FR2793826A1 - CONSTRUCTION BLOCK FOR THE REALIZATION OF A CORNER OF A BUILDING WALL - Google Patents

Abstract

This block (1) comprises: - a part (2) having a convex-shaped end, this part (2) being suitable for constituting a construction element with a convex-shaped end, or one half of such a construction element; - a part (3) having one end of concave shape, this part (3) being suitable for constituting a construction element with a concave end, or one half of such a construction element, this end of concave shape being specific to be engaged around the convex-shaped end of a construction element with a convex-shaped end, depending on the angle of the wall to be produced; and- an intermediate part (4) rupturable, connecting the two aforementioned parts (2, 3) of the building block (1) and capable of being broken during the construction of the wall to separate these two parts (2, 3) and thus constitute the two aforementioned construction elements, or the two aforementioned construction element halves.

Description

i The present invention relates to a building block intended

  the realization of a building wall angle.

  It is known to make an angle, generally an obtuse angle, at the level of a wall, by using building blocks, some of which have a rounded longitudinal end of convex shape, and others a rounded longitudinal end of concave shape. A block with a concave end can be placed in the extension of a block with a convex end, at the desired angle, so that its concave end is engaged around the convex end of the other element, and

reciprocally.

  The disadvantages of existing building blocks are that they are relatively complex and expensive to manufacture and operate, owing to the obligation to produce and market two types of element. It is therefore necessary to provide for two types of manufacturing, to manage two stocks of different products, and to package and deliver both simultaneously.

series of products.

  There are building blocks to partially remedy this situation: each of these blocks comprises, on the same longitudinal end, a rounded part of convex shape extending over half the height of the block and a rounded part of concave shape extending over the other half of this height, and each block is symmetrical with respect to its median longitudinal plane; a block can thus be turned over with respect to an adjacent block, so that the concave and convex rounded parts of the adjacent ends of these

  two blocks can come in reciprocal nesting.

  This technique makes it possible to manufacture only one type of block, but has the drawback of requiring that the blocks be symmetrical with respect to their median longitudinal plane. In addition, the shape of the blocks is relatively complex, which leads to the use of multi-part molds, and prohibits the use of advantageous manufacturing techniques.

  in this type of application, in particular extrusion manufacturing.

  The present invention aims to remedy these essential drawbacks. For this purpose, the building block which it relates comprises - a part having an end of convex shape, this part being suitable for constituting a building element with end of convex shape, or half of such a building element; - A part having a concave end, this part being suitable for constituting a construction element with a concave end, or half of such a construction element, this concave end being suitable for being engaged around the convex end of a building element with convex end, according to the angle of the wall to be produced; and - a breakable intermediate part, connecting the two aforementioned parts of the building block and capable of being broken during the construction of the wall to separate these two parts and thus constitute the two aforementioned construction elements, or the two element halves of

construction mentioned above.

  The invention provides a building block comprising a concave end portion and a convex end portion connected together by a ruptible intermediate part, the rupture of this intermediate part occurring at the time of the construction of the wall. A single tool can therefore be used to manufacture this block, and the blocks manufactured are identical, so that there is no need to manufacture, manage, package and deliver two series of different blocks but only one series

  of identical building blocks.

  Advantageously, the various aforementioned parts of the block are profiled, and these parts are made of the same material, said intermediate part being constituted by webs of this material, which connect

  said parts comprising the ends of concave and convex shape.

  The block according to the invention can thus be produced as a whole by extrusion of a material commonly used to manufacture such construction elements, in particular clay used to manufacture bricks. Aerated concrete can also be used to make

this block.

  According to one possibility, the faces of the parts comprising the convex and concave ends which are connected to said intermediate part are the transverse faces of the building elements, or halves of building elements, intended to come inside the wall to to build. The rupture of this intermediate part leaves no visible trace on the outside of the construction elements, once these are put in place.

place in the wall.

