JP4222580B2 - Building foundation construction method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a foundation construction method for constructing a foundation of a building such as a residence or a store building. More particularly, the present invention relates to a building foundation construction method in which the positioning and assembly of foundation bolts, reinforcing bars and the like can be quickly and accurately constructed when building the foundation of a building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As the foundation for supporting the superstructure, a dotted foundation having only a pillar portion, a cloth foundation supported by a single foundation version, and the like are known. To construct these foundations, first excavate the ground such as dredging excavating only the foundation part in a flat plane, cloth excavating in a strip shape, or total excavating excavating the entire surface of the building. Do. It is common to lay gravel at the bottom of these excavated holes, assemble formwork, rebars, and foundation bolts, and then pour ready-mixed concrete into it to make foundations.
[0003]
This foundation work requires skilled work such as rebar work for rebar processing, assembly, bar arrangement, bundling, etc., and creation of a formwork for placing concrete. In recent years, it is also difficult to secure skilled technicians, and it is desirable to have a foundation method that allows even unskilled workers to work. However, in recent years, there are many buildings that employ a steel structure, which is a structural form assembled with steel members. In general, a steel structure is processed at a construction site after processing and assembling steel structure members at a factory.
[0004]
Therefore, the steel structure can be constructed with high dimensional accuracy and a precise building. The foundation must be precisely constructed to match this steel structure. In particular, it is difficult to assemble the steel structure unless the distance between the columns of the steel frame and the pitch interval of the foundation bolts for fixing the column to the foundation are accurately constructed. Even if it can be assembled, it may cause errors.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made based on the technical background as described above, and achieves the following object.
The objective of this invention is providing the foundation construction method of the building which a foundation can construct even an unskilled person.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a building foundation construction method capable of quick work on site.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a foundation work method for a building in which foundations, foundation bolts, and reinforcing bars can be arranged at precise positions.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following means.
The foundation construction method of the building of the present invention is
Excavation holes (2) for placing an assembling-type foundation frame (4) for constructing the foundation at the position where the pillars of the building are to be placed are arranged on the ground. And
In order to fix and position one of the pillars embedded in the foundation, four foundation bolts (10) constituting a rectangle are arranged,
Configure the four sides between the four foundation bolts (10) , Acting as a positioning member and rebar A first bridge member (11, 12) comprising four bridge plates (11) and one diagonal bridge plate (12) arranged diagonally;
Reinforcing bars consisting of second bridge members (13, 14) that connect the first bridge members (11, 12) and the first bridge members (11, 12) of other foundations and that are spaced from each other are arranged. And
The basic frame (4) ,as well as A dirt frame surrounding the outer periphery of the foundation frame (4) (20) Placed on the excavated ground , In the basic basket (4), and The soil frame (20) Within The foundation and soil are constructed by pouring ready-mixed concrete.
[0007]
The foundation rod is formed by forming a hole and a protrusion on a bent plate formed by bending a plurality of metal plates, and connecting the hole and the protrusion to each other. The first bridge member includes a positioning hole for inserting and positioning the foundation bolt and a locking hole for locking the second bridge member.
[0008]
Above Bridge plate (11) and diagonal bridge plate (12) Is preferably a metal plate, but may not be a plate as long as the positioning hole and the locking hole are provided. The positioning hole and the locking hole may be other structures such as notches and hooks as long as they can be positioned and locked without being a hole. At both ends of the second bridge member, The bridge plate (11) and the diagonal bridge plate (12) A locking portion for connecting to the locking hole is provided. After the ready-mixed concrete placing work, the surface between the foundation and the soil can be easily flattened with a hammer having a flat portion for making the placing surface flat and having a vibration device.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[Foundation work]
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing an example of the foundation construction of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view showing an appearance of a mold forming a foundation. Excavate the ground at the location of the pillar of the building to be constructed, and dig the hollow 2 by digging. Since the depth and diameter of the hollow 2 are not different from the construction according to the prior art, the size of the foundation corresponding to the state of the ground may be used as in the prior art. When the excavation of the hollow 2 is finished, the gravel 3 is laid on the bottom of the hollow 2 and vibration is applied to harden it. When the gravel 3 has been solidified, the foundation frame 4 assembled on the gravel 3 is placed.
[0010]
The base frame 4 is made by connecting and assembling four bent plates 6 having the same shape. The lower part of the base frame 4 is formed in a large bulb shape. The bent plate 6 is made by bending, cutting and punching a metal plate. The lower part of the bent plate 6 is bent at two places to form the large-diameter portion 9, and when assembled, that portion becomes the large-diameter portion. On one side of the bent plate 6, a plurality of assembled protrusions 8 are formed at regular intervals. A plurality of combination holes 7 are formed on the other side of the bent plate 6 (see FIG. 3A).
