FR2819477A1 - Tailgate for a motor vehicle has frame with bodywork connected to form chamber with glazing and stop lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

The tailgate for a motor vehicle has a frame (13) and a bodywork (67) mounted on the frame to define a chamber (73). The tailgate can have an upper section (5), glazing (7) and a lower section (9). A stop lamp (11) can be mounted in the upper bodywork section of the tailgate (15). An Independent claim is include for a method of assembly of the tailgate.

Description

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 The present invention relates to a tailgate of a motor vehicle, and to a method of mounting this tailgate.

 Conventionally, the various pieces of equipment mounted on a tailgate of a motor vehicle (wiper motor, harnesses of cables) are fixed to the underside of this tailgate.

 With such an arrangement, the mounting of these accessories is carried out with the tailgate in the open position, and the person responsible for this mounting must be placed in uncomfortable and tiring postures to position and fix these accessories on the underside of the tailgate.

 The present invention aims to provide a tailgate to overcome these drawbacks.

 This object of the invention is achieved with a tailgate of a motor vehicle, remarkable in that it comprises an element forming a structure and at least one element forming a bodywork attached to said element, these elements defining a hollow volume.

 Thanks to these characteristics, it is possible to attach various pieces of equipment such as a wiper motor or cable bundles to the upper surface of the structure-forming element, then cover these pieces of equipment by means of the body-forming element.

 This equipment can thus be mounted with the tailgate in the closed position, which saves discomfort and fatigue for the person responsible for assembly.

 According to other characteristics of the tailgate according to the invention: - said tailgate comprises an upper part, a window, a lower part and at least one upper element forming a body attached to said element

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 forming a structure in said upper part of said tailgate, said tailgate comprises a rear brake light embedded in said upper body-forming element, - connecting means between said structure element and said upper body-forming element also maintain said rear brake light, said upper body-forming element comprises a return part covering a bonding zone of said window glass on said structural element, - said tailgate comprises a rear brake light mounted as a wall mounted on said return part, - said tailgate comprises fixing means on hinges which are accessible to a tool such as an electric screwdriver when said upper body-forming element is removed, - said tailgate comprises an upper part, a window, a lower part and at least one lower body-forming element attached to said element forming structure in said lower part of said tailgate, said tailgate comprises a lock element mounted on said structure-forming element in said hollow volume defined by this element and by said lower body-forming element, said lower body-forming element comprises a housing for accommodating a license plate light , - said tailgate comprises first orifices formed in said structure-forming element, and second orifices formed in said lower body-forming element, so as to allow air circulation between the interior and exterior of said vehicle,

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 - Said tailgate comprises a valve disposed above said first orifices. said structural element is stamped or molded so as to define a handle for gripping said tailgate, - a trunk light is arranged in the area of said structural element where material has been removed to form said gripping handle, - said tailgate comprises a wiper device chosen from the group comprising linear and rotary wiping devices, said wiper device is mounted on said element forming a structure inside the hollow volume defined by this element and by said element upper body forming, said wiper device is mounted on said structure element inside the hollow volume defined by this element and by said lower body element, - said wiper device is mounted in a housing attached to a part of said structural element which is shaped for this purpose, said tailgate comprises seals arranged és so as to avoid the penetration of water into said wiper device, said structural element is locally profiled so as to define a gutter zone suitable for recovering and discharging water which would have crossed the barrier sealing formed by said seals, said structural element comprises a plurality of ribs adapted to receive bundles of cables, - said tailgate comprises means for fixing said at least one element forming a bodywork on said element

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 forming a structure which are placed so as not to be seen from the outside, - said fixing means are placed in inclined parts of said structural element and of at least one body element, - said fixing means are placed in recesses of said structure-forming element and of said at least one body-forming element, - said structure-forming element and said at least one body-forming element are formed from materials chosen from the group comprising pressed sheet metal and a molded plastic.

à : a) monter ledit élément formant structure sur ledit véhicule automobile, et à - b) rapporter ledit au moins un élément formant carrosserie sur ledit élément formant structure en position fermée. The present invention also provides a method of mounting a tailgate according to the above, remarkable in that it comprises the steps consisting

to: a) mounting said structure element on said motor vehicle, and to - b) attaching said at least one body element to said structure element in the closed position.

