FR2614682A1 - Method and device for drying a body in which a proportion of the moisture to be extracted is held in closed cells - Google Patents

Method and device for drying a body in which a proportion of the moisture to be extracted is held in closed cells Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2614682A1
FR2614682A1 FR8706190A FR8706190A FR2614682A1 FR 2614682 A1 FR2614682 A1 FR 2614682A1 FR 8706190 A FR8706190 A FR 8706190A FR 8706190 A FR8706190 A FR 8706190A FR 2614682 A1 FR2614682 A1 FR 2614682A1
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France
Prior art keywords
enclosure
drying
partitioning
steam
heating
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
FR8706190A
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French (fr)
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to FR8706190A priority Critical patent/FR2614682A1/en
Publication of FR2614682A1 publication Critical patent/FR2614682A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers

Abstract

The method and the device according to the invention resort, in a drying cycle, to the introduction into the enclosure 1 of superheated steam through a duct 7 and a distribution pipe 5, whilst the enclosure is connected to a vacuum pump 13. Condensers 9, 10 may be situated within the enclosure.

Description

Le sechage d'un corps est généralement effectué par une ventiLation de ce corps par de l'air chaud. L'une des Limites de ce type de séchage est observée lorsque le corps à sécher est d'origine végétale, comme le bois par exemple. On sait en effet qu'une partie de L'humidité est retenue, dans ces corps, par des membranes celLuLosiques qu' il convient de rompre pour que L'échappement de L'eau puisse se produire
Augmenter ta température de L'air de ventiLation provoque souvent un durcissement de ces membranes qui s' oppose alors à une rupture spontanée ou qui conduit à une rupture beaucoup trop importante provoquant alors La création de fentes, le bois ayant "travaillé' trop vite.En outre, pour obtenir un degré determiné de siccité, la durée de la ventilation est souvent inportante, de L'ordre de plusieurs jours, ce qui conduit å une dépense d'énergie importante.
The drying of a body is generally carried out by ventilating this body with hot air. One of the limits of this type of drying is observed when the body to be dried is of vegetable origin, such as wood for example. We know that part of the moisture is retained in these bodies by celLuLosic membranes that must be broken so that the escape of water can occur.
Raising your ventilation air temperature often causes these membranes to harden, which then opposes spontaneous rupture or which leads to far too great a rupture, thus causing the creation of cracks, the wood having "worked" too quickly. In addition, to obtain a determined degree of dryness, the duration of ventilation is often important, of the order of several days, which leads to a significant expenditure of energy.

La présente invention entend améliorer le séchage des matériaux d'origine végétale'tel que le bois en proposant des mesures qui favorisent l'extraction de L'eau incluse dans des celLutes ou situées derrière des parois celtulosi- ques et/ou fibreuses. The present invention intends to improve the drying of materials of vegetable origin such as wood by proposing measures which favor the extraction of the water included in cells or situated behind celtulosic and / or fibrous walls.

Plus précisément, L'invention a pour objet un procédé de séchage d'un corps naturel dont une partie au moins de L'eau qu'iL contient est retenue par des membranes cellulosiques ou fibreuses qui comprend une phase consistant à pro céder,au cours du cycLe de séchage, au chauffage du corps moyen d'une vapeur d'eau surchauffée admise dans une enceinte sous vide contenant Le corps. More specifically, the subject of the invention is a method for drying a natural body of which at least part of the water which it contains is retained by cellulosic or fibrous membranes which comprises a phase consisting in carrying out, during drying cycle, heating the body by means of superheated water vapor admitted into a vacuum enclosure containing the body.

bans certains cas, la phase de chauffage à la vapeur est suivie par une phase de ventilation à l'air chaud. In some cases, the steam heating phase is followed by a hot air ventilation phase.

L'invention concerne également un dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre Le procédésusdit qui comporte une enceinte étanche reliée à une pompe à vide à l'intérieur de laquelle un cLoisonnement est disposé pour recevoir le-corps à dessècher et Le fLux de vapeur, le cloisonnement s'ouvrant sur le volume de L'enceinte étanche par une ouverture supé
rieure, tandis que des moyens de chauffage complémentaires sont prévus à L'extérieur dudit cloisonnement et à L'opposé de L'ouverture susdite.
The invention also relates to a device for implementing the said procedure which comprises a sealed enclosure connected to a vacuum pump inside which a partition is arranged to receive the body to be dried and the vapor flux, the partition s opening onto the volume of the sealed enclosure through a top opening
while additional heating means are provided outside of said partitioning and opposite the above-mentioned opening.

