FR2735326A1 - SEEDER COMPRISING A FUNNEL-SHAPED SEED TANK - Google Patents

Abstract

The seed drill consists of a funnel-shaped reservoir which has a rigid cover (15) and a central flow outlet (20) provided with a metering member, and a pneumatic transport device, which has a distribution chamber. connected to the flow outlet (20) of the tank and provided with an injector, which is followed by a central riser pipe (6) comprising a distribution head (7), to which are connected seeding pipes ( 8), to each of which is connected a sowing share. In order to obtain a sealed embodiment, the tank is designed as a tank closed on all sides, and only the cover wall (15) has a filling opening, which is sealed against dust by a cover (22). This invention is of interest to manufacturers of agricultural machinery.

Description

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  The invention relates to a seed drill comprising a funnel-shaped seed tank which has a rigid cover and a central outlet for bottom flow with a metering member, as well as a pneumatic transport device with supply chamber following the outlet from the bottom of the tank and provided with an injector, supply chamber followed by a central riser having at its upper end a distribution head arranged outside the tank, and connected to seeding lines, each of which is

connected a seeding coulter.

  In so-called pneumatic seeders, the tank is made up of two parts. It consists of a lower part open upwards in the form of a funnel, and either an upper part of constant section, or simply a cover in the form of an elastic sheet (EP O 338 647). To fill the tank, you must either remove the cover completely, or at least - in the case of a tarpaulin - remove it over a large area. Furthermore, seeders are known in which the cover is rigidly fixed to the chassis and the funnel-shaped lower part is movable backwards and downwards (DE 43 15 343), in order to

  facilitate filling in the low position.

  Seeders are often used in conjunction with tillage tools, such as behind rotary harrows. This is the main reason for dust formation during sowing work. When dust enters the tank and thus into the seed, the flow behavior of the seed changes. As a result, the dosing accuracy varies. Dust particles

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  In addition, they cause wear and functional problems with the rotary metering members. We must therefore make the upper and lower parts of the tank as tight as possible, which is only difficult to achieve with tarpaulins, and requires for rigid constructions large peripheral sealing surfaces corresponding to the maximum section in the upper part of the tank. This seal is expensive and often loses its effectiveness after a short period of operation. To this must be added the consequent cost of such sealing measures. In addition, the riser must be sealed at all points of passage through the

tank and cover.

  The object of the invention is to improve a drill of the type specified in the introduction, so as to achieve a substantially dust-tight conformation of the tank and simultaneously simplify the

  construction and lower manufacturing costs.

  This object is achieved according to the invention in that the reservoir is shaped as a tank closed on all sides and having only in its covering wall a filling opening, which is closed in a dust-tight manner by a cover. . The invention proposes for the first time for a seed tank a construction in the form of a closed tank, in which only a filling opening is provided in the cover wall of the tank. This filling opening is closed in a dust-tight manner by a cover, which poses no particular problem, either constructive or functional, due to the relatively small section of the opening. Such a cover is also easy to handle due to its reduced weight, in order to move it from the position

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  closed to the open position and vice versa.

  Sufficient sealing is obtained from this filling opening when the latter has a perimeter rim on which the cover projects. The cover therefore rests by its underside on the rim. There is also formed between the edge of the cover applied to the overlap and the rim a kind of labyrinth which prevents, for corresponding narrow slits, the entry of dust and in particular of dust vortices in the tank.

  due to wind or air movement due to walking.

  The dust that collects on the cover wall and the cover is deposited outside the edge of the protruding cover and therefore can also not enter the tank when the cover is opened. The cover wall of the tank advantageously has at least on its rear part a wall part inclined downwards, in which the filling opening is shaped. This guarantees the non-deposition of dust and dirt, which move downwards and fall under the effect of machine vibrations, without being able to penetrate into

  the filling opening of the tank.

  According to an advantageous conformation, the filling opening has a trapezoid-shaped section widening in the direction of inclination of the covering wall. This makes it easier to fill the tank with semen and it is possible, in particular in the case of semen conditioned in a bag, to use the most

  possible reduction of the filling opening.

  In order to provide the tank formed in one piece with sufficient stability against static and dynamic stresses, the tank may further comprise a stiffening upright connecting the covering wall to a wall part of the

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  tank facing it, which can for example be formed

by a tube.

  According to a preferred embodiment, the tube constituting the stiffening upright is disposed substantially vertical and carries the central riser of the pneumatic advancement device, or else it forms this central riser itself. In the first case, the central riser can be formed in one piece with the dispensing head and be introduced into the stiffening tube from above. In the second embodiment, the riser forms an integral part of the tank and the dispensing head is

  mounted on the upper hole of the tube.

