JPH06299163A - Carbonization device equipped with pyroligneous acid-extracting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a carbonization device equipped with a pyroligneous acid extraction device having a simple structure and occupying a small area and capable of extracting a pyroligneous acid solution in high efficiency. CONSTITUTION:A carbonization device 50 equipped with a pyroligneous acid extraction device 1 for carbonizing a raw material containing the pyroligneous acid ingredient and subsequently extracting the pyroligneous acid from the generated smoke is characterized by having a feeding means 2 for feeding the raw material, a transferring means 4 for successively transferring the raw material fed from the feeding means 2 into a heating cylinder 3, the first cooling means 5 disposed on the raw material- receiving side of the heating cylinder 3 and used for cooling the raw material, a heating means 6 disposed on the raw material-discharging side of the heating cylinder 3 and used for gradually heating and carbonizing the raw material during its transfer, a smoke-exhausting means 7 disposed at the discharging side end of the heating cylinder 3 and used for exhausting a smoke generated from the raw material, and the second cooking means 8a attached to the smoke-exhausting means 7 and used for cooling the smoke and extracting the pyroligneous acid solution. The device having the structure enables to extract the pyroligneous acid solution from the raw material in high efficiency, although being simple and small.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a smoked charcoal device equipped with a wood vinegar extraction device for extracting wood vinegar by carbonizing a raw material containing wood vinegar components and cooling smoke generated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Wood vinegar is extracted by using a raw material such as rice husks and wood chips, and carbonizing the raw material to cool the generated smoke.

It has been reported that this wood vinegar has many effects when used as various attachment liquids in agriculture, horticulture and the like. For example, when the extracted wood vinegar is sprayed on apple trees in an orchard, the wood vinegar exerts an antibacterial ability to lose the action of ice nuclei-activating bacteria, prevents frost from forming, and prevents frost wilting.

If chicken vinegar is supplemented with wood vinegar, the egg yolk becomes thicker and feed efficiency improves. Furthermore, when a wood vinegar is used as a fertilizer in rose cultivation, it is possible to prevent disease and promote rose growth.

[0005] Conventionally, in order to extract such a wood vinegar, it is extracted as a by-product of charcoal burning, or the smoke produced by carbonizing rice husks piled up in a field is led to a water tank by a chimney, and smoke is added to the water. It is practiced to dissolve and gradually extract wood vinegar.

[0006]

However, in the conventional means for extracting the wood vinegar solution, the rice husks, which are the raw material, are carbonized in a state of being piled up in the fields, and the smoke generated by the carbonization is stored in the aquarium by a long chimney. Since it is guided, it requires a large space and is inefficient,
There is a problem that smoke may be emitted to the surroundings unnecessarily.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems and has a simple structure and a small occupied area.
An object of the present invention is to provide a smoked charcoal device equipped with a wood vinegar extraction device capable of extracting wood vinegar liquid with high efficiency.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a smoldering apparatus equipped with a wood vinegar extractor for carbonizing a raw material to treat smoke generated to extract wood vinegar, A supply means for supplying the raw material, a transfer means for sequentially transferring the raw material supplied from the supply means in the heating cylinder, and a first cooling means provided on the raw material receiving side of the heating cylinder for cooling the raw material, Heating means provided on the raw material discharge side of the heating cylinder for gradually heating and carbonizing the raw material during transfer, and smoke generated from the raw material while dropping the carbonized raw material provided on the discharge side end of the heating cylinder. And a second cooling means for cooling the smoke attached to the smoke exhausting means and extracting the wood vinegar solution.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the transfer means comprises:
The screw is provided with spiral blades arranged over the entire heating cylinder and having a pitch increasing from the raw material receiving side to the raw material discharging side.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the smoke exhausting means is
The main smoke exhaust pipe is installed vertically at the discharge side end of the heating cylinder, and a pair of auxiliary smoke exhaust pipes having a smoke exhaust port that is branched from the upper end of the main smoke exhaust pipe and is directed vertically downward. A second cooling means is attached to each of the smoke tubes.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a tar removal tube having a bypass wall for bypassing the smoke generated from the carbonized raw material is arranged in the main smoke exhaust tube of the smoke exhausting means, The tar content of the smoke hitting the bypass wall is attached to the bypass wall, and the smoke from which the tar content is removed is sent to the second cooling means.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the tar-removing cylinder is an introducing cylinder having an upper opening for introducing smoke generated from a carbonized raw material, and a lid plate detachably formed in the opening of the introducing cylinder. And a lid body composed of a flat detour wall that faces the inside of the introduction cylinder while being supported by a plurality of columns that project from the lid plate.

[0013]

The operation of the smoldering apparatus equipped with the wood vinegar extracting apparatus according to claim 1 will be described below.

The raw material supplied from the supply means to the transfer means is sequentially transferred in the heating cylinder by the transfer means. During this transfer, the raw material in the heating cylinder is gradually heated and carbonized by the heating means, but since the first cooling means for cooling the raw material is provided on the raw material receiving side of the heating cylinder, the heating means described above is provided. A temperature gradient is generated between the raw material receiving side of the heating cylinder and the raw material discharging side in the heating step of the raw material, which causes the gas component having a low boiling point from the raw material generated in the heating step of the raw material to the raw material receiving side of the heating cylinder. Thus, it is possible to prevent dew condensation of the gas component at the inner peripheral portion of the heating cylinder on the raw material receiving side.

The raw material in the heating cylinder is gradually heated by the heating means and carbonized, and eventually reaches the smoke exhausting means, the carbonized raw material drops downward, and the smoke generated by the carbonization of the raw material is exhausted. Exhausted by smoke means. The second cooling means cools the smoke exhausted by the smoke exhausting means. This allows
It is possible to extract wood vinegar with high efficiency from the end of the smoke exhausting means.

According to the smoked charcoal apparatus having the wood vinegar extraction apparatus of the second aspect, the pitch becomes larger from the raw material receiving side where the transfer means is arranged throughout the heating cylinder to the raw material discharging side. Since the screw having the spiral blade is provided, the transfer capacity for one rotation of the screw increases toward the raw material discharge side, whereby the gas component generated from the raw material that is gradually heated and carbonized by the heating means and expands in volume is generated. The material can be easily removed, clogging of the raw material can be prevented, and the raw material can be smoothly transferred to the smoke exhausting means.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a smoldering device comprising a wood vinegar extracting device, wherein the smoke exhausting means is provided in a vertical arrangement at the discharge side end of the heating cylinder, and the main smoke exhausting cylinder. It is composed of a pair of auxiliary smoke exhaust pipes that branch from the upper end of the exhaust pipe and have smoke exhaust ports directed vertically downward, and each auxiliary smoke exhaust pipe is equipped with a second cooling means