FR2797898A1 - Earthmoving equipment, for construction of road embankments, comprises blade mounted on ball and socket joint with main chassis and hydraulic cylinders able to turn it about vertical and lateral axes - Google Patents

Abstract

Earthmoving equipment has a blade (10) which is connected at it's lower part to a main chassis (6) by a ball and socket joint (9) which allows rotation in all directions. Two primary hydraulic jacks (59) control right and left motion of the blade and two secondary jacks (64) give rotation about a lateral horizontal axis. Soil is compacted by vibrating skates (11) mounted on a secondary chassis (41)

Description

The present invention relates to the field of public works and the construction of materials for public works.

The present invention relates to a multifunction device mounted at the front of a machine for the construction of road embankments and the like, comprising a blade for pushing materials, leveling them and vibrating pads for compacting them.

One of the main applications of the invention is the production of road embankments, airport runways, earth dikes, railways, foundations in stabilized soils. In the construction of medians, sports fields, and other road works, the materials are generally spread in successive layers. To spread them out, we use a machine called a bulldozer, which is a crawler tractor or a rubber wheel loader with a leveling blade located at the front of the arm, where a bucket makes it possible to dress and adjust layer by layer the materials to have a perfect planimetry. To complete the finishing operation, a grader is used.

A classic grader by its design is long and shines badly. It frequently happens that such a machine cannot be used because of its size and its weight.

However, it is necessary to flatten the materials with precision, the layer of spread material is in the soft state and is subjected to the action of compression of tamping and compacting by means designed for this purpose, taking the form of vibrating plates or vibrating rollers. The spread and compressed layers are considered to be completed when the density of the layer is reached or exceeds prescribed and determined values.

The conventional process described above involves the use of various machines and its complete execution requires a significant time. The problem is to backfill with a single machine simultaneously.

The solution to the problem posed is equipment called a leveling blade with vibrating pads, or earthmoving device, which performs these operations simultaneously by spreading, kneading, leveling, compacting and smoothing the materials transported.

More particularly, the present invention provides an earthmoving device comprising a main chassis, a soil leveling blade and at least one vibrating soil compacting pad arranged behind the blade and mounted on a secondary chassis by means of insulators, the blade being orientable to the right or to the left relative to the main frame by means of two first jacks arranged longitudinally, and tilting laterally relative to the main frame thanks to two second jacks, in which the blade is mounted in its lower part on a lower ball joint integral with the main frame, ensuring articulation of the blade in all directions, the blade is held in its upper part by the front ends of the second cylinders, the second cylinders are arranged in "V" with an angle of about 45 relative to the longitudinal axis of the device and an angle of about 450 relative to the horizontal plane zontal, and the rear ends of the second cylinders are integral with a movable part rotatably mounted on the main frame along a vertical axis located at the base of the lower ball, so that the blade can be simultaneously oriented to the right or left and tilted laterally.

According to one embodiment, at least one of the second jacks comprises a jack elongation sensor, making it possible to control the inclination of the blade.

According to one embodiment, the front part of the skate frame is secured to the blade by means of a pivot and is controlled in rotation relative to said pivot by a skid cylinder whose other end is attached to the blade, and in that the elongation of the skid cylinder is controlled by means of a cylinder elongation sensor.

According to one embodiment, the skate jack comprises, at its end on the skate side, a piston pressure adjustment means provided with a valve making it possible to adjust the amount of air in the oil of the piston means and to control the force compaction exerted by the skate the ground.

According to one embodiment, the blade comprises means for hooking a bucket at the front of the device, and the bucket itself comprises means making it possible to mount at the front of the bucket pusher rollers intended to cooperate in pushing and in rotation with the wheels of a vehicle.

According to one embodiment, the pusher rollers are mounted on a pivot secured to a connection mechanism with the bucket, the connection mechanism comprising a damping cylinder for absorbing thrust shocks.

According to one embodiment, the bucket has a rounded shape and has a double bottom.

According to one embodiment, the device comprises in its rear part, opposite the blade, an interchangeable attachment means for the main chassis to the arm of a machine and means for connecting its hydraulic circuits to the hydraulic circuit of the machine.

