FR2698062A1 - Train unit consisting of two-axle and / or bogie vehicles. - Google Patents

Abstract

A train unit has two or more two-axle and / or bogie vehicles with vehicle bodies or other superstructures. The carrier vehicles (2) or the sliding beams (3) are connected to each other, or the carrier vehicles (2) are connected to the sliding beams (3), by main drawbars (4) and, between the platforms. sliding forms (5) or vehicle bodies (6), or between sliding platforms (5) and vehicle bodies (6), are arranged drawbars or spacers or bars of traction (8) and spacer pads (9) which connect the platforms or vehicle bodies and / or keep them at a short distance from each other. Application in particular to the transport of large containers by rail.

Description

The invention relates to a train unit consisting of two or more

  two-axle and / or bogie vehicles, comprising vehicle bodies or other superstructures, preferably with devices for transporting large containers, but the invention is not limited to these applications. A train unit generally known, by prior uses, is composed of several rail cars whose chassis rest at both ends on a bogie. Normal hitching and buffing devices are installed at both ends of the unit, the unit can be hitched to other railway wagons.15 Because of the short hitch, the train unit has the advantage, compared to individual longer useful loading lengths compared to the required length of track However, it does not offer protection

  increased loading during buffering shocks in marshalling maneuvers as the damping power

  The buffers are quickly exhausted by the large masses involved.

  In the case of individual railway vehicles, this defect is abolished by the application of the principle of the sliding spar or the principle of the sliding loading platform. The principle of the sliding spar is presented in the US Pat. No. 3,163,300. A double-acting hydraulic device, cooperating with the couplings at both ends of the vehicle, is installed approximately in the middle of the vehicle in a fixed beam construction (s). of the chassis, is integrated, with the interposition of this hydraulic device, a longitudinally movable spar structure (s), on which are placed at both ends, the normal coupling and buffering devices of the vehicle. movement of the spar construction compared to

  the fixed beam construction, the hydrau-

  lique is put into action to dampen shocks in both directions and significantly reduce the size

  efforts transmitted to the crates of vehicles.

  In the principle of the movable support frame (sliding loading platform), as described in the German patent application DE-OS 2317618, the LO part of the vehicle carrying the load, that is to say the carrier frame (flat loading platform), is arranged longitudinally movable, with the interposition of a shock absorber, on a part of the vehicle carrying the running gear and the coupling devices,

that is to say the chassis.

  The possibility of solicitation of the sets designed for the transmission of through forces is not exploited at all, far from it, for the two individual vehicles that have just been

  described, at the maximum permissible buffering speed

  sible When composing train units with individual vehicles, there is a loss of loading length in relation to the length of a train unit. A low loading plan is achievable only at the cost of an additional loss. lengthways

loading.

  The object of the invention is to create a train unit that does not have the disadvantages mentioned. For this purpose, a train unit composed of at least two two-axle and / or bogie vehicles, in particular for transporting loads requiring be protected, in which all vehicles or at least one vehicle are equipped or equipped with a long-range shock absorber and all vehicles are made

  according to the sliding and / or

  Sliding load-form, according to the invention, characterized in that the carrier vehicles or the sliding spars are interconnected, or the carrier vehicles are connected to the sliding spars, by main drawbars and that between the sliding loading platforms or the vehicle bodies, or between sliding platforms and vehicle bodies, are arranged drawbars or spacing pads, or pull rods

  and spacing pads that connect the platforms

  forms or vehicle bodies and / or maintain them at

short distance from each other.

  The advantages provided by the invention

  especially because, with the same protection of the

  loading than that obtained with individual vehicles

  equipped with long-stroke shock absorbers, train units can be formed which allow, in comparison with these individual vehicles, a significantly increased loading length with respect to the length of the train unit. empty weight of the vehicles taken separately and, consequently, an increase in the payload In spite of a greater capacity, axle of the axles or pivots of the bogies can be reduced The loading plan can be lowered continuously over several lengths of

vehicle.