Dans un mode de réaLisation préféré, ce dispositif
comporte, à L'intérieur de Ladite enceinte, mais à l'exté- rieur du cloisonnement, des parois froides de condensation de
la vapeur.
In a preferred embodiment, this device
includes, inside said enclosure, but outside the partitioning, cold walls of condensation of
steam.

Il peut également être intéressant que le corps à traiter soit monté sur un support tournant à l'intérieur du cloisonnement de L'enceinte. It may also be advantageous for the body to be treated to be mounted on a rotating support inside the partitioning of the enclosure.

L'invention sera mieux comprise au cours de la description donnée ci-après à titre d'exemple purement indicatif et non limitatif, qui permettra d'en dégager les avantages et Les caractéristiques secondaires. The invention will be better understood during the description given below by way of purely indicative and nonlimiting example, which will make it possible to identify the advantages and the secondary characteristics.

Il sera fait référence au dessin annexé qui représente Dar une figure unique un dispositif schématique pour mettre en oeuvre Le procédé de L'invention. Reference will be made to the appended drawing which represents a single figure in Dar, a schematic device for implementing the method of the invention.

En se reportant à ce schéma, on voit une enceinte 1 fermée de manière étanche à ses deux extrémités au moyen d'au moins une porte par laquelle le produit à sécher peut être "enfourne". Referring to this diagram, we see an enclosure 1 closed in leaktight manner at its two ends by means of at least one door through which the product to be dried can be "put in the oven".

A l'intérieur de L'enceinte 1 est disposé un cloisonnement 2 qui permet de confiner le produit enfourné 3, ici une pile de bois, dans un espace ouvert en 4 dans L'ence,n te, mais isolé d'autres organes de l'appareil que comporte également l'enceinte. Inside enclosure 1 there is a partitioning 2 which makes it possible to confine the product in the oven 3, here a stack of wood, in a space open at 4 in L'ence, n te, but isolated from other organs of the device that also includes the enclosure.

Une rampe, ou tout autre dispositif convenable, 5 de distribution de La vapeur permet une arrivée de vapeur surchauffée à l'intérieur du cloisonnement 2, cette vapeur étant produite par une chaudière 6 et amenée à la rampe de distribution par une canalisation 7. A steam distribution ramp or any other suitable device 5 distributes superheated steam inside the partition 2, this steam being produced by a boiler 6 and brought to the distribution ramp by a pipe 7.

A L'extérieur du cloisonnement 2, mais toujours dans L'enceinte 1, on trouve une série de résistances électriques 8 qui permettent d'entretenir une certaine température dans L'enceinte. Ces resistances sont placées de préférence à L'opposé de L'ouverture 4 de manière à être relativement isolées du courant de vapeur. Outside the partition 2, but still in the enclosure 1, there is a series of electrical resistors 8 which make it possible to maintain a certain temperature in the enclosure. These resistors are preferably placed opposite the opening 4 so as to be relatively isolated from the vapor current.

Bien que leur présence soit facultative, des organes de condensation en plaque 9 ou sous forme de tubes ailetés 10 sont reliés à une centrale 11 de production de froid. Enfin, te volume intérieur de L'enceinte 1 est connecté au conduit d'aspiration 12 d'une pompe à vide 13 qui, dans te cas de figure est entraînée par un groupe moteur entraînant egalement la centrale de production de-froid. Although their presence is optional, condensing members in plate 9 or in the form of finned tubes 10 are connected to a central 11 for producing cold. Finally, the interior volume of the enclosure 1 is connected to the suction duct 12 of a vacuum pump 13 which, in the case shown, is driven by a motor unit also driving the cold production plant.

Le principe du séchage de L'invention est que ta vapeur vient chauffer et imprégner Le produit 3 dans une atmosphère sous vide et maintenue à température par Les résistances 8. The principle of the drying of the invention is that your steam comes to heat and impregnate the product 3 in an atmosphere under vacuum and maintained at temperature by the resistors 8.