According to one embodiment, the articulation cylinders of the blade are arranged to allow rotation of the order of 0 to 27 to the right and to the left. According to one embodiment, the shoe has in its rear part a rounded shape towards the top and rounded outer edges, allowing compaction of the soil in reverse.

According to one embodiment, the blade carries a pair of connecting rods for hanging a pair of side flaps, the flaps being mounted on pivots and independently adjustable by means of jacks.

According to one embodiment, the device is designed to be hooked to a hydraulic shovel.

The device according to the invention will be described in more detail in the following description of an embodiment, in relation to the attached figures among which - Figure 1 is a side view of the multifunction device according to the invention, - Figure 2 is a side view of an essential part of the multifunction device shown in FIG. 1, - FIG. 3 is a schematic rear view of the multifunction device, - FIG. 4 is a top view of the multifunction device, - FIG. 5 is a side view of an element of the multifunction device, - Figure 6 is a top view of the element of Figure 5, - Figure 7 is a side view of the device provided with a rounded cup, - Figure 8 is a bottom view of the multifunction device, and - Figure 9 is a side view of part of the multifunction device.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a multifunction device according to the invention attached to the arm 2 of a machine 1. The device comprises a frame and a movable front part controlled by various hydraulic cylinders independent of each other, mounted on pivots with ball joint and described below, the assembly being controlled by the operator who is in a cabin fitted with joysticks and a control panel.

The arm 2 of the machine 1 is actuated by hydraulic jacks 3, 4 and is hooked by two overturned hooks 5 to the chassis 6 of the device according to the invention, the latter now holding a rotation means 7 mounted on a pivot 8 centered and integral of the chassis 6, vertically aligned above a second rotation means 9 forming a ball joint. These two means of rotation will be described in detail below and advantageously give the front part of the device three degrees of freedom controlled by the aforementioned hydraulic cylinders.

The front part comprises a leveling blade 10 and a vibrating pad 11 mounted on pivots 12. According to an optional aspect of the invention, the blade 10 carries on its front part a bucket 13 without tooth, of rounded shape. The bucket 13 itself carries on its front part of the pusher rollers 14 to which it is hung and fixed by means of a rounded part 16 cooperating with a hook-shaped part 15 articulated relative to the pusher rollers 14. The pusher rollers 14 are mounted on a vertical central pivot 17 integral in its lower part with a mechanism 18 comprising a substantially horizontal hydraulic hub 19, mounted on pivots 20 and 21, the pivot 20 being integral with one end of the hook-shaped part 15, for rotate (22) and adjust the mechanism 18. The hydraulic cylinder 19 is provided with a compression means 24 in order to absorb shocks with a truck 25 transporting materials 26 in a bucket 27. When the bucket is lifted as shown , the materials 26 are poured (28) into the bucket 13 which has a sufficient opening to let the materials pass over the ground.

In summary, the bucket 13 partially carries the push rollers 14 and the adjustment mechanism 18, the assembly being hooked to the bucket 13 by means of the hook 15 which cooperates with the rounded fixing means 16 of the bucket 13.

The materials 26 poured (28) into the bucket 13 are held laterally by the adjustable flaps 29 mounted on pivots 30, actuated by a hydraulic cylinder 31. The flaps 29 are integral with the blade 10 and hooked by a hook 32 to a connecting rod 33 The cup 13 is mounted on pivots 34 and the flap 29 is hooked to the connecting rod 33 and keyed in its lower part by keying means 35. This keying, inside the blade 10, is described below in relation with Figures 5 and 6.

The rollers 14 are integral with the mechanism 18 which is hooked to the rounded part 16 of the bucket 13 by the hook 15, which has in its lower part an attachment means 36 integral with the bucket 13, which is thus carried by the blade 10. L the assembly is held by hydraulic jacks 80 described later in relation to FIG. 3.

The blade 10 carries one end of a hydraulic shoe cylinder 37 advantageously comprising at its shoe side end a piston pressure adjustment means 44. The shoe cylinder 37 is mounted at its two ends (cylinder side 37 and medium side to piston 44) on pivots 38 and 39. Such a jack makes it possible to control the elongation, the rebound and the compression force of the pad. The pad provided with its vibrator 40 is integral with the chassis 41 by means of insulators 42 and 43 (silentblocs).