 According to other characteristics of this method: - it comprises the additional step, located between said steps a) and b), consisting of mounting said window on said structure element in the closed position, - it comprises the additional step, located between said steps a) and b), consisting of correctly adjusting the opening geometry of said structural element in the closed position by means of said tool, - it comprises the additional step, located between said steps a) and b), consisting fixing said lock element on said structure element in the closed position,

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 - It includes the additional step, located between said steps a) and b), consisting of mounting said wiper device on said structural member in the closed position, - it includes the additional step, located between said steps a ) and b), consisting in placing said cable bundles in the ribs of said structure element in the closed position.

 Other characteristics and advantages of the tailgate according to the invention will appear on examining the drawing in which: - Figure 1 is a simplified perspective view of the rear of a vehicle equipped with the tailgate according to the invention, - FIGS. 2 to 6 are sectional views along the plane Pl of FIG. 1 of different variants of the upper part of the tailgate according to the invention, when this tailgate is in the closed position (solid line) and open position (mixed line), - Figure 7 is a sectional view along the plane P2 of Figure 2 of the variant of the upper part of the tailgate according to the invention shown in Figure 4, - Figures 8 to 13 are sectional views along the plane Pl of Figure 1 of different variants of the lower part of the tailgate according to the invention, and - Figures 14 to 16 are sectional views along the plane P3 of Figure 1 of different variants of the lower part of the tailgate according to the invention.

 Referring now to Figure 1, which shows the rear of a motor vehicle 1 comprising a roof 2, a tailgate 3 according to the invention articulated on this roof and two rear lights 4a, 4b.

 This tailgate 3 preferably comprises an upper part 5, a window 7 and a lower part 9.

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As an option, a rear brake light 11 can be attached to the upper tailgate 5.

 Referring now to Figure 2, on which we see that the tailgate 3 according to the invention comprises a structural member 13, shown in broken lines, formed for example in stamped sheet metal or molded plastic.

 In the upper part 5 of this tailgate 3, a body-forming element 15 is attached to the structure-forming element 13, and fixed to the latter by any suitable means such as self-tapping screws 17,19.

 The upper body element 15 can itself be formed from stamped sheet metal or molded plastic.

 Preferably also, a lining element 20 is attached under the structure element 13, and fixed to the latter by any appropriate means such as by clips (not shown).

 This lining element 20 can be formed of plastic material covered for example with fabric.

 As can be seen, the structural element 13 and the upper body element 15 define a hollow volume 21 in which various accessories can be placed, such as a linear wiper device 23.

 Such a device, known per se, comprises an electric motor 25, a drive pulley 27, a guide rail 29 and a wiper arm support 31 capable of moving in translation along the window 7.

 In a variant not shown, the guide rail 29 can be molded with the structural element 13.

 In a variant also not shown, the wiper device can be, more conventionally, of the rotary sweeping type.

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In the variant shown in Figure 2, the axis 33 of the pulley 27 is almost vertical.

 The pane 7 is glued to the structure-forming element 13 by means of a bead of glue 35.

 Advantageously, the upper body-forming element 15 comprises a return part 37 covering the bonding zone of the window 7, and first 39 and second 41 seals are respectively fixed on the part 37 and on the window 7 so as to pinch the wiper arm support 31.

 The variant of FIG. 3 differs from that of FIG. 2 essentially in that the electric motor, 25, the pulley 27 and the guide rail 29 are arranged in another way.

 In particular, the axis 35 of the pulley 27 is disposed in a substantially horizontal direction, and the guide rail 29 is oriented substantially at 900 relative to the position it occupies in FIG. 2.

 Referring now to Figure 4, in which there is shown a variant of the upper part 5 of the tailgate 3, in which the rear brake light 11 is recessed in a housing 45 provided for this purpose in the upper element forming body 15.

 Advantageously, the screws 19 connecting the structure-forming element 13 to the upper body-forming element 15 are used to secure the light 11 with these elements.

