FR2672910A1 - PROCESS FOR DISSOLVING FOG, CUTTING ICE AND SNOW MELTING. - Google Patents
PROCESS FOR DISSOLVING FOG, CUTTING ICE AND SNOW MELTING. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2672910A1 FR2672910A1 FR9101880A FR9101880A FR2672910A1 FR 2672910 A1 FR2672910 A1 FR 2672910A1 FR 9101880 A FR9101880 A FR 9101880A FR 9101880 A FR9101880 A FR 9101880A FR 2672910 A1 FR2672910 A1 FR 2672910A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- fog
- ice
- snow melting
- dissolving
- cutting ice
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/08—Ice-breakers or other vessels or floating structures for operation in ice-infested waters; Ice-breakers, or other vessels or floating structures having equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63B35/12—Ice-breakers or other vessels or floating structures for operation in ice-infested waters; Ice-breakers, or other vessels or floating structures having equipment specially adapted therefor having ice-cutters
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H13/00—Dispersing or preventing fog in general, e.g. on roads, on airfields
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
- E01H5/10—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice by application of heat for melting snow or ice, whether cleared or not, combined or not with clearing or removing mud or water, e.g. burners for melting in situ, heated clearing instruments; Cleaning snow by blowing or suction only
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
PROCEDE DE DISSOLUTION DU BROUILLARD, DE COUPE DE LA GLACE
ET DE FUSION DE LA NEIGE
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de dissolution du brouillard, de coupe de la glace et de fusion de la neige.PROCESS FOR DISSOLVING FOG, CUTTING ICE
AND SNOW MELTING
The present invention relates to a method of dissolving fog, cutting ice and melting snow.
En ce qui concerne le brouillard, il n'est pas besoin d'insister sur les dangers que présente l'établissement de telles nappes qui diminuent considérablement, voire totalement la visibilité, constituant une gêne considérable pour les communications terrestres maritimes et aériennes.With regard to the fog, there is no need to insist on the dangers presented by the establishment of such layers which considerably reduce, if not completely, the visibility, constituting a considerable inconvenience for land communications by sea and by air.
En particulier, la perte provoquée par l'arrêt, une seule journée, d'un aéroport ou le blocage saisonnier d'un port par les glaces est considérable.In particular, the loss caused by the one-day shutdown of an airport or the seasonal freezing of a port by the ice is considerable.
On sait que le brouillard est constitué par une émulsion de gouttelettes d'eau dans l'air. Il constitue un nuage de type stratus reposant sur le sol. Les gouttelettes dont le diamètre moyen est compris entre une et quelques dizaines de microns sont en suspension dans l'air et ont une masse de l'ordre de 0,08 mg.We know that the fog consists of an emulsion of water droplets in the air. It constitutes a stratus cloud resting on the ground. The droplets whose average diameter is between one and a few tens of microns are suspended in air and have a mass of the order of 0.08 mg.
Par contre, les gouttes de pluie ont un diamètre moyen compris entre 400 et 1 000 microns de sorte qu'elles tombent au sol par gravité.On the other hand, raindrops have an average diameter of between 400 and 1,000 microns so that they fall to the ground by gravity.
Les principales raisons de formation du brouillard consistent en la présence de noyaux de condensation tels que des poussières soulevées du sol, des particules de sel de mer, des résidus de combustion etc...The main reasons for the formation of fog consist of the presence of condensation nuclei such as dust raised from the ground, particles of sea salt, combustion residues, etc.
On sait que le brouillard dit d'advection résulte du passage de l'air humide sur une surface froide, par exemple le sol en hiver. L'air humide se condense et, par une transformation adiabatique les gouttelettes de brouillard apparaissent et forment un ensemble stable. La coalescence des gouttelettes ne se produit que très lentement en l'absence de tout facteur extérieur.We know that the so-called advection fog results from the passage of moist air over a cold surface, for example the ground in winter. The humid air condenses and, by an adiabatic transformation, the mist droplets appear and form a stable whole. Coalescence of droplets occurs only very slowly in the absence of any external factor.
On a déjà pensé à faire agir de tels facteurs extérieurs.We have already thought of acting on such external factors.
Une solution physicochimique consiste à ensemencer le brouillard soit par des cristaux de glace qui provoquent le gel des gouttelettes qui transformées en glace tombent au sol, soit par des microcristaux d'iodure d'argent qui facilitent la coalescence des gouttelettes et leur chute sur le sol en agissant sur les tensions superficielles.A physicochemical solution consists in inoculating the mist either with ice crystals which cause the droplets to freeze, which turn into ice fall to the ground, or with silver iodide microcrystals which facilitate the coalescence of the droplets and their fall on the ground. by acting on the surface tensions.
En effet, le maintien en suspension des gouttelettes résulte d'un équilibre entre leur masse et leur tension superficielle dans l'air.Maintaining the droplets in suspension results from a balance between their mass and their surface tension in the air.
