CH688217A5 - Efficient dryer for cylindrical hay bales and other plant products, comprising vacuum chamber and heating rods - Google Patents
Efficient dryer for cylindrical hay bales and other plant products, comprising vacuum chamber and heating rods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CH688217A5 CH688217A5 CH02307/94A CH230794A CH688217A5 CH 688217 A5 CH688217 A5 CH 688217A5 CH 02307/94 A CH02307/94 A CH 02307/94A CH 230794 A CH230794 A CH 230794A CH 688217 A5 CH688217 A5 CH 688217A5
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- bell
- drying
- heating rods
- products
- heating
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/04—Stacks, ricks or the like
- A01F25/08—Ventilating means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/12—Dehydration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
- F26B13/001—Drying and oxidising yarns, ribbons or the like
- F26B13/003—Drying and oxidising yarns, ribbons or the like in the shape of spools, coils, bobbins or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/10—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in the open air; in pans or tables in rooms; Drying stacks of loose material on floors which may be covered, e.g. by a roof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/14—Containers specially adapted for storing
- A01F2025/147—Containers specially adapted for storing the containers are specially adapted for storing or drying the products in vacuum
Abstract
Description
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CH 688 217 A5 CH 688 217 A5
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Description Description
Le séchage artificiel est devenu un outil indispensable pour garantir la qualité des produits végétaux de consommation, et pour éviter le risque de fermentation, de pourriture et d'incendie. C'est le cas plus particulièrement pour les fourrages et surtout le foin. La nécessité du séchage artificiel s'impose en raison de la mécanisation de la récolte, qui aboutit à l'obtention de bottes quadrangulaires ou cylindriques, ces dernières étant couramment appelées «balles rondes». La densité de ces bottes ou balles compactes rend le séchoir traditionnel totalement inefficace. Diverses machines sont apparues sur le marché, qui permettent le séchage de telles bottes par soufflage d'air chaud. Cependant, de telles machines ont une efficacité limitée, car le courant d'air chaud a du mal à pénétrer dans ces masses compactes. L'air ne pénètre pas, ou seulement après un temps trop long, dans les zones les plus humides qui sont également les plus serrées. Il faut donc des machines qui fournissent un nombre considérable de calories et qui consomment par conséquent une quantité excessive d'énergie. Artificial drying has become an essential tool to guarantee the quality of vegetable products for consumption, and to avoid the risk of fermentation, decay and fire. This is particularly the case for fodder and especially hay. The need for artificial drying is necessary due to the mechanization of the harvest, which results in the production of quadrangular or cylindrical boots, the latter being commonly called "round bales". The density of these compact boots or bales makes the traditional dryer completely ineffective. Various machines have appeared on the market, which allow the drying of such boots by blowing hot air. However, such machines have limited efficiency, since the flow of hot air has difficulty in penetrating these compact masses. The air does not enter, or only after too long a time, in the wettest areas which are also the tightest. We therefore need machines that supply a considerable number of calories and therefore consume an excessive amount of energy.
La présente invention vise à fournir un dispositif de séchage qui permette de sécher des produits de consommation végétaux, et notamment du foin en balles rondes ou quadrangulaires, de façon efficace et au prix d'une dépense d'énergie raisonnable. The present invention aims to provide a drying device which makes it possible to dry plant consumption products, and in particular hay in round or quadrangular bales, efficiently and at the cost of a reasonable energy expenditure.
L'invention est décrite dans les revendications. The invention is described in the claims.
Le dessin montre, à titre d'exemple, une forme d'exécution de l'invention. Il s'agit d'une vue en perspective cavalière d'un dispositif de séchage pour bottes de foin. The drawing shows, by way of example, an embodiment of the invention. This is a perspective view of a drying device for hay bales.