  According to a preferred embodiment, the tank comprises at least on two side walls facing each other - preferably the front wall and the rear wall - horizontal recesses in the form of gutters in which profiles correspondingly shaped on the carrying frame s 'engage positively. These profiles are mounted on the rest of the carrier frame, and preferably detachable. In this embodiment, it is possible to firstly set up the tank in the chassis, and after having added the profiles, to position and fix it. We can thus do without any means of fixing to the tank, and in particular, it is possible without difficulty to set up a tank made entirely of plastic in a steel frame without having to bring means onto the tank.

  fixing material other than plastic.

  The detachable fixing of the profiles penetrating into the recesses also makes it possible to dismantle the tank without problem and also to put in place

  tanks of different volumes in the same chassis.

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  It is advantageous that the tank is provided on its front and rear wall below the covering wall, first of all, with vertical wall parts having the recesses, which are then extended by the directed wall parts

downwards in the form of a funnel.

  These vertical parts of the wall can for example be used for mounting the track marking rod and the rod for interrupting by halves.

side.

  In pneumatic seeders, it is necessary to provide a recycling of the seed, in order to be able to spread the seed for example according to different spacings of the rows, or else on only part of the total width. This assumes that certain sowing lines must be immobilized, which, in a pneumatic transport system, is not possible simply by closing the corresponding line, but requires recycling the flow of air loaded with seed to the tank . To this end, the reservoir has openings to which the seed lines are connected, these seed lines themselves being provided with switches for optionally delivering the seed in either direction.

transport (DE 44 34 963).

  For such semen recycling, it is provided according to the invention that the tank has on its covering wall, on both sides of the center of the tank, reliefs having the openings for semen recycling, reliefs on which the switches are arranged . These deformations form on the underside of the covering wall grooves open towards the inside of the tank, so that even when the tank is full, there remains in this zone a sufficiently large free space to be able to receive the recycled seed. without plugs forming, and to let the flow of

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  transport. Under these conditions, it is more advantageous that the cover of the filling opening is articulated on one side and rests freely on the covering wall but in a sealed manner, its weight being determined so that it acts as a valve. air discharge under the effect of the pressure increase during seed recycling. This guarantees an automatic air purge during seed recycling, the tank being as

the wish carried out waterproof.

  According to another exemplary embodiment, the cover is locked on the covering wall and the tank is provided, preferably on the cover,

an air purge valve.

  In order to position the seeding lines directed from the dispensing head towards the outside above the covering wall, bars may also be arranged along the sides substantially parallel to the running direction of the covering wall. covering this wall, which have cutouts for the passage of the seeding pipes. The bars can be attached or shaped on the tank or on parts of the chassis. During the assembly, the seeding lines are then simply passed through the cutouts and connected to the dispensing head. The seeding lines are then easily positioned next to each other

  at the level of the covering wall.

  For the constructive use of the tank, a welded construction can be provided, the

  stiffening amount being welded into the tank.

  According to another preferred embodiment, the tank is made of plastic with a molded stiffening upright. It is further advantageous that the wall of

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  covering has wall walls descending from the stiffening post towards the four

side walls.

  It is then advantageous for the outlet of the tank to be placed approximately in the center and the stiffening amount is offset towards the front wall, in order to guarantee that for substantially identical funnel slopes, the level of seed drops regularly

only by gravity.

  Finally, in the case where the tank is constructed in one piece, it can be provided that the covering wall is formed of a double wall and that between the two walls are disposed partition walls spaced from each other , which form between them each time a portion of a seeding pipe. In this embodiment, it is a kind of sandwich construction, which on the one hand achieves a stable covering wall and thus a stiffening of the side walls, and on the other hand eliminates the specific manufacturing and mounting corresponding portions of the seeding pipes, because the reservoir comprises these portions in an integrated manner. There should only be provided on the side edges corresponding connections for the seeding pipes, which are formed as a rule

general by pipes.

  According to another preferred embodiment, the dispensing head is detachably connected to the riser and can be moved

  approximately in the direction of travel.

  According to this embodiment, the dispensing head can be moved, together with the seeding pipes which are connected to it, forwards in the non-operating position forwards, so that the filling opening extends near the riser, and can

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  thus present a large free section and be released completely during filling. This facilitates filling and improves access to the interior volume of the tank. You can more easily push the seed that accumulates at the natural angle during filling and equalize the seed area. The displacement of the dispensing head can be carried out by means of arms, guides in

  sliding or also by means of a tilting.