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention: the axis of the main drawbar is lowered relative to the middle of the buffers of the normal coupling and buffering device and the loading plan is lowered continuously over several lengths vehicle; the carrier vehicles have, on the opposite ends, extensions diagonally offset from the middle and serving as slides for the vertical support of the platform, extensions which

  extend beyond the vehicle length

so-called;

  the main drawbar and / or the drawbar

  are formed of a tubular body provided with hinge bearings on both sides; the spacer pads have spherical impact surfaces similar to those of the buffer discs provided on the normal outer pads; the connection of the drawbar or the drawbar at one end to the carrier vehicle or to the sliding platform is effected by means of a shock-absorbing device

single or double-acting.

  Other features and benefits of

  the invention will become clearer from the description of

  The following description of some nonlimiting exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of a unit of FIG.

  train with bogies and platforms

  sliding loading forms; Fig 2 is a schematic side view of a train unit formed of two-axle vehicles and with sliding spars; Fig 3 is a schematic side view of a train unit with sliding rails and a load plan lowered continuously on several vehicles; Fig 4 is a schematic side view of a train unit formed of two-axle vehicles with sliding rails and a vehicle

  bogies with a load platform-

  sliding; Fig 5 is a schematic side view of a main drawbar transmitting tensile forces and thrust; and Fig. 6 is a schematic view of parts of carrier vehicles with extensions forming slides and extending beyond

the length of the vehicles.

  Figures 1 to 4 show variants of train units The connection of the various vehicles together is provided by éléménts, transmitting tensile forces and / or thrust, which are made in the examples shown as a drawbar main 4, a drawbar 7, a drawbar 8 or a spacing pad 9 Normal coupling and buffing devices 17, that is to say couplings with a buffer in the middle or buffers with coupling devices, are provided only at the free ends of the two end vehicles E The increased protection of the load, during buffering shocks, is provided by the use

  long-stroke dampers 1, which are

  advantageously in the middle of the different vehicles or, in the case where the train unit has a smaller number of long-range dampers than vehicles, only in the medium vehicle M or only in the end vehicles E. 2.5 With regard to their dynamic behavior during buffering shocks, vehicles are divided into two categories: those comprising sliding loading platforms 5 and carrying vehicles 2 and those comprising sliding spars 3 and bearing bodies. Vehicle 6 The running gear and the brake are respectively on the carrier vehicle 2 or on the vehicle body 6

  loading is in or on the sliding platform

  5 or 5 in the vehicle body 6, respectively the thrust, thrust and thrust forces are respectively transmitted by the vehicle

  carrier 2 or by the sliding spar.

  During a buffering shock, acting first directly by the coupling device and stamping 17 on the carrier vehicles 2 or on the sliding rails 3, coupled approximately rigidly, respectively all the sliding platforms 5 or all the vehicle bodies 6 are offset in the direction opposite to the direction of impact The drawbar 7 or the pull rods 8 and the spacing pads 9, or only

  spacing temperatures 9, arranged between the platforms

  sliding forms 5 and / or respectively the vehicle body 6, have the function of transmitting the forces necessary to maintain the spacing during a shock of buffering, to exclude a dangerous approximation to the passage of curves and ramps and d ensure the recall, following deviations, in case the train unit has a smaller number of shock absorbers

race 1 only vehicles.

  Figure 1 shows a train unit to which is applied the principle of the platform of

  sliding load 5 Platform 5 is advantageous

  performed in a uniform manner in the train unit, such as a carrier frame for large containers or as a closed vehicle body. The sliding platform 5 is connected to the carrier vehicle 2 by sliding parts 16 for the transmission of vehicles. vertical and transverse forces and by the long-stroke damper 1 for the transmission of forces acting in the direction of the length Pushing forces are transmitted, during a shock of buffering, through the

  spacing pads between the different sliding platforms in case the vehicle loadings differ or when, for other reasons, the dynamic behavior differs between the vehicles.