 Reference is now made to FIG. 5, in which a variant has been shown in which the rear brake light 11 is mounted on the back part 37 of the upper element forming the bodywork 15.

 In this variant, the light 11 contributes to concealing the bonding area of the window 7 on the structural element 13.

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 FIG. 6 represents another variant in which the upper body-forming element 15 comprises a lip 46 which extends inside the light 11, this lip being provided with female parts 47 receiving fixing means such as screws 49 for immobilizing fire 11.

l'élément formant structure 13 et le toit 2 du véhicule 1. We now refer to FIG. 7, in which we see one of the hinges 51 interposed between

the structural element 13 and the roof 2 of the vehicle 1.

This hinge comprises first 53 and second 55 knuckles fixed for example by means of first 57 and second 59 sets of screw-nuts respectively on the structural element 13 and on the roof 2.

 Advantageously, the hinge 51 and the structure-forming part 13 are shaped so that the first set of screw-nut 57 can be accessed by means of an electric screwdriver 61 when the upper body-forming element 15 is not not in place.

 Furthermore, as appears on examining FIG. 7, the structural element 13 preferably comprises a plurality of ribs 63 (only one of them being shown) allowing the installation of cable bundles 65 ( only one of these beams having been represented).

 Referring now to FIG. 8, in which we see that, in the lower part 9 of the tailgate 3, a lower body-forming element 67 is attached to the structure-forming element 13, and fixed to the latter by any appropriate means such as sets of screw-nuts 69 and engagements of the lip 71 and groove 72 type (only one of these sets and only one of these engagements being shown).

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Like the upper body-forming element 15, the lower body-forming element 67 can be formed from pressed sheet metal or molded plastic.

 As can be seen, the structure element 13 and the lower body element 67 define a hollow volume 73 in which various equipment can be placed, such as a rotary wiper device 74, and a lock bolt 75 intended to cooperate with a keeper 76 mounted on the edge 77 of the boot of the vehicle 1.

 These accessories can be fixed to the structural element 13 by means of sets of screw-nuts 78, 79 arranged so that they can be tightened with an electric screwdriver 81, 83 when the lower element forming the body 67 is not in place.

 As an option, the lower body-forming element 67 may comprise a housing 85 intended to accommodate a license plate light 87 (fixed) on a rear bumper 89 of the vehicle 1.

 Reference is now made to FIG. 9, in which a variant is shown in which a linear wiper device 23 similar to that shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is used.

 As shown in this figure, in this case, first 39 and second 41 seals are fixed respectively on the lower bodywork element 67 (for example in a groove 91 provided for this purpose) and on the window 7 so as to pinch the wiper arm support 31.

 Preferably, the structural element 13 is locally profiled so as to define a gutter zone 93 suitable for recovering and discharging water which would have crossed the sealing barrier formed by the first 39 and second 41 seals.

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 In the variant shown in Figure 9, the rail 29 of the device 23 is fixed to the structure element 13 by means of a plurality of screws 95 of which only one is shown.

 In a variant shown in FIG. 10, it can be seen that the structure element 13, the rail 29 and the lower body element 67 can advantageously be assembled with the same screws 97 (only one of them having been shown ).

 In the variant of FIGS. 11 and 12, it can be seen that the structure element 13 is locally shaped so as to be able to receive from the outside of the hollow volume 73 a housing 103 comprising a wiper device with linear sweep 23.

 In a variant not shown, this device could be, more conventionally, of the rotary scanning type.

 In vehicles which do not include such equipment (see FIG. 11), a simple seal 105 is fixed to the window 7 and is supported on the lower element forming the bodywork 67, and covers 107 (of which only one is shown). conceal orifices 109 formed in the structural element 13.

 In vehicles which include such equipment, the seal 105 is removed, the seal being ensured by seals 111, 112, 113 integrated into the housing 103.

 The covers 107 are removed so as to allow the installation of means for fixing the housing 103 to the structural element 13 such as screws 114.

 A groove 115 is formed over the entire length of the structure-forming element 13 so as to allow passage of the wiper arm support 31.

