FR2710227A1 - Combine harvester with a device for spreading or shedding the flattened straw - Google Patents

Abstract

a) Combine harvester, particularly an automatic combine harvester which can take several working implements situated at the back, b) characterised in that, at the rear end of the combine harvester (1) there is a spreader device which deposits at least the shredded straw in a region situated beneath and/or laterally to the side of the rear end of the combine harvester (1) and in that at least one rotary shredder (41) having a straw chopper (4) is located at the rear end of the combine harvester, the shredder (41) having a direction of rotation such that at least the cut and shredded straw is deposited in a region situated in the rear end of the combine harvester.

Description

The present invention relates to a harvest-

  combine harvester, especially a harvester

  self-propelled thresher comprising a cutting device

  eg, which transfers the product harvested by a feeding device to a threshing device, the straw

  battered being brought by a shaking table to the ex-

  rear end of the combine.

  In such a combine harvester, the harvested product is brought to a threshing device by a feeding device which separates the grains from the cereals in particular. The beaten straw is then

  brought to the rear end of the harvester-

  threshing machine passing at least on a shaking table

  ge. The grains are separated from the bran and the ears emptied by means of a separation device, which are then

  ejected at the rear end of the combine

thresher.

  When separating straw, grain

  and other impurities at the back of the harvester

  threshing machine, it has proven to be advantageous for this material to be distributed in a large area behind the rear of the combine (in the direction of the

  displacement). Therefore, during the process of months-

  ringing on the sides and at the ends of the field, there is dirt on the paths of the other areas

  near the field. In areas inside

  laughter of the field this comes down, in particular to the turning places, to a double cover of the

  field with expelled straw, which does not spread

  not quickly composed entirely due to the large

quantity buried by plowing.

  The invention proposes to remedy these in-

  convenience and create a combine that deposits the separate straw in an area under

  and / or on the side at the rear of the harvester-

thresher.

  To this end, the invention relates to a month-

  combines characterized in that at the end

  rear of the combine is a

  positive distributor who deposits at least the straw

  jagged in an area below and / or laterally

  next to the rear end of the harvester-

thresher.

  According to another characteristic of the

  vention, at least one rotary shredder present

  as a straw chopper is at the rear end

  of the combine, the shredder has

  as long as a direction of rotation such that at least the harvested and shredded straw is deposited in an area

  located in the rear end of the harvester-

  thresher. According to another variant, at the rear end of the combine is at least one rotary shredder having a straw chopper, o at least one of the axes of the rotary shredder

  of the straw chopper is arranged parallel to the long axis

  gitudinal of the combine.

  These alternative solutions to the pre-

  feel the benefit that the seed brought to the harvest-

  combine after being worked on the site-

  ment (place of deposit) is deposited, at the place where it was harvested (place of collection). So the

  impurities are deposited in places that are

  wind mainly near or behind the month-

  combine. Likewise, we remedy a double

  cover of the field with cut straw.

  In an improvement of the invention, a

  grinder and an ejection device are available

  located at the rear of the combine. This re-

  alisation allows that the separated straw is shredded-

  cut by the crusher as well as deposited in a

  area under the rear and / or lateral end-

  lie close to it. So after work

  of the corresponding field (for example plowing), a

  composition of the separated and ground straw is possible

  ble in a short period of time.

  In another embodiment of the invention, the dispensing device has at least one disc

  horizontal rotary ejector. The ejection disc

  puts a distribution of the separated straws in the direction

  opposite to the direction of movement of the harvester

  threshing machine, distribution in which the straws se-

  trimmed are dropped off where they were placed

  coltées. In a development of the invention, the ejection device has two ejector discs arranged horizontally which rotate in opposite directions. The use of two horizontal ejector discs

  has the advantage that the separate straws are

  installed in an area mainly around the longitudinal axis of the combine below the rear end of the vehicle. To facilitate the dispensing process, ejector members are placed on at least one of the ejector discs (for example sheets welded to the ejector disc). This gives an effective distribution of the separated straw and, in particular, of the chopped straw.

  According to another characteristic of the invention

  tion, a deflector is located in a lateral area of the positive ejection disc. The deflector arranged essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the combine harvester has the advantage of avoiding that the ejector discs laterally distribute the straw, which makes it possible to delimit in space the location for depositing the straw. In addition, we can

  consider having transverse to the long axis

  tudinal another deflector at the rear end of

  the combine. We thus obtain a delimi-

  tation of the removal position and, moreover, it avoids dust by practically extending the deflector

down to ground level.

  In addition, it is conceivable that according to the construction data, the ejection discs are driven with the shredder or independently (at

  by means of V-belts, den-

  tees, cogwheels, chains, or by means

  electric, hydraulic, hydrostatic).

