindrical and the lower part (29) has an angular, preferably square, outline. 9. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized/ that the upper part (19) and the lower part (20) are formed in one piece by an injection molded part. 10. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized/ that projections (21) protrude from the outside of the upper part (19) to wedge the base screw connection (16). 11. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the projections (21) are formed by radially projecting slats (22) extending essentially in the longitudinal direction (34) of the upper part (19). 12. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the height (23) of the projections (21) in the direction of the lower part (29) increases. 13. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized, that in the lower part (20) for screwing a reinforcement element (11) a thread (24) is formed. 14. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized, that a self-locking nut (25) is embedded in the lower part (20). 15. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the upper part (19) is formed with an inner cone (26) tapering towards the lower part (20). 16. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the head screw connection (17) comprises at least one locking washer (27) and one nut (28). 17. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the head screw connection (17) comprises at least one load distribution plate (29) which can be inserted in a form-fitting manner into the associated recess (14) and is designed to be essentially complementary to the latter. 18. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein a reinforcement element (11) is composed of interconnectable threaded rods (30), characterized in that that the threaded rods (30) are screwed together by means of a connecting sleeve (31). 19. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the connecting sleeve (31) has a screw stop (32) essentially in the middle. 20. Chimney according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized, that through-openings (12) and/or recesses (14) with inserted reinforcement (5) can be filled with a casting material (33).