FR2818326A1 - Wind system, for stirring water, consists of primary and secondary systems of wind turbines, transmission shafts and hydraulic turbines, mounted on same mast to rotate in opposite directions. - Google Patents

Abstract

The wind system consists of a fixed vertical mast (4), with a primary wind turbine (5) mounted on the mast, a primary hydraulic turbine (7), mounted to rotate in the water, and a primary transmission shaft (9) as a direct link between the turbines. A second wind turbine (6) is mounted on the mast to rotate, in the opposite direction to the primary system, around the mast axis and is linked directly by a second transmission shaft (10), mounted within the primary shaft, to a second hydraulic turbine (8), also mounted in the water.

Description

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Wind mixing system.

The invention relates to a wind-powered water mixing system intended for delaminating water from a body of water.

 The quality of the water in a body of water, such as a pond, a basin or a lake, strongly depends on its oxygenation. One of the major problems with the quality of water bodies is phytoplanktonic eutrophication, which is an excessive development of microscopic algae.

 Water bodies are enriched with nutrients, such as phosphorus or nitrogen, provided in particular by fertilizers and detergents. This contribution allows living organisms (bacteria, fungi, algae) to multiply. These living organisms provide organic matter and inorganic matter to the aquatic environment.

réchauffée par le soleil et l'air ambiant. Comme l'eau chaude est plus légère que l'eau froide, l'eau de surface reste en surface et ne se mélange pas avec l'eau plus profonde et plus froide. Il en résulte une stratification de l'eau du plan d'eau, avec peu d'échange entre les différents niveaux. Même en cas de vents forts en surface, seule la couche chaude de surface est brassée. However, these organisms also consume oxygen to develop. Oxygen in the atmosphere dissolves in water on the surface of the water body. However, in summer, surface water is

warmed by the sun and the ambient air. Because hot water is lighter than cold water, the surface water stays on the surface and does not mix with the deeper, colder water. This results in stratification of the water in the water body, with little exchange between the different levels. Even in strong surface winds, only the warm surface layer is stirred.

Thus, little oxygen is provided in depth.

 As the organisms receive an important nutritive contribution, they consume all the oxygen present in the deep layers without that new contributions come to restore the balance. These waters are characterized by a lack of oxygen, an abnormal mortality of aquatic fauna, the presence of faecal coliforms, E-coli, faecal streptococci.

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 In addition, certain algae, cyanobacteria, can create serious nuisances: surface concentration in the form of flowers of water and production of toxins.

 The proliferation of aquatic plants generates a large amount of organic matter which is deposited on the bottom of the water. This organic matter decomposes anaerobically, due to the lack of oxygen. This decomposition generates gases such as ammonia, methane and hydrogen sulfide, which causes nuisance by bad odors.

 Document CA-1311315 discloses a wind energy water brewer which comprises a floating platform, a mast fixed in the center of the platform, a vertical axis wind turbine rotatably mounted at the top of the mast, a turbine hydraulic rotatably mounted in the water under the platform and a drive shaft directly connecting the turbines.

ainsi, de l'oxygène échangé avec l'eau en surface est apporté à l'eau profonde. La qualité de l'eau est sérieusement améliorée. De plus, les bactéries de l'eau profonde, en revenant à la surface du plan d'eau, sont tuées par les rayonnements ultraviolets du soleil et de la lune. This brewer being installed on a body of water, the wind drives the wind turbine which drives the hydraulic turbine through the drive shaft. The hydraulic turbine sets the water in motion, in particular it creates a vertical movement of the water. In this way, the brewer makes it possible to mix surface water with deep water. Water stratification is therefore avoided and

thus, oxygen exchanged with the surface water is brought to the deep water. The quality of the water is seriously improved. In addition, bacteria from deep water, returning to the surface of the body of water, are killed by ultraviolet radiation from the sun and the moon.

 However, the wind turbine in operation generates drag forces, on the one hand in the wind direction, and on the other hand lateral forces perpendicular to the wind and to the axis of rotation of the wind turbine, due to the deflection wind in passing

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 in the turbine. These forces are hampering the stability of the floating platform.

 The objective of the invention is to provide a wind system for mixing water from a body of water, the operation of which does not generate lateral force.