Le dispositif présente un carrousel 10, qui forme un anneau allongé portant plusieurs plateaux 6 sur lesquels on place les masses 2 de foin, sous forme de balles cylindriques. Une cloche 1, fixée à une armature 9, est placée sur un plateau et emprisonne une balle ronde qui est posée sur ce dernier. Un joint d'étanchéité 7, par exemple en caoutchouc, placé sur le bord de la cloche, assure l'étanchéité entre le plateau et la cloche lorsque celle-ci est en position basse. L'armature 9 porte non seulement la cloche, mais trois groupes de tiges chauffantes verticales 4. Ces tiges sont des tubes dans lesquels circule un fluide chauffé. L'un des groupes de tiges chauffantes est fixé dans la cloche 1. L'armature 9, qui porte la cloche et les trois groupes de tiges chauffantes, est elle-même soutenue par des moyens 5 qui permettent de soulever et d'abaisser cette armature, et avec elle la cloche et les tiges. Les moyens 5 d'abaisser et de soulever ces éléments comprennent ici un pilier 11 avec un crémaillère 12 sur laquelle vient s'engrener une roue dentée mue par un moteur électrique. Ces deux derniers éléments ne sont pas représentés ici. A la cloche est fixé un bloc qui comprend une pompe à vide, branchée sur un embout 3, et non représentée, et un condenseur 8. Un moteur électrique, non représenté ici, commande l'avance et l'immobilisation du carrousel. Il s'agit là d'un dispositif classique. The device has a carousel 10, which forms an elongated ring carrying several plates 6 on which the masses 2 of hay are placed, in the form of cylindrical bales. A bell 1, fixed to a frame 9, is placed on a plate and traps a round ball which is placed on the latter. A seal 7, for example rubber, placed on the edge of the bell, seals between the plate and the bell when the latter is in the low position. The frame 9 carries not only the bell, but three groups of vertical heating rods 4. These rods are tubes in which a heated fluid circulates. One of the groups of heating rods is fixed in the bell 1. The frame 9, which carries the bell and the three groups of heating rods, is itself supported by means 5 which make it possible to raise and lower this frame, and with it the bell and rods. The means 5 for lowering and lifting these elements here include a pillar 11 with a rack 12 on which is meshed with a toothed wheel driven by an electric motor. These last two elements are not shown here. To the bell is fixed a block which comprises a vacuum pump, connected to a nozzle 3, and not shown, and a condenser 8. An electric motor, not shown here, controls the advance and the immobilization of the carousel. This is a classic device.
Les balles rondes 2 sont posées sur les plateaux 6. La cloche 1 et les tiges chauffantes 4 sont alors en position haute. Une fois les balles rondes en place, l'armature 9, avec la cloche 1 et les tiges 4, est abaissée. Le bord de la cloche va se poser sur le joint d'étanchéité 7. Les tiges chauffantes verticales s'enfoncent dans les balles de foin placées sous elles: un groupe plonge dans une balle placée immédiatement avant, une deuxième s'introduit dans une balie placée immédiatement après, et le groupe central dans la balle placée sous la cloche. Un fluide chaud est envoyé dans les tubes formés par les tiges chauffantes et la chaleur se répand dans le foin par convection. La pompe à vide est mise ensuite en action et fait le vide dans la cloche. The round bales 2 are placed on the plates 6. The bell 1 and the heating rods 4 are then in the high position. Once the round bales in place, the frame 9, with the bell 1 and the rods 4, is lowered. The edge of the bell will rest on the seal 7. The vertical heating rods sink into the hay bales placed under them: a group plunges into a bale placed immediately before, a second enters a bale placed immediately after, and the center group in the ball placed under the bell. A hot fluid is sent into the tubes formed by the heating rods and the heat spreads through the hay by convection. The vacuum pump is then activated and creates a vacuum in the bell.
La baisse de pression provoque une évaporation accélérée de l'eau contenue dans le foin. L'air et la vapeur d'eau sont dirigés dans le condenseur 8, dans lequel une circulation d'eau dans des tuyaux 13 refroidit et condense les vapeurs d'eau. Des sondes de température, de pression et d'humidité reliées à un embout 14 permettent de contrôler les conditions qui régnent dans la cloche. Lorsque la température de la vapeur d'eau se rapproche de celle du liquide réfrigérant, c'est-à-dire de l'eau qui circule dans le condenseur, le cycle se termine. Une vanne est alors ouverte et permet à l'air de remplir à nouveau la cloche 1, la remettant ainsi à la pression athmosphérique. Le condensât est vidé grâce à une vanne. La cloche se relève et avec elle les tiges chauffantes. Le carrousel est alors mis en marche et s'indexe de façon à placer la charge suivante, déjà préchauffée lors du cycle précédent, sous la cloche. Le cycle recommence ensuite. The drop in pressure causes an accelerated evaporation of the water contained in the hay. Air and water vapor are directed into the condenser 8, in which a circulation of water in pipes 13 cools and condenses the water vapors. Temperature, pressure and humidity probes connected to a nozzle 14 make it possible to control the conditions prevailing in the bell. When the temperature of the water vapor approaches that of the coolant, i.e. the water flowing in the condenser, the cycle ends. A valve is then opened and allows the air to fill the bell 1 again, thus bringing it back to the atmospheric pressure. The condensate is emptied through a valve. The bell rises and with it the heating rods. The carousel is then started and indexed so as to place the next load, already preheated during the previous cycle, under the bell. The cycle then begins again.