Le degré de vide maintenu dans L'enceinte par La pompe à vide et la condensation forcée de La vapeur (l'encein- te 1 pourra à cet égard comporter des systèmes 14 d'évacuation des condensats), la chaleur et L'humidité,semblent être favorables à l'ouverture des cloisons végétales du produit derrière lesquelles L'eau est incluse, et à l'évacuation de cette eau qui se vaporise et est entraînée avec le reste de la vapeur. The degree of vacuum maintained in the enclosure by the vacuum pump and the forced condensation of steam (enclosure 1 may in this respect include systems 14 for evacuating condensates), the heat and the humidity, seem to be favorable to the opening of the vegetable partitions of the product behind which water is included, and to the evacuation of this water which vaporizes and is entrained with the rest of the vapor.

Le procédé selon L'invention permet de diviser par 4 ou 5 Le temps de cycle d'un séchage accéléré du bois notamment. Bien entendu, le cycle peut comporter avant et/ou après L'action de La vapeur, des phases classiques de ventiLation ou d'échauffement. The method according to the invention makes it possible to divide by 4 or 5 the cycle time of an accelerated drying of the wood in particular. Of course, the cycle may include before and / or after the action of the vapor, conventional ventilation or heating phases.

Selon la nature du produit à sécher, l'enceinte 1 ou L'espace intérieur au cloisonnement 2 peuvent comprendre des supports adaptés soit pour faire tourner le produit s'il se présente par exempte en pile, soit pour le remuer ou le brasser s'il se présente en vrac. Depending on the nature of the product to be dried, the enclosure 1 or the interior space in the partitioning 2 may include supports suitable either for rotating the product if it is present for example in a stack, or for stirring or brewing it. it comes in bulk.

L'invention trouve une application intéressante dans le domaine du séchage du bois ou des matières végétales.  The invention finds an interesting application in the field of drying wood or plant materials.

Claims (5)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Procédé de séchage d'un corps naturel dont une partie au moins de L'eau qu'il contiens est retenue par des membranes cellulosiques ou fibreuses, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une phase consistant à procéder, pendant le cycle du séchage, au chauffage du corps au moyen d'une vapeur d'eau surchauffée admise dans une enceinte sous vide contenant Le corps. 1. A method of drying a natural body at least part of the water it contains is retained by cellulosic or fibrous membranes, characterized in that it comprises a phase consisting in proceeding, during the drying cycle , to the heating of the body by means of a superheated water vapor admitted into a vacuum enclosure containing The body. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la phase de chauffage à la vapeur est suivie par une phase de ventilation à l'air.  2. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the steam heating phase is followed by an air ventilation phase. 3. Dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre Le procédé selon La revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une enceinte (1) étanche reliée à une pompe à vide (13) à l'inté- rieur de laquelle un cloisonnement (2) est disposé pour recevoir Le corps (3) à dessècher et le flux de vapeur distribué (5), le cloisonnement (2) s'ouvrant sur le volume de L'enceinte te étanche par une ouverture supérieure (4), tandis que des moyens de chauffage complémentaires (8) sont prévus à l'exté- rieur dudit cloisonnement et à L'opposé de L 'ouverture(4).  3. Device for implementing the method according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a sealed enclosure (1) connected to a vacuum pump (13) inside which a partition (2) is disposed to receive the body (3) to be dried and the flow of steam distributed (5), the partitioning (2) opening onto the volume of the enclosure is sealed by an upper opening (4), while heating means complementary (8) are provided outside said partitioning and opposite the opening (4). 4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, à l'intérieur de ladite enceinte mais à l'extérieur du cloisonnement, des parois froides (9, 10) de condensation de la vapeur. 4. Device according to claim 3 characterized in that it comprises, inside said enclosure but outside the partitioning, cold walls (9, 10) of steam condensation. 5. Dispositif selon la revendication'3 ou la revendication 4 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un organe de support du corps (3) à traiter susceptible d'entraîner en rotation ce dernier.  5. Device according to claim'3 or claim 4 characterized in that it comprises a body support member (3) to be treated likely to cause the latter to rotate.
FR8706190A 1987-04-30 1987-04-30 Method and device for drying a body in which a proportion of the moisture to be extracted is held in closed cells Pending FR2614682A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8706190A FR2614682A1 (en) 1987-04-30 1987-04-30 Method and device for drying a body in which a proportion of the moisture to be extracted is held in closed cells