 With this objective in view, the invention relates to a wind system for mixing water from a body of water, the system comprising a fixed mast having a substantially vertical mast axis, a first wind turbine rotatably mounted on the mast around the axis of the mast, a first hydraulic turbine rotatably mounted in the water, a first transmission shaft directly connecting in rotation the first wind turbine to the first hydraulic turbine, characterized in that the system also comprises a second wind turbine rotatably mounted around the axis of the mast, a second hydraulic turbine rotatably mounted in the water, a second transmission shaft directly connecting in rotation the second wind turbine to the second hydraulic turbine, the second transmission shaft being rotatably mounted in the first transmission shaft, the wind turbines being counter-rotating.

 Thanks to the invention, the system achieves the objective that was set. The system of the invention, placed on a body of water, for example on a floating platform, is exposed to the wind which blows on the surface of the body of water. The wind blowing in the wind turbines causes them to rotate around the mast axis in opposite directions. As a result, wind turbines create lateral forces in opposite directions so that said lateral forces offset or even cancel each other out. Thus, the mast remains balanced.

hydrauliques qui créent le mouvement de brassage de l'eau pour mélanger l'eau de surface avec l'eau profonde. Transmission shafts drive the turbines

hydraulics that create the movement of water mixing to mix surface water with deep water.

Preferably, each wind turbine comprises

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 a plurality of blades regularly distributed in a plane of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the wind turbine, each blade comprising a semi-cylinder of which two diametrically opposed generators delimiting the blade are located in an axial plane of the turbine so that when 'a blade has its face concave to the wind, it undergoes a stronger wind action than when it has its face convex to the wind, this differential action causing the rotation of the turbine.

 Indeed, when the wind blows on the concave (hollow) side of the blade, the drag coefficient is stronger than when the wind blows on the convex side of the blade. The section of the half-cylinder is not necessarily semi-circular. It can for example be semi-elliptical, with either the minor axis or the major axis in the axial plane. This type of turbine has the advantage of being sensitive to any wind direction. Thus, if the wind is changing, the turbine always remains efficient. There is no need to orient the turbine as is the case with horizontal axis wind turbines.

 In addition, the turbine is started at low wind speed, less than 1 m / s. Another advantage is that the speed of rotation of the turbine is self-limiting. Indeed, beyond a speed proportional to the wind speed, the turbine does not provide any torque because the blade which presents the concave face has a speed relative to the wind which decreases while the blade which presents its convex face goes up the wind and at a higher relative wind speed. As the forces exerted on the blades are proportional to the square of the relative speed, the differential action diminishes until it disappears when the speed of rotation of the turbine increases. Opposite directions of rotation are obtained by placing the blades on one side or

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 on the other from the axial plane.

 According to a first embodiment, the hydraulic turbines create an upward vertical flow of water. The water flow thus created sucks the water deep and turns into a horizontal flow when it reaches the surface of the water body. In this way, the cold and poorly oxygenated water rises to the surface to take up oxygen in contact with the air and to mix with the warmer water of the surface. The horizontal current created on the surface by the flow makes it possible to reach areas relatively distant from the mixing system, up to two hundred meters.

 Contrarotating the turbines is also beneficial to the efficiency of the stirring system. Indeed, the first hydraulic turbine inevitably creates a parasitic movement of rotation of the water around the axis of rotation. The second hydraulic turbine, rotating in the other direction, makes it possible to straighten this rotational movement so that the flow is essentially vertical. The efficiency of the brewing system is improved.

 According to a second embodiment, the hydraulic turbines create a descending vertical water flow.

d'eau est ainsi évitée. De plus, l'eau de surface a un taux d'oxygène dissout plus élevé que l'eau profonde. Cet oxygène est ainsi amené en profondeur. Thus, surface water, warmer than deep water, is sent to the bottom of the water body and mixes with the cooler water. The stratification of the plan's water

water is thus avoided. In addition, surface water has a higher dissolved oxygen level than deep water. This oxygen is thus brought to depth.

 Contrarotating the turbines here also has the same advantage as above.

 Preferably, each hydraulic turbine comprises a plurality of blades regularly distributed in a plane of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the hydraulic turbine, each blade comprising a half-cylinder and two generators of the half

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 diametrically opposite cylinder delimiting the blade, the axis of the half-cylinder being radial to the axis of rotation, the concave side of the blade being oriented in the direction of rotation of the turbine, a plane containing the generators being inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to an axial plane of the turbine.

 Thanks to the inclination of the plane of the generators, and therefore of the blades, the rotation of the turbines creates a vertical flow of water. The predetermined angle is chosen so that the action of each turbine is in the same direction.