  According to another possibility, the parts comprising the ends of convex and concave shape are connected to said intermediate part by their faces delimiting these ends of convex shape and

  concave, these faces being arranged so as to run alongside one another.

  The advantage of this block is that it is easy to

  handle and pack given its shape.

  Said convex and concave end portions may, after rupture of said intermediate portion, completely constitute two construction elements. In this case, the parts with convex and concave ends respectively have convex and concave rounded ends of substantially semi-cylindrical shape. These same parts can constitute only half of the corresponding construction elements, the complete construction elements being produced by grouping together portions of construction elements from two building blocks. In this case, each block has a width corresponding to half the wall to be made; the convex end part comprises two parallel lateral faces, one of which is extended by a convex face extending as far as the plane of the other lateral face, ie at an angle at the center of substantially 90; the part with concave end comprises two parallel lateral faces of different lengths, the ends of which are joined by a concave face of shape

  substantially opposite to that of the convex face of the other part.

  Advantageously, the convex end portion of each block comprises a recess which crosses it right through in the vertical direction of the construction element, the various recesses of the construction elements superimposed within the wall jointly delimiting a vertical cavity which s extends over the height of the wall, cavity in which a reinforcement can be put in place and concrete can be poured to ensure

  the final stiffening of the wall at said angle.

  Preferably, in this case, said recess has a circular cross section, when said convex end portion is intended to constitute the entire construction element, or has a semi-circular cross section, when this same portion is intended

  to constitute only half of said construction element.

  Preferably, the parts with convex and concave ends

  above have a length ratio ranging from substantially one to two.

  The different lengths of these parts make it possible to offset the joints between two adjacent construction elements within the wall,

  from one row of building elements to the next row vertically.

  In addition, preferably, each of said parts with a convex end and a concave end comprises, at its transverse face intended to be placed against an adjacent building block within the wall, at least one groove suitable for being filled with the material. jointing building elements, or adapted to receive at least one corresponding rib of an adjacent building element that includes the wall, to ensure the fixing of each building element located at said angle with said adjacent building element. The convex and concave shaped ends can be rounded, allowing an infinite number of possible positions of a concave shaped end construction element with respect to a convex shaped end construction element, or can include facets, allowing to define a determined number of possible positions of a building element with a concave end relative to

  a building element with a convex end.

  For its proper understanding, the invention is again described below with reference to the appended schematic drawing showing, by way of nonlimiting examples, two possible embodiments of the block of

construction it concerns.

  Figure 1 is a perspective view of this block according to a first embodiment; Figure 2 is a perspective view of a half of a "male" building element obtained from the block shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a perspective view of a half of a "female" building element obtained from the block of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a top view of a "male" building element and a "female" building element, these elements being respectively obtained by bringing together two element halves shown in Figure 2, and two element halves shown in Figure 3; three possible positions of the female building element relative to the male building element are shown, one in solid lines, the other two in phantom; FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a building wall at an angle which this wall comprises, this angle being obtained by means of a series of construction elements as shown in FIG. 4, and the Figure 6 is a top view of the block according to a second

embodiment.

  FIG. 1 represents a building block 1 comprising a part 2 having an end of convex shape, a part 3 having an end of concave shape and an intermediate part

breakable 4.

  Part 2 has a transverse face 5 by which it is connected to part 4, two parallel lateral faces 6, an upper face 7 and a lower face. One of the two faces 6 is extended by a convex face 8 extending as far as the plane of the other face 6, ie on a

  angle at the center of substantially 90.

  Part 2 also includes a groove 10 arranged in its thickness, from its face 5, and a semi-cylindrical recess 11 which passes right through it in the height direction of the block 1, this recess 1 1 being arranged from face 6 not extended by face 8. Part 3 has a transverse face 15 by which it is connected to part 4, two parallel lateral faces 16, of different length, an upper face 17, a lower face and a concave face

  18 of substantially opposite shape to that of the face 8.

