FR2687532A1

FR2687532A1 - Mechanical inter-plant hoeing apparatus

Info

Publication number: FR2687532A1
Application number: FR9115674A
Authority: FR
Inventors: Joseph Martelot
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1992-02-25
Filing date: 1992-02-25
Publication date: 1993-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 2012-02-25
Also published as: FR2687532B1

Abstract

Device for hoeing between young plants of any crop sown or planted in a row, with variable spacings along the row. The device is made up of two cutters with partial rotation, working on the surface of the ground in order to eliminate the weeds growing between the plants grown and sown in rows. These cutters are set in motion by a motorized operating means controlled by an optical or electronic means for detecting the plants to be protected. When the flux of the optical means is cut off by the plant to be protected, the cutters move apart, and as soon as the flux is reestablished the cutters move back together. The device according to the invention is particularly intended for inter-plant hoeing of small plants grown in the open fields and in market gardening or the like.

Description

- PINEUSE -INR-PLANTS
La présente invention concerne un dispositif pour biner entre les jeunes plants de toutes cultures, semés ou plantés à des intervalles variables sur une ligne, soit en culture de plein champ, maraîchère ou autre, assurant l'arrachage de jeunes plantules de mauvaise herbes situées entre les plants d'une même ligne.- PINEUSE -INR-PLANTS
The present invention relates to a device for hoeing between young plants of all cultures, sown or planted at variable intervals on a line, either in open field, vegetable or other culture, ensuring the uprooting of young weed seedlings located between plants in the same row.

Il existe déjà des appareils capables de réaliser un nettoyage inter-plants mais uniquement pour des plants solidement enracinés comme la vigne ou les arbres fruitiers, mais aucun dispositif n'existe pour le binage entre les plants peu éloignés les uns des autres (10 à 50 cm"sur le rang) et de surcroît fragiles. There are already devices capable of performing inter-plant cleaning but only for firmly rooted plants such as vines or fruit trees, but no device exists for hoeing between plants not far from each other (10 to 50 cm "on the row) and moreover fragile.

Le dispositif selon l'invention permet de remédier à cette carence. I1 comporte, en effet, selon une première caracteristiqueS deux couteaux à rotation partielle, mis en mouvement par un moyen motorisé de manoeuvre, commandé par un moyen optique ou électronique de détection des plants situé en avant des couteaux. Ce moyen est disposé sur le bâti de l'appareil, à faible hauteur au-dessus du sol et en avant des couteaux, de sorte que le flux étant coupé parle passage d'un plant entre émetteur et récepteur, assure l'écartement des couteaux, ceux-ci étant normalement croisés dans l'inter-plants (distance située entre deux plants à conserver). The device according to the invention makes it possible to remedy this deficiency. I1 comprises, in fact, according to a first caracteristiqueS two knives with partial rotation, set in motion by a motorized operating means, controlled by an optical or electronic means for detecting plants located in front of the knives. This means is arranged on the frame of the apparatus, at a low height above the ground and in front of the knives, so that the flow being cut by the passage of a plant between transmitter and receiver, ensures the spacing of the knives , these are normally crossed in the inter-plants (distance between two plants to keep).

Selon des modes particuliers de fabrication, la partie motrice sera
- un électro-aimant avec un ressort de rappel.According to particular manufacturing methods, the driving part will be
- an electromagnet with a return spring.

- un piston double-effet accouplé à une tringlerie de commande des
deux couteaux, mû soit par air comprimé ou huile admis par une él ectro-vanne. - a double-acting piston coupled to a control linkage for
two knives, driven either by compressed air or oil admitted by an electro-valve.

Les dessins annexés illustrent l'invention. The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention.

La figure 1 représente une vue arrière du dispositif selon 1 'inven-
tion.FIG. 1 represents a rear view of the device according to the invention.
tion.

La figure 2 représente une vue de gauche. Figure 2 shows a view on the left.

La figure 3 représente une vue de dessus de ce même dispositif,
couteaux écartés. FIG. 3 represents a top view of this same device,
knives apart.

En référence à ces dessins, le mécanisme comporte deux tiges ,de commande (-) situées de part et d'autre de la ligne à biner. With reference to these drawings, the mechanism comprises two rods, control (-) located on either side of the line to be hoeed.

Sur ces deux: tiges et à, leur base sont fixés des: couteaux à ro talion partielle comprise entre 1/4 et 1/8ème de tour et formant un angle avec le sol. On these two: stems and at, their base are fixed: knives with partial rotation between 1/4 and 1 / 8th of a turn and forming an angle with the ground.

Ces tiges sont maintenues verticales par quatre roulements à billes insérés dans des cages de maintien (7) qui solidarisent l'ensemble au bâti (4) à écartement variable afin de s'adapter à la cul turne en place. These rods are kept vertical by four ball bearings inserted in retaining cages (7) which secure the assembly to the frame (4) with variable spacing in order to adapt to the bottom turn in place.

Sur la partie haute de ces tiges de commande sont boulonnés deux leviers primaires (6) dont ltextrémité est pourvue d'un-trou oblong permettant le coulissement d'axes soudée s,u deux autres leviers (8) rassemblés et fixés en un point sur le bout de l'axe moteur. On the upper part of these control rods are bolted two primary levers (6) whose end is provided with an oblong hole allowing the sliding of welded axes, u two other levers (8) assembled and fixed at a point on the end of the motor shaft.