For example, the concave face of the blade is oriented substantially upwards so that the flow of water is oriented upwards. On the contrary, if the concave face is oriented downwards, the water flow is oriented downwards.

la figure 2 est une vue de dessus d'une plate-forme flottante ; la figure 3 est une vue de dessus des turbines éoliennes ; la figure 4 est une vue en coupe du montage des turbines éoliennes ; la figure 5 est une vue en coupe de la partie immergée du système de brassage. The invention will be better understood and other features and advantages will appear on reading the description which follows, the description referring to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a front view of a stirring system according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of a floating platform; Figure 3 is a top view of wind turbines; Figure 4 is a sectional view of the assembly of wind turbines; Figure 5 is a sectional view of the submerged part of the stirring system.

 The stirring system 1 is intended to be installed on a body of water 2, as shown in FIG. 1. It comprises a floating platform 3, a mast 4 fixed on the floating platform and having a substantially vertical axis , a first wind turbine 5 rotatably mounted on the mast 4, a second wind turbine 6, rotatably mounted on the mast 4 above the first turbine

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 wind turbine 6, a first hydraulic turbine 7, located in the body of water under the floating platform 3 and rotatably mounted around the axis of the mast, a second hydraulic turbine rotatably mounted around the axis of the mast under the first turbine.

 The stirring system 1 also comprises a first transmission shaft 9, rotatably mounted in the mast 4 and which directly connects the first wind turbine 5 to the first hydraulic turbine 7, and a second transmission shaft 10, rotatably mounted in the first transmission shaft 9 and which directly connects the second wind turbine 6 to the second hydraulic turbine 8.

 The floating platform, also shown in FIG. 2, comprises link arms 30, for example six, fixed in a star shape on the mast and floats 31 fixed at the end of the link arms 30. These ends of the link arms link are also connected by spacers 33. Additional floats 32, for example cylindrical, are supported by spacers 33. The floats could also be spherical.

 As shown in FIG. 3, each wind turbine 5,6 has a hub on which four blades 52,62 are fixed. The hub has two parallel flanges 50, 51.60, 61 and fixed on one of the transmission shafts 9,10. Each blade has a support frame 53, 63, for example made of tube, fixed substantially in an axial plane of the drive shaft on each of the two flanges.

 The first turbine 5 is provided to rotate in the direction of arrow F5, for example clockwise in FIG. 3. A half-cylinder is fixed on the frame 53 along the two generators which delimit the semi-cylinder, the concave face being oriented in the opposite direction to arrow F5. The tip of the blade 52 towards the outside diameter of the turbine is substantially stopped

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 beveled.

 The second turbine 6 is provided to rotate in the direction of arrow F6, for example in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 3. A half-cylinder is fixed to the frame 63 along the two generators which delimit the half-cylinder, the concave face being oriented in the opposite direction to arrow F6. The tip of the blade 62 towards the outside diameter of the turbine is stopped substantially at a bevel.

 Referring to Figure 4, the upper end of the mast 4 has a bearing 40 in which is mounted a bearing 41, for example ball. The first transmission shaft 9 is rotatably mounted in the mast by means of the bearing 41. The flanges 50, 51 of the first turbine are fixed to the transmission shaft 9, for example by welding, the lower flange 50 being in bearing against bearing 41.

 The end of the first transmission shaft 9 also includes a bearing 90 which supports a bearing 91. The second transmission shaft 10 is rotatably mounted in the first transmission shaft 9 via the bearing 91. The flanges 60, 61 of the second turbine 6 are fixed on the transmission shaft 10, for example by welding, the lower flange 60 abuts against the bearing 91. Other guide assemblies are possible, without modifying the nature of the invention.

 The first transmission shaft 9 is also guided at the lower end of the mast 4, for example by a bearing not shown, out of the water. The first transmission shaft 9 extends into the water, for example over a submerged depth of 500 mm to 1 m.

As shown in FIG. 5, its end is threaded to receive a hub 70 of the first hydraulic turbine 7. A lock nut 71 also screwed on the first transmission shaft 9 blocks the hub 70 in

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 rotation on the shaft 9.

 The second drive shaft 10 is also guided at the lower end of the first drive shaft 9, for example by a bearing 92. The second drive shaft 10 extends, for example over a distance of 500 mm to 1 m above beyond the end of the first drive shaft 9. Its end is threaded to receive a hub 80 of the second hydraulic turbine 8. A lock nut 81 also screwed on the second drive shaft 10 blocks the hub 80 in rotation on the tree 10.

 Each hydraulic turbine 7.8 has a hub 70.80 on which are fixed four blades 72.82. Each blade has a support frame 73, 83, for example in tube, fixed on each of the two hubs 70, 80 in a plane P inclined at an angle a with respect to the axis of the transmission shafts around an axis radial.