  These displacement means preferably engage at the upper end of the riser or on the cover. In the operating position, an airtight closure of the dispensing head on the riser is guaranteed, for example by means of an elastic force or

in another mechanical way.

  The invention will now be described through embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic view of the rear of a drill; Figure 2 is a partial plan view of the drill of Figure 1; 25. Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tank in a first embodiment; Figure 4 is a sectional view corresponding to Figure 3 of another embodiment of the tank; 30. Figure 5 is a view of the rear wall of the tank without riser; Figure 6 is a plan view of the tank according to Figure 5; Figure 7 is a partial side view of the tank; Figure 8 is a partial view of the tank corresponding to Figure 1;

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  Figure 9 is a view of the front face of the tank in another embodiment; Figure 10 is a plan view of the tank according to Figure 9; 5. Figures 11 to 14 are side views of different embodiments of a movable dispensing head in the position of

  during operation and during filling.

  The seed drill shown in Figure 1, which is mounted for example directly on the three-point linkage of a tractor, or on tillage tools used jointly, which are themselves mounted on the three-point linkage points, comprises a seed tank 1, comprising a cover 2,

  which is carried by uprights 3 of a carrying frame.

  On the supporting frame and below the tank 1 is arranged a turbine 4. The seed arrives leaving the tank 1 in a supply chamber 5 comprising an injector, to which is connected a riser 6 comprising a distribution head 7 The semen extracted from the reservoir 1 by means of a metering member (not shown) is introduced at the level of the injector of the supply chamber 5 into a transport stream produced by the turbine 4 and leads into a hollow profile. 9 of the supporting frame, and brought through the

  riser 6 to the distribution head 7.

  A large number of sowing lines 8 are connected to the dispensing head, between which the seed is distributed regularly by means of the dispensing head 7. For better clarity, only FIG. number

  reduced seeding lines.

  The seeding lines 8 are directed approximately parallel above the cover 2 of the tank 1 from the dispensing head towards the two sides and then substantially towards the rear.

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  and down to the sowing coulters, which do not

  are not shown in detail, these plowshares being themselves

  same mounted on a rail which is not shown either. Behind the coulters in the direction of travel passes a harrow 10, which rests on the ground by means of load-bearing wheels 11 and which

  can be raised by means of these.

  The seeding lines 8 comprise in the embodiment shown each a switch 12, these switches being according to FIG. 2 arranged on each side of the seed drill one behind the other in a row 13. Each switch is associated with an opening in cover 2, through which the seed can be recycled into the tank when a pipe is disconnected

seeding 8.

  The seed tank 1 according to Figures 3 to 10 is shaped like a tank, and consists of the lower part 14 in the form of a funnel and the covering wall 15 forming the upper cover 2. The tank is made of steel in the form of construction soldered, or in one piece of plastic. The lower part 14 of the tank comprises on the front wall and on the rear wall (considered in the direction of travel) first of all a vertical wall portion 16, 17 connected to the covering wall, to which are connected downwards. the walls 18, 19 inclined in the form of a funnel, which lead to an approximately central bottom opening 20 with the

  feed chamber 5 which is connected thereto.

  The tank 1 further comprises an integrated stiffening upright 21, for example in the form of a tube, which connects the covering wall 15 to one 18 of the inclined walls of the lower part

  14, being for example welded or molded in the tank.

  The tube 21 open at the top and bottom carries the riser 6 of the pneumatic transport device,

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  the upper end of which is connected the dispensing head 7. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, on the contrary, the rising pipe 6

  directly forms the stiffening upright 21.

  The stiffening wall 15, consisting of flat surface portions, comprises, near the rear wall, an opening closed by a cover 22. In addition, the front wall and the rear wall each have, at the level of vertical parts 16, 17 a recess 23, 24 horizontal in the form of a gutter, the function of which will be described with reference to

Figure 7.

  Figures 5 and 6 show only the tank 1. The side walls 25, 26 of the lower part are, as shown in Figure 5, inclined regularly towards the flow opening 20. The cover wall is inclined from the

  stiffening upright 21 towards the four sides.

  It has on its inclined rearward portion the filling opening 27 surrounded by a flange 41, on which the cover 22 is placed freely. The covering wall 15 of the tank 1 further comprises on both sides of the stiffening upright 21 and of the filling opening 27 a projecting conformation 28, 29 in the form of a bar which forms a groove 30

  open to the interior of the tank (Figure 8).

  In the projections 28, 29 are provided openings the number of which corresponds to the number of seeding lines. On the openings are mounted the points of the sowing lines, so that each sowing line can be actuated either for sowing or for a position in which the seed from the head

  distribution is recycled in tank 1.