The entire multifunction device is actuated by the distribution of hydraulic blocks 46 remote controlled by the operator using levers 47, 48 and a control panel 45 for controlling the orientation of the blade and the pressure of the shoe 11 on the materials 26. The assembly is connected by cables 49 or any other means of communication and is supplied by the battery 50 and the hydraulic pump 51 of the machine. This pump 51 supplies the hydraulic blocks 46 with hydraulic hoses 52 comprising a return to the reservoir 53.

Reference will now be made to FIG. 2 which represents in a side view the essential part of the multifunction device according to the invention, devoid of the bucket 13 and the pusher rollers, as well as to FIG. 3 which represents this essential part of the device top view.

The first chassis 6, or main chassis, carries the hydraulic blocks 46 supplied by the hydraulic hoses 52, 53. The chassis 6 can be attached to various machines and for this purpose comprises interchangeable and universal fixing means 54, 55 made integral with the chassis 6 by fixing means 56. The shape of the fixing means 54, 55 is such that it allows an operator to hang the device on the arm 2 of the machine in two movements, the first (57) going up and by hooking the arm by means 54, then by hooking the arm by means 55 by a second movement (58) of the hook of the machine. These means make it possible to have an interchangeable and multifunctional tool.

The chassis 6 in its rear part carries horizontal hydraulic cylinders 59 mounted on ball pivots 60. The cylinders are attached at their front end to the front part of the device (leveling blade) by ball pivots 61. The fixing means with ball 60, 61 are centered with respect to the curved center of the blade and to 90 thereof. These hydraulic cylinders allow rotation of the blade to the left and to the right relative to the direction of advancement of the device.

The rotation means 7 mentioned above, mounted on the pivot 8, is integral with the blade 10 and its axis of rotation (mathematical axis of the pivot 8) is aligned vertically on the rotation means 9 forming a ball joint. Hydraulic jacks 64 mounted on swivel pivots 65, 66 and provided with a sensor 70 for millimeter measurement for measuring the elongation of the jacks, make it possible to control the lateral inclination of the blade 10.

The rotation means 9 is made integral with the chassis 6 by fixing means 63. The assembly comprising the blade 10, the shoe 11, possibly the bucket 13, the pusher rollers 14 and the flaps 29, is articulated by the hydraulic jacks .

The multifunction device with these universal articulation means allows the operator, by means of the levers, to simultaneously pivot and tilt the blade 10 and the shoe 11 mounted on pivot 12, the assembly being held by the chassis 41 The latter carries the insulators 42, 43 of the shoe 11 provided with the vibrator 40. The assembly pivots (71) in closing and opening with the hydraulic cylinder 37. The hydraulic cylinder 37 provided with a sensor 69 for measuring elongation allows to control the closing and the opening (71) of the pad, that is to say its orientation relative to the ground. The piston pressure adjustment means 44 in its upper part carries an adjustment valve 72 advantageously making it possible to increase or decrease the air pressure for controlling the expansion and the compression force of the compaction according to the thicknesses of materials to be compacted spread by the blade 10 in particular in order to be able to compact in forward and reverse.

Furthermore, to promote compaction in reverse, the rear of the shoe 11 is provided with a part 73 rounded upwards which is interchangeable and made integral with the shoe 11 by fixing means 74, 75. The blade 10 in its part bottom is provided with a curved hatch 76 mounted on pivots 77, and with a pressure means 78 for closing the curved hatch 76 according to the profile of the blade 10.

We see by combining Figures 2 and 3 that the cylinders 64 are arranged in "V" at an angle of 45 relative to the longitudinal axis (Figure 3) or axis of advancement of the device, and are also oriented downward. 45 relatively to the horizontal. Of course, these angles of 45 are angles of rest and change when the various jacks are lengthened or shortened asymmetrically. The rear part of these jacks is integral with the movable part 7 which is rotatably mounted around the vertical axis 9, 9A which overhangs the lower ball joint 9 on which the lower part of the blade 10 is articulated. As the blade is held in its upper part by the front ends of the two jacks, it follows that the blade, and more particularly the blade and skid assembly, can be oriented simultaneously in all directions, that is to say to the right or to the left and in lateral inclination, which gives the device of the invention great flexibility of use. The rotation to the right or to the left of the blade is ensured by the horizontal cylinders 59 visible in FIG. 2. The cylinders in "V" adapt in elongation to the movements imposed by the horizontal cylinders, and vice versa. In addition, the particular shape of the skids, raised upwards in its rear part and having rounded angles, makes it possible to carry out compaction work in reverse.