 The first hydraulic turbine 7 is rotated by the first wind turbine 5. A cylindrical half-tube is fixed on the frame 73 along the two generators which delimit the half-tube, the concave face being oriented in the direction of rotation . The tip of the blade 72 towards the outside diameter of the turbine is stopped substantially at a bevel.

 The second hydraulic turbine 8 is rotated in the same direction as the second wind turbine 6. A cylindrical half-tube is fixed to the frame 83 along the two generators which delimit the half-tube, the concave face being oriented in the direction of rotation. The tip of the blade 82 towards the outside diameter of the turbine is stopped substantially at a bevel.

 When the wind blows on the surface of the water, it presses on each of the blades 52,62 of the wind turbines 5,6. Depending on the position of each of the blades, the aerodynamic force on them is variable. If one

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 blade has its convex face, the aerodynamic force is less than the aerodynamic force created on the symmetrical blade which has its face concave to the wind. Thus, a torque is generated which drives the rotation of the wind turbines. Given the orientation of the blades, the two turbines rotate in opposite directions.

à l'horizontal en rayonnant autour de la plate-forme, comme le montrent les flèches Fe. Le mouvement de brassage de l'eau est ainsi créé, et il permet la déstratification de l'eau et son oxygénation en profondeur. The counter-rotating movement is transmitted by the transmission shafts to the hydraulic turbines 7,8. Hydraulic turbines cause an upward movement of water in the axis of the drive shafts. The vertical flow arriving on the surface, it then turns

horizontally by radiating around the platform, as shown by the arrows Fe. The water mixing movement is thus created, and it allows the delamination of the water and its oxygenation in depth.

 The depth position of hydraulic turbines is adjustable thanks to the threads at the ends of the drive shafts. The wind system is thus adapted according to the local depth of the water body.

 The invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described only by way of example. Additional pairs of wind turbines can be added with the drive shafts and the corresponding turbines. This increases the power of the installation, while retaining a limited surface area.

 The blades of hydraulic turbines can be oriented so that the flows created by each turbine are opposite, to create another type of mixing.

 Furthermore, wind turbines can be of a different type, but with a vertical axis. Mention may be made of the Savonius or Lafond turbines, without being limiting. Similarly, the hydraulic turbines can be of a different type, for example of the axial or centrifugal type.

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 Different types of hydraulic turbines can even be combined.

Claims (6)

 CLAIMS 1. Wind system for mixing water from a body of water, the system comprising a fixed mast (4) having a substantially vertical mast axis, a first wind turbine (5) rotatably mounted on the mast (4) around the mast axis, a first hydraulic turbine (7) rotatably mounted in the water, a first transmission shaft (9) directly connecting in rotation the first wind turbine (5) to the first hydraulic turbine (7), characterized in that the system further comprises a second wind turbine (6) rotatably mounted around the axis of the mast, a second hydraulic turbine (8) rotatably mounted in the water, a second transmission shaft (10) directly connecting rotating the second wind turbine (6) to the second hydraulic turbine (8), the second drive shaft (10) being rotatably mounted in the first drive shaft (9), the wind turbines (5,6) being counter-rotating.  2. Wind system according to claim 1, characterized in that each wind turbine (5,6) comprise a plurality of blades (52,62) regularly distributed in a plane of rotation perpendicular to the mast axis, each blade (52 , 62) comprising a semi-cylinder of which two diametrically opposite generators delimiting the blade are located in an axial plane of the turbine (5,6) so that when a blade has its face concave to the wind, it undergoes an action of the wind more strong only when it has its face convex to the wind, this differential action causing the rotation of the turbine.  3. Wind system according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic turbines (7,8) are configured to create an ascending vertical water flow (Fe).  4. Wind system according to claim 1, <Desc / Clms Page number 13>  characterized in that the hydraulic turbines (7, 8) are configured to create a descending vertical water flow.  5. Wind system according to claim 1, characterized in that each hydraulic turbine (7,8) comprises a plurality of blades (72,82) regularly distributed in a plane of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the hydraulic turbine, each blade being oriented to create a vertical water flow.  6. Wind system according to claim 5, characterized in that each blade (72,82) comprising a half-cylinder and two generatrixes of the diametrically opposite half-cylinder delimiting the blade, the axis of the half-cylinder being radial to the axis of rotation, the concave side of the blade being oriented in the direction of rotation of the turbine, a plane (P) containing said generators being inclined at a predetermined angle (a) relative to an axial plane of the turbine.