FR2829516A1 - Insulation wall system for new building exterior comprises concrete facing plates, insulating panels and interior concrete block walls - Google Patents
Insulation wall system for new building exterior comprises concrete facing plates, insulating panels and interior concrete block walls Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2829516A1 FR2829516A1 FR0111772A FR0111772A FR2829516A1 FR 2829516 A1 FR2829516 A1 FR 2829516A1 FR 0111772 A FR0111772 A FR 0111772A FR 0111772 A FR0111772 A FR 0111772A FR 2829516 A1 FR2829516 A1 FR 2829516A1
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- France
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- plates
- wall system
- concrete
- insulating panels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
- E04B2/90—Curtain walls comprising panels directly attached to the structure
- E04B2/94—Concrete panels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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La présente invention concerne un nouveau système mural à isolation par l'extérieur pour façades de bâtiments neufs, ensemble compact comprenant peau extérieure en plaques (1) minces non portantes de grandes dimensions, préfabriquées en béton autoplaçant, renforcées par des potelets (4) métalliques de bardage semi-insérés dans le béton, à parement architectonique lisse ou à reliefs structurés et à joints étanches à l'air et à la pluie, panneaux isolants (2) peu compressibles avec pare-vapeur et mur intérieur (3) en béton banché
Plaques (1) et panneaux isolants (2) forment un mur-manteau protégeant le mur intérieur (3) contre intempéries et variations de température extérieure. The present invention relates to a new exterior-insulated wall system for facades of new buildings, a compact assembly comprising outer skin made of thin non-load-bearing large plates (1), prefabricated in self-compacting concrete, reinforced by metal posts (4). of cladding semi-inserted in concrete, with smooth architectural facing or with structured reliefs and airtight and rainproof joints, insulating panels (2) not very compressible with vapor barrier and interior wall (3) in sheet concrete
Plates (1) and insulating panels (2) form a wall-coat protecting the interior wall (3) against bad weather and variations in outside temperature.
La figure 1 montre les principaux composants du système selon l'invention : Plaques (1) formant peau extérieure, panneaux isolants (2), mur intérieur (3), potelets de bardage (4), structure principale (5), bandes d'étanchéité (6), vides de décompression (7), bavette d'étanchéité (8), éclisse (9) et rail de fixation (10). Figure 1 shows the main components of the system according to the invention: Plates (1) forming an outer skin, insulating panels (2), interior wall (3), cladding posts (4), main structure (5), strips of sealing (6), pressure relief voids (7), sealing flap (8), splint (9) and fixing rail (10).
Le découpage des plaques (1) peut prendre diverses formes selon conception architecturale : Panneau-baie, allège, trumeau, allège-trumeau, etc. The cutting of the plates (1) can take various forms depending on architectural design: Bay-window, sill, pier, pier, etc.
Comme indiqué dans la figure 2 montrant une plaque découpée en panneau-baie, les plaques (1) peuvent, du fait de leurs grandes dimensions, comporter des parements en béton lisse alternant avec des parements à reliefs structurés utilisant des matrices de coffrage disposées en fond de moule, ce qui introduit une nouveauté, comparées aux systèmes similaires existants, constitués uniquement de plaques de petites dimensions impropres à l'utilisation de béton à reliefs structurés. As shown in Figure 2 showing a plate cut into a bay panel, the plates (1) may, due to their large dimensions, include smooth concrete facings alternating with structured relief facings using formwork matrices arranged at the bottom mold, which introduces a novelty, compared to existing similar systems, consisting only of small plates unsuitable for the use of concrete with structured reliefs.
Un exemple de plaques en allège et en trumeau est illustré dans les figures 3 et 4 : Coupe verticale d'une plaque en allège U en figure 3 et coupe horizontale de plaques en allège 1 A et en trumeau 1 T en figures 4a et 4b. An example of planks in spandrel and trumeau is illustrated in Figures 3 and 4: Vertical section of a plank in spandrel U in Figure 3 and horizontal section of planks in spandrel 1 A and in pier 1T in Figures 4a and 4b.