Il est à noter que les éléments de chauffage ne sont pas nécessairement indispensables. Ils sont utiles comme appoint, pour compenser la perte de température résultant de l'évaporation. Dans des conditions favorables, il est possible de se passer de ces éléments. It should be noted that the heating elements are not necessarily essential. They are useful as make-up, to compensate for the loss of temperature resulting from evaporation. Under favorable conditions, it is possible to do without these elements.
Les tiges chauffantes peuvent être chauffées par un fluide chaud, comme décrit ci-dessus, ou au moyen d'un système électrique. Les tiges chauffantes sont verticales dans la forme d'exécution préférée représentée ici. Toutefois, elles pourraient être obliques ou horizontales. De même, la cloche pourrait aussi, au lieu de s'abaisser et de s'élever verticalement, se déplacer selon une autre direction. The heating rods can be heated by a hot fluid, as described above, or by means of an electrical system. The heating rods are vertical in the preferred embodiment shown here. However, they could be oblique or horizontal. Similarly, the bell could also, instead of lowering and raising vertically, move in another direction.
Il va de soi que les moyens 5 d'abaisser et de soulever la cloche et les éléments qui en sont solidaires peuvent être mus par n'importe quel type de moteur, même si le moteur électrique est probablement le mieux adapté. Il en va de même du moteur qui commande l'avance et l'immobilisation du carrousel: ce moteur pourrait fort bien être, par exemple, un moteur diesel, ou tout autre genre de moteur. It goes without saying that the means 5 for lowering and lifting the bell and the elements which are integral therewith can be moved by any type of motor, even if the electric motor is probably the most suitable. The same applies to the engine which controls the advance and the immobilization of the carousel: this engine could very well be, for example, a diesel engine, or any other kind of engine.
De même, le dispositif à roue dentée et crémaillère permettant d'élever ou d'abaisser la cloche et les éléments qui en sont solidaires peut fort bien être remplacé par d'autre moyens, par exemple, par des vérins hydrauliques ou pneumatiques. Similarly, the gear and rack device for raising or lowering the bell and the elements which are integral with it can very well be replaced by other means, for example, by hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders.
Il n'est pas indispensable que le carrousel soit équipé de plusieurs plateaux mobiles. Un seul plateau fixe peut suffire, placé sous la cloche. Dans ce It is not essential that the carousel be equipped with several mobile trays. A single fixed plate may suffice, placed under the bell. In this
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CH 688 217 A5 CH 688 217 A5
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cas, le déplacement des bottes de foin peut se faire sous la poussée de bras, ou même manuellement, ou par tout autre moyen mécanique. In this case, the movement of hay bales can be done under the push of arms, or even manually, or by any other mechanical means.
De préférence, le processus est commandé automatiquement, notamment en fonction des mesures faites par les sondes de température, de pression et d'humidité dont est pourvue la cloche. Cependant, toute ou partie des opérations peuvent être assurées manuellement. Preferably, the process is controlled automatically, in particular as a function of the measurements made by the temperature, pressure and humidity probes with which the bell is provided. However, all or part of the operations can be carried out manually.
L'évaporation sous vide économise des quantités considérables d'énergie. Evaporation under vacuum saves considerable amounts of energy.
Si ce dispositif peut être appliqué de préférence aux bottes de foin, rien n'empêche de l'utiliser aussi pour d'autres végétaux consommables, comme les grains, le maïs, le tabac, ou encore les fruits. If this device can be applied preferably to bales of hay, there is nothing to prevent its use also for other edible plants, such as grains, corn, tobacco, or even fruits.