[0011]
The assembly protrusions 8 are inserted into the combination holes 7 of the other folded plates 6 to constitute the foundation frame 4. After the four folded plates 6 are assembled, the tips of the assembly protrusions 8 are twisted with pliers at an angle of about 90 degrees so that the assembly protrusions 8 do not come out of the combination holes 7 (see FIG. 3B). In the internal space of the foundation gutter frame 4, the foundation gutter 5 is formed by pouring ready-mixed concrete as will be described later. The soil that is the surface between the hollows 2 is dug out (see FIG. 6).
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 4, four foundation bolts 10 are inserted and arranged in the foundation rod frame 4 so as to have a rectangular shape. The interval between the four foundation bolts 10 is positioned and arranged from the four bridge plates 11 constituting the four sides and the one diagonal bridge plate 12 arranged diagonally. These members serve as positioning of the base bolt 10 and a reinforcing bar. The bridge plate 11 is formed with three positioning holes 11a, positioning holes 11b, and locking holes 11c at predetermined intervals.
[0013]
The distance L between the positioning hole 11a and the positioning hole 11b is the same as the distance between the foundation bolts 10. The locking hole 11 c at one end of the bridge plate 11 is a hole for connecting and locking the bridge bar 13. Both ends of the bridge bar 13 are formed with insertion portions 13a bent in an L shape. The foundation rod frame 4 and the other foundation rod frame 4 are connected to each other by inserting the insertion portion 13a of the bridge bar 13 into the locking hole 11c of the bridge plate 11. Similarly, the foundation frame 4 and the other foundation frame 4 are connected to each other when the insertion portion of the diagonal bridge bar 14 is inserted into the hole of the diagonal bridge plate 12 and locked.
[0014]
Since the distance between the two foundation frame 4 and the pitch distance between the foundation bolts 10 are determined by the bridge plate 11, the diagonal bridge plate 12, the bridge bar 13, and the diagonal bridge bar 14, the foundation bolt 10 is accurately set. There is an advantage that the gap between the gaps and the gap between the basic frame frames 4 can be arranged. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the assembly is completed. After pouring the ready-mixed concrete into the portion of the foundation frame 4, the bent plate 6 is removed to complete the portion of the foundation frame 4.
[0015]
However, when the bent plate 6 is buried as it is, the next construction is continued in the state shown in FIG. 6 without pouring the ready-mixed concrete at this stage. That is, the ground in the region corresponding to the soil 17 between the foundation fences 4 is excavated and the soil frame 20 is arranged. The earth frame 20 is made of a sheet metal material and has a rectangular shape. The cross section of the earth frame 20 is formed in a U shape, and the upper edge and the lower edge are bent in an L shape.
[0016]
Next, the gravel 3 is spread over the bottom of the soil 17 and the gravel 3 is hardened with a pressure roller or the like. After the gravel 3 is hardened, a moisture-proof sheet 21 is laid thereon. The moisture-proof sheet 21 is used to shield moisture that oozes from under the ground so that it does not come out between the soils. Next, the ready-mixed concrete is poured into the foundation frame 4 and the soil space 17. After pouring, the state shown in the right sectional view of FIG. 6 is obtained.
[0017]
If pipes such as water pipes, sewage pipes, toilet pipes, gas pipes or rainwater pipes buried in the soil, or laying of reinforcing bars or nets, etc. are required between the soil, complete the construction before pouring the ready-mixed concrete. It is necessary to keep. The laying of these is well known in buildings and will not be described in detail.
[0018]
In order to make the surface of the soil 17 into a horizontal plane when ready-mixed concrete is poured in, it can only be performed by a skilled technician. Therefore, in this construction, a special hammer 25 that can be leveled even by an unskilled person is used. FIG. 7 is a view showing a situation in which the metal hammer 25 is placed on the dirt frame 20 and the surface of the dirt 17 is flattened. The main body of the hammer 25 is made of a member having an L-shaped cross section, and pulling ropes 26 for operation are fixedly arranged at both ends. Two workers hold the pulling rope 26 of the hammer 25 with their hands, and slide the upper surface of the dirt frame 20 to flatten the surface of the dirt 17.
[0019]
Due to the movement of the hammer 25, the gathering 27 gathers excess ready-mixed concrete as a mortar 29 and makes the surface of the soil 17 uniform and flattened. A vibration device 28 is disposed in the central portion of the hammer 25. Since the hammer 25 is vibrated by the vibration device 28, fine particles gather on the surface of the ready-mixed concrete by the vibration and become smooth. Therefore, the surface of the soil space 17 is flat and smooth.