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Le concept de mur-manteau est apparu en 1990 pour illustrer les avantages qu'offrent les techniques de construction d'isolation thermique des façades par l'extérieur, en sus de l'isolation proprement dite : Protection efficace et durable contre les principaux agents de dégradation des maçonneries, à savoir l'eau et les variations de température. On les regroupe en plusieurs familles : Bardages rapportés, vétures, vêlages, contre-murs extérieurs en brique, revêtements attachés en pierres minces, enduits minces ou hydrauliques sur isolant, etc. Ces ouvrages utilisent divers matériaux : Petites plaques en pierre reconstituée, béton architectonique, acier, aluminium, fibro-ciment, PVC, CCV, enduit mince, mortier de résine aspect pierre, brique pleine, etc. The concept of wall-coat appeared in 1990 to illustrate the advantages offered by the thermal insulation construction techniques of facades from the outside, in addition to the insulation itself: Effective and durable protection against the main agents of degradation of masonry, namely water and temperature variations. They are grouped into several families: added cladding, vétures, calvings, external brick counter-walls, attached coverings in thin stones, thin or hydraulic coatings on insulation, etc. These structures use various materials: Small plates of reconstituted stone, architectural concrete, steel, aluminum, fiber cement, PVC, CCV, thin plaster, resin mortar with stone look, solid brick, etc.
En France, les systèmes à isolation par l'extérieur ont été surtout développé dans les travaux de réhabilitation et sans l'utilisation de plaques minces non portantes en béton de grandes dimensions. En travaux neufs, celles-ci sont généralement conçues en voile mince renforcé par des nervures ne facilitant pas l'élimination des ponts thermiques au niveau des planchers. In France, systems with exterior insulation have been mainly developed in rehabilitation works and without the use of thin, non-load-bearing concrete slabs of large dimensions. In new work, these are generally designed in thin veil reinforced by ribs which do not facilitate the elimination of thermal bridges at the level of the floors.
Comme indiqué les figures 1 à 6, le système mural selon l'invention apporte une solution à ce problème en remplaçant les nervures en béton par des potelets de bardage (4) en acier galvanisé qui, associés à la plaque en béton agissent comme une dalle mixte béton-acier. Constitués en profilés à froid de section en U, les potelets de bardage (4) servent également au démoulage, au levage et à l'assemblage à la structure principale (5). As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the wall system according to the invention provides a solution to this problem by replacing the concrete ribs by cladding posts (4) in galvanized steel which, associated with the concrete plate act as a slab mixed concrete-steel. Made up of U-shaped cold sections, the cladding posts (4) are also used for demolding, lifting and assembling to the main structure (5).
Par ailleurs, les systèmes de murs manteaux existants utilisent des plaques d'épaisseur insuffisante pour y ménager un dispositif d'étanchéité des joints efficace. Pour tenter de pallier cet inconvénient, on a ménagé un vide d'air ventilé entre isolant thermique et peau extérieure, destiné, en principe, à Furthermore, existing mantle wall systems use plates of insufficient thickness to provide an effective joint sealing device. To try to overcome this drawback, a ventilated air space has been created between the thermal insulator and the outer skin, intended, in principle, to
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préserver l'isolant thermique des dommages occasionnés par l'eau de pluie pénétrant infailliblement à travers des joints entre plaques non étanches. protect the thermal insulation from damage caused by rainwater infallibly penetrating through joints between leaky plates.
Les années passant ont cependant montré que cette disposition n'a nullement permis d'atteindre cet objectif. En effet, de nombreux cas de vieillissement prématuré, voire de détérioration de l'isolant, ont pu être constatés en raison principalement de l'humidité et des variations de température auquel celui-ci est soumis en permanence. En outre, l'eau d'imprégnation a eu pour conséquence de réduire considérablement les qualités thermiques de l'isolant. The passing years have however shown that this provision has in no way achieved this objective. Indeed, many cases of premature aging, or even deterioration of the insulation, have been observed mainly due to humidity and temperature variations to which it is permanently subjected. In addition, the impregnation water had the consequence of considerably reducing the thermal qualities of the insulation.
