FR2815982A3 - Cladding system for building walls uses prefabricated concrete panels reinforced by metal posts and thermal insulation inserted between cladding and wall - Google Patents

Cladding system for building walls uses prefabricated concrete panels reinforced by metal posts and thermal insulation inserted between cladding and wall Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2815982A3
FR2815982A3 FR0014088A FR0014088A FR2815982A3 FR 2815982 A3 FR2815982 A3 FR 2815982A3 FR 0014088 A FR0014088 A FR 0014088A FR 0014088 A FR0014088 A FR 0014088A FR 2815982 A3 FR2815982 A3 FR 2815982A3
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Prior art keywords
cladding
panels
posts
cladding system
thermal insulation
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Withdrawn
Application number
FR0014088A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Cherif Ouabdesselam
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to FR0014088A priority Critical patent/FR2815982A3/en
Publication of FR2815982A3 publication Critical patent/FR2815982A3/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/88—Curtain walls
    • E04B2/90—Curtain walls comprising panels directly attached to the structure
    • E04B2/94—Concrete panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/0805—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and the wall
    • E04F13/0808—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and the wall adjustable in several directions one of which is perpendicular to the wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/141—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The cladding system uses prefabricated concrete panels (1) of floor height reinforced by metal cladding posts (2). Glass wool thermal insulation (14) is inserted between the cladding and the principal wall structure (8). The facing (15) of the panels has various reliefs made by means of special formwork.

Description

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La présente invention concerne un système de bardage rapporté pour bâtiments neufs ou en rénovation, comprenant panneaux (1) non portants, préfabriqués en béton structuré, monolithes, de hauteur d'étage et à joints étanches à l'eau et à l'air, potelets de bardage en acier galvanisé solidaires des dits panneaux et isolation thermique en laine de verre avec pare-vapeur appliquée par l'extérieur des murs de structure principale. The present invention relates to an attached cladding system for new or renovated buildings, comprising non-loadbearing, prefabricated panels in structured concrete, monoliths, of floor height and with watertight and airtight joints, galvanized steel cladding posts integral with said panels and thermal insulation in glass wool with vapor barrier applied from the outside of the main structure walls.

Comme tout autre ouvrage de la même famille, le bardage rapporté selon l'invention forme un écran disposé devant une paroi continue et constitue ainsi un des éléments de séparation des ambiances extérieure et intérieure d'un bâtiment.  Like any other work in the same family, the cladding reported according to the invention forms a screen arranged in front of a continuous wall and thus constitutes one of the elements for separating the external and internal atmospheres of a building.

Par béton structuré on entend un béton apparent à reliefs structurés, visibles de loin et obtenus à l'aide de coffrages métalliques spéciaux ou de matrices de coffrage en résine synthétique ou en polystyrène.  Structured concrete means exposed concrete with structured reliefs, visible from a distance and obtained using special metal forms or formwork matrices made of synthetic resin or polystyrene.

Comme indiqué aux figures 1 à 7, le bardage rapporté selon l'invention, comprend panneaux (1) monolithes préfabriqués en béton structuré, simples ou à ouvertures intégrées (13). Aux panneaux (1) sont assemblés des potelets de bardage (2) en acier galvanisé, généralement en profilés à froid de section en U. Après moulage horizontal, les panneaux (1) sont doublés d'un isolant thermique (14) en laine de verre avec parevapeur découpé sur mesure, fixé au parement postérieur des panneaux à l'aide de plots de colle et de bandes autocollantes sur les joints.  As shown in Figures 1 to 7, the cladding reported according to the invention comprises panels (1) prefabricated monoliths in structured concrete, simple or with integrated openings (13). The panels (1) are assembled cladding posts (2) in galvanized steel, generally in cold sections of U-shaped section. After horizontal molding, the panels (1) are lined with thermal insulation (14) of wool. glass with vaporizer cut to measure, fixed to the rear facing of the panels using adhesive dots and self-adhesive strips on the joints.

Les figures (1) et (2) montrent respectivement un exemple de parement (15) et une face postérieure de panneau (1) avant pose de l'isolant thermique (14).  Figures (1) and (2) respectively show an example of facing (15) and a rear panel face (1) before installing the thermal insulation (14).