  The face 15 includes a groove 20 similar to the groove 10.

  It appears in Figure 1 that the length of part 2 is substantially double that of part 3, and that the tapered portion 21 of part 3, delimited by the largest face 16 and by face 18, is arranged on the same longitudinal side of block 1 as the one on which

finds the recess 1 1.

  Part 4 consists of six longitudinal webs 25, which connect parts 2 and 3 perpendicularly to the faces 5 and 15, and by a transverse web 26 extending parallel to these faces 5 and 15, equidistant from them. The thickness of these sails 25, 26 is such that these sails can be easily broken on a site using tools

  current manuals, so as to divide block 1, as shown below.

  It appears that the whole of block 1 is profiled, that is to say that this block 1 has a constant shape in the direction of the height of this block 1, all the faces of parts 2 and 3, as well as the sails 25 and 26,

  being parallel to this height.

  The entire block 1 is made of the same material, in particular clay used for the manufacture of bricks or aerated concrete, by an extrusion technique. Such a technique is rendered

  possible by the profiled structure of block 1.

  This material and the aforementioned thickness of the webs 25 and 26 makes it possible to divide the block 1 to constitute a half of a "male" construction element 32 with a convex wall, corresponding to part 2, which is shown in FIG. 2, and half a "female" building element 33 with a wall

  concave, corresponding to part 3, which is shown in figure 3.

  In practice, a series of blocks 1 is produced according to conventional methods. The positioning of the tapered portion 21 on the same side as the recess 11 makes it possible to obtain a good distribution of the masses within the block 1, and therefore to avoid any risk of warping of

  the latter during the drying of its constituent material.

  For the construction of a wall 40 as shown in FIG. 5, comprising an angle 41, a series of blocks 1 is delivered to the site. These blocks 1 are broken at the level of the parts 4, in the aforementioned manner, to

  constitute the element halves 32 and 33.

  Figure 4 shows that two element halves 32 from two blocks can be placed side by side to form a complete building element 320 with a convex end, this end having a substantially semi-cylindrical shape, while two element halves 33 can be placed side by side to form a complete building element 330 with a concave end, also in shape

substantially semi-cylindrical.

  This FIG. 4 shows that an element 330 can be placed in the extension of an element 320, with engagement of the convex end of the element 320 in the concave end of the element 330, in several directions depending on the angle 41 to be produced, the rounding of the faces 8 and 18 making it possible to maintain an adjacent positioning of the

  elements 320 and 330, and therefore continuity on the wall 40.

  It appears in FIG. 5 that the cylindrical recesses 11 of the elements 320 of different rows of blocks which constitute the wall 40 come substantially opposite one another and allow the installation of a reinforcement then the pouring of concrete in them for ensure a

  final stiffening of the wall 40 at the angle 41.

  This figure also shows that the aforementioned respective lengths of parts 2 and 3, and therefore of elements 32 and 33, make it possible to offset the vertical joints 50 of assembly of these elements with other construction elements that the wall 40 comprises, a row

  elements to an adjacent row of elements in the vertical direction.

  In addition, Figure 5 shows that the grooves 5 and 15 are suitable for being filled with the jointing material of the various construction elements, to ensure the fixing of each element

  construction with the various adjacent construction elements.

  The block 1 shown in Figure 6 also includes parts 2 to 4 as mentioned above. The elements already described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 which are found in this block are designated by the

same reference numbers.

  In this block 1, the parts 2 and 3 are connected to the part 4 by their faces 8 and 18 delimiting said ends of convex and concave shape, these faces 8 and 18 being arranged so as to run alongside one another. This block 1 thus has an overall shape

  parallelepiped, easy to handle and pack.

  FIG. 6 also shows that the structure of parts 2 and 3 can be cellular and not full, as on the block of FIGS. 1 to 5, and that a web 60 can be arranged across the recess 11, to stiffen the structure of part 2 during the manufacturing of block 1, if necessary

  is, this veil 60 can then be broken to release said recess 1 1.