Le mur-manteau selon l'invention apporte une solution à ce problème en utilisant une peau extérieure en plaques de béton relativement plus épaisse, permettant ainsi d'adopter un certain nombre de dispositions assurant sa parfaite étanchéité à l'air et à la pluie, comme illustré dans les figures 1 à 4 : Plaques (1) de 7 cm d'épaisseur minimale et dotées de rejingots et de becquets, bandes d'étanchéité (6) pré-comprimées disposées le long des joints horizontaux et verticaux, vides de décompression (7) le long des joints verticaux et bavettes d'étanchéité (8) à cheval sur les joints verticaux. The wall-mantle according to the invention provides a solution to this problem by using an outer skin made of relatively thicker concrete slabs, thus making it possible to adopt a certain number of arrangements ensuring its perfect airtightness and rain tightness, as illustrated in figures 1 to 4: Plates (1) of 7 cm minimum thickness and provided with rejingots and spoilers, pre-compressed sealing strips (6) arranged along the horizontal and vertical joints, empty of decompression (7) along the vertical joints and sealing flaps (8) straddling the vertical joints.
Les figures 5 et 6 montrent le dispositif de fixation réglable, respectivement à un niveau intermédiaire et à un niveau d'étage, caractérisé en ce qu'il utilise éclisse (9), rail (10), trous ronds de vis autotaraudeuse (11), trou oblong simple de vis autotaraudeuse (12) et trous oblongs croisés (13), boulon (14) d'assemblage de l'éclisse (9) au rail (10), boulons (15) de liaison entre éclisse (9) et potelets (4) et vis autotaraudeuses (16). Un tel dispositif permet d'assurer à la fois la stabilité des plaques (1), et la libre dilatation de celles-ci sous l'effet des variations de température et de l'humidité. Cette dilatation peut s'effectuer horizontalement par déplacement du boulon (14) coulissant à l'intérieur du rail (10) et verticalement grâce au trou oblong simple (11) Figures 5 and 6 show the adjustable fastening device, respectively at an intermediate level and at a level of stage, characterized in that it uses splice (9), rail (10), round holes of self-tapping screw (11) , single oblong hole of the self-tapping screw (12) and crossed oblong holes (13), bolt (14) for connecting the fishplate (9) to the rail (10), bolts (15) connecting the fishplate (9) and posts (4) and self-tapping screws (16). Such a device ensures both the stability of the plates (1), and the free expansion of these under the effect of temperature and humidity variations. This expansion can be carried out horizontally by displacement of the bolt (14) sliding inside the rail (10) and vertically thanks to the simple oblong hole (11)
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ménagé dans ladite éclisse. Dans ce mouvement vertical, les potelets (4) solidaires des plaques (1) s'allongent vers le haut, leur pied demeurant fixe à l'aide d'une ou deux vis autotaraudeuses (16), selon calculs de résistance. formed in said fishplate. In this vertical movement, the posts (4) integral with the plates (1) extend upwards, their base remaining fixed with one or two self-tapping screws (16), according to resistance calculations.
On notera également que les trous (11), (12) et (13) sont répartis symétriquement le long de l'éclisse (9) afin de permettre à celle-ci de prendre diverses positions selon les dispositions constructives adoptées : d'un côté ou de l'autre des potelets de bardage qui, eux-mêmes, sont disposés symétriquement le long des plaques, fixation au rail par le trou inférieur comme indiqué dans la figure 5 ou par le trou central comme dans la figure 6. It will also be noted that the holes (11), (12) and (13) are distributed symmetrically along the splint (9) in order to allow it to take various positions according to the constructive arrangements adopted: on one side or the other of the cladding posts which, themselves, are arranged symmetrically along the plates, fixed to the rail by the lower hole as indicated in FIG. 5 or by the central hole as in FIG. 6.