Après montage à travers les réservations (19) indiquées aux figures 5, 6 et 7 ménagées provisoirement dans la structure principale du bâtiment (8), la lame d'air (18) comprise entre celle-ci et l'isolant (14) vient compléter le  After mounting through the reservations (19) indicated in Figures 5, 6 and 7 provisionally made in the main structure of the building (8), the air space (18) between it and the insulation (14) comes complete the

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dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention. Cette lame d'air peut néanmoins être réduite, voire éliminée, par un éventuel faux-aplomb en saillie survenu accidentellement dans le mur de structure principale et rattrapé grâce au dispositif de fixation réglable selon l'invention.  thermal insulation device according to the invention. This air space can nevertheless be reduced, or even eliminated, by a possible projecting plumb accidentally occurring in the main structure wall and caught up with the adjustable fixing device according to the invention.

La structure principale (8) à laquelle s'applique le bardage rapporté selon l'invention est de divers types : Blocs en béton de résistance appropriée raidis par des poteaux en béton armé, panneaux préfabriqués en béton armé, voiles porteurs en béton armé coulé sur place, etc.  The main structure (8) to which the cladding applied according to the invention is applied is of various types: Concrete blocks of appropriate strength stiffened by reinforced concrete posts, prefabricated reinforced concrete panels, load-bearing reinforced concrete sails poured onto place, etc.

Les bardages rapportés existants sont exclusivement produits par des fabricants spécialisés. Ils utilisent divers matériaux tels que pierre naturelle ou reconstituée, ardoise, brique de terre cuite, bois, aluminium, acier, polyester renforcé de fibre de verre, béton architectonique, béton léger ou cellulaire, etc.  The existing cladding is exclusively produced by specialized manufacturers. They use various materials such as natural or reconstituted stone, slate, terracotta brick, wood, aluminum, steel, polyester reinforced with fiberglass, architectural concrete, light or cellular concrete, etc.

A titre d'exemples, les éléments en ardoise naturelle sont accrochés à des liteaux au moyen de crochets en acier inoxydable, les liteaux étant euxmêmes cloués sur des potelets de bardage espacés généralement de 60 cm et fixés à des pattes réglables scellées dans le mur porteur du bâtiment.  By way of example, the natural slate elements are hung on battens by means of stainless steel hooks, the battens themselves being nailed to cladding posts generally spaced 60 cm apart and fixed to adjustable legs sealed in the load-bearing wall. of the building.

Les éléments en pierre reconstituée sont maintenus par l'intermédiaire de lisses en aluminium vissées sur des potelets de bardage fixés à des pattes réglables scellées dans le mur porteur du bâtiment.  The reconstituted stone elements are maintained by means of aluminum beams screwed on cladding posts fixed to adjustable legs sealed in the load-bearing wall of the building.

Les parements ainsi constitués comportent des joints formant une trame rectangulaire relativement serrée et uniforme. De plus, de tels bardages assurent rarement une parfaite étanchéité à l'air et à l'eau, à cause de leurs joints ouverts, ce qui peut présenter un risque de détérioration prématurée du matériau isolant.  The facings thus formed include seals forming a relatively tight and uniform rectangular frame. In addition, such cladding rarely ensures perfect air and water tightness, because of their open joints, which can present a risk of premature deterioration of the insulating material.

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A ce jour, le béton structuré a été peu utilisé dans les bardages rapportés, la surface réduite de leurs éléments constitutifs ne permettant pas de rendre l'esthétique particulière propre à ce matériau.  To date, structured concrete has been little used in reported cladding, the reduced surface of their constituent elements not making it possible to make the particular aesthetics specific to this material.

Par ailleurs, l'isolation thermique est généralement disposée par l'extérieur, c'est-à-dire entre le bardage rapporté et le mur de structure principale du bâtiment. Si cette disposition présente de nombreux avantages, comparée à celle consistant à placer l'isolant du côté intérieur du mur de structure principale, elle ne permet cependant pas de réaliser celui-ci en béton structuré dès lors qu'il est caché par l'isolant.  Furthermore, the thermal insulation is generally placed on the outside, that is to say between the added cladding and the main structural wall of the building. If this arrangement has many advantages, compared to that of placing the insulation on the interior side of the main structure wall, it does not however allow it to be made of structured concrete since it is hidden by the insulation .