[0020]
A plurality of vibration devices 28 may be arranged as long as one unit is not effective. The vibration device 28 generates vibration by the eccentric wheel in this example, but may generate vibration by a solenoid. When the area where the ready-mixed concrete flows is large and the metal hammer 25 is short and cannot be covered, the joint 30 is fixed with bolts 31 to have a desired length.
[0021]
[Steel structure 34]
FIG. 9 is an oblique projection showing the steel structure of the column portion. The shaped steel column 35 is a column using rolled shaped steel, and is a hollow pipe having a square cross section. The upper part of the foundation joint 36 is inserted and arranged at the lower end of the shaped steel column 35 that is a column of the first floor portion. The foundation joint 36 is a pipe made of a steel having a hollow inside and a square cross section. Reinforcing plates 39 are fixed to each side of the four sides of the foundation joint 36 by welding.
[0022]
A rectangular fixing plate 40 is fixed to the lower end surface of the foundation joint 36 by welding. The foundation joint 36 is inserted from the lower end of the shaped steel column 35 and is fixed to the lower end of the shaped steel column 35 by a bolt 41. A plurality of mounting holes 43 are arranged and opened in the fixed plate 40 at regular intervals. A female screw is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the mounting hole 43. In the mounting hole 43, an L-shaped bracket 44 is fixed by a bolt. The bracket 44 is for fixing a bridge (not shown) which is a beam of a building.
[0023]
In order to connect the two shaped steel columns 35, they are connected to each other with an intermediate joint 37 interposed therebetween. The structure of the intermediate joint 37 is not provided with the fixing plate 40 of the foundation joint 36, and the other structure is the same as that of the foundation joint 36. The lower end of the intermediate joint 37 is inserted from the upper end of the section steel column 35 in the first floor portion, and is connected and fixed to the section steel column 35 with a bolt 46. The upper end portion of the intermediate joint 37 is inserted into the lower end of the section steel column 35 in the second floor portion and is connected and fixed to the section steel column 35 with a bolt 48.
[0024]
A bridge 45 is fixed to the intermediate joint 37 via a bracket (not shown). The lower end portion of the ceiling joint 38 is inserted into the upper end of the shape steel column 35 in the second floor portion, and is connected and fixed to the shape steel column 35 by a bolt 49. A fixed plate 50 is fixed to the upper end of the ceiling joint 38 by welding. Similarly, a bridge (not shown) is connected and fixed to the ceiling joint 38. The foundation joint 36 is mounted on the completed foundation frame 4, the foundation bolt 10 is passed through the bolt hole 47 of the foundation joint 36, and a nut (not shown) is screwed into the foundation bolt 10 to foundation the foundation joint 36. Assemble and fix.
[0025]
One of the features of these steel structures is that drilling and tapping can be performed on the measured building structural steel using an NC machine tool or an NC machine tool dedicated to steel. Since these processes can be performed in a controlled factory, the dimensional accuracy is very good and high-speed processing can be performed, so that the structure of a building can be made with the precision of a precision machine. In addition, there is an advantage that the construction period can be shortened because the processing at the construction site is extremely small.
[0026]
[Outer wall panel 55]
Next, the manufacturing method of the outer wall panel 55 of FIG. 11 used as an outer wall fixed to the outer periphery of a steel frame structure is demonstrated. The outer wall panel 55 is a flat plate having a rectangular plate shape and is provided with a window frame 59 and is unitized for use as an outer wall. If the factory-produced outer wall panel 55 is adopted, the installation work of the window sash and the painting of the outer wall are not required on site. For fixing the outer wall panel 55 to the steel frame, the panel fixing bolt 77 is inserted into a fixing member fixed to the steel frame for panel fixing and fixed by a nut.
[0027]
FIG. 10 shows a mold base 56, a mold frame 57, a reinforcing bar 58, and a window frame 59 for manufacturing the outer wall panel 55. The formwork base 56 is a rectangular plate and is a base on which the formwork 57 is placed. A window frame holder 69 for positioning the window frame 59 is disposed at the center of the mold base 56. A plurality of bolt receiving holes 60 are formed in the mold base 56. The bolt receiving hole 60 is for inserting the panel fixing bolt 77 to protect the thread of the panel fixing bolt 77 from being covered with the ready-mixed concrete. It is better to wind a tape around this thread for protection.
[0028]
The mold 57 is composed of four members having a rectangular shape. An upper mold member 61 for forming the shape of the upper end surface of the outer wall panel 55, a lower mold member 62 for forming the shape of the lower end surface, and a left mold member for forming the shape of the left end surface 63 and a right frame member 65 for forming the shape of the right end face. A concave groove 64 that is a groove recessed in the longitudinal direction is formed in the upper mold member 61. The concave groove 64 is for forming the convex portion 80 on the upper end surface of the outer wall panel 55 (see FIG. 11).