A l'inverse, on a déjà proposé non pas de geler les gouttelettes mais au contraire de les évaporer au moyen de gros brûleurs de sorte que les gouttelettes se dissolvent dans un flux d'air humide. Mais cette solution, utilisée sur quelques aéroports est manifestement non économique et, par ailleurs, la combustion génère des germes de formation de brouillard supplémentaires.Conversely, it has already been proposed not to freeze the droplets but on the contrary to evaporate them by means of large burners so that the droplets dissolve in a flow of moist air. But this solution, used at some airports is clearly uneconomical and, moreover, combustion generates additional mist-forming seeds.
EP-A-O 233 160 propose un appareil de dissolution du brouillard dans lequel le brouillard est aspiré, et mélangé avec de l'air chaud. Mais un tel appareil ne permet de traiter que des endroits très localisés et est sujet aux critiques énoncées au sujet des brûleurs.EP-A-O 233 160 proposes a device for dissolving the mist into which the mist is sucked, and mixed with hot air. But such a device can only treat very localized places and is subject to criticism of the burners.
Sommairement, aucun procédé ne permet actuellement de dissoudre dans des conditions viables le brouillard. La présente invention a pour objet de pallier cet inconvénient.Briefly, no process currently makes it possible to dissolve the fog under viable conditions. The object of the present invention is to overcome this drawback.
Selon la présente invention, le procédé de dissolution du brouillard de découpe de la glace ou de fusion de la neige est caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à bombarder la nappe de brouillard de glace ou de neige à l'aide d'au moins un faisceau Laser émettant, de préférence,dans l'infrarouge.According to the present invention, the method for dissolving the ice cutting mist or for melting the snow is characterized in that it consists in bombarding the sheet of ice mist or snow using at least one Laser beam emitting, preferably, in the infrared.
Ainsi, le faisceau Laser infrarouge est peu à peu absorbé par les gouttelettes qu'il évapore instantanément.Thus, the infrared laser beam is gradually absorbed by the droplets which it evaporates instantly.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la source
Laser est une source Laser au gaz carbonique.According to another characteristic of the invention, the source
Laser is a carbon dioxide laser source.
On sait que ces Lasers font appel à des transitions de vibration-rotation de la molécule de dioxyde de carbure C02 dans l'état électronique fondamental, le mélange gazeux étant constitué outre le gaz carbonique par de l'azote et de l'hélium. L'émission se fait à une longueur d'onde de 10 microns et le rendement, de l'ordre de 10 à 15 % est l'un des plus élevés. La puissance maximale peut atteindre plusieurs centaines de kilowatts en continu et davantage en régime impulsionnel.We know that these Lasers use vibration-rotation transitions of the carbide dioxide molecule C02 in the fundamental electronic state, the gas mixture being constituted in addition to carbon dioxide by nitrogen and helium. The emission takes place at a wavelength of 10 microns and the efficiency, of the order of 10 to 15% is one of the highest. The maximum power can reach several hundred kilowatts continuously and more in impulse mode.
En infrarouge, le faisceau Laser a la propriété de pénétrer dans le brouillard et d'être peu à peu absorbé. Tout danger éventuel peut être éliminé par des mesures appropriées.In infrared, the laser beam has the property of penetrating into the fog and being gradually absorbed. Any possible danger can be eliminated by appropriate measures.
Le faisceau Laser évapore les gouttelettes d'eau sur son passage et cette évaporation est instantanée ce qui restitue immédiatement la visibilité. Etant donné que le faisceau émis est sensiblement parallèle, il est avantageux de procéder à un balayage dans un angle solide déterminé. En outre, un (ou plusieurs) Laser peut aisément être embarqué à bord d'un véhicule terrestre , maritime ou aérien. Un ensemble de dispositifs Laser peuvent être placés à des distances convenables pour couvrir tout ou partie de la surface d'un aéroport.The laser beam evaporates the water droplets in its path and this evaporation is instantaneous which immediately restores visibility. Since the emitted beam is substantially parallel, it is advantageous to scan in a determined solid angle. In addition, one (or more) Laser can easily be taken on board a land, sea or air vehicle. A set of laser devices can be placed at suitable distances to cover all or part of the surface of an airport.
Compte tenu de ce que le faisceau cohérent infrarouge est absorbé par les molécules d'eau et agit comme une grande lame chauffante, la présente invention trouve également une application intéressante sur les brise-glace permettant de dégager des ports ou des voies maritimes. Dans ce cas, un ou plusieurs faisceaux sont dirigés par le navire brise-glace directement devant celui-ci ce qui lui permet de progresser et d'ouvrir un chenal par la coupe ou, au besoin, par le tronçonnage de la couche de glace contrairement aux navires brise-glace existants qui ne fonctionnent que par un effet de poussée ce qui peut être insuffisant à partir d'une certaine épaisseur ou étendue de la couche de glace.Given that the coherent infrared beam is absorbed by the water molecules and acts like a large heating blade, the present invention also finds an interesting application on icebreakers making it possible to clear ports or sea lanes. In this case, one or more beams are directed by the icebreaker ship directly in front of it which allows it to progress and open a channel by cutting or, if necessary, by cutting the layer of ice unlike to existing icebreaking vessels which operate only by a thrust effect which may be insufficient from a certain thickness or extent of the layer of ice.