C'est ainsi que la disposition qui consiste à appliquer l'isolant par l'extérieur a limité pratiquement l'utilisation du béton structuré aux ouvrages ne nécessitant pas d'isolation thermique, comme les garde-corps de balcons, les murs de soutènement ou les culées de ponts par exemple.  Thus, the provision which consists in applying the insulation from the outside has practically limited the use of structured concrete to works that do not require thermal insulation, such as balcony railings, retaining walls or bridge abutments for example.

Le système de bardage rapporté selon l'invention apporte une solution à ces problèmes en utilisant des panneaux (1) en béton de hauteur d'étage et de faible épaisseur, capables simultanément d'assurer la protection de isolation thermique par l'extérieur et la résistance aux efforts et d'introduire le béton structuré, nouveau matériau rarement utilisé dans ce type d'ouvrage et conférant au parement (15) l'aspect décoratif particulier tel que défini précédemment.  The cladding system reported according to the invention provides a solution to these problems by using concrete panels (1) of floor height and thin, capable simultaneously of providing thermal insulation protection from the outside and the resistance to efforts and to introduce structured concrete, a new material rarely used in this type of structure and giving the facing (15) the particular decorative aspect as defined above.

En outre, le système de bardage rapporté selon l'invention assurera une parfaite étanchéité à l'eau et à l'air du mur de façade, grâce à son dispositif en rejingot et becquet illustré dans la figure 6, aux bandes d'étanchéité (9) et (10) autocollantes pré-comprimées insérées dans les joints horizontaux et verticaux, à la bavette d'étanchéité (11) disposée à l'intersection entre les joints verticaux et horizontaux et au vide de décompression (12).  In addition, the cladding system reported according to the invention will ensure perfect water and air tightness of the front wall, thanks to its device in rejingot and spoiler illustrated in FIG. 6, to the sealing strips ( 9) and (10) pre-compressed self-adhesive inserted in the horizontal and vertical joints, with the sealing flap (11) arranged at the intersection between the vertical and horizontal joints and with the decompression vacuum (12).

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Une autre caractéristique du système de bardage rapporté selon l'invention réside dans le fait que l'assemblage des panneaux (1) aux potelets de bardage (2) peut s'effectuer à l'aide des douilles filetées (5) et vis (6), comme indiqué dans les figures 2 et 3, ou par semi-encastrement des potelets (2) comme indiqué dans la figure 4, le choix entre ces deux modes d'assemblage étant dicté par le procédé de préfabrication adopté. Dans les deux cas, panneaux (1) et potelets (2) forment un ensemble solidaire agissant comme un plancher mixte acier/béton reposant sur les fixations réglables et résistant aux forces horizontales.  Another characteristic of the cladding system reported according to the invention lies in the fact that the assembly of the panels (1) to the cladding posts (2) can be carried out using the threaded sleeves (5) and screws (6 ), as shown in Figures 2 and 3, or by semi-embedding of the posts (2) as shown in Figure 4, the choice between these two methods of assembly being dictated by the prefabrication process adopted. In both cases, panels (1) and posts (2) form an integral unit acting as a mixed steel / concrete floor resting on adjustable fasteners and resistant to horizontal forces.

Pour assurer la fixation des potelets de bardage (2) à la structure principale du bâtiment (8), le système de bardage rapporté selon l'invention utilisera le dispositif spécifique de fixation réglable comprenant rail (7), coulisse en acier galvanisé (3) disposée verticalement en cas de panneaux (1) juxtaposés comme indiqué à la figure (5), ou horizontalement en cas de façade à encorbellements comme indiqué à la figure 7, trous oblongs croisés (4) ménagés en tête et en pied de potelet et dans les coulisses et vis autotaraudeuses (16). En position horizontale, les coulisses (3) sont également fixées à l'aide de chevilles à autoexpansion (17) aux niveaux rezde-chaussée et étage, comme indiqué aux figures 5 et 7.  To secure the cladding posts (2) to the main structure of the building (8), the cladding system reported according to the invention will use the specific adjustable fixing device comprising rail (7), galvanized steel slide (3) arranged vertically in the case of panels (1) juxtaposed as shown in Figure (5), or horizontally in the case of a cantilevered facade as shown in Figure 7, crossed oblong holes (4) formed at the top and bottom of the post and in slides and self-tapping screws (16). In the horizontal position, the slides (3) are also fixed using self-expanding dowels (17) at the ground floor and upper floors, as shown in Figures 5 and 7.

