FR2636298A1 - Craft with wing-type sail hinged to the top of a mast - Google Patents

Craft with wing-type sail hinged to the top of a mast Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2636298A1
FR2636298A1 FR8811785A FR8811785A FR2636298A1 FR 2636298 A1 FR2636298 A1 FR 2636298A1 FR 8811785 A FR8811785 A FR 8811785A FR 8811785 A FR8811785 A FR 8811785A FR 2636298 A1 FR2636298 A1 FR 2636298A1
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France
Prior art keywords
wing
plane
mast
boat
sail
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
FR8811785A
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French (fr)
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Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to FR8811785A priority Critical patent/FR2636298A1/en
Priority to FR8911630A priority patent/FR2651477A2/en
Priority to PCT/FR1989/000447 priority patent/WO1990002683A1/en
Priority to EP89910112A priority patent/EP0386215A1/en
Priority to AU42170/89A priority patent/AU4217089A/en
Publication of FR2636298A1 publication Critical patent/FR2636298A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
    • B63H8/20—Rigging arrangements involving masts, e.g. for windsurfing

Abstract

Sail craft whose sail is a wing 1 which is symmetrical with respect to a plane, which is flat or V-shaped and is joined to the top of a mast 2 by a flexible articulation or a pivot, and which is generally manoeuvred using a control bar 5, perpendicular to the wing and underneath it, comprising at its base a handle 7. Rotation of the handle makes it possible to steer a boat which has a daggerboard 8. The mast is either fixed or can be moved in rotation about an axis directed along the longitudinal axis of the craft. Applications: sport and leisure boats, beach craft, sailboards, sail vehicles, sail cycles.

Description

ENGIN A VOILURE EN AILE FDEE ARTICULEE AU SOMMET D'UN MAT
Le présent brevet présente un bateau ou engin à voile dont la voilure est caractérisée par: - sa forme - sa fixation - son utilisation
La forme de la voilure est celle d'une aile symétrique selon un plan; elle peut être proche, en ce qui concerne sa géométrie et sa technologie de celle d'un avion, d'un delta-plane ou d'un ultra-léger-motorisé (ULM).FEDE WING VEHICLE ARTICULATED AT THE TOP OF A MAT
This patent presents a boat or sailing machine whose sails are characterized by: - its shape - its fixing - its use
The shape of the wing is that of a wing symmetrical according to a plane; it can be close, as regards its geometry and its technology to that of an airplane, a delta-plane or an ultra-light-motorized (ULM).

Une aile de ce type est illustrée aux figures 1,2 et 3 équipant un petit catamaran.A wing of this type is illustrated in Figures 1,2 and 3 fitted to a small catamaran.

L'aile (1) est reliée au sommet d'un mât (2) fixe par rapport aux coques (3) (éventuellement à la coque si elle est unique) ou mobile en rotation autour d'un axe,
I'aile étant fixée par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce (4) servant d'articulation, pouvant être une rotule ou une pièce souple. Le point de fixation à l'aile se situe sous celle-ci dans son plan de symétrie.The wing (1) is connected to the top of a mast (2) fixed relative to the hulls (3) (possibly to the hull if it is single) or movable in rotation about an axis,
The wing being fixed by means of a part (4) serving as an articulation, which may be a ball joint or a flexible part. The point of attachment to the wing is located below it in its plane of symmetry.

Pour être orientée, cette aile peut être équipée d'une tige (5), dite tige de commande, approximativement perpendiculaire au plan de portance moyen et située dans le plan de symétrie de l'aile sous celle-ci.To be oriented, this wing can be equipped with a rod (5), called the control rod, approximately perpendicular to the mean lift plane and located in the plane of symmetry of the wing under the latter.

Cette tige (5) peut être éventuellement renforcée par une autre tige et/ou des câbles (6) ou filins.This rod (5) can possibly be reinforced by another rod and / or cables (6) or ropes.

Elle peut être articulée pour se plier sous l'aile. It can be hinged to fold under the wing.