En outre, ce même dispositif permet, comme illustré dans les figures 5 et 6, de rattraper les éventuels faux-aplombs et défauts d'alignement survenant fréquemment lors de l'exécution de la structure principale
Après exécution de la structure principale (5) du bâtiment, les éléments constitutifs sont mis en oeuvre selon un ordre spécifique décrit ci-après et de telle sorte à former un ensemble compact, comme illustré dans les figures 3 et 4 montrant une coupe verticale et une coupe horizontale sur ouverture :
Montage des plaques (1)-Encollage des panneaux (2) d'isolation avec pare-vapeur-Exécution du mur intérieur (3) en blocs de béton pleins et/ou en béton banché uniquement sur une face, le coffrage de l'autre face étant assuré par les panneaux isolants (2)
Un tel mode d'exécution permet d'éviter la formation de poches d'air entre pare-vapeur et mur intérieur, source principale des désordres constatés sur les revêtements intérieurs des murs de façade. En effet, la vapeur présente dans l'air ambiant s'infiltre à travers le mur intérieur-qui n'est jamais parfaitement étanche-et se condense dans la poche d'air pour revenir, par convection, à l'intérieur du bâtiment, détériorant ainsi les revêtements intérieurs et créant des zones d'humidité inconfortables. In addition, this same device makes it possible, as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, to make up for any false plumbs and misalignments occurring frequently during the execution of the main structure.
After completion of the main structure (5) of the building, the constituent elements are implemented in a specific order described below and so as to form a compact assembly, as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 showing a vertical section and a horizontal section on opening:
Mounting of the plates (1) - Gluing of the insulation panels (2) with vapor barrier - Execution of the interior wall (3) in solid concrete blocks and / or in poured concrete only on one side, the formwork on the other face being ensured by insulating panels (2)
Such an embodiment makes it possible to avoid the formation of air pockets between the vapor barrier and the interior wall, the main source of the disorders observed on the interior coatings of the facade walls. Indeed, the vapor present in the ambient air infiltrates through the interior wall - which is never perfectly waterproof - and condenses in the air pocket to return, by convection, inside the building, thus deteriorating the interior coverings and creating uncomfortable areas of humidity.
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Comme illustré les figures 7 et 8, les plaques (1) utilisent, pour leur démoulage, leur transport et leur montage en position parfaitement verticale, un dispositif spécifique, l'un adapté aux plaques en panneau-baie, trumeau ou allège-trumeau, et l'autre aux plaques en allège, comprenant équerres de levage (17) et (18) et trous débouchants (19) ménagés en tête de potelet sur l'aile externe. Sitôt le montage effectué, on retire l'équerre en desserrant simplement ses boulons de fixation et en faisant glisser les boulons à travers les trous débouchants, l'équerre demeurant suspendue à l'élingue avec ses boulons. As illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, the plates (1) use, for their release from the mold, their transport and their mounting in a perfectly vertical position, a specific device, one adapted to the panels made of panel-bay, pier or pier pier, and the other to the spandrel plates, comprising lifting brackets (17) and (18) and through holes (19) formed at the head of the post on the outer wing. As soon as the assembly is carried out, the bracket is removed by simply loosening its fixing bolts and sliding the bolts through the through holes, the bracket remaining suspended from the sling with its bolts.
En résumé, le système mural selon l'invention permet de conjuguer qualités thermiques de l'isolation par l'extérieur et esthétique des parements de façades en béton architectonique, tout en réduisant les coûts d'utilisation à l'aide d'une protection de l'isolant thermique relativement plus efficace. In summary, the wall system according to the invention makes it possible to combine the thermal qualities of the insulation from the outside and the aesthetic appearance of facings of architectural concrete facades, while reducing the costs of use by means of a protection of relatively more efficient thermal insulation.