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH02307/94A CH688217A5 (en) | 1994-07-21 | 1994-07-21 | Efficient dryer for cylindrical hay bales and other plant products, comprising vacuum chamber and heating rods |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH02307/94A CH688217A5 (en) | 1994-07-21 | 1994-07-21 | Efficient dryer for cylindrical hay bales and other plant products, comprising vacuum chamber and heating rods |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CH688217A5 true CH688217A5 (en) | 1997-06-30 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH02307/94A CH688217A5 (en) | 1994-07-21 | 1994-07-21 | Efficient dryer for cylindrical hay bales and other plant products, comprising vacuum chamber and heating rods |
Country Status (1)
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CH (1) | CH688217A5 (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1057400A3 (en) * | 1999-06-03 | 2001-05-09 | Adriano Martinelli | Device for drying foodstuffs, particularly round bales of hay |
EP1231442A2 (en) * | 2001-02-09 | 2002-08-14 | Beltrame, Giovanni | Drying process, apparatus and plant for conditioned products such as fodder bales |
WO2003004953A1 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2003-01-16 | Maguire Products, Inc. | Vacuum dryer |
WO2011026493A3 (en) * | 2009-09-06 | 2011-06-03 | Teddy Nielsen | Automatic drying machine for drying of objects especially bales of pressed harvested material |
US8141270B2 (en) | 2009-08-13 | 2012-03-27 | Maguire Products, Inc. | Gas flow rate determination method and apparatus and granular material dryer and method for control thereof |
USRE45501E1 (en) | 1997-09-19 | 2015-05-05 | Stephen B. Maguire | Low pressure dryer |
CN107139301A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-09-08 | 湖北凯利板业有限公司 | A kind of stalk composite board straw powder material production line |
CN107202473A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-26 | 苏州市晨彩纺织研发有限公司 | A kind of spindle dewaterer |
ITUA20163916A1 (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-11-30 | Sergio Daniel Maichen | PLANT AND DRYING METHOD FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS FOR ANIMAL FEEDING |
US10539366B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2020-01-21 | Stephen B. Maguire | Method and apparatus for vacuum drying granular resin material |
US11203133B2 (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2021-12-21 | Novatec, Inc. | Method and apparatus for polymer drying using inert gas |
US11364657B2 (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2022-06-21 | Novatec, Inc. | Reducing moisture in granular resin material using inert gas |
-
1994
- 1994-07-21 CH CH02307/94A patent/CH688217A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE45501E1 (en) | 1997-09-19 | 2015-05-05 | Stephen B. Maguire | Low pressure dryer |
EP1057400A3 (en) * | 1999-06-03 | 2001-05-09 | Adriano Martinelli | Device for drying foodstuffs, particularly round bales of hay |
US8776392B2 (en) | 2000-06-16 | 2014-07-15 | Stephen B. Maguire | Resin drying method and apparatus |
EP1231442A2 (en) * | 2001-02-09 | 2002-08-14 | Beltrame, Giovanni | Drying process, apparatus and plant for conditioned products such as fodder bales |
FR2820814A1 (en) * | 2001-02-09 | 2002-08-16 | Giovanni Beltrame | METHOD, DEVICE AND INSTALLATION FOR DESICCATION OF PACKAGED PRODUCTS SUCH AS FORAGE BALLS |
EP1231442A3 (en) * | 2001-02-09 | 2003-02-12 | Giovanni Beltrame | Drying process, apparatus and plant for conditioned products such as fodder bales |
WO2003004953A1 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2003-01-16 | Maguire Products, Inc. | Vacuum dryer |
US8141270B2 (en) | 2009-08-13 | 2012-03-27 | Maguire Products, Inc. | Gas flow rate determination method and apparatus and granular material dryer and method for control thereof |
WO2011026493A3 (en) * | 2009-09-06 | 2011-06-03 | Teddy Nielsen | Automatic drying machine for drying of objects especially bales of pressed harvested material |
US10539366B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2020-01-21 | Stephen B. Maguire | Method and apparatus for vacuum drying granular resin material |
ITUA20163916A1 (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-11-30 | Sergio Daniel Maichen | PLANT AND DRYING METHOD FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS FOR ANIMAL FEEDING |
CN107202473A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-26 | 苏州市晨彩纺织研发有限公司 | A kind of spindle dewaterer |
CN107139301A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-09-08 | 湖北凯利板业有限公司 | A kind of stalk composite board straw powder material production line |
US11203133B2 (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2021-12-21 | Novatec, Inc. | Method and apparatus for polymer drying using inert gas |
US11364657B2 (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2022-06-21 | Novatec, Inc. | Reducing moisture in granular resin material using inert gas |
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