Figure 3 shows that the device according to the invention here comprises on either side of its longitudinal axis two pads 11A, 11B and two corresponding pad cylinders 37 each provided with a piston pressure means 44, only the pad left and its cylinder, visible in Figures 1 and 2, having been described above.

The device according to the invention is designed symmetrically on either side of a vertical central axis 68 to allow combinations of orientation and inclination of the blade 10 and the pads 11A and 11B. The main chassis 6 carries the hydraulic cylinders 59 mounted on pivots 60, 61. These hydraulic cylinders are at their front end secured to the blade 10 by ball and socket pivots. These hydraulic cylinders 59 are perfectly centered (68) between the top and the bottom of the curve of the blade 10 and of the ball joint 9. The ball joint 9 carries the blade 10 by means of the fixing means 62 and is integral with the chassis 6 by the fixing means 63. The ball 9 is perfectly centered (68) on the rotation means 7 mounted on the pivot 8 which holds the top of the blade 10 by means of the "V" jacks 64. The assembly allows the blade 10 and the pads 11A and 11B to orient and tilt simultaneously or separately.

All of the means 64, 37, 80, 59 is actuated by the hydraulic blocks 46 supplied by the pipes 52 and 53. The blade 10 carries the pads 11A and 11B mounted on pivots 12 supported by the frames 41 and 41A carrying the insulators 42 and 43.

Advantageously, the piston pressure adjustment means 44 is provided with an adjustment valve 72 making it possible to increase or decrease the mixture of air and oil in the means 44. This hydropneumatic combination makes it possible to control the force of compaction of the pads 11A and 11B on the materials 26 spread by the blade 10 according to the thicknesses of the materials 26 to be compacted.

The blade 10 carries hydraulic cylinders 80 mounted on the pivot 12 of the pads, making it possible to pivot the bucket 13 on the pivots 34. The blade 10 carries means 33 for fixing the connecting rods, provided with orifices 79 for receiving the hooks 32 flaps 29 described in FIGS. 5 and 6.

The blade 10 in its lower part carries hatches 76 curved according to the profile of the blade, mounted on pivots 77 provided with compression means 78 for closing the hatches 76, described in FIGS. 5 and 6.

The pads 11A, 11B are provided with interchangeable parts 73A and 73B integral with the pads 11A, 11B by fasteners 74, 75.

Figure 4 is a top view of the device according to the invention. In order to facilitate understanding of the figure and not to overload the drawings, exploded views are represented by dotted lines 83, 84, 85, 86 showing the combinations of orientation and inclination of the blade 10 supporting the pads 11A and 11B, for compacting materials 26 in forward and reverse.

The blade 10 is oriented (88) from 0 to 27. The assembly is secured to the chassis 6 provided with interchangeable hooks 54 and 55 and secured by the fixing means 56, the entire tool being attached to a small or large machine.

The chassis 6 comprises the hydraulic blocks 46 for the distribution of the hydraulic liquid pressurized by the pump 51 of the machine 1, for the operation of the pair of hydraulic cylinders 59 and the pair of hydraulic cylinders 64. The pair of hydraulic cylinders 37 is provided with sensors 69 for controlling the closing and opening of the pads 71. The chassis 6 carries the pair of hydraulic cylinders 59 mounted on ball joints 60 whose front ends are mounted 30 on the ball joints 61 integral of blade 67.

