FR2617366A1 - ROTATIVE HARROW - Google Patents

Abstract

The rotary harrow for treating strips of soil between rows of fruit trees, in particular between rows of young plants, has a rotating disc equipped with tines. It is connected to a motor vehicle 2 and is equipped with hydraulic drive means, comprising a hydraulic pump 4 connected to the power take-off 6 of the motor vehicle 2 and a hydraulic motor 11 connected to said disc 1, as well as jacks 8, 9 for position adjustment. Application to harrowing between fruit trees along the same line of trees.

Description

ROTATIVE HARROW

  The invention relates to a rotary harrow having a rotatably mounted disk on which are arranged teeth, the harrow being intended to treat the soil between the rows of seedlings and in particular the seedlings of fruit crops. It is known that the undesirable presence of weeds in the strips of land between the rows of vine or fruit trees of large-scale crops, causes great problems. The treatment apparatus is generally suitable for the treatment of inter-row soil strips, however the parts of land between plants in each row require special chemical treatment to kill the weeds. This method is expensive because both the purchase

  herbicide applications are cost-effective

his.

  The present technique has an additional disadvantage

  in that the harrows, such as the rotating disc harrows used to treat the strips between the rows of plants, produce earth crests which hinder all the work on the plantations. To avoid these problems, the publication HU-A-172 577 proposes the use of a device which makes it possible to treat the soil in the parts aligned on the plants and / or in the bands between the rows of plants with the aid of a soil treatment apparatus, to be moved or driven, which apparatus essentially comprises a disk that can be rotated by the effect of soil resistance and laterally erased against the action

spring or the like.

  On the lower surface of the disc are fixed organs intended to tear and / or cut the bad

  herbs; advantageously they consist of cutting blades

  your directed down. During the service, the disc enters the parts or strips of soil along the rows of trees or between plants or vines to treat the soil. This presents a great advantage over traditional soil treatment processes. In part,

  however, this device can not be used for

  soil on a large scale. The reason for this is that the disc that enters the soil is set in motion only in response to soil resistance and that soil is not, in most cases, important enough to ensure

  effective treatment. Another disadvantage of this agency

  lies in the fact that the direction of rotation can not be

  the peripheral speed, the inclination, the depth of penetration, etc., even in the case where the soil treatment conditions are such that the rotation of the disk is ensured. Moreover, the dimensions of the disc, the shape and

  The arrangement of the teeth depends on the mechanical conditions

  but are not determined by the optimal parameters

that the soil treatment requires.

  Another disadvantage of the known structure is due to the fact that the rotation of the disc is hampered by pieces of

  wood, stumps and trunks, which may also provoke

  cause a break in the teeth, as the device does not provide

  the erasure of the disc in the case of excessive

  sive. Because the disc is not driven, it does not allow the collection of fallen leaves, garbage, etc. This known soil treatment device is also not suitable for young plantings because the weak stems or trunks do not resist the tilted disc, which is heavy and held by the ground, and they may be damaged or broken. The object of the present invention is to create a device which does not have the disadvantages mentioned and which is suitable for reliable, adjustable and large-scale soil treatment in all the young plantations of vines and fruit trees invaded by weeds so that treatment does not only concern the soil strips between the rows of plants, but also the parts of the soil aligned with the rows of trees or other plants, so that it is avoided or reduced to a minimum so chemical weeding. This object is achieved by a rotary harrow having a rotatably mounted disk equipped with teeth, harrow which comprises according to the invention a hydraulic pump, connected to a motor vehicle and / or to a chassis coupled to a motor vehicle, and which also includes a hydraulic motor connected to the disc as well as cylinders for adjusting the position; the hydraulic system being advantageously equipped with a pressure limiter. An advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention comprises several units of harrows, one unit being mounted on the three-point suspension of the motor vehicle and the other unit on the chassis thereof, between the front wheel. and the rear wheel. The unit mounted on the frame of the motor vehicle is equipped with an extension mechanism which advantageously comprises a guide arm and a valve of

  control connected to the extension cylinder.

  Another embodiment comprises units mounted on the trailing frame and connected to the motor vehicle, one of the units being mounted laterally on the front part of the trailing frame, the other unit being mounted on the rear part of the trailing frame and both units being equipped with a hydraulic control device which comprises a hydraulic pump connected to the PTO of the prime mover, a hydraulic motor connected to the disc of the cylinders for adjusting the position, as well as pressure limiters, the trailed frame being advantageously equipped with a jack for lifting the frame. The lateral unit is equipped with an extension mechanism which advantageously comprises a guide arm and a control valve connected to the extension cylinder. The harrows advantageously have teeth mounted on a circular frame and the disc of the rear unit has a diameter greater than that of the side disc. Both harrows are advantageously equipped with

  adjustment pins of the cantilever discs.