[0029]
The lower mold material 62 is formed with a convex portion 66 protruding in the longitudinal direction. The convex portion 66 is for forming the concave portion 81 on the lower end surface of the outer wall panel 55. The convex portion 80 on the upper end surface and the concave portion 81 on the lower end surface of the outer wall panel 55 are for sequentially inserting and connecting the outer wall panel 55 to form an outer wall. In addition, when a sealing material is interposed in the concave portion 81 and the convex portion 80 of the outer wall panel 55, it is possible to effectively prevent rainwater from entering.
[0030]
The left frame member 63 is for forming the shape of the left end surface of the outer wall panel 55. A corner member 67 having a rectangular cross section is fixed to the corner of the left mold member 63. The corner member 67 is for forming the engaging part 82 in the left end part of the outer wall panel 55 (refer FIG. 11). The right frame member 65 is for forming the shape of the right end surface of the outer wall panel 55.
[0031]
A step portion 68 is formed at the corner of the upper end of the right mold member 65. The step portion 68 is for forming the engaging portion 83 of the outer wall panel 55. The left and right engaging portions 82 and 83 of the outer wall panel 55 are joined to each other. Since the engaging portion 82 of one outer wall panel 55 and the engaging portion 83 of the other outer wall panel 55 are joined so as to overlap, waterproofing is easy. In order to achieve perfect waterproofing, it is better to interpose a packing material or the like so that water does not leach into the joint.
[0032]
A window frame holder 69 is fixed to the upper surface of the mold base 56. The window frame receiver 69 is used for positioning and fixing the window frame 59, which is an aluminum joinery manufactured at the factory, when flowing ready-mixed concrete. Accordingly, the window frame receiver 69 has a size that matches the inner size of the window frame 59. The reinforcing bar 58 is used for reinforcing the outer wall panel 55. The reinforcing bar 58 is a deformed reinforcing bar, and is composed of four frame reinforcing bars 75 which are angle members having an L-shaped cross section, and a cross reinforcing bar 76 which is a cross-shaped steel material.
[0033]
The frame reinforcing bar 75 is a reinforcing bar for reinforcing the outer periphery of the outer wall panel 55, and the cross reinforcing bar 76 is a reinforcing bar for preventing lateral deformation of the outer wall panel 55 and increasing rigidity. These are fixed to each other by panel fixing bolts 77 and nuts 78 so as to form a reinforcing bar 58 of the outer wall panel 55. The reinforcing bar 58 assembled integrally is placed on the formwork base 56.
[0034]
Since the panel fixing bolt 77 is used for fixing the reinforcing bar 58 and fixing the outer wall panel 55 after completion to the building, the number of assembling steps can be reduced. That is, assembling and bundling the reinforcing bars and attaching bolts for fixing the outer wall panel 55 can be performed simultaneously. Further, since the panel fixing bolt 77 is directly connected and fixed to the reinforcing bar 58, the outer wall panel 55 can be securely fixed to the building, so that it can withstand vibrations such as earthquakes. When the ready-mixed concrete is poured into the mold 57, the front end of the panel fixing bolt 77 is inserted into the bolt receiving hole 60.
[0035]
The tip portion of the inserted panel fixing bolt 77 protrudes from the completed outer wall panel 55. The panel fixing bolt 77 is inserted into a hole formed in a member fixed to the reinforcing bar structure and fixed with a nut (not shown), and the outer wall panel 55 is used as an outer wall of the building. In the window frame 59 inserted into the window frame holder 69, a screw 84 having a large pitch and a high thread protrudes from the window frame fixing hole 79 so as to protrude from the window frame 59. In this state, the window frame 59 is placed on the window frame holder 69. Screw 84 screw bites into the ready-mixed concrete and is firmly fixed.
[0036]
When the above steps are completed, ready-mixed concrete is poured into the mold 57. At this time, the surface of the mold 57 may be flattened with the aforementioned metal cage 25. There is no need to perform special surface treatment as it is, but when a decorative wall is required, pressurize with a pressure plate (not shown) with a tile pattern, stonework pattern, etc. Make a pattern. Furthermore, if necessary, the surface pressed for both decoration and waterproofing is coated with a paint having high weather resistance.
[0037]
The outer wall panel 55 is completed through the above steps. The outer wall panel 55 is hung by a crane and is fixed directly or indirectly to the steel frame by panel fixing bolts 77 and nuts. The outer wall panel 55 does not require outer wall construction, caulking construction, or painting work. When the concrete is made of lightweight concrete, the weight of the outer wall panel 55 is reduced by about 20 to 50% as compared with normal concrete.