  In another embodiment of the invention, the direction of rotation of the shredder respectively of the dispensing device (of the ejector disc) are reversible depending on the location. The inversion of

  direction of rotation depending on the location presents the

  only when a predetermined location is located

  read on the field (especially the edge of the field where the combine is turning), the direction of rotation is reversed so that at least the harvested straw is

  deposited in an area behind the rear end

  combine harvester. This means that at the edge of the field respectively at the end of the cutting process, the quantity of straw which is still inside the combine (for example in the shaking table) is deposited in an area

  located behind the rear end of the combine

  threshing machine, in order to avoid dirtying the end of the field, respectively the edge of the field, where this dependence on the place can be determined in different ways. It can thus be envisaged, for example, that during a turning movement, the steering angle is detected when the combine is making a

  turn and when passing a predefined steering angle

  finished the direction of rotation is reversed. In addition, it is possible to optically determine the end of the cutting process by determining whether or not there is

  cereals in the cutter of the month-

  combine. It is also possible to detect

  ter the lifting of the cutting device at the end of the cutting process. In the operating modes mentioned, it is a question of automatic process which

  automatically controls the reversal of the direction of rotation

  tion. Alternatively, one can design a ma-

  nuelle. In another embodiment of the invention,

  the shredder, respectively the device

  stopper (ejector disc) can be implemented at the start of the mowing operation and / or at the end of the cut in a timed manner. By beginning of the cut or end of the cut, we mean the exit or the entry on the field during which at least one zone in the immediate vicinity of the edge of the field has

  been exceeded. After entering the field and removing it

  tection of the start of the cut (for example by

  lowering of the cutting device), the

  shredder, respectively, the dispensing device

  tor is switched on in a timed fashion to avoid impurities due to the entry area. If we detect the end of cutting at the edge of the field (for example by lifting the cutting device), it is possible,

  especially over the entire length of the combine

  threshing machine, add at least the straw beating

  kills in an area below the back end of

  the combine, so that the

  dispenser remains on

  latched on as long as the rear end of the combine has not reached the end of the

  field. In a particular embodiment of the invention

  tion, the time delay is a function of the length and

  the speed of the combine. We can

  end the time interval during which the dispo-

  dispensing device can be operated again, until reaching the rear end of the edge of the

  field, from the length of the harvester-

  threshing machine (in particular the interval between the

  cutting and rear end) and speed.

  Alternatively, we can design a detection

  optical field edge at the rear end of the combine, in which it is detected, for example, if there are still grains

  lateral proximity of the combine.

  In another embodiment of the invention, a deflector is located at the rear end of the combine, this deflector is tiltable in

  function of a quantity depending on the process of

  eg. The deflector is adjusted at the start of cutting as well as during the cutting process, so that at least the threshed straw is deposited in an area below and / or in the lateral vicinity of the combine. Advantageously, the deflector is placed in a position practically perpendicular to the surface of the field. Likewise, thanks to the deflector, we avoid at least that the harvested straw

  be deposited in an area behind the harvest-

  combine. A cutting end is thus

  detected according to the criteria represented, then the

  tilting flector (or is driven by a linear guide

  deflector) so that at least the

  cut straw is deposited in the area at the back

  combine harvester to avoid

  read outside the field. Similarly, it can be envisaged that the actuation (tilting of the deflector) is

  combined with change of direction and / or com-

  timed control of the shredder or ejector. The deflector can be actuated for example hydraulically, electromotorically or be carried out

in another suitable way.

  It should also be noted that the mode of use of the combine is not

  limited to seed collection. In addition, one can use

  read the combine for harvesting

very products.

  The invention will be described below more

  in detail with the help of exemplary embodiments represented

tees to the drawings.

  They show: - Figure 1: a harvesting process, - Figure 2: a combine with a chopper, - Figure 3: a combine with a chopper and a distributor, - Figure 4: a combine with

  a chopper with two transverse axes.

  Figure 1 shows a harvesting process

  with a combine. The figure represents

  te a combine with the reference 1 that starts the grain harvest at a location

  2. During the continuation of the movement of the month-

  in the direction of travel, the

  harvested product is processed in the combine 1 and the separate ST straw (in particular including bran and other impurities) is placed on a deposit area 3 (Figure 1b); the depositing zone 3 being the same as the harvesting zone 2 in FIG. 1b. Figure 2 shows the combine 1 with a straw chopper 4 at its rear end, this

  straw chopper with a chipper 41 (cou-

  teau). A shaft 42 of the straw chopper 4 orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the combine has a

  direction of rotation such as separated and torn straw

  quetée be deposited in an area that is essential

  between the rear wheels 11 and the rear end 1 of the combine, as shown from the side in Figure 2a and in the view of

  above Figure 2b. In addition, the reference 43 desi-

  There is a flap which at least prevents the ST threshed straw from being deposited behind the rear end of the combine. Figure 3 shows the combine

  1 at the rear end of which is a ha-

  che-straw 4 as well as a dispensing device.