  The devices thus produced avoid the use of

  pollutants and disc harrows used previously.

  which produce annoying crests for work in

fruit tree plantations.

  The device according to the invention destroys the fallen leaves under the fallen trees or fruits during the winter

and thus prevents infections.

  The use of the invention therefore does not

  avoid pollution, but also facilitates

  soil treatment and reduces the cost.

  Since the harrow disk is driven by a driving force, their direction and speed of rotation and the depth adjustment of the teeth can be varied during

  Soil treatment is also assured.

  The pressure relief valve in the hydraulic system ensures at the same time that the teeth are not damaged by abutting against tree trunks, pieces of wood or stems preventing rotation of the disc. Thus, we obtain a safe operation and we eliminate any risk of failure of the

device.

  The weight of the device is nevertheless low because of the

slight weight of the chassis.

  By using the device according to the invention it is possible not only to eliminate the undesirable effects of capillarity, to treat the soil, to bury the excavations fallen in the soil and to loosen the soil but also to pick up the pruning scraps of

branches as well as waste.

  Other goals, features and benefits

  read the description of various modes of

  embodiment of the invention, made in a nonlimiting manner and with reference to the accompanying drawing, o: - Figure 1 is an advantageous kinematic diagram of the device according to the invention; - Figure 2 shows the hydraulic system of the device shown in Figure 1; - Figure 3 is a diagram of the soil treatment performed using the device according to the invention; - Figure 4 is the kinematic diagram of another mode

  of the device according to the invention.

  vention; - Figure 5 shows the hydraulic system of the device shown in Figure 4; - Figure 6 is a diagram of the soil treatment performed using the device according to the invention; FIG. 7 shows the kinematic diagram of another embodiment of the device according to the invention; and - Figure 8 is a diagram of the soil treatment performed

with the aforementioned device.

  The embodiment shown in Figure 1 is a towed device. The rotary harrow I has teeth mounted on a circular frame and is connected to the suspension

  at three points of the motor vehicle 2 using the frame 3.

  On the chassis 3 is arranged the hydraulic pump 4 and the hydraulic oil reservoir 5. The hydraulic pump 4 is driven by the cardan shaft 7 to the PTO 6 of the engine 2. The chassis 3 is associated with lifting cylinders 8 and 9 which ensure the angular positioning and the height of the harrow 1. To facilitate the transport and the half-turn, it is possible to raise and to rotate upward the

  harrow 1 using the hydraulic cylinders.

  The rotary harrow 1 is driven by the hydraulic motor

  which is connected to the bevel gears 10, the position is determined by the pin 12 serving to adjust the

cantilever of the disc.

  Figure 2 shows the hydraulic system of the device.

  The hydraulic pump 4 which is driven by the PTO 6 drives the hydraulic oil through the flow controller 13 to the hydraulic motor 11, where it returns

  passing through the magnetic filter, to the oil tank (tarpaulin) 5.

  The oil is sucked through the magnetic filter 15 and the

ball valve 16.

  The hydraulic system is also equipped with a

  pressure sensor 17 to prevent damage to the device by an obstacle and to protect the hydraulic motor 1l

against overloads.

  Note in Figure 3 that we can use the

  structure according to the invention also with a traditional hoe

  tional 18, which treats the soil strips 19 between the rows of plants in the traditional way. The rotary harrow 1 according to the invention penetrates at the same time into the parts of the ground situated in the alignment of the rows of plants and it also processes the peak 21 as shown in the section at the top of FIG. 3. Only the soil strip very narrow 22 is not treated; it can possibly be treated by

chemical products.

  The embodiment shown can be used mainly for the treatment of young plants, because the rotary harrow 1 does not touch the trunks or stems still fragile in the soil strip 22 and thus guarantees

  an optimum soil treatment without damaging the plants.

  The embodiment shown in Figure 4 shows a towed device comprising rotary harrows 1 and 23 provided with teeth mounted on a circular frame. The circular harrow is connected to the three-point suspension of the motor vehicle 2 using the frame 3. The drive is carried out from the PTO 6 of the motor vehicle 2

  by the cardan shaft 7 and the gear 24 which also drives

  time the hydraulic pumps 4 and 25. The hydraulic pump 4

  drives the rotary harrow 1, the hydraulic pump

  25 is a double circuit pump and it drives, on the one hand, the rotary harrow 23 and, secondly, it

  controls the associated extension mechanism.

  The figure shows that the training of the rotary harrow

  1 connected to the hydraulic pump 4 is realized by the

  hydraulic motor 11 connected to the pinion gear

  10. On the chassis 3, on the other hand,

  cylinders 8 and 9 which serve to lift the frame as well as the

  12 to adjust the extension.