[0038]
Furthermore, if ALC is used, it will be lighter and easier to assemble on-site. In addition to ALC's features, heat insulation, sound insulation, fire resistance, strength, and an outer wall panel 55 with a window frame can be constructed. . ALC is a lightweight aerated concrete made from calcareous raw material and silicon raw material, foamed by adding a foaming agent, or made porous by mixing pre-made air bubbles and then cured by autoclave. Portland cement is mixed according to the conditions.
[0039]
If a decorative wall is required, the top surface filled with lightweight concrete, that is, the outer surface after construction, is mixed with white cement or color cement with a waterproofing agent to make a raw mortar, which is about a few millimeters thick. Apply and finish. Further, the surface is pressed with a pressure plate having a tile pattern, a stonework pattern, or the like, and a pattern is formed on the surface of the outer wall panel 55.
[0040]
This method can make an outer wall plate with less surface discoloration for a long period of time, unlike a painted one. As described above, since the surface is treated if the window frame is made of an aluminum material, there is an advantage that outer wall construction, window sash installation construction, and waterproof construction can be performed at once. In addition, although what was mentioned above was the outer wall panel provided with the window frame, the outer wall panel without a window frame is also manufactured by the same method.
[0041]
[Floor 90]
Next, the method of floor construction on the second and third floors will be described. The second and third floors 90 basically adopt the same structure and the same construction method. A deck plate 91, which is a wide band steel corrugated, is placed on the bridge 45. Although this width is determined in terms of manufacturing, when it is insufficient in the length direction, another deck plate 92 is abutted and used. When using a butt, an adhesive waterproof tape 93 is adhered to the joint surface between the deck plate 91 and the deck plate 92 to fill a gap generated on the butt surface.
[0042]
On both side surfaces of the deck plate 91, small forts 94, which are L-shaped steel materials, are arranged. A tension reinforcing bar mechanism 95 that applies tension in the direction of pulling the two foramen 94 to each other, that is, prestresses the concrete, is disposed between the foramen 94. When prestress is applied to the concrete of the floor 90, the entire cross section of the floor 90 effectively works against loads such as bending from the outside and can withstand strong loads. Moreover, the crack of the concrete of the floor 90 can also be prevented effectively.
[0043]
The tension reinforcing bar mechanism 95 includes two pull bolts 96, two hook nuts 97, two hooks 98, one PC steel wire 99, and the like. A bolt hole 100 is formed in the small fortification 94 for inserting the tension bolts 96 at regular intervals. The tension bolt 96 is inserted into the bolt hole 100 of the small fortification 94 and then screwed into the hook nut 97. The hook nut 97 is fixed to one end of a hook 98 made of a sheet metal material by welding. An engagement hole 101 is opened at the other end of the hook 98.
[0044]
The engaging hole 101 is inserted and locked with a locking portion 102 in which both ends of the PC steel wire 99 are bent in a U shape. Similarly, the other end of the PC steel wire 99 is similarly inserted into the engagement hole 101 of the other hook 98. The other hook 98 is similarly pulled by the other pulling bolt 96. The magnitude of the tension can be adjusted by turning the tension bolt 96.
[0045]
In the joint portion 103 between the small fortress 94 and the deck plates 91 and 92, a slight gap is inevitable even if accurate machining is performed due to distortion of the steel material, assembly error, or the like. A waterproof tape 104 is attached to the joint 103 for waterproofing. Instead of or in combination with the waterproof tape 104, caulking may be performed with a waterproof material made of asphalt, a polymer material, or the like. When these operations are completed, lightweight concrete is poured into a region surrounded by the small fortification 94 and the deck plates 91 and 92. Thereafter, the surface of the floor is flattened with the above-described hammer 25.
[0046]
As described in detail above, the floor 90 can prevent water leakage and incorporates the tension reinforcing bar mechanism 95, so that a floor strong against external forces such as bending can be realized, and light weight concrete is used, A floor with heat insulation, sound insulation, fire resistance, and strength was realized. Moreover, although the said description demonstrated the construction in a construction site, it can manufacture as a floor panel in a factory by the same method.
[0047]
The rooftop roof and veranda can be constructed in the same way. However, when placing ready-mixed concrete and lightweight concrete, mortar mixed with a waterproofing agent of several millimeters to several tens of millimeters is applied before semi-curing. For this finishing, drainage can be effectively performed by adding a slight gradient for drainage. Of course, a drainage groove, a drainage port, and a drain pipe connected thereto are arranged. These techniques are well known and will not be described in detail.
