FR2774712A1 - Prefabricated panels and posts, used for constructing exterior walls of buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

Panels (1a) are attached by bolts (10) and threaded dowels (11) to the notches outer flanges of metal uprights (2). The joints are sealed with foam. Exterior wall comprises prefabricated semi-lightweight concrete panels (1a), attached by bolts (10) and threaded dowels (11) to the notches outer flanges of cold formed U-section metal uprights (2). The joints between the concrete panels are sealed with strips and beads (9) of foam. Flat and corner panels are fastened to the flanges of the uprights and door and window surround panels to their transverse members.

Description

The present invention relates to an exterior wall system with a resistant post-metal beam structure, as well as a specific method of prefabrication of the facing tiles integrated into this system, as described below;
As indicated in FIGS. 1 to 7, the wall system, object of the invention, comprises casing (1) made of semi-light concrete components of polystyrene aggregates, metal posts (2) and (3), interior lining in tiles. plaster (4), glass wool insulation layer (5), ventilated air space (6) and interior plaster (7).

 The choice of these materials is justified by their high performance in the protection of steel structures against fire.

The components of the envelope (I) conform to a series modulation of
Fibonacci, and their weight does not exceed 70kg, in order to avoid significant means of lifting and handling.

Compared to existing systems, the wall system according to the present invention has its own characteristics, as described below;
Existing wall systems use facade slabs made of ordinary concrete of density 2.4, generally comprising ribs appearing on the posterior faces. In the absence of a direct connection device between posts and facade slabs which would avoid the thread-like cracks often observed along the vertical joints, and this, due to the small widths of the merchant laminates in IPE 80 and IPE 100 used, these systems are content with assembly toads adjoining the facade tiles to the wings of these posts.

 As indicated in FIGS. 1 to 5, the wall system according to the invention overcomes this drawback by using cladding posts (2) made of cold-formed U-shaped profiles, 50 mm wide, and the outer wings of which have notches ( 12) or holes through which the screws (10) pass before threading into the threaded bushings (11), thus ensuring direct bolting of the components (la) to (If).

Figures I and 2 represent, respectively, the horizontal and vertical sections of a wall provided with two distinct metallic structures: Cladding posts in cold formed sections (2), on the one hand, and posts of resistant structure in merchant laminates (3), on the other hand. This case relates to constructions with portal frames or with several stages, whose posts of resistant structure are strongly requested. For individual houses, the posts (2) can, subject to verification by calculations, play both the role of cladding and resistant structure, on the express condition that they are made of hot-rolled sheets, or sheets LAC, whose mechanical characteristics are equivalent to those of merchant laminates, of the type
IPE or similar.

 Figures 3, 4 and 5 show, respectively, the protruding angle, re-entrant angle, and bay framing devices, making it possible to integrate corners, and to vary the heights of spandrels and widths of switchboards. berries. The slabs (la) and elements of salient angles (lb) are connected, frontally, to the outer wings of the posts (2), and the window frames (1 c), laterally, to their core.

 Figures 6 and 7 show, by way of non-limiting example, the main facade and the standard sections of the external wall, according to the invention, of an individual housing on one level. The envelope (i) has an exterior facing in architectural concrete and with hollow joints, comprising: Rectangular or trapezoidal slabs (la), salient corner elements (lb), window frames (il), post bases (il) , cornices (le) and jambs (If). In addition to the particular aesthetics thus conferred on the facade, the diversity of width and height of the slabs (la) of the salient corner elements (lb), makes it possible to size the bays according to functional criteria.

Furthermore, the processes used, at present, for the prefabrication of conventional concrete facade slabs, have the following characteristics;
In order to avoid the use of molds and methods of using excessively expensive concrete, the rear face, of sinuous shape, is placed at the bottom of the horizontal mold. The front side is thus found above the mold, making the quality of its surface appearance random. Hence the need to systematically plan an external coating of the facade walls.

The new process according to the invention makes it possible to design slabs (la) of architectural concrete with hollow joints, the sealing of which is ensured by means of strips (8) and cords (9) of polyethylene foam placed at the bottom. seal, as described below;
Instead of the usual concrete, the collective mold according to the invention uses a semi-light concrete of polystyrene aggregates. Tests carried out by the CEBTP have shown that concrete reinforced with a welded mesh and dosed at 400 kg / m3 of cement type
CEM Il 32.5, 400 liters of 1 / 3.5 polystyrene beads treated on the surface with a mineral additive, 400 liters of sand and 160 to 180 liters of water, reached with a density of 1.2 , a compressive strength, at 24 hours and 28 days, respectively, of 8 and 40 kg / cm2
Due to the reduction of its density by half, compared to usual concrete, the above-mentioned semi-light concrete makes it possible to give the slab (la) flat and parallel faces, one, anterior, disposed at the bottom dc mold, and the other, posterior, coming above the mold, while maintaining its weight at a level equivalent to that of a ribbed concrete slab of the same dimensions.

 As indicated in FIG. 8, relating to the collective mold in the molding position, the bottom (13) receives the anterior faces of the slabs (] a) forming architectural facing, and the transverse strips (14) are used both for molding transverse cheeks of the slabs, and the positioning of the threaded bushings (II).

Assembled with the longitudinal rulers (15) through the notches (16), the transverse strips (14) assume the positions corresponding to the desired slab widths.

In addition, the key (17) advantageously replaces the clamping clamp used in existing processes, relatively slower to implement and often seized by the cement accidentally spilled on its thread.

 Figures 9 and 10 show, respectively, an elevational view and a longitudinal section, specifying the positions of the key (17) and the device for fixing the threaded sleeves (it) to the transverse strips (14).

 The figure shows the mold in the demolding position: We rctire the rulers (15) after removing the keys (17), screws (10) and rulers (14). To unmold the slab, it suffices, then, to attach a hoist to the sockets (11) by means of the screws (10).

 To produce slabs (la) of varying heights, the longitudinal rule (15) used for molding the rejingot is provided with a frame (18) of appropriate dimensions. Figures 12 and 13 show the collective mold equipped with the frame (18), respectively, in molding and demolding positions.

Claims (4)

 1.System of wall e; terieur with resistant structure in post-beam metallltlucn characterized in that it comprises the posts of cladding (2) in profiles cn U cold shapes, whose outer wings include the notches (19) used for the 'assembly, by screws (10) and threaded bushings (11), of the components of an envelope (1) for external facing.  2. Wall system according to Claim I, characterized in that the envelope (1) forms an exterior facing of architectural concrete with hollow joints, the sealing of which is ensured by means of strips (8) and cords (9) made of foam. of polyethylene arranged at the bottom of the joint.  3. Wall system according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the envelope consists of slabs (la) and elements of salient angles (lb) connected to the outer wings of the posts (2), and of frames bays (lc) connected to the soul of these posts.  4. Wall system according to Claim 3, characterized in that it uses slabs (1a) prefabricated with the threaded bushings (11), and the front faces of which have been produced at the bottom of the mold.