  On the side walls parallel to the direction of travel are arranged on the tank or on the frame of the bars 31, which have several

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  cutouts 32 through each of which pass some of the seeding lines 8, so that the latter are placed on the edges

sides of the tank.

  The grooves 23, 24 in the form of a gutter which are visible in FIGS. 3, 4 and 7 serve to receive, with positive engagement, the profiles 33, 34, for example in the form of a tube, which are detachably mounted on the carrying frame, the uprights of which 3 are shown in FIG. 7, and in this way make it possible to position in the running direction and to fix the tank placed between the

posts 3.

  In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 9 and 10, the covering wall 15 is shaped as a double wall. It consists of an inner wall 35 and an outer wall 36, between

  which partition walls 37 are arranged.

  Two adjacent partition walls each form a portion 39 of a seeding pipe, these portions 39 being provided along the side walls of connections 40 for the pipes which form the portion of the seeding pipes when s moves away from the tank 1. In this case, the dispensing head 7 is integrated into the sandwich construction of the wall

recovery 15.

  Due to the radial connection of the seeding pipes around the entire periphery of the dispensing head 7, which are therefore directed against the direction of travel at least for a short length (see FIG. 10), the cross-section free of the filling opening 27 is limited. For filling, and also in order to improve accessibility inside the tank, it is however desirable to have the largest possible opening. Such a filling opening 27 ′, which extends to near the

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  riser, as well as a specially adapted conformation of the cover 15 integrated in the tank, are shown in broken lines in FIG. 6. In order to make this filling opening 27 'completely accessible for filling, the dispensing head 7 is detachably mounted on the upright tube 6 and can be moved forward in the direction of travel,

  as indicated by the arrow pointing in figure 6.

  Figure 11 shows a first embodiment of a movable dispensing head 7. A separation point 42 is provided between the dispensing head 7 and the riser tube 6. On the dispenser head 7 are articulated on both sides of the riser tube 6 arms 43, which are rotatably mounted by their other end on a console 44 fixed on the rising tube 6. The dispensing head 7 can be moved from the operating position shown on the left to the filling position shown on the right, taking with it the seeding lines 8, such that so that the filling opening 27 'is completely cleared. In order to guarantee a tight connection in the operating position, the arms can be subjected to the action of springs, which are stretched when tilting out of the filling position to the operating position, or else present on the route. moving to neutral, so that the positioning of the dispensing head is stable in both positions. Alternatively, it can

  be also provided a mechanical locking.

  In the embodiment shown in Figure 12, the dispensing head 7 is articulated by means of parallelogram arms 45 on the console 44, which is disposed on the cover 15 or is part of the latter. Figure 13 shows a dispensing head 7 which is hinged tiltable

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  on an axis 46 of the console 44, the tilt angle

  may also be less than the 90 shown.

  Finally, Figure 14 shows an embodiment in which the dispensing head 7 can be slid horizontally. To this end, the means for moving the dispensing head 7 consist of two parallel guide rails 47, in which guide pieces 48 of the dispensing head are driven. The guide rails 47 are fixed to the distribution tube 6 by means of splints 49.

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Claims (32)