The ball pivots 61, 66 are integral with the rotation means 7 and 9 making it possible to orient (88) and tilt (91) the blade 10 and the pads 11A and 11B. The ball 9 allows to tilt (91) and orient (88) from 0 to 27 the blade 10 and the pads 11A and 11B according to the development (89) or the closure (90) of the pair of hydraulic cylinders 59. The ball 9 provided with fixing means 62 on the blade side 10 and fixing means 63 on the chassis side 6 is vertically aligned on the axis of rotation 8 (pivot) of the rotation means 7 and 90 relative to the spreading and compaction of the materials 26, this principle being unknown to date according to the operating mode described and shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 without limitation.

FIG. 4 shows the perfect alignment of the point of the blade 10 on the interchangeable part 73A secured to the shoe 11A, which makes it possible to reverse the vibration of the vibrators 40 secured to the shoes 11A and 11B and to compact in reverse 87B.

The shoe 11B also comprises an interchangeable piece 73B secured to the shoe by fixing means 74 and 75. The piece 73B by its rounded up shape makes it possible to compact during the retraction of the tool. The blade 10 oriented at 27 shows the perfect alignment of the blade 10 on the part 73B making it possible to reverse the vibration of the vibrators 40 integral with the pads 11A and 11B and to compact in reverse (87A, 87B) without leaving any trace during l tool recoil action.

The blade 10 carries the pressure means 44 present at the end of the jacks 37, provided with adjustment valves 72, which exert pressure on the frames 41 and 41A and make it possible to maintain the pads 11A and 11B in pressure on the materials 26 spread by the blade 10.

Figure 5 is a side view of the flap 29 attached to the blade 10 of the device according to the invention. The flap 29 is hooked to the blade 10 by means of a hook 32 with rods 33 of rounded shape provided with an orifice 79. The shape of the rounded rod 33 makes it possible to hang the flap 29 and to make it pivot downwards (95) so that the keying means 35 provided with its conical orifice 96 engages in the conical sliding pivot 99. The keying means 35 at its also conical end 97 which is introduced into the mechanical part 98 by the hatch 76 mounted on pivots 77 under the action of pivoting (95). The part 35 inserted receives the conical sliding pivot 99 which enters the conical orifice 96 making the assembly integral with the blade 10. The flap 29 also pivots horizontally around a pivot 30.

In the embodiment of the invention, it is shown the perfect alignment of the center of the orifice 79 on the pivot 30 allowing the pivoting (95), and the orientation of the flap (29) and the keying of the assembly to the connecting rod 33, made integral with the blade 10 by the entire keying 35, 98, 99. The flap 29 has a notched part 102 for pivoting the flap 29, actuated by a second notched means 103 actuated by the hydraulic cylinder rotary 104 supported by the fixed part described by the dotted lines 105. The shutter 29 carries a pair of wear means 106 integral with the shutter 10 by fixings 107. To detach the shutter 29 from the blade 10, a declavetating means 108 is provided , provided with a tab 109 allowing the declaved means 108 to pivot (110) on the pivot 12, to compress the pressure means 111 upwards 112, to declaw the sliding pivot 99 of the mechanism 98 and to release the mechanism 35 so to take down the whole of the l core 10. The mechanism is described by way of example and can be replaced by hydraulic cylinders. The sliding pivot 99 and the keying means 108 are shown in Figure 5 without limitation.

Figure 6 is a top view of the flap attached to the blade 10 via its hook 32 and the connecting rod 33. The flap 29 keyed to the blade 10 carries the pair of wear means 106 by means of fixing 107. The flap 29 offers a possibility of pivoting from 0 to 27.

The flap 29 is integral with its pivot 30, the latter being provided with the pair of connecting rods 100 and 101 already mentioned, one of the connecting rods being provided with a notched means 102 on the orientable flap side and a second notched means 103 driven by the rotary hydraulic cylinder 104. The latter is carried by the fixed part of the flap 29, shown by dotted lines 105, provided with its hook 32 attached to the connecting rod 33. The keying means 35 cooperates (95) with the mechanical part 98. The vertical sliding means 99 has entered the keying means 35 making the flap 29 and the fixed part 105 in dotted lines integral with the blade 10. The fixed part 105 of the flap is provided with wear means 114 integral with the flap 29 by fixing means 115. The declavetting of the assembly is effected by the keying mechanism 108 by pivoting on the pivots 12 and by releasing the keying 35 from this conical part by a reverse movement. The hatch 76 mounted on pivots 77 closes (116) under the constraint of the pressure means 78.