[0048]
[Ceiling work]
Next, the ceiling construction will be described in detail. FIG. 14 is an oblique projection showing a ceiling mounting structure. One end of a suspension plate (also called suspension tree) 110 is fixed to the back surface of the deck plate 91 described above. The suspension plate 110 is fixed to the back surface of the deck plate 91 in advance by factory production. The detailed shape of the suspension plate 110 is shown in FIG. The suspension plate 110 is made of a long belt-like metal plate. Reinforcing sides 111 bent for reinforcement are formed on both sides of the suspension plate 110.
[0049]
The suspension plate 110 has an auxiliary hole 112 that is a long hole. The auxiliary hole 112 is for inserting or fixing a wire or metal fitting for fixing a heat insulating material, an electric wire or the like. An attachment hole 113 is formed in the upper end portion of the suspension plate 110. The mounting hole 113 is screwed into the deck plate 91 by a tap bolt 114 at the factory. This fixing may be performed by resistance welding or the like.
[0050]
In the vicinity of the attachment hole 113, a bending groove 115, which is a thin portion, is formed. The bending groove 115 is formed in order to bend this part on site, and the part of the mounting hole 113 is fixed to the deck plate 91 at the time of factory shipment. Although it is fixed, it is arranged along the deck plate 91 so that it is difficult to get in the way during transportation.
[0051]
A suspension ear 116 is formed at the lower end of the suspension plate 110 to be inserted and suspended in the groove of the field edge 125 that fixes the ceiling plate. The field edge 125 is generally a light iron base for attaching a ceiling board. In a normal ceiling structure, a field edge 125 is attached to a field edge holder that is suspended and fixed to a ceiling by a hanging tree. A ceiling board is attached to the field edge 125. In this example, it can be said that the conventional field edge and the field edge receiver are combined. Protrusions 117 projecting upward are formed on both sides of the hanging ear 116.
[0052]
When the protrusion 117 is inserted into the groove of the field edge 125, the protrusion 117 is engaged with the edge of the field edge 125 to suspend the field edge 125. When using the large-sized field edge 125, the large-diameter suspension ear 120 is fixed to the mounting hole 118 and assembled (see FIG. 15B). The large-diameter suspension ear 120 has protrusions 121 protruding on both sides. A bifurcated protrusion 122 formed by cutting and bending the base material is formed at the center of the large-diameter hanging ear 120. The bifurcated protrusion 122 of the large-diameter hanging ear 120 is bent and then fixed to the hanging ear 116 after being inserted into the attachment hole 118 (see FIG. 15D).
[0053]
The suspension plate 110 is screwed and fixed to the deck plate 91 with tap bolts 114 at the factory. At the site ceiling work, the bending plate 115 is bent about 90 degrees from the bending groove 115 of the suspension plate 110 fixed to the deck plate 91 so as to be perpendicular to the deck plate 91. Thereafter, the suspension ears 116 of the suspension plate 110 are inserted into the grooves of the field edges 125 and slid to suspend one field edge 125 by the plurality of suspension plates 110. The field edge 125 has a U-shaped cross section, is formed with a groove, and its tip is further bent, so that the bent portion is engaged with the protrusion 117 of the hanging ear 116.
[0054]
Insulated glass wool 130 is spread between a deck plate 91 and a decorative plaster ceiling board (hereinafter referred to as ziptone) 132. The heat insulating glass wool 130 is a heat insulating material for heat insulating between the roof and the ceiling, and in this example, a long one having a thickness of 100 × width 430 was used. Usually, the heat-insulating glass wool 130 is disposed on the back surface, that is, the top surface of the zip tone 132. However, if the heat insulating glass wool 130 is laid on the back surface, it may interfere with the maintenance work. A wire 131 is passed through the auxiliary hole 112 of the suspension plate 110, and a zip tone 132 is placed on the wire 131.
[0055]
Gyptone 132 is a ceiling plate that is usually used in houses and offices, and is a plate material containing gypsum to enhance fire resistance. In this example, the thickness is 9.5 × width 455 × length 910 mm. . The zip tone 132 is fixed by being screwed into the field edge 125 with a tap bolt 133. Ceiling work is completed by fixing the zip tone 132. The field work omitted here eliminates the need for a lot of construction work such as hanging bolt construction, hanger construction, clip construction of the suspension plate 110 and the field edge 125, and ceiling painting in the conventional construction. it can.
[0056]
In the embodiment, the field edge 125 is directly suspended by the suspension plate 110. However, like the structure of a suspended ceiling which is a general structure, the field edge 125 may be attached to a field edge receiver (also called a back rail) which is an elongated material, and the field edge receiver may be suspended by the suspension plate 110. .