Sur un petit bateau ou un engin de plage à roues, l'aile est tenue et manoeuvrée au moyen d'un guidon (7), d'un volant ou de poignées situés à l'extrémité basse de la tige (5) de commande.On a small boat or wheeled beach machine, the wing is held and maneuvered by means of a handlebar (7), a steering wheel or handles located at the low end of the control rod (5) .

Au repos, le guidon (7) est accroché vers le bas du mât, éventuellement par un élastique, de sorte que la tige (5) de commande soit sensiblement verticale et que donc l'aile soit maintenue approximativement horizontale au-dessus du sommet du mât.At rest, the handlebar (7) is hooked down the mast, possibly by an elastic band, so that the control rod (5) is substantially vertical and therefore the wing is held approximately horizontal above the top of the mast.

Pour utiliser la voilure, on oriente l'aile de sorte que son plan de symétrie soit sensiblement vertical et parallèle à la direction du vent, le bord d'attaque de l'aile étant dirigée vers le vent, puis on bascule la tige de commande vers le haut et vers l'arrière du bateau jusqu'à ce que l'aile soit suffisamment verticale; pour border la voile, on amène la tige (5) vers le vent. Pour équilibrer la force du vent, l'utilisateur a intérêt à se pencher en arrière en se tenant au guidon (7) de commande.To use the airfoil, the wing is oriented so that its plane of symmetry is substantially vertical and parallel to the wind direction, the leading edge of the wing being directed towards the wind, then the control rod is tilted. up and aft of the boat until the wing is sufficiently vertical; to border the sail, we bring the rod (5) towards the wind. To balance the force of the wind, the user has an interest in leaning back while holding onto the control handlebar (7).

Selon une variante, l'aile est constituée de 2 demi-ailes, qui ne sont pas dans un même plan mais dans 2 plans faisant entre eux un angle d'au moins 15 et généralement proche de 400. Ainsi, vues de l'avant, les 2 demi-ailes forment un angle alpha d'environ 140 comme montré à la figure 4. According to a variant, the wing consists of 2 half-wings, which are not in the same plane but in 2 planes forming between them an angle of at least 15 and generally close to 400. Thus, seen from the front , the 2 half-wings form an alpha angle of about 140 as shown in Figure 4.

Pour son utilisation, I'aile est mise dans une position proche de celle présentée à la figure 4 où la demi-aile supérieure est verticale, la demi-aile inférieure faisant alors un angle beta de 40 environ avec la verticale.For its use, the wing is placed in a position close to that presented in FIG. 4 where the upper half-wing is vertical, the lower half-wing then making a beta angle of approximately 40 with the vertical.

Ainsi, lorsque le vent supposé horizontal, souffle dans cette voile, la composante horizontale de la force donnée par l'aile supérieure est plus grande que la composante horizontale de la force donnée par l'aile inférieure. Le centre de poussée horizontale de la voile se trouve alors en un point (par exemple C) situé au-dessus du point de rotation (4) situé au sommet du mât.Thus, when the supposed horizontal wind blows in this sail, the horizontal component of the force given by the upper wing is greater than the horizontal component of the force given by the lower wing. The center of horizontal thrust of the sail is then at a point (for example C) located above the point of rotation (4) located at the top of the mast.

On peut donc, si l'on fait tourner la voile autour de la tige (5) de commande, prise comme axe de rotation, déplacer le centre de poussée vers l'avant ou l'arrière du bateau.It is therefore possible, if the sail is rotated around the control rod (5), taken as the axis of rotation, to move the center of thrust towards the front or the rear of the boat.

Ainsi. il est possible de diriger un bateau ayant au moins une dérive (8) en utilisant le guidon (7) pour faire tourner la tige (5) sur elle-même dans un sens ou l'autre sens, car on remonte au vent (on loffe) lorsqu'on met le centre de poussée de la voile derrière le centre de réaction de la dérive (sensiblement le barycentre de la dérive), et on descend sous le vent (on abat) lorsqu'on met le centre de poussée de la voile devant le centre de réaction de la dérive.So. it is possible to steer a boat having at least one drift (8) using the handlebars (7) to rotate the rod (5) on itself in one direction or the other direction, because we go upwind (we loffe) when we put the center of thrust of the sail behind the center of reaction of the fin (substantially the center of gravity of the fin), and we go downwind (we shoot down) when we put the center of thrust of the sailing in front of the drift reaction center.