Figure 7 is a side view of the device according to the invention provided with a frame 117 allowing the attachment of the tool with hydraulic shovels. By its design, the means of rotation comprises a ring 118 which allows it to be secured to the frame 117 and the blade 10 provided with these fixing means on the blade side 119 and on the chassis side 120 so as to be able to tilt the whole tool. , the blade, the bucket, and the shoe from right to left and from left to right. The chassis 117 carries a hydraulic cylinder 121 mounted on ball pivots 122, 123. The chassis 117 is provided with a pair of pivots 124 for hooking on small or large hydraulic shovels. The chassis 117 carries the hydraulic blocks 46 supplied by the hydraulic hoses 52, 53 of the hydraulic shovel, retaining the same principle of operation of the hydraulic and electrical guidance described above. The blade 10 carries a bucket 125 provided with means for earthworks of the points 126. The bucket 125 is of rounded shape 127 similar to the profile of the blade 10. The bucket has a second rounded shape 128 allowing the prediction of a double bottom 129. The bucket 125 is mounted on pivots 34. The bucket 125 is actuated by the hydraulic cylinders 80. The blade 10 carries the hydraulic cylinder 37 provided with its sensor 59. The piston pressure adjustment means 44 is provided with its valve 72 for increase the air-in-oil capacity in order to adjust the pressure necessary for good compaction with the pad 11 which pivots on the pivot 12 actuated in closing and opening 71 by the hydropneumatic means mounted on the pivots 39 and 38, acting on chassis 41 and 41A. Figure 8 is a top view of the device according to the invention showing the blade 10. The pads 11A and 11B are provided with a pair of interchangeable widening parts 130A 130B. The set of means 130A and 130B integral with the pads 11A and 11B makes it possible to compact variable widths. The blade 10 carries at its front the bucket 13 actuated by the hydraulic cylinders 80 mounted on pivots 12, 81, and pivots on the pivots 34 for the opening of the bucket 13. The bucket 13 comprises a rounded part 16 making it possible to hang the hook 15. The mechanism mounted on pivots 23 carries a pair of hydraulic cylinders 19 with pressure means 24.

The device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 is designed to push a truck 25 with the machine 1 by bringing the rollers 14 into contact with the wheels 132. The assembly is held by the chassis 133 mounted on pivots 17 allowing free pivoting 134 The truck 25 pours the materials 26 when the bucket 27 is lifted, the materials pour (28) into the bucket 13 which has a predetermined opening according to the thicknesses to be equalized and compacted. The materials 26 are retained by the flaps 29A and 29B on the sides at the ends of the blade. The symmetrically orientable flaps are attached to the pair of connecting rods 33 at the ends of the blade 10, and keyed by the aforementioned keying mechanisms. The materials 26 are leveled by the blade 10 and compacted over the entire width of the tool, from the left shutter 29A to the right shutter 29B. The pair of interchangeable parts 130A 130B which has been described by way of example can be replaced by other parts. FIG. 9 is a partial side view showing the pusher rollers attached to the bucket 13 with the hook 15 and held by the attachment 36 of the bucket 13, pushed by the machine 1 shown in FIG. 1. Depending on the work to be carried out and the materials to be put in place, it is often necessary to proceed with spreading by layer, hence the need to provide a mechanism 18 for adjusting the push rollers 14. The height 135 of the blade 10 and of the bucket 13 requires an opening corresponding to the quantity of materials 26 to be received and equalized with the blade 10, in order to coincide with the variations in the thicknesses of the materials 26. The push rollers 14 mounted on a set of pivots 17, 20, 21, 23, 131, 34 compensate for the variations. The truck 25 moves back until the wheels of the truck 132 touch the rollers 14. The mechanism 18 with its hydraulic means mounted on pivots 20, 21 makes it possible to adjust the height of the rollers 14 as a function of the height of the axis of the wheels of the truck 25. The adjustment cylinder 19 provided with its pressure means 24 makes it possible to absorb (136) the shocks and to have permanent contact with the wheels 132 of the truck 25 and the rollers 14. The assembly is held to the bucket 13 by the hook 15, the bucket itself being mounted on the pivot 34 held by the medium cylinder 80 offering various openings 137A, 137B, 137C of the bucket depending on the thickness of the materials 26 to be adjusted. The hydropneumatic combination of the jack 37 and the piston pressure adjusting means 44, the assembly being mounted on the pivots 39 and 38, makes it possible to exert pressures according to the thicknesses of materials with variable control according to the development of the hydraulic jack 37 controlled by means of the measurement sensor 69 and displayed in table 45 (Figure 1). The adjustments are made according to the resistance of the materials 26A, 26B, 26C to be compacted, with the flotation of the pads which is more or less hard according to the increase in the air mixed with the oil in the pressure adjustment means with piston 44. This results in more or less rigid compression. The present invention thus allows the mounting on the same tool of a leveling blade comprising vibrating pads, a bucket for earthwork and carrying, rollers for pushing a truck, and flaps for laterally retaining the materials. The assembly can be simultaneously oriented left right and tilted laterally while maintaining a constant slope. Other aspects, objects and advantages of the present invention follow from the description and the claims.