  FIG. 2 shows a train unit to which the principle of the sliding spar 3 is applied. The thrust and thrust through forces are transmitted, from one end of the train unit, by the coupling device and padding 17, the sliding rails 3 and the main coupling bars 4, directly at the other end The vehicle bodies 6 can correspond to all the usual types of railway vehicles, with respect to which they are only modified with respect to the incorporation of the sliding spar 3, large stroke dampers 1 and the arrangement of the drawbars 8 and spacing pads 9 in place of

  normal hitching and buffing devices.

  FIG. 3 shows a train unit in which, with the application of the principle of the sliding spar 3, the loading plane 12 is lowered over several vehicle lengths, for example with a view to loading with high transport height. sliding rails 3 are located continuously below the center of the buffer (s) of the normal hitching and tamping device 17 The train unit contains only a large stroke damper, in the middle vehicle M In the vehicles end E, there is no transmission of longitudinal forces between the spar 3 and the body of the vehicle 6 drawbars 7 connect the vehicle body 6 to each other through the installation of a device shock absorber 15 to

  low stroke, high prestressing and

  flat or degressive tick, we get an offset

  advantageous, over time, the effect of the mas-

  peaks during a buffering shock.

  Figure 4 is the schematic side view of a train unit with two two-axle vehicles and a bogie vehicle. The two-axle vehicles are designed according to the principle of the sliding spar 3 and do not have a large-stroke damper. 1 The bogie vehicle is designed according to the principle of the sliding platform 5 Its carrier vehicle 2 is connected to the longitudinal members 3 of the two-axle vehicles by main drawbars 4 and the loading platform 5 is connected to the body of

  vehicle 6 by drawbar 7.

  Figure 5 shows a solution for the realization of the main drawbar under the

  in the form of a tubular body 13 with

14 on both sides.

  FIG. 6 shows a solution for the arrangement of slides 11 in case of application of the

  principle of the sliding loading platform 5.

  It allows, thanks to the diagonal offset, compared

  the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle, extend

  carrier vehicles 2, extending beyond

  the length of the vehicles, to increase the support of

  sliding load forms 5 in the middle zone of their end face, without increasing the spacing of the vehicles.

Claims (3)

  1 Train unit consisting of two or more two-axle and / or bogie vehicles, in particular for the carriage of loads requiring protection, in which all vehicles or at least one vehicle are equipped or equipped with shock absorber (1) and all vehicles are   optionally, according to the sliding spar principle   and / or with a sliding loading platform, characterized in that the carrier vehicles (2) or the sliding rails (3) are interconnected, or   carrier vehicles (2) are connected to the sliding   (3), by means of main drawbars (4) and   that between the loading platforms (5>   or vehicle bodies (6), or between sliding platforms (5) and vehicle bodies (6), are arranged hitch bars (7) or spacing pads, or traction (8) and   spacing pads (9) which connect the platforms   2 o forms or vehicle bodies and / or maintain them at short distance from each other.   Train unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the main drawbars (4) is lowered relative to the middle of the buffers of the normal coupling and buffering device (17) and the plane loading (12) is lowered continuously over several vehicle lengths.  3 Train unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carrier vehicles (2) have, on the opposite ends, extensions (10) diagonally offset with respect to the medium and acting as slides (11) for the vertical support of the platform (5), extensions which extend beyond the vehicle length itself.35 4 Train unit according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the bar main hitch (4) and / or the drawbar (7) are formed of a tubular body (13) provided with bearings   articulation (14) on both sides.   Train unit according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the spacing pads (9) have spherical impact surfaces similar to those of the buffer discs provided on the normal outer buffers. Train unit according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the connection of the bar of   traction (8) or drawbar (7) at one end   to the carrier vehicle (2) or to the sliding platform (5) is effected by means of a shock absorber device (15) with a single or double effect.