Selon une variante présentée aw figures 5 et 6, le mât (9) est mobile autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe longitudinal de la coque; il est, par exemple, relié à la coque par 2 charnières (10) et (11) dont les axes sont selon l'axe longitudinal de la coque; ainsi, lorsque le mât (9) tourne autour des charnières, son sommet décrit un cercle dans un plan transversal à la coque. Les 2 charnières peuvent être remp]acées par des articulations souples.According to a variant presented in Figures 5 and 6, the mast (9) is movable about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hull; it is, for example, connected to the hull by 2 hinges (10) and (11) whose axes are along the longitudinal axis of the hull; thus, when the mast (9) rotates around the hinges, its top describes a circle in a plane transverse to the hull. The 2 hinges can be replaced by flexible joints.

Au repos, le mât est approximativement horizontal à la surface de l'eau et la voile repose sur l'eau du côté sous le vent (position B de la figure 6 et figure 7 qui montre une vue du haut).At rest, the mast is approximately horizontal to the surface of the water and the sail rests on the water on the leeward side (position B in Figure 6 and Figure 7 which shows a view from above).

Pour son utilisation, on tire sur un bout (12) une corde ou équivalent fixée à l'avant de la voile au centre de son bord d'attaque; ainsi on soulève le bord d'attaque de la voile, ce qui permet au vent de passer sous l'aile et d'aider à la relever. Puis on tire l'aile à soi jusqu'à saisir la tige de commande (5) ou le guidon (7). A l'aide de cettetige, on bascule la voile en position presque verticale (position D de la figure 6) puis on la borde.For its use, a rope or equivalent attached to the front of the sail is pulled on one end (12) at the center of its leading edge; this raises the leading edge of the sail, which allows the wind to pass under the wing and help to raise it. Then pull the wing towards you until you grab the control rod (5) or the handlebars (7). Using this rod, the sail is tilted to an almost vertical position (position D in Figure 6) and then bordered.

Selon une variante présentée aux figures 8 et 9, la voilure peut équiper un bateau de taille moyenne ou grande; l'aile est manoeuvrée d'lune part à l'aide de 2 bouts (13), ou cordes ou filins de mise en place, reliant chaque extrémité de l'aile au bateau et d'autre part à l'aide d'une écoute (14) reliant un point situé à lyaxrièrc de l'aile dans son plan de symétrie, au bateau.According to a variant presented in Figures 8 and 9, the wing can equip a medium or large boat; the wing is maneuvered on the one hand using 2 ends (13), or ropes or ropes for positioning, connecting each end of the wing to the boat and on the other hand using a sheet (14) connecting a point located at the center of the wing in its plane of symmetry, to the boat.

L'aile est mise en position proche de la verticale en tendant l'un des bouts (13) et la voile est bordée en tirant vers le vent l'écoute (14).The wing is brought into position close to the vertical by stretching one of the ends (13) and the sail is bordered by pulling the sheet towards the wind (14).

Pour une utilisation sur le sol, la voilure peut être adaptée à un véhicule à 2,3 ou 4 roues; elle est montée au sommet d'un mât pouvant faire partie intégrante du cadre du véhicule ou pouvant basculer sur la droite ou la gauche du véhicule comme dans son utilisation sur les petits bateaux de type planches à voile.For use on the ground, the blade can be adapted to a vehicle with 2,3 or 4 wheels; it is mounted on top of a mast which can be an integral part of the vehicle frame or which can tilt to the right or left of the vehicle as in its use on small boats of the windsurfing type.

Une version d'un véhicule à 2 roues et mât fixe est montrée figure 10.A version of a 2-wheeled vehicle with a fixed mast is shown in Figure 10.

L'aile est fixée au sommet du mât (15) par un élément souple; I'utilisateur a les pieds sur la barre (16) inférieure du cadre; il tient la voile par le guidon (7); il guide le véhicule à l'aide de son pied le plus en avant en agissant sur un guidon (17) relié à la roue avant.The wing is fixed to the top of the mast (15) by a flexible element; The user has his feet on the lower bar (16) of the frame; he holds the sail by the handlebars (7); he guides the vehicle using his most forward foot by acting on a handlebar (17) connected to the front wheel.