Les panneaux utiliseront un béton fluide et autoplaçant à base de ciments et d'adjuvants modernes permettant d'éviter l'emploi de dispositifs de moulage basculants et d'équipements de thermo-durcissage et de vibration. Les panneaux pourront ainsi être préfabriqués aussi bien en usines fixes par des fabricants spécialisés qu'en ateliers mobiles de chantier par des entrepreneurs de gros-oeuvre qualifiés. En outre, le dit dispositif de fixation réglable permettra, avec un nombre minimum de potelets de bardage limité généralement à deux par panneau de 8 à 10m2, de réduire  The panels will use a fluid, self-compacting concrete based on modern cements and additives to avoid the use of tilting molding devices and thermosetting and vibration equipment. The panels can thus be prefabricated in fixed factories by specialized manufacturers as well as in mobile workshops on site by qualified structural contractors. In addition, the said adjustable fixing device will make it possible, with a minimum number of cladding posts generally limited to two per panel of 8 to 10 m 2, to reduce

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considérablement le nombre d'assemblages tout en assurant un parfait aplomb des parements ainsi qu'un blocage définitif des assemblages, après mise en place des vis autotaraudeuses.  considerably the number of assemblies while ensuring a perfect balance of the facings as well as a definitive blocking of the assemblies, after installation of the self-tapping screws.

Dosé à 400 kg/m de ciment, le béton structuré sera de type lourd, à base de ciment gris et/ou blanc et teinté ou non dans la masse. Sa résistance à 28 jours, devra, selon le CERIB, atteindre 30 Mpa et la distance minimale d'enrobage des armatures et autres inserts ne devra pas être inférieure à 2,5 cm pour toute surface extérieure ou exposée aux intempéries.  Dosed at 400 kg / m of cement, the structured concrete will be of the heavy type, based on gray and / or white cement and tinted or not in the mass. Its resistance to 28 days, must, according to CERIB, reach 30 Mpa and the minimum coating distance of the frames and other inserts must not be less than 2.5 cm for any exterior surface or exposed to the weather.

A titre d'exemple, un panneau de 8 cm d'épaisseur pourra comporter des reliefs structurés ayant jusqu'à 2 cm de profondeur et assurer en même temps une protection suffisante contre la corrosion des armatures et inserts.  For example, a panel 8 cm thick may include structured reliefs up to 2 cm deep and at the same time provide sufficient protection against corrosion of the reinforcements and inserts.

Un bardage rapporté de 3 m de largeur et de 2,80 de hauteur réalisé en atelier mobile de chantier et comprenant ledit panneau, 2 potelets en UPAF galvanisé de 90x45x4 semi-encastrés sur 3 cm, un isolant en laine de verre avec pare-vapeur de 6 cm et une lame d'air de 2 cm peut atteindre une résistance thermique de 1,6, supérieure à 1, 5 recommandée par l'AFNOR pour un mur réalisé en zone climatique H2. L'étanchéité des joints pourra être assurée à l'aide de bandes en mousse imprégnée de 20x20 précomprimées à 60 ou 70 % et autocollantes sur une face et d'une bavette disposée sous le joint horizontal. An attached cladding of 3 m in width and 2.80 in height made in a mobile site workshop and including said panel, 2 posts in UPAF galvanized of 90x45x4 semi-embedded on 3 cm, a glass wool insulation with vapor barrier of 6 cm and an air gap of 2 cm can reach a thermal resistance of 1.6, greater than 1.5 recommended by AFNOR for a wall made in climatic zone H2. Sealing of the joints can be ensured using foam strips impregnated with 20 × 20 precompressed to 60 or 70% and self-adhesive on one side and a flap disposed under the horizontal joint.

Du fait de son épaisseur relativement plus importante, comparé aux autres éléments existants, le dit système contribuera davantage à l'isolation phonique des bâtiments.  Because of its relatively greater thickness, compared to other existing elements, the said system will contribute more to the soundproofing of buildings.

Ainsi conçu, le système de bardage rapporté selon l'invention permettra à la fois d'embellir et de personnaliser les façades et de réduire sensiblement les coûts et délais de réalisation de divers bâtiments : Enseignement, Bureaux, Santé, Justice, Tourisme, Culture, Industrie, etc.. Thus designed, the cladding system reported according to the invention will both embellish and personalize the facades and significantly reduce the costs and lead times of various buildings: Education, Offices, Health, Justice, Tourism, Culture, Industry, etc.