  The frame 26 of the other unit comprising the smallest

  rotary harrow 23 is mounted laterally on the machine with

  2 between the front wheel and the rear wheel. The chassis SS also comprises a shaft 12 for adjusting the extension of the disc and a hydraulic cylinder 27 used to lift the harrow. The hydraulic motor 11 drives the rotary harrow 23, the displacement being effected by means of a guide arm 28,

  the control valve 29 and the extension cylinder.

  The guide arm 28 explores the trees or vines and actuates by a spring mechanism the control valve 29. The extension cylinder ensures the displacement

  corresponding to the rotary harrow 23.

  The rear harrow assembly treats the soil in the soil strip from the edge of the machine to the row of plants, the assembly mounted on the central portion of the machine treats the soil of the web defined by the alignment of rows of plants or trees. The hydraulically operated extension mechanism of the harrow treating the soil strip along the line defined by the rows of plants or trees allows penetration into this soil strip and

  arriving at the tree or at the vine, the mechanism of extension

  it can be worked around while treating the soil close to

immediately.

  The orientation of the two rotary harrows can be adjusted horizontally and vertically depending on the terrain and

  soil conditions. To facilitate transportation and half

  The two rotary harrows can be raised and swiveled upwards by means of a jack. We can use

  not only jointly but also separately

is lying.

  Raising and lowering the rotary harrow

  1 rear, the displacement of the articulated frame to a transport position and work, as well as the lifting of the rotary harrow 23 and its adjustment in its working position are performed by the hydraulic system of the motor vehicle. Figure 5 shows the hydraulic system disposed on the frame 4 of the device. To the left of the dashed line is the single-circuit hydraulic pump 8 (4) driven by the gear 7 (24), i.e., the hydraulic circuit of the rotary harrow 1; to the right of the dashed line we see the double circuit hydraulic pump 9 (25), that is to say the means for driving and controlling the movement of the harrow

rotary 1 (23).

  In the first hydraulic circuit, in a manner similar to that shown in FIG. 2, the hydraulic pump 4 delivers the oil immediately to the hydraulic motor 11, after having sucked it from the oil reservoir 5 through the ball valve 16 and the magnetic filter 15. From the hydraulic motor 11, the oil returns through the

  magnetic filter 14, to the oil reservoir 5.

  The system includes the pressure limiter 17 to prevent damage to the device or overload of the device.

hydraulic motor by an obstacle.

  The hydraulic circuit of the rotary harrow 23

  in a similar way. The oil arrives in the pump

  double circuit, which is driven by the engi-

  24, from the tank 5 and through the ball valve 31 and the magnetic filter 32. In the first circuit, the oil arrives in the hydraulic motor 18 (11) and from there it returns through the magnetic filter 33 in the tank 5. This circuit is also equipped with a

pressure 37.

  Figure 6 shows that the illustrated structure can also be used with a conventional harrow 18 for treating a soil strip between two rows of plants, while the rotary harrow 1 treats the outer portion of the zone extending along the defined line

  rows of plants or trees and that the rotary harrow

  Tive 23 treats the soil parts between the trees. It is clearly seen that the peak 21 shown in section at the top of the figure disappears completely after the

  treatment shown in section at the bottom of the figure, that is,

  that is to say that not only the soil strips between the rows of plants but also the soil of the strip extending along the line defined by the rows of plants or plants can be treated completely with the device according to the invention. 'trees and that we can rid this area completely

weeds.

  The device according to the invention can be used in a particularly advantageous manner in cases where the rows

  trees are surrounded by grass to provide water.

  In this case we do not use traditional harrows.

  The embodiment shown in Figure 7 shows a tractor engine tractor which are connected to the rotary harrows 1 and 23 provided with teeth mounted on circular frames. The rotary harrows 1 and 23 are connected to the frame 38 of the motor vehicle. The frame 38 is equipped with a

  10. Engine group 39 and a cylinder 40 for lifting the chassis.

  The driving force is transmitted from the PTO 6 of the motor vehicle to the gear 24 which drives at the same time the hydraulic pumps 4 and 25. The hydraulic pump 4 drives the rotary harrow 1, the pump hydraulic 25

  is a double circuit pump and ensures, on the one hand, the

  of the rotary harrow 23 and, on the other hand,

extension mechanism thereof.

  The setting of the rotary harrow 1 connected to the hydraulic pump 4 is carried out by the adjustment shaft 12 of

  extension and by the hydraulic motor.

  In addition, the support arm 27 of the harrow is equipped

  a jack 14 for lifting the harrow.

  - The support arm 41 of the other set of harrow 23 of smaller dimensions is attached laterally to the frame

  38. This unit also includes a lifting arm

  ge 42 and a jack 17 to lift the harrow.

  The rotary harrow 23 is driven by the hydraulic motor

  11, its extension movement is effected by means of the guide arm 28, the control valve 29 and the extension cylinder 30 as described above with reference to FIG.

figure 4.