La voilure peut être réalisée en toile tendue sur une armature de tubes d'alliage léger ou de matériaux composites; elle peut comporter des parties faites d'une enveloppe tanche gonflée . L'aile peut également cotre réalisée frigide en matériau composite rempli de mousse.The blade can be made of stretched canvas on a frame of light alloy tubes or composite materials; it may include parts made of a swollen waterproof envelope. The wing can also be cut from a composite material filled with foam.

APPLICATIONS: bateaux de sports et loisirs, engins de plage, planches à voile, véhicules à voile, bicyclette à voile. APPLICATIONS: sports and leisure boats, beach machines, windsurfers, sailing vehicles, sailing bicycles.

Claims (5)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Engin à voile comportant au moins une voilure faite d'une aile (1) mobile, symétrique selon un plan, caractérisé en ce que cette aile est fixée par un point situé sous elle dans son plan de symétrie au moyen d'une rotule (4) ou d'une pièce élastique servant d'articulation reliant l'aile au sommet d'un mât (2) fixe, ou mobile en rotation autour d'un axe (10) ou (11) parallèle à J'axe longitudinal du bateau ou engin. 1. Sailing craft comprising at least one wing made of a movable wing (1), symmetrical along a plane, characterized in that this wing is fixed by a point situated under it in its plane of symmetry by means of a ball joint (4) or of an elastic piece serving as an articulation connecting the wing at the top of a fixed mast (2), or mobile in rotation about an axis (10) or (11) parallel to the longitudinal axis of the boat or machine. 2. Engin à voile selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que pour sa manoeuvre et son maintien, I'aile (1) est équipée d'une tige (5) fixée à l'aile rigidement ou articulée, qui, en mode opératoire normal, est approximativement perpendiculaire au plan de portance moyen de l'aile et située sous celle-ci dans son plan de symétrie, la tige comportant à son extrémité un guidon (7), un volant ou des poignées permettant de l'orienter et de la faire tourner sur elle-même.2. Sailing machine according to claim 1 characterized in that for its operation and its maintenance, the wing (1) is equipped with a rod (5) fixed to the wing rigidly or articulated, which, in normal operating mode , is approximately perpendicular to the mean lift plane of the wing and located under the latter in its plane of symmetry, the rod comprising at its end a handlebar (7), a steering wheel or handles allowing it to be oriented and spin on itself. 3. Engin à voile selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que l'aile (1) est formée de 2 demi-ailes situées dans 2 plans différents faisant entre eux un angle d'au moins 15 et généralement proche de 40, de sorte qu'en utilisation normale la demi-aile supérieure soit sensiblement verticale tandis que l'autre demi-aile fait un angle d'environ 40 avec la verticale.3. Sailing machine according to claim 2 characterized in that the wing (1) is formed by 2 half-wings located in 2 different planes forming between them an angle of at least 15 and generally close to 40, so that 'in normal use the upper half-wing is substantially vertical while the other half-wing makes an angle of about 40 with the vertical. 4. Engin à voile selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'aile est manoeuvrée d'une part à l'aide de 2 bouts (13), cordes ou filins de mise en place, reliant chaque extrémité de l'aile au bateau et d'autre part, à l'aide d'une écoute (14) reliant au bateau un point situé à l'arrière de l'aile dans son plan de symétrie.4. Sailing machine according to claim 1 characterized in that the wing is maneuvered on the one hand using 2 ends (13), ropes or ropes of establishment, connecting each end of the wing to the boat and on the other hand, using a sheet (14) connecting to the boat a point located at the rear of the wing in its plane of symmetry. 5. Engin à voile selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que pour son utilisation sur le sol, la voilure est montée au sommet d'un mât faisant partie intégrante du cadre d'un véhicule à 2 roues dont la roue avant est guidée par l'utilisateur à l'aide de son pied agissant sur un guidon (17), 5. Sailing machine according to claim 2 characterized in that for its use on the ground, the blade is mounted at the top of a mast forming an integral part of the frame of a 2-wheeled vehicle whose front wheel is guided by the user using his foot acting on a handlebar (17),
FR8811785A 1988-09-09 1988-09-09 Craft with wing-type sail hinged to the top of a mast Withdrawn FR2636298A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8811785A FR2636298A1 (en) 1988-09-09 1988-09-09 Craft with wing-type sail hinged to the top of a mast
FR8911630A FR2651477A2 (en) 1988-09-09 1989-09-06 Craft with a wing-shaped sail structure fixed articulated to the top of a mast
PCT/FR1989/000447 WO1990002683A1 (en) 1988-09-09 1989-09-07 Craft with fixed wing hinged at the top of a mast
EP89910112A EP0386215A1 (en) 1988-09-09 1989-09-07 Craft with fixed wing hinged at the top of a mast
AU42170/89A AU4217089A (en) 1988-09-09 1989-09-07 Craft with fixed wing hinged at the top of a mast