Claims (5)

REVENDICATIONS I. Système de bardage rapporté pour bâtiments neufs ou en rénovation caractérisé en ce qu'il utilise les panneaux (1) non portants, préfabriqués en béton structuré, monolithes, de hauteur d'étage et à joints étanches à l'eau et à l'air, les potelets de bardage (2) en acier galvanisé, l'isolant thermique (14) en laine de verre avec pare-vapeur et la lame d'air (17) intercalée entre ledit bardage et le mur de structure principale (8) auquel le dit système est rapporté. CLAIMS I. Built-up cladding system for new or renovated buildings, characterized in that it uses non-loadbearing, prefabricated panels in structured concrete, monoliths, of storey height and with watertight and waterproof joints. the air, the cladding posts (2) in galvanized steel, the thermal insulation (14) in glass wool with vapor barrier and the air space (17) interposed between said cladding and the main structure wall ( 8) to which said system is related. 2. Système de bardage rapporté selon la Revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le parement (15) des panneaux (1) présente divers reliefs visibles de loin réalisés au moyen de coffrages spéciaux ou de matrices de coffrage structurées disposées dans un fond de moule horizontal.  2. Cladding system reported according to Claim 1, characterized in that the facing (15) of the panels (1) has various visible reliefs from afar made by means of special formwork or structured formwork dies arranged in a horizontal mold base . 3. Système de bardage rapporté selon la Revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'étanchéité à l'eau et à l'air des panneaux (1) est assurée à l'aide des bandes d'étanchéité (9) et (10), des bavettes d'étanchéité (11) et des vides de décompression (12).  3. Cladding system reported according to Claim 2, characterized in that the water and air tightness of the panels (1) is ensured using the sealing strips (9) and (10) , sealing flaps (11) and pressure relief voids (12). 4. Système de bardage rapporté selon la Revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'assemblage des panneaux (1) aux potelets (2) s'effectue au moyen des douilles filetées (5) et vis (6) ou par semi-encastrement des dits potelets.  4. Cladding system reported according to Claim 3, characterized in that the assembly of the panels (1) to the posts (2) is carried out by means of threaded sleeves (5) and screws (6) or by semi-embedding of called posts. 5. Système de bardage rapporté selon la Revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'assemblage des potelets (2) à la structure principale (8) s'effectue à travers les réservations (19) ménagées dans le mur de structure principale (8) et à l'aide du dispositif de fixation réglable comprenant coulisse (3), trous oblongs croisés (4), rail (7), vis autotaraudeuses (16) et chevilles à autoexpansion (17). 5. cladding system reported according to claim 4, characterized in that the assembly of the posts (2) to the main structure (8) is effected through the reservations (19) formed in the main structure wall (8) and using the adjustable fixing device comprising slide (3), crossed oblong holes (4), rail (7), self-tapping screws (16) and self-expanding dowels (17).
FR0014088A 2000-10-31 2000-10-31 Cladding system for building walls uses prefabricated concrete panels reinforced by metal posts and thermal insulation inserted between cladding and wall Withdrawn FR2815982A3 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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FR0014088A FR2815982A3 (en) 2000-10-31 2000-10-31 Cladding system for building walls uses prefabricated concrete panels reinforced by metal posts and thermal insulation inserted between cladding and wall

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FR0014088A FR2815982A3 (en) 2000-10-31 2000-10-31 Cladding system for building walls uses prefabricated concrete panels reinforced by metal posts and thermal insulation inserted between cladding and wall

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014006114B3 (en) * 2014-04-29 2015-05-21 Thiem Security Solutions Gmbh Attachment for a building
NO20200025A1 (en) * 2019-01-09 2020-07-10 Selvaag Gruppen As Facade element, method for manufacturing such a facade element, as well as a wall with several such elements and use of such facade elements for rehabilitation of buildings.

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014006114B3 (en) * 2014-04-29 2015-05-21 Thiem Security Solutions Gmbh Attachment for a building
EP2940420A1 (en) 2014-04-29 2015-11-04 THIEM Security Solutions GmbH Attachment device for a structure
NO20200025A1 (en) * 2019-01-09 2020-07-10 Selvaag Gruppen As Facade element, method for manufacturing such a facade element, as well as a wall with several such elements and use of such facade elements for rehabilitation of buildings.

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