The present invention is of course susceptible of various variant embodiments and improvements.

 In particular, it is obvious that the hydraulic cylinders described in the foregoing can be replaced by any other equivalent means, in particular pneumatic or electric cylinders.

Claims (12)

1. Earthmoving device comprising a main chassis (6), a blade (10) for leveling the soil and at least one vibrating pad (11) for compacting the soil arranged behind the blade and mounted on a secondary chassis (41) by the intermediate insulators (42, 43), the blade being orientable to the right or to the left relative to the main frame by means of two first jacks (59) arranged longitudinally, and tilting laterally relative to the main frame thanks to two second jacks (64) , characterized in that - the blade (10) is mounted in its lower part on a lower ball joint (9) integral with the main chassis, ensuring articulation of the blade in all directions, - the blade (10) is held in its upper part by the front ends of the second cylinders (64), - the second cylinders (64) are arranged in "V" with an angle of about 45 relative to the longitudinal axis of the device and an angle of about from 45 relative to the horizontal plane, and - the rear ends of the second cylinders are integral with a movable part (7, 65) rotatably mounted on the main frame (6) along a vertical axis (8) located directly above the ball joint lower (9), so that the blade can be simultaneously oriented to the right or to the left and inclined laterally. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the second jacks comprises a sensor (70) for extending the jack, making it possible to control the inclination of the blade. 3. Device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the front part of the frame (41) of the shoe (11) is integral with the blade (10) by means of a pivot (12) and is controlled in rotation relative to said pivot by a shoe cylinder (37), the other end of which is hooked to the blade (10), and in that the elongation of the shoe cylinder is controlled by means of a cylinder extension. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the shoe cylinder (37) comprises at its end on the shoe side a piston pressure adjustment means (44), provided with a valve (72) for adjusting the amount of air in the oil of the piston means (44) and to control the compaction force exerted by the pad on the ground. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the blade (10) comprises means (33, 79) for hanging a bucket (13) at the front of the device, and in that the bucket (13) itself comprises means (16, 20) making it possible to mount at the front of the bucket pusher rollers (14) intended to cooperate in thrust and in rotation with the wheels of a vehicle (25). 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the pusher rollers (14) are mounted on a pivot (17) secured to a mechanism (18) for connection with the bucket (13), the connection mechanism (18 ) comprising a damping cylinder (19) for absorbing thrust shocks. 7. Device according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the cup has a rounded shape (127) and has a double bottom (128, 129). 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises in its rear part, opposite the blade, an interchangeable attachment means of the main chassis to the arm (2) of a machine ( 1) and means for connecting its hydraulic circuits to the hydraulic circuit of the machine. 9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blade articulation cylinders (10) are arranged to allow rotation of the order of 0 to 27 to the right and to the left 10. Device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the shoe has in its rear part an upward rounded shape and rounded outer edges, allowing compaction of the ground in reverse. 11. Device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the blade (10) carries a pair of connecting rods (33) for hanging (32) a pair of side flaps (29), the flaps being mounted on pivots (30) and independently adjustable by means of cylinders. 12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is intended to be hooked to a hydraulic shovel.