[0057]
[Interior construction]
With the above construction, floor work and ceiling work have been completed, and then interior work will be performed. Prior to this interior work, the above-mentioned foundation work, earthwork work, floor work, water pipe, sewer pipe, gas pipe, power line, light line, telephone line, fire alarm wiring, TV antenna, CATV line, etc. Complete the construction. The present inventor has already proposed a partition for interior work (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-18482). What has been proposed is a method of inner wall construction and partition construction using a storage / compartment partition and vertical / horizontal lattice members. The outline of the interior and the partitioning method will be described below.
[0058]
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of the partition structure. FIG. 17 is a front view of FIG. Insulating glass wool 140 is applied to the entire inner surface of the outer wall panel 55 described above. Inside, the both sides of the fire-resistant decorative gypsum board 141 are fixed together with the side plates 143 with screws 142 for gypsum board. The side plate 143 is made by bending a metal plate into a U-shaped cross section.
[0059]
A plurality of side plates 143 are arranged along the both sides of each decorative plaster board 141 in the longitudinal direction on the inner wall side (see FIG. 17). Accordingly, the joint portion 144 of each side plaster board 141 becomes the joint surface 144 of the side plate 143. The upper part of the side plate 143 is inserted into the base ceiling 145 and fixed. The base ceiling 145 is fixed to the zip tone 132 by being screwed with a tap screw 146. The base ceiling 145 is made of a sheet metal material and has a U-shaped cross section.
[0060]
The lower part of the side plate 143 is inserted and fixed to the floor base 150. The floor base 150 is fixed to the floor 153 by being screwed with concrete screws 151. The floor base 150 is made of a sheet metal material and has a U-shaped cross section. Further, a required number of shelves 152 are fixed to the decorative plaster board 141 and the side plate 143 by screws at the upper and lower intermediate positions. The interval between the shelf boards 152 can be set to a desired size. Each shelf can be used for bookshelves, clothes racks and other necessary applications.
[0061]
FIG. 18 illustrates a structure when a shelf is used as a storage or storage furniture. The shelf door 155 covers the front surface of the shelf, and is manufactured by making an assembly form similar to the outer wall material described above and covering the outer surface with a vinyl cloth 156. The inside is lightweight concrete 157 such as foamed concrete, and this material is excellent in heat insulation and fire resistance.
[0062]
A groove 158 is formed on the outer periphery of the shelf door 155. An O-ring 159 is fitted in the groove 158, and the vinyl cloth 156 is fixed by the O-ring 159. On the upper and lower end surfaces of the shelf door 155, a point hinge 160 as a shaft is fixed in the vertical direction. The point hinge 160 is fixed integrally to the fixing portion 161.
[0063]
The fixing part 161 is fixed to the shelf door 155 with concrete bolts 162. The point hinge 160 is supported by a point bearing 163 so as to be swingable. The fixing portion 164 integrated with the upper point bearing 163 is fixed to the base ceiling 145 with screws 165. The fixed portion 164 integrated with the lower point bearing 163 is fixed to the floor base 150 with screws 165.
[0064]
The shelf door 155 is opened and closed by grasping the finger puller 170 with a finger. The finger puller 170 is a position that cannot be seen when the shelf door 155 is closed. A circular hole 173 is formed in the finger puller 170. The circular hole 173 is for opening and closing the shelf door 155 by inserting a finger into the circular hole 173. The shaft 172 is fixed to the side surface of the shelf door 155, and the finger puller 170 is swingably provided by the shaft 172. A protrusion 171 is formed on the side surface of the finger puller 170. The protrusion 171 is for making contact with a finger when the shelf door 155 is closed to swing the finger puller 170 about the shaft 172. Needless to say, the handle of the shelf door 155 can be used other than this structure.
[0065]
[Building 180 on the third floor]
An example of a three-story building provided with an elevator using the construction method and the structure such as the basic structure, the steel structure, the floor structure, the partition structure, and the interior structure described above will be shown. FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing the appearance. The three-story building 180 has a store or office 181 and a parking lot 182 on the first floor, a residence 183 on the second floor, a residence 184 on the third floor, and a veranda 185 on the other half. The elevator 186 includes a unit type elevator that can be installed without special modification of the building proposed by the present inventor (Japanese Patent Application No. 10-261339).
[0066]
FIG. 20 shows a sectional structure of the window. A rectangular metal or wooden frame 190 is fixedly disposed inside the outer wall panel 55 with screws (not shown). A blind 191 and a double window 192 are arranged on the frame 190. Since the internal partition or the outside has a storage wall, the storage space is large, and since it is arranged along the inner wall, space efficiency is good.