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8706190A FR2614682A1 (en) 1987-04-30 1987-04-30 Method and device for drying a body in which a proportion of the moisture to be extracted is held in closed cells

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FR2614682A1 true FR2614682A1 (en) 1988-11-04

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0498961A1 (en) * 1991-02-15 1992-08-19 Josef Kronseder Apparatus for drying wood
EP1342969A2 (en) 1997-04-09 2003-09-10 MAFAC ERNST SCHWARZ GmbH & Co. KG Process and apparatus for drying workpieces
CN104764302A (en) * 2014-01-02 2015-07-08 台湾神户电池股份有限公司 Drying equipment of accumulator pole plate and method thereof

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE374362C (en) * 1919-09-13 1923-07-18 Paul H Mueller Dr Ing Method and device for drying with steam tension in negative pressure for wood, etc.
FR571508A (en) * 1923-10-05 1924-05-19 Method and apparatus for seasoning or drying wood in logs, boards or other forms
GB343981A (en) * 1928-11-29 1931-02-27 Friberg S Hoegvacuumpump Ab Improved method of drying wet materials
CH197048A (en) * 1937-08-17 1938-04-15 Josef Knecht Method for drying items to be dried and drying device for carrying out the method.
US2802281A (en) * 1955-01-27 1957-08-13 Charles F Stone Apparatus for seasoning green wood
US3279092A (en) * 1963-01-10 1966-10-18 Ct De Rech S De Pont A Mousson Autoclave
US3283412A (en) * 1964-09-09 1966-11-08 Frederick R Furth Process and apparatus for drying and treating lumber
US3921309A (en) * 1973-08-24 1975-11-25 Seiwa Kosan Ltd Method of drying lumber
FR2422915A1 (en) * 1978-04-13 1979-11-09 Pagnozzi Vincenzo PROCESS AND INSTALLATION USING A SUPERHEATED STEAM SYSTEM FOR DRYING SOLID WOOD
US4233752A (en) * 1979-04-06 1980-11-18 Kleinguenther Robert A Apparatus and process for treating wood and fibrous materials

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE374362C (en) * 1919-09-13 1923-07-18 Paul H Mueller Dr Ing Method and device for drying with steam tension in negative pressure for wood, etc.
FR571508A (en) * 1923-10-05 1924-05-19 Method and apparatus for seasoning or drying wood in logs, boards or other forms
GB343981A (en) * 1928-11-29 1931-02-27 Friberg S Hoegvacuumpump Ab Improved method of drying wet materials
CH197048A (en) * 1937-08-17 1938-04-15 Josef Knecht Method for drying items to be dried and drying device for carrying out the method.
US2802281A (en) * 1955-01-27 1957-08-13 Charles F Stone Apparatus for seasoning green wood
US3279092A (en) * 1963-01-10 1966-10-18 Ct De Rech S De Pont A Mousson Autoclave
US3283412A (en) * 1964-09-09 1966-11-08 Frederick R Furth Process and apparatus for drying and treating lumber
US3921309A (en) * 1973-08-24 1975-11-25 Seiwa Kosan Ltd Method of drying lumber
FR2422915A1 (en) * 1978-04-13 1979-11-09 Pagnozzi Vincenzo PROCESS AND INSTALLATION USING A SUPERHEATED STEAM SYSTEM FOR DRYING SOLID WOOD
US4233752A (en) * 1979-04-06 1980-11-18 Kleinguenther Robert A Apparatus and process for treating wood and fibrous materials

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0498961A1 (en) * 1991-02-15 1992-08-19 Josef Kronseder Apparatus for drying wood
EP1342969A2 (en) 1997-04-09 2003-09-10 MAFAC ERNST SCHWARZ GmbH & Co. KG Process and apparatus for drying workpieces
EP1342969A3 (en) * 1997-04-09 2006-06-07 MAFAC ERNST SCHWARZ GmbH & Co. KG Process and apparatus for drying workpieces
CN104764302A (en) * 2014-01-02 2015-07-08 台湾神户电池股份有限公司 Drying equipment of accumulator pole plate and method thereof

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