  Also similar to the previously described embodiment, the soil strip between the rows of plants is treated from the edge of the machine to the zone located

  in front of the row using the rear harrow unit, however,

  as the soil strip aligned with the rows of plants is treated by the lateral unit mounted on the central part of the machine. The hydraulically operated extension mechanism of the harrow treating the soil parts of the rows of plants allows penetration into the soil parts and when approaching a tree or vine, the mechanism makes it possible to circumvent these while treating the soil even in their immediate vicinity. The angular position of the two rotary harrows can be adjusted horizontally and vertically depending on the ground conditions and the nature of the ground. In order to facilitate the movement and the U-turns, the two rotary harrows can be raised and swiveled up using the two hydraulic cylinders. We can use both

  units, either together or separately.

  The hydraulic system of the prime mover pulling the chassis 38 controls the lifting or lowering of the plate

  coupling and lifting cylinder of both units.

  The towed chassis comprises an independent hydraulic system which, as already described, is driven by the power take-off of the engine unit by means of a transmission shaft. This hydraulic system is the same as the one

shown in Figure 5.

  Note in Figure 8, that when using the structure shown, the rotary harrow 1 treats the outer portion of the strip extending along the line defined by the rows of plants or trees and the harrow rotary 23 treats the soil parts between the tree trunks. The peak 21 shown at the top disappears after the treatment as shown in the bottom section of the figure. With this device, it is therefore possible to completely treat and weed not only the soil strips between the rows of plants, but also the soil strips aligned with the rows of plants. As can be seen from the foregoing, the soil strips between the rows of plants can be completely treated with this device.

  the strips of soil aligned with the rows of plants,

  to say that one can suppress any treatment by chemicals, which considerably reduces the duration and the cost

soil treatment.

  Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown, but it is capable of many variants accessible to humans.

  art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (13)

  1. Rotary harrow for the treatment of soil strips between rows of fruit trees, in particular between rows of seedlings, comprising a rotatably mounted disc equipped with teeth, characterized in that it is connected to a powered vehicle (2) and / or a trailed chassis (38) coupled to a motor vehicle (2) and is equipped with hydraulic drive means, which comprise a hydraulic pump (4) connected to the PTO ( 6) of the motor vehicle (2) and a hydraulic motor (11) connected to said disk,   as well as cylinders (8, 9) for adjusting the position.   2. Rotary harrow according to claim 1, characterized   in that it is mounted on a frame (3) fixed to the driving machine (2).   3. Rotary harrow according to claim 2, characterized   in that the frame (3) is equipped with a shaft (12) for   the adjustment of the cantilever movement.   4. Rotary harrow according to claim 1, characterized   characterized in that it comprises several units of harrows, one of said units being mounted on the three-point suspension of the motor vehicle (2) and another unit being mounted on the chassis of the motor vehicle (2) between the front wheel and the rear wheel thereof and that both units are equipped with a hydraulic drive unit which comprises a hydraulic pump (4) connected to the power take-off (6) of the machine motor (2), as well as a hydraulic motor (11) connected to said disk and cylinders (8, 9) for adjusting the position and, furthermore, that the unit mounted on the chassis of the machine to motor (2) is equipped with an extension mechanism (of cantilevering).   5. Rotary harrow according to claim 4, characterized   in that the units are equipped with adjusting pins   cantilever (extension) disks.   6. Rotary harrow according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the disc of the rear unit of the rotary harrow (1) has a greater diameter than the   disc of the rotary harrow (23) of the lateral unit.   7. Rotary harrow according to claim 1, characterized   characterized in that it comprises a towed chassis (3) to the machine to   motor, one of the units being mounted laterally on the   front of the towed chassis (3), while another unit is mounted on the rear part of the towed chassis (3), in that both units are equipped with a hydraulic drive system which comprises a hydraulic pump (4). ) connected to the power take-off (6) of the motor-driven machine (2) to ensure the adjustment of the position, and in that the unit mounted on the chassis of the motor-driven machine (2) is equipped with a mechanism   extension (displacement on cantilever).   8. Rotary harrow according to claim 7, characterized   in that the frame (3) is equipped with a pin for the adjusting the movement of the disc.   9. Rotary harrow according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the disk of the first unit (1) has a diameter greater than that of the disc of the other rotary harrow unit (23).   10. Rotary harrow according to one of claims 7 to 9,   characterized in that the towed chassis (3) is equipped with a lifting cylinder of the chassis.   11. Rotary harrow according to one of claims 1 to 10,   characterized in that the discs have teeth mounted on a circular frame.   12. Rotary harrow according to one of claims 1 to 11,   characterized in that the hydraulic system is equipped with pressure limiters (17, 37).   13. Rotary harrow according to one of claims 1 to 12,   characterized in that the extension mechanism comprises a guide arm (28) and a control valve (29) connected to the extension cylinder (30).