 Fixing means such as screws 116 (only one of which has been shown) allow

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 also to secure the lower part of the housing 103 with the structural element 13.

 Referring now to FIG. 13 in which it can be seen that, as a variant, the lower part 9 of the tailgate 3 may comprise on the one hand first holes 117 formed in the structural member 13, and on the other hand second orifices 119 formed in the lower element forming the bodywork 67, so as to allow air circulation (symbolized by the arrows 121) between the interior and the exterior of the passenger compartment of the vehicle 1.

 As an option, a valve 122 formed for example in flexible rubber and / or a grid (not shown) may be arranged above the first orifices 117.

peut être embouti (lorsqu'il est en tôle) ou moulé (lorsqu'il est en matière plastique) de manière à définir une poignée de préhension 123 du hayon 3. Also optionally, the structural element 13

can be stamped (when it is made of sheet metal) or molded (when it is made of plastic) so as to define a grip handle 123 of the tailgate 3.

 Advantageously, a trunk light 125 can be placed in the area of the structural element 13 where material has been removed to form the handle 123.

 Referring now to FIG. 14, in which the arrangement of the tailgate according to the invention is shown when it is closed, in the area of one 4a of the two rear lights 4a, 4b of the vehicle 1.

 In this zone as in that shown in FIG. 7, the structural element 13 can define ribs 63 allowing the installation of cable bundles 65, only one of these bundles having been shown.

 Advantageously, the screws 125 for fixing the lower body-forming element 67 on the structure-forming element 13 (only one of these screws having been shown) can be placed so as not to

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 be seen through the slot 127 defined by the rear light 4a and the lower bodywork element 67.

 This can be achieved by forming inclined parts 129 in the structure element 13 and in the lower body element 67, or, as can be seen in FIG. 15, by forming recesses 131 in these elements (a only one of these recesses having been represented).

 Finally, reference is made to FIG. 16, in which it can be seen that the lower body-forming element 67 can also include a plurality of orifices 133 (only one of which has been shown) arranged in the area of the rear lights 4a, 4b, so as to allow the evacuation of air (symbolized by the arrow 135) coming from the passenger compartment of the vehicle 1 towards the outside via the slot 127.

 The assembly method and the advantages of the tailgate according to the invention result directly from the above.

 To mount the tailgate 3 on the vehicle 1, proceed as follows.

 We start by fixing the hinges 51 (see Figure 7) on the vehicle 1.

 The structure element 13 is then placed on the hinges 51, in the closed position.

 The sets of screw-nuts 57 are then put in place, and they are tightened by means of the screwdriver 61, taking care to correctly adjust the opening geometry of the element 13.

 The element 13 always remaining in the closed position, it is then possible to position the various pieces of equipment in the upper tailgate 5 and in the lower tailgate 9, namely: - the linear wiper device 23 and the seal 41 (variants of FIGS. 2,3, 9,10), or - the housing 103 (variant of FIG. 12), or

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 - the rotary wiper device 74 (variant of FIG. 8), and / or - the cable bundles 65 (see FIGS. 7, 14 and 15), and / or - the valve 122 (see FIG. 13 ), and - the bolt 75 (see FIGS. 8 and 9), of which the set of screw-nut 79 is tightened by means of the screwdriver 83, taking care to carry out the geometry adjustments which are necessary vis-à-vis strike screw 76.

 The window 7 is then bonded to the element 13 by means of the adhesive bead 35.

 We can then add the upper 15 (see Figures 2 to 7) and lower 67 (see Figures 8 to 16) bodywork elements on the structural element 13, and assemble these elements together with the appropriate fixing means (screws 17 , 19 in the variants of Figures 2 to 5, sets of screw-nuts 69 in the variants of Figures 8 to 13, lip 71 and groove 72 in the variant of Figure 8, screw 125 in the variants of Figures 14 to 16) .

 In the variants of FIGS. 4 to 6, it is then possible to fix the rear brake light 11.

 In the variant of FIG. 4, this light is placed in the housing 45, then the screw 19 is used to keep the light 11 and the two elements 13,15 assembled.

 In the variants of FIGS. 5 and 6, this light 11 is fixed respectively to the return part 37 and to the lip 46 by means of the screw 49.