Le développement des murs manteaux en travaux neufs est appelé à s'accélérer en France, à la faveur de la nouvelle réglementation thermique RT200 qui impose notamment des limites à ne pas dépasser en termes de consommation d'énergie et de température atteinte en été. The development of mantle walls in new work is expected to accelerate in France, thanks to the new thermal regulation RT200 which notably imposes limits not to be exceeded in terms of energy consumption and temperature reached in summer.
Grâce à une l'isolation par l'extérieur éliminant les ponts thermiques et un mur intérieur lourd améliorant le confort d'été, le système mural selon l'invention permettra non seulement de répondre plus judicieusement à la nouvelle réglementation thermique RT2000, mais également de satisfaire davantage aux critères de coût d'utilisation, de valeur technique et d'esthétique à prendre désormais en compte dans le choix des offres, en application de l'article 53 du nouveau Code des marchés publics. Thanks to external insulation eliminating thermal bridges and a heavy interior wall improving summer comfort, the wall system according to the invention will not only make it possible to respond more judiciously to the new RT2000 thermal regulations, but also to further meet the criteria of cost of use, technical value and aesthetics to be taken into account when choosing offers, in application of article 53 of the new Public Procurement Code.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR0111772A FR2829516B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2001-09-12 | EXTERIOR INSULATED WALL SYSTEM FOR NEW BUILDINGS, INCLUDING CONCRETE SHEETS, INSULATING PANELS AND INTERIOR CONCRETE WALL |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0111772A FR2829516B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2001-09-12 | EXTERIOR INSULATED WALL SYSTEM FOR NEW BUILDINGS, INCLUDING CONCRETE SHEETS, INSULATING PANELS AND INTERIOR CONCRETE WALL |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2829516A1 true FR2829516A1 (en) | 2003-03-14 |
FR2829516B1 FR2829516B1 (en) | 2004-04-09 |
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FR0111772A Expired - Fee Related FR2829516B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2001-09-12 | EXTERIOR INSULATED WALL SYSTEM FOR NEW BUILDINGS, INCLUDING CONCRETE SHEETS, INSULATING PANELS AND INTERIOR CONCRETE WALL |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2889549A1 (en) * | 2005-08-04 | 2007-02-09 | Cherif Ouabdesselam | Exterior insulation wall system for frontage e.g. stair opening, of building, has external panels and back-up walls separated by air space and insulating panels, and adhesive strips to seal joints of panels and occlusion of air space |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1405762A (en) * | 1963-08-27 | 1965-07-09 | Wall structure for buildings | |
FR2524926A1 (en) * | 1982-04-08 | 1983-10-14 | Coeytaux Pierre | Insulating cladding for building walls - comprises assembly of concrete panels which carry thermal insulation on inner faces and incorporate fastening brackets |
FR2539168A2 (en) * | 1983-01-11 | 1984-07-13 | Indle Batiment Const | External insulating covering intended for walls or faces of buildings. |
GB2243167A (en) * | 1990-03-16 | 1991-10-23 | Dryvit Systems | Insulated building panel |
-
2001
- 2001-09-12 FR FR0111772A patent/FR2829516B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1405762A (en) * | 1963-08-27 | 1965-07-09 | Wall structure for buildings | |
FR2524926A1 (en) * | 1982-04-08 | 1983-10-14 | Coeytaux Pierre | Insulating cladding for building walls - comprises assembly of concrete panels which carry thermal insulation on inner faces and incorporate fastening brackets |
FR2539168A2 (en) * | 1983-01-11 | 1984-07-13 | Indle Batiment Const | External insulating covering intended for walls or faces of buildings. |
GB2243167A (en) * | 1990-03-16 | 1991-10-23 | Dryvit Systems | Insulated building panel |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2889549A1 (en) * | 2005-08-04 | 2007-02-09 | Cherif Ouabdesselam | Exterior insulation wall system for frontage e.g. stair opening, of building, has external panels and back-up walls separated by air space and insulating panels, and adhesive strips to seal joints of panels and occlusion of air space |
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FR2829516B1 (en) | 2004-04-09 |
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