  1. Seeder comprising a funnel-shaped seed tank (1) comprising a rigid cover (2) and a central outlet (20) for bottom flow with a metering member, as well as a pneumatic transport device comprising a supply chamber (5) following the outlet from the bottom of the tank and provided with an injector, supply chamber (5) followed by a central riser (6) provided at its upper end with a '' a dispensing head (7) disposed outside the tank (1), to which are connected seeding pipes (9) to each of which is connected a seeding plow, characterized in that the tank (1) is shaped in a tank closed on all sides and having only in its covering wall (15) a filling opening (27) closed in a dust-tight manner by a cover (22).   2. Seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling opening (27) has a perimeter rim (41) on which the cover (22) protrudes.   3. Seeder according to one of claims 1 or   2, characterized in that the covering wall (15) of the tank (1) has at least on its rear part a wall part inclined downwards, in which   the filling opening (27) is arranged.   4. Seeder according to one of claims 1 to   3, characterized in that the filling opening (27) has a trapezoid-shaped section widening in the direction of inclination of the cover wall (15).   5. Seeder according to one of claims 1 to   4, characterized in that the tank (1) comprises a stiffening upright (21) connecting the wall of 16 2735326   covering (15) at a wall part (18) of the tank (1) facing him.   6. Seeder according to claim 5, characterized in that the stiffening amount (21) is formed by a tube.   7. Seeder according to one of claims 5 or   6, characterized in that the tube (21) carries the central riser (6) of the pneumatic transport device.   8. Seeder according to one of claims 5 to   7, characterized in that the tube (21) itself forms the central riser (6) of the pneumatic transport device and in that the dispensing head (7) is mounted on the upper orifice of the tube.   9. Seeder according to one of claims 1 to   8, characterized in that the tank (1) comprises at least on two side walls facing each other horizontal recesses in the form of gutters (23, 24) in which profiles (33, 34) correspondingly shaped of the supporting frame ( 3, 9)   come into positive engagement.   10. Seeder according to claim 9, characterized in that the sections (33, 34) engaging in the recesses (23, 24) are mounted   detachable from the rest of the supporting frame (3, 9).   11. Seeder according to one of claims 1 to   , characterized in that the tank (1) has, on its front and rear wall below the covering wall (15), first of all, vertical wall parts (16, 17) having the recesses (23, 24), which are then extended by the wall parts   (18, 19) directed downwards in the form of a funnel.   12. Seeder according to one of claims 1 to   11, comprising a recycling of semen by means of switches arranged on the seeding pipes, which bring the flow of semen into 17 2735326   the reservoir through openings, characterized in that the tank (1) has, on its covering wall (15) on both sides of the center of the reservoir, projections (28, 29) presenting the openings for the recycling of semen, projections on which turnouts (12) are arranged.   13. Seeder according to claim 12, characterized in that the projections (28, 29) form on the underside of the covering wall (15)   grooves (30) open towards the inside of the tank (1).   14. Seeder according to one of claims 12   or 13, characterized in that the cover (22) of the filling opening (27) rests freely but in a sealed manner on the covering wall (15), its weight being determined so that it acts as a valve air discharge under the effect of the increase   pressure during seed recycling.   15. Seeder according to one of claims 12   or 13, characterized in that the cover (22) is locked on the covering wall (15) and the tank (1) is provided, preferably on the cover (15), an air relief valve.   16. Seeder according to one of claims 1 to   , characterized in that along the sides substantially parallel to the running direction of the covering wall (15) are arranged bars (31) covering this wall, which are provided with cutouts (32) for the passage of the pipes seeding (8).   17. Seeder according to one of claims 5 to   , characterized in that the tank (1) and the stiffening upright (21) are produced in the form of a welded construction.   18. Seeder according to one of claims 5 to   10, characterized in that the tank (1) is made of plastic   with a molded stiffening post (21).   19. Seeder according to one of claims 5 to 18 2735326   , characterized in that the covering wall (15) has wall parts descending from the stiffening upright (21) towards the four side walls.   20. Seeder according to one of claims 1 to   19, characterized in that the flow outlet (20) from the tank (1) is arranged approximately in the center and the stiffening upright (21) is offset towards the front wall.   21. Seeder according to one of claims 1 to   , characterized in that the covering wall (15) is formed by a double wall (35, 36) and between the two walls are arranged partition walls (37) spaced from one another, which form between them at each times a portion of a pipe seeding (8).   22. Seeder according to one of claims 1 to   21, characterized in that the dispensing head (7) is connected to the riser (6) while being removable and can be moved approximately in the direction of travel.   23. seed drill according to claim 22, characterized in that the dispensing head (7) can   be moved parallel to itself.   24. Seeder according to one of claims 22   or 23, characterized in that the dispensing head   (7) can be moved by means of arms (43).   25. seed drill according to claim 24, characterized in that the dispensing head (7) can   be moved by means of arms (45) in parallelogram.   26. Seeder according to one of claims 22   or 23, characterized in that the dispensing head (7) can be moved by means of a guide in sliding (47,48).   27. Seeder according to claim 22, characterized in that the dispensing head (7) is articulated tiltable.   28. Seeder according to one of claims 22   27, characterized in that the means (43, 45 to 48) for moving the dispensing head (7) engage at the upper end of the riser (6) or on the cover (15). 29. Seeder according to claim 28, characterized in that the means (43, 45 to 48) for moving the dispensing head (7) are articulated or are fixed on the upper end of the pipe   rising (6) or on the cover (15).   30. Seeder according to one of claims 22   to 28, characterized in that the dispensing head (7) is connected in an airtight manner to the riser tube   (6) in the operating position.   31. Seeder according to one of claims 29   or 30, characterized in that the dispensing head (7) is subjected to the action of a spring which presses it against the riser (6).   32. Seeder according to one of claims 1 to   31, characterized in that the filling opening (27 ') extends up to the vicinity of the riser (6).