 The advantages of the tailgate according to the invention result directly from the above.

 The above-described equipment can be put in place on the upper surface of the element forming the structure 13, then cover this equipment by means of the upper 15 and lower 67 elements forming the bodywork.

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It is thus possible to mount these devices with the structural element 13 in the closed position, which saves discomfort and fatigue for the person responsible for the assembly.

 It will also be noted that due to its double skin, the tailgate according to the invention can optionally support equipment on its lower surface without the means for fixing this equipment appearing on its upper surface.

 This appears in particular in Figure 12, where we see that the screws 114 and 116 remain invisible from the outside of the tailgate.

 It will also be noted that being able to tighten the sets of screw-nuts 57 (see FIG. 7) and 79 (see FIGS. 8 and 9) while the tailgate 3 is in the closed position, makes it possible to obtain an adjustment at the first attempt. correct the opening geometry of the tailgate 3 and the precision of the closing of the boot lock.

 It will also be noted that in the variant shown in FIG. 3, the orientation of the guide rail 29 is more favorable than that of FIG. 2 when it is desired to bend this rail so that it follows the shape of a rounded rear of the vehicle 1.

 In the variants of FIGS. 2,3, 5 and 6, the return part 37 and / or the stop light 11 mask the upper edge of the window 7, which makes it possible to dispense with an enameling of this aiming edge to hide the bead of glue 35, and thus to achieve significant savings.

 It will be noted that such an arrangement would not be possible if the structural element 13 formed only one piece with the upper body-forming element 15, since it would be difficult to stick the window 7 in the hollow volume located between the structural element 13 and the return part 37.

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 It will also be noted that in the variants of FIGS. 5 and 6, the arrangement of the rear brake light 11 in the extension of the upper part 5 of the tailgate 3 makes it possible to give this part a minimum thickness, and thus to widen the field of vision on the rear window of the vehicle 1.

 Note that the variant of Figure 13 is advantageous because it allows to take advantage of the hollow volume 73 located between the elements 13 and 67 to create a circulation corridor for the air to be evacuated from the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.

 It will be noted that the variants of FIGS. 14 to 16 make it possible to achieve a particularly satisfactory result from an aesthetic point of view insofar as they make it possible to mask the means for fixing the lower element forming the bodywork 67 to the element forming structure 13.

 It will also be noted that in the event of an external impact on the tailgate 3, it suffices to change the upper element 15 and / or lower 67 which has been damaged, which avoids replacing the entire tailgate.

 Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown, provided by way of illustrative and nonlimiting example.

 Thus, for example, only the upper 5 or lower part 9 of the tailgate 3 could conform to the teaching of the foregoing description.

Claims (31)