Une autre application consiste dans l'emploi en chasse-neige d'un véhicule équipé de générateurs Lasers, ces générateurs étant alors utilisés pour faire fondre la neige.Another application consists in the use of a snow plow of a vehicle equipped with laser generators, these generators then being used to melt the snow.
Il va de soi que de nombreuses variantes peuvent être introduites, notamment par substitution de moyens techniquement équivalents sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention. It goes without saying that many variants can be introduced, in particular by substitution of technically equivalent means without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9101880A FR2672910A1 (en) | 1991-02-18 | 1991-02-18 | PROCESS FOR DISSOLVING FOG, CUTTING ICE AND SNOW MELTING. |
PCT/FR1992/000152 WO1992014882A1 (en) | 1991-02-18 | 1992-02-17 | Process for dispersing fog, cutting ice and melting snow |
EP19920906582 EP0529040A1 (en) | 1991-02-18 | 1992-02-17 | Process for dispersing fog, cutting ice and melting snow |
JP92506020A JPH05506289A (en) | 1991-02-18 | 1992-02-17 | How to disperse fog, cut ice and melt snow |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9101880A FR2672910A1 (en) | 1991-02-18 | 1991-02-18 | PROCESS FOR DISSOLVING FOG, CUTTING ICE AND SNOW MELTING. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2672910A1 true FR2672910A1 (en) | 1992-08-21 |
Family
ID=9409808
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9101880A Withdrawn FR2672910A1 (en) | 1991-02-18 | 1991-02-18 | PROCESS FOR DISSOLVING FOG, CUTTING ICE AND SNOW MELTING. |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0529040A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH05506289A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2672910A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992014882A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001010538A1 (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2001-02-15 | Michael Beatson | Method and apparatus for causing molecular excitation of water molecules suspended or contained in the lower atmosphere |
WO2012142718A1 (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-10-26 | Lasice Gmbh | Scoring and breaking-up of layers of black ice |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2043493B1 (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1995-11-01 | Fernandez Marcelino Fernandez | OPTICAL METHOD FOR METEOROLOGICAL CONTROL |
IL108814A0 (en) * | 1993-03-02 | 1994-06-24 | Du Pont | Improved feedcrops enriched in sulfur amino acids and methods for improvement |
ES2072216B1 (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1998-06-16 | Sulla Javier Prio | INFRARED RAY HEATING SYSTEM FOR THE REDUCTION OF FREEZES ON ROADS AND THE LIKE. |
US5556029A (en) * | 1994-09-12 | 1996-09-17 | Griese; Gary B. | Method of hydrometeor dissipation |
DE10005898B4 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2005-07-07 | Möller, Detlev, Prof. Dr. | Method and device for dissolving fog and / or clouds |
DE10135400B4 (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2005-06-16 | Möller, Detlev, Prof. Dr. | Method and device for dissolving fog and / or clouds |
DE102010018642B4 (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2015-07-16 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Method and device for producing a viewing window in an artificial camouflage fog |
DE102010018641A1 (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-03 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Method and device for removing a camouflage nebula |
RU2495785C1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-10-20 | ООО "Транс-колор" | Method of ice breaking |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2311169A1 (en) * | 1973-03-07 | 1974-09-12 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | DEVICE FOR FOG ELIMINATION, PREFERABLY AT AIRCRAFT |
US4379217A (en) * | 1981-02-05 | 1983-04-05 | Youmans Grace A | Method and means of melting frozen material on terrain or water surfaces |
DE3433961A1 (en) * | 1984-05-18 | 1985-11-21 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8000 München | METHOD FOR SUPPORTING AN ICEBREAKING PROCESS |
-
1991
- 1991-02-18 FR FR9101880A patent/FR2672910A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-02-17 WO PCT/FR1992/000152 patent/WO1992014882A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-02-17 JP JP92506020A patent/JPH05506289A/en active Pending
- 1992-02-17 EP EP19920906582 patent/EP0529040A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2311169A1 (en) * | 1973-03-07 | 1974-09-12 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | DEVICE FOR FOG ELIMINATION, PREFERABLY AT AIRCRAFT |
US4379217A (en) * | 1981-02-05 | 1983-04-05 | Youmans Grace A | Method and means of melting frozen material on terrain or water surfaces |
DE3433961A1 (en) * | 1984-05-18 | 1985-11-21 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8000 München | METHOD FOR SUPPORTING AN ICEBREAKING PROCESS |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001010538A1 (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2001-02-15 | Michael Beatson | Method and apparatus for causing molecular excitation of water molecules suspended or contained in the lower atmosphere |
WO2012142718A1 (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-10-26 | Lasice Gmbh | Scoring and breaking-up of layers of black ice |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH05506289A (en) | 1993-09-16 |
WO1992014882A1 (en) | 1992-09-03 |
EP0529040A1 (en) | 1993-03-03 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ST | Notification of lapse |