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8811785A FR2636298A1 (en) 1988-09-09 1988-09-09 Craft with wing-type sail hinged to the top of a mast

Publications (1)

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FR2636298A1 true FR2636298A1 (en) 1990-03-16

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FR8811785A Withdrawn FR2636298A1 (en) 1988-09-09 1988-09-09 Craft with wing-type sail hinged to the top of a mast

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FR (1) FR2636298A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20090554A1 (en) * 2009-04-07 2010-10-08 Clamadue S R L SAILING VESSEL

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2491767A1 (en) * 1980-10-10 1982-04-16 Joustra Sa Toy sand yacht with sail on mast - has sail and front guiding wheel moved by cable round pulley on boom
FR2510969A1 (en) * 1981-08-10 1983-02-11 Buraschi Daniel Sailing craft rigging support - has arm which pivots on vertical axis of hull, maintaining sail surface at constant angle
EP0081003A1 (en) * 1981-12-07 1983-06-15 Aquata Surfboard Division GmbH & Co Sail arrangement
FR2532614A1 (en) * 1982-09-08 1984-03-09 Guichard Philippe Rigging with a free, independently pivoting aerofoil.
FR2535673A2 (en) * 1981-04-09 1984-05-11 Jaures Jacques Rigging which is inclinable in the wind for wind-propelled craft
DE3243435A1 (en) * 1981-06-02 1984-05-24 Otto Dr.med. 5000 Köln Jung Rig with dragon sail
EP0129212A2 (en) * 1983-06-20 1984-12-27 Peter Kindermann Bicycle sail propulsion
DE3432970A1 (en) * 1984-09-07 1985-01-31 Peter 8217 Mietenkam Nowak Rig for a sailing craft

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2491767A1 (en) * 1980-10-10 1982-04-16 Joustra Sa Toy sand yacht with sail on mast - has sail and front guiding wheel moved by cable round pulley on boom
FR2535673A2 (en) * 1981-04-09 1984-05-11 Jaures Jacques Rigging which is inclinable in the wind for wind-propelled craft
DE3243435A1 (en) * 1981-06-02 1984-05-24 Otto Dr.med. 5000 Köln Jung Rig with dragon sail
FR2510969A1 (en) * 1981-08-10 1983-02-11 Buraschi Daniel Sailing craft rigging support - has arm which pivots on vertical axis of hull, maintaining sail surface at constant angle
EP0081003A1 (en) * 1981-12-07 1983-06-15 Aquata Surfboard Division GmbH & Co Sail arrangement
FR2532614A1 (en) * 1982-09-08 1984-03-09 Guichard Philippe Rigging with a free, independently pivoting aerofoil.
EP0129212A2 (en) * 1983-06-20 1984-12-27 Peter Kindermann Bicycle sail propulsion
DE3432970A1 (en) * 1984-09-07 1985-01-31 Peter 8217 Mietenkam Nowak Rig for a sailing craft

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20090554A1 (en) * 2009-04-07 2010-10-08 Clamadue S R L SAILING VESSEL
WO2010116277A1 (en) * 2009-04-07 2010-10-14 Clamadue S.R.L. Watercraft with pivotable rigid sail

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