 CLAIMS 1. Tailgate (3) of a motor vehicle (1), characterized in that it comprises a structure-forming element (13) and at least one body-forming element (15,67) attached to said element (13), these elements defining a hollow volume (21,73).  2. tailgate (3) according to claim 1, comprising an upper part (5), a window (7) and a lower part (9), characterized in that it comprises at least one upper body-forming element (15) attached on said structural element (13) in said upper part (5) of said tailgate (3).  3. Tailgate (3) according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a rear brake light (11) embedded in said upper body-forming element (15).  4. Tailgate (3) according to claim 3, characterized in that connecting means (19) between said structural member (13) and said upper body member (15) further maintain said rear brake light (11).  5. Tailgate (3) according to claim 2, characterized in that said upper body-forming element (15) comprises a return part (37) covering a bonding zone (35) of said window (7) on said structure-forming element (13).  6. tailgate (3) according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a rear brake light (11) mounted on the said back part (37).  7. tailgate (3) according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that it comprises fixing means (57) on hinges (51) which are accessible to a tool such as an electric screwdriver ( 61) when said upper body-forming element (15) is removed. <Desc / Clms Page number 17>  8. Tailgate (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising an upper part (5), a window (7) and a lower part (9), characterized in that it comprises at least one lower element forming a bodywork (67) attached to said structural element (13) in said lower part (9) of said tailgate (3).  9. tailgate (3) according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a lock element (75) mounted on said structural element (13) in said hollow volume (73) defined by this element and by said lower element forming a body (67).  10. Tailgate (3) according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that said lower body-forming element (67) comprises a housing (85) for accommodating a license plate light (87).  11. Tailgate (3) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that it comprises first orifices (117) formed in said structural element (13), and second orifices (119) formed in said lower body-forming element (67), so as to allow air circulation (121) between the interior and exterior of said vehicle (1).  12. tailgate (3) according to claim 11, characterized in that it comprises a valve (122) disposed above said first orifices (117).  13. tailgate (3) according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that said structural member (13) is stamped or molded so as to define a grip handle (123) of said tailgate (3).  14. tailgate (3) according to claim 13, characterized in that a trunk light (125) is disposed in the area of said structural element (13) where the <Desc / Clms Page number 18>  material has been removed to form said grip handle (123).  15. Tailgate (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a wiper device (23) chosen from the group comprising linear and rotary scanning devices.  16. Tailgate (3) according to claim 15 when it depends on claim 2, characterized in that said wiper device (23) is mounted on said structural member (13) inside the hollow volume (21) defined by this element (13) and by said upper body-forming element (15).  17. tailgate (3) according to claim 15 when dependent on claim 8, characterized in that said wiper device (23) is mounted on said structural member (13) inside the hollow volume (73) defined by this element (13) and by said lower body-forming element (67).  18. tailgate (3) according to claim 15 when it depends on claim 8, characterized in that said wiper device (23) is mounted in a housing (103) attached to a part of said structural member ( 13) which is designed for this purpose.  19. Tailgate (3) according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that it comprises seals (39,41; 111,112, 113) arranged so as to prevent the penetration of water into said device. wiper (23).  20. Tailgate (3) according to claim 19, characterized in that said structural element (13) is locally profiled so as to define a gutter zone (93) suitable for recovering and discharging water which would have crossed the barrier sealing formed by said seals (39,41; 111,112, 113). <Desc / Clms Page number 19>  21. Tailgate (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said structural element (13) comprises a plurality of ribs (63) adapted to receive bundles of cables (65).  22. Tailgate (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for fixing (125) of said at least one body-forming element (15,67) on said structure-forming element (13) which are placed so that they are not visible from the outside.  23. Tailgate (3) according to claim 22, characterized in that said fixing means (125) are placed in inclined parts (129) of said structural element (13) and said at least one body element (15,67 ).  24. Tailgate (3) according to claim 22, characterized in that said fixing means (125) are placed in recesses (131) of said structural element (13) and of said at least one body element (15,67) .  25. Tailgate (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said structural element (13) and said at least one body element (15,67) are formed from materials chosen from the group comprising the stamped sheet metal and molded plastic.  26. A method of mounting a tailgate (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting

 a: - a) mounting said structure element (13) on said motor vehicle (1), and <Desc / Clms Page number 20>  - b) attaching said at least one bodywork element (15, 67) to said structure element (13) in the closed position.  27. The method of claim 26 for mounting a tailgate (3) according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises the additional step, located between said steps a) and b), consisting of mounting said window ( 7) on said structure element (13) in the closed position.  28. Method according to one of claim 26 or 27 for mounting a tailgate (3) according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises the additional step, located between said steps a) and b), consisting correctly adjusting the opening geometry of said structure element (13) in the closed position by means of said tool (61).  29. Method according to any one of claims 26 to 28 for mounting a tailgate (3) according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises the additional step, located between said steps a) and b), consisting in fixing said lock element (75) on said structure element (13) in the closed position.  30. Method according to any one of claims 26 to 29 for mounting a tailgate (3) according to any one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that it comprises the additional step, located between said steps a) and b), consisting in mounting said wiper device (23) on said structural element (13) in the closed position.  31. Method according to any one of claims 26 to 30 for mounting a tailgate (3) according to claim 21, characterized in that it comprises the additional step, located between said steps a) and b), consisting in placing said bundles of cables <Desc / Clms Page number 21>  (65) in the ribs (63) of said structure element (13) in the closed position.