[0067]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, the building foundation construction method of the present invention enables foundations, foundation bolts, and reinforcing bars to be placed at precise positions, even if unskilled persons can build foundations, can be quickly performed on site. There are effects such as being able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are diagrams showing a foundation construction method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an external appearance of a basic frame.
FIG. 3 (a) is an enlarged view of a portion that connects bent plates constituting the base frame, and FIG. 3 (b) shows a state in which the base frame is fixed by deforming the connection part. FIG.
FIG. 4 is an oblique axis projection view showing an assembly state of a foundation bolt, a bridge plate, and a bridge bar.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a bridge plate and a bridge bar that determine the distance between foundation bolts and play the role of a reinforcing bar.
FIG. 6 is a view showing a cross section of a foundation.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a situation in which a hammer is placed on a soil frame and the surface of the soil is flattened.
8A shows a vibration device mounted on a hammer when cut along line aa in FIG. 7, and FIG. 8B is cut along line bb in FIG. 7; It is sectional drawing of the connection part of a hammer.
FIG. 9 is an oblique axis projection view showing a steel structure portion.
FIG. 10 is an exploded view showing a formwork, a reinforcing bar, and a window frame for manufacturing an outer wall panel.
FIG. 11 is an external view of an outer wall panel.
FIG. 12 is an oblique axis projection view showing a structure during construction of a floor.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a tension reinforcing bar mechanism.
FIG. 14 is an oblique projection showing a ceiling structure.
15 (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) are oblique axis projection views showing a ceiling suspension plate and its connection state. 15A is an oblique projection showing the external appearance of the suspension plate, FIG. 15B is an external view of a large-diameter suspension ear fixed to the suspension plate, and FIG. 15C is a large-diameter suspension ear. 15 (d) is a sectional view taken along the line dd in FIG. 15 (c), and FIG. 15 (e) is an e-section in FIG. 15 (a). It is sectional drawing when cut | disconnecting by e line, FIG.15 (f) is sectional drawing which shows the condition which fixes a suspension board to a ceiling board.
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the heat insulation structure of the inner wall.
FIG. 17 is a front view showing an example of a storage shelf on the inner wall.
FIG. 18 is an oblique projection showing an example of a storage wall with an openable door.
FIG. 19 is an external view showing the external appearance of a three-story house with an elevator, with the roof removed.
FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a double window portion.
[Explanation of symbols]
4. Basic frame
5 ... Basics
6 ... bent plate
8 ... Assembly protrusion
10 ... Foundation bolt
11 ... Bridgeboard
12 ... Diagonal bridge plate
13 ... Bridge bar
14 ... Diagonal bridge bar
20 ... Soil frame
21 ... Moisture-proof sheet
25 ...
28 ... Vibration device
35 ... Shaped steel pillar
36 ... Foundation joint
55 ... External wall panel
57 ... Formwork
58 ... Rebar
59 ... Window frame
90 ... Deck plate
94 ... Small fortress
95 ... Tension reinforcement mechanism
99 ... PC steel wire
110 ... hanging plate
120 ... Large diameter hanging ear
125 ...
155 ... Shelf door
180 ... 3 stories building

Claims (4)

Excavation holes (2) for placing an assembling-type foundation frame (4) for constructing the foundation at the position where the pillars of the building are to be placed are arranged on the ground. And
In order to fix and position one of the pillars embedded in the foundation, four foundation bolts (10) constituting a rectangle are arranged,
Four bridge plates (11) constituting four sides between the four foundation bolts (10) and serving as positioning members and reinforcing bars, and one diagonal bridge plate (12) arranged diagonally, The first bridge member (11, 12) consisting of
Reinforcing bars consisting of second bridge members (13, 14) that connect the first bridge members (11, 12) and the first bridge members (11, 12) of other foundations and that are spaced from each other are arranged. And
The foundation frame (4) and the earth frame (20) surrounding the outer periphery of the foundation frame (4) are arranged on the excavated ground, and are placed in the foundation frame ( 4) and the earth frame (20). A foundation construction method for a building, characterized by pouring ready-mixed concrete and building the foundation and soil. In claim 1,
The base frame (4) is formed by forming holes and protrusions on a bent plate formed by bending a plurality of metal plates, and connecting the holes and the protrusions to each other. A basic construction method for buildings. In claim 1 or 2,
The bridge plate (11) and the diagonal bridge plate (12) include a positioning hole for inserting and positioning the foundation bolt and a locking hole for locking the second bridge member,
The foundation of a building characterized in that both ends of the second bridge member are provided with locking portions for connecting with the locking holes of the bridge plate (11) and the diagonal bridge plate (12). Construction method. In claim 1 or 2,
A foundation construction method for a building, comprising: a hammer having a flat part and a vibration device for making the placing surface flat after the ready concrete placing work.

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