  The invention thus provides a building block intended for the realization of a corner of a building wall, making it possible to remedy the drawbacks of homologous blocks of the prior art, in the sense that it has a relatively simple structure and that it can be manufactured by extrusion.

Claims (8)

  1 - Building block (1) intended for producing a building wall angle, characterized in that it comprises: - a part (2) having an end of convex shape, this part (2) being suitable for constituting a building element with a convex end, or a half of such a building element (32); - a part (3) having a concave end, this part (3) being suitable for constituting a construction element with a concave end, or half of such a construction element (33), this form end concave being suitable for being engaged around the convex end of a construction element with convex end, according to the angle (41) of the wall (40) to be produced; and - a ruptible intermediate part (4), connecting the two aforementioned parts (2, 3) of the building block (1) and capable of being broken during the construction of the wall (40) to separate these two parts (2, 3) and thus constitute the two aforementioned construction elements, or both   building element halves (32, 33) mentioned above.   2 - Building block according to claim 1, characterized in that its different parts (2, 3, 4) are profiled, and in that these parts (2, 3, 4) are made of the same material, said intermediate part (4) consisting of webs (25, 26) of this material, which connect said parts (2, 3) comprising the concave ends and convex.   3- building block according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the faces (5, 15) of the parts (2, 3) comprising the concave and convex ends which are connected to said intermediate part (4) are the transverse faces of building elements, or halves of building elements (32, 33), intended for   come inside the wall (40) to build.   4- Building block according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the parts (2, 3) comprising the ends of convex and concave shape are connected to said intermediate part (4) by their faces (8, 18) delimiting these ends of convex and concave shape, these faces (8, 18) being arranged so as to be run alongside each other.   - Building block according to one of claims 1 to 4,   characterized in that said parts (2, 3) with convex and concave ends constitute only half of the corresponding construction elements (32, 33), the complete construction elements (320, 330) being produced by grouping together portions of building elements (32, 33) from two building blocks (1); each block (1) has a width corresponding to half of the wall (40) to be produced; the part (2) with convex end comprises two parallel lateral faces (6), one of which is extended by a convex face (8) extending as far as the plane of the other lateral face (6), ie at an angle to center of substantially 90; the part (3) with concave end comprises two parallel lateral faces (16) of different lengths, the ends of which are joined by a concave face (18) of shape substantially opposite to that of the face convex (8) of the other part (2).   6- Building block according to one of claims 1 to 5,   characterized in that its part (2) with a convex end comprises a recess (11) which passes right through it in the vertical direction of the construction element (32), the different recesses (11) of the construction elements ( 320) superimposed within the wall (40) jointly delimiting a vertical cavity which extends over the height of the wall (40), cavity in which a reinforcement can be put in place and concrete can be poured to ensure the final stiffening of the wall (40) at level of said angle.   7 - Building block according to one of claims 1 to 6,   characterized in that the parts (2, 3) with convex and concave ends   above have a length ratio ranging from substantially one to two.   8 - Building block according to one of claims 1 to 7,   characterized in that each of said parts (2, 3) with convex end and concave end comprises, at its transverse face intended to be placed against an adjacent building block within the wall (40), at least one groove ( 5, 15) suitable for being filled with the jointing material of the building elements, or suitable for receiving at least one corresponding rib of an adjacent building element that the wall includes.   9- Building block according to one of claims 1 to 8,   characterized in that the convex and concave shaped ends are rounded, allowing an infinite number of possible positions of a concave shaped end construction element with respect to a convex shaped end construction element.   - Building block according to one of claims 1 to 8,   characterized in that the convex and concave shaped ends comprise facets, making it possible to define a determined number of possible positions of a concave shaped end construction element with respect to a convex shaped end construction element.