  Analogously to that of the operating mode

  shown in Figure 2, the straw chopper 4 is reali-

  dried so that the separated straw and shreds

  tée as well as the grain SP are brought to the dispensing device, in particular on rotary ejector discs 5; these discs 5 ensure the subsequent distribution of the separated and shredded straw. The direction of rotation of the ejector discs is such that the straw coming from the chopper 4 is deposited mainly

  in an area between the rear wheels 11 and the end

  rear tee of combine 1 (figure 3) and

  on the other hand in a lower lateral fraction-

  close to the combine on a width which in fact corresponds to the width of the cutting device S (cutting tool), as shown in Figure 3b. In another embodiment of the invention, the ejector discs 5 according to the figure

  3b are provided with ejector members. The elements

  tributaries 6 are for example sheets in the form of circular sectors which are welded orthogonally to the ejector discs. To avoid lateral distribution of the separate straw, it is possible to envisage, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 3b,

  to have additional deflectors 7 at the ex-

  rear end of the combine. In this-

  figure, we plan instead of the flap 43 (shown

  Figure 2a) a tilting deflector 8. In the posi-

  tion shown, this deflector 8 prevents at least the removal of the shredded straw behind the end

  rear of combine 1. If deflector

  tor 8 is tilted depending on location, for example

  when the cutting device of the harvester-

  thresher leaves the edge of the field, then at least the removal of the shredded straw is possible towards the rear end of the combine 1, so that after arriving at the edge of the field

  avoid dirtying the outside of the field.

  Figure 4 shows a combine

  1 comprising a straw chopper 4 disposed at its end-

  rear with two rotary shredders 41 whose axes 42 are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the combine harvester 1. The direction of rotation is chosen so that the straw is deposited in an area between the two axes (as shown in Figure 4). We can choose the meaning

  of rotation according to FIG. 4b, which allows deposition

  ser the straw separated and chopped next to the harvest-

  combine. In the case of such a direction of rotation of the axes, one can again consider the arrangement of guide elements (not shown in Figure 4b).

Claims (11)

R E V E N D I C A T I O N S   1) Combine harvester with a   cutting positive, which transfers the harvested product by   a feeding device to a batting device   ge, the beaten straw being brought by a drying table   couage at the rear end of the harvester-   threshing machine (1), characterized in that at the rear end   rier of the combine (1) is a distributor device which deposits at least the straw   shredded in an area under and / or side-   next to the rear end of the combine- thresher (1).   2) Combine (1) with a provision   cutting aid by which the harvested product can be brought to a threshing device by means of a guide device, the threshed straw can be brought to the   rear part of the combine with a ta-   shaker, characterized in that at least one rotary chipper (41) having a straw chopper   (4) is at the rear end of the combine   threshing machine, the shredder (41) having a direction of rotation such that at least the harvested and shredded straw is deposited in an area located in   the rear end of the combine.   3) Combine characterized in that at the rear end of the combine there is at least one rotary chipper (41) having a straw chopper (4), o at least one of the axes of the rotary chipper of the ax - straw (4) is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ' combine harvester (1).   4) Combine according to the claim   tion 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that at the rear end of the combine (1) is the   straw chopper (4) and the dispensing device.   ) Combine according to claim   tion 1, characterized in that the device distribu-   tor has at least one rotary ejector disc (5) and horizontal.   6) Combine according to the claim   tion 1, characterized in that the device distribu-   has two horizontal ejector discs (5) which rotate in opposite directions.   7) Combine according to one of the re-   vendications 5 or 6, characterized in that organ-   ejectors are located on at least one of the ejector discs.   8) Combine according to the claims   cations 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that at least one deflector (7) is located in a lateral zone and / or   at the rear of the dispensing device.   9) Combine according to the claims   cations 4 and 5, characterized in that the ejector discs (5) can be driven at the same time as   the chopper (4) or independently of it.   ) Combine according to one of the   previous claims, characterized in that the   direction of rotation of the respective shredder (41)   the distributor (5) (ejector disc 5) is reversible depending on location.   11) Combine according to one of the   previous claims, characterized in that the   shredder (41) respectively the dispensing device (ejector disc 5) can be actuated in a timed manner after the start of cutting or   stopped after the cut has timed out.   12) Combine as claimed   cation 11, characterized in that the time delay   start-up tion depends on the length   and the speed of the combine.   13) Combine according to one of the   previous claims, characterized in that at   minus a tilting deflector (8) depending on the pro-   cutting stop (depending on location) is at the rear combine harvester.