Deux leviers de maintien (9) fixés sur le bâti à l'une-de leur extrémité et sur le milieu du levier (8) complètent le mouvement de fermeture lors du retrait de l'ase moteur (3) le tout constituant une tringlerie à quatre axes permettant la transmission du mouvement venant de l'électro-aimant ou du piston double-effet aux tiges de commande des couteaux. Two holding levers (9) fixed on the frame at one of their ends and on the middle of the lever (8) complete the closing movement when the engine base is removed (3) all constituting a linkage to four axes allowing the transmission of movement from the electromagnet or the double-acting piston to the knife control rods.

qil est à noter que le même effet de fermeture est obtenu en pla- çant un dispositif moteur au bout de chaque levier primaire (6). It should be noted that the same closing effect is obtained by placing a motor device at the end of each primary lever (6).

Le dispositif moteur est mû soit par électricité, soit par air comprimé, soit par huile sous pression dont le sens d'action est commandé par une cellule photo-électrique, aidée par un relai et/ou une électro-vanne. The motor device is driven either by electricity, or by compressed air, or by pressurized oil whose direction of action is controlled by a photoelectric cell, assisted by a relay and / or an electro-valve.

Lorsque le flux n'est pas interrompu, les couteaux sont rappro- chés, voire croisés. Dès l'interruption du flux par la plante à pro téger, les couteaux repoussés par ressort ou piston double-effet s'écartent pour éviter la plante. When the flow is not interrupted, the knives are brought together, or even crossed. As soon as the flow is interrupted by the plant to be protected, the knives pushed back by spring or double-acting piston move aside to avoid the plant.

Chaque élément de travail sera indépendant et monté sur un parallélogramme déformable à l'avant et maintenu à hauteur constante par, une roue de terrage à l'arrière. Each working element will be independent and mounted on a deformable parallelogram at the front and kept at constant height by a depth wheel at the rear.

Pour le maintien des éléments de travail de part et d'autre du rang à biner, deux électro-tâteurs commandent des moyens mécaniques, montés sur un chassie mobile latéralement et assurent le déplacement latéral d'un sens ou de l'autre du rang par rapport au châssis fixe à l'aide d'un moteur électrique animant une vis sans fin. To maintain the working elements on either side of the row to be hoeed, two electro-feelers control mechanical means, mounted on a movable frame laterally and ensure lateral movement in one direction or the other of the row by compared to the fixed chassis using an electric motor driving a worm.

Un cache amovible retenu par la plante à protéger interrompra le flux lumineux afin de permettre l'ouverture des couteaux pendant un temps suffisant. A removable cover retained by the plant to be protected will interrupt the light flow to allow the knives to open for a sufficient time.

L'invention est susceptible d'être utilisée, et c'est là son objet, dans le désherbage mécanique des plantes semées et cultivées en ligne, tant en grande culture qu'en maraîchage ou autre. The invention is capable of being used, and this is its object, in the mechanical weeding of plants sown and cultivated in line, as well in field crops as in market gardening or other.

Claims

1) Hoeing machine for hoeing between plants of any crop characterized in that it comprises a pair of partially rotating knives (1) set in motion by motorized maneuvering means controlled by optical means (10> 'detection of plants installed in front of the knives.

This optical or electronic means (10) being arranged at a low height above the ground, adjusted according to the height of the vegetation and in front of the knives, so that the flow being cut off by the passage of a plane between transmitter and receiver ensures the spacing of the knives (1). These are crossed in the inter-plant space.

2) Hoeing machine according to claim 1 characterized in ink that the rotation of the knives (1) is between 1/4 and 1 / 8th of a turn.

3) Hoeing machine according to either of the claims and 2, characterized in that the motorized drive means are made by electromagnet (3) or double-acting piston, compressed air or oil (3).

4) inter-plant hoeing machine, according to claims 1, 2 and 3 charac terized in that two vertical rods (2) arranged on either side of the line carry knives and control their movement.

5) Device according to claims 1 and 3 characterized in this four-axis linkage (5) allows the transmission of movement from the electromagnet or the double-acting piston to the control rods of the knives (2).

6) Hoe according to claim 4 characterized in that the control rods of the knives are mounted on ball bearings held in cages (7) against descent supports with variable spacing, on each side of the row to be worked.

7) Hoeing machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hoeing mechanism is kept at constant height with respect to the soil to be hoeed, thanks to the use of a deformable parallelogram at the front and of a wheel. of soil at the back.

8) inter-plant hoeing machine according to claim 1 characterized in that the maintenance of the hoeing mechanism on either side of the row will be done using electro-taters controlling mechanical means mounted on a frame that can move laterally with respect to the fixed frame of the machine and this using motorized means ensuring the lateral displacement of said frame by a motor coupled to a worm.

9) -Dispositif- according to-claim 1 characterized in that a removable screen placed in front of the optical device and retained by the plant to be protected, will interrupt the light flux to allow the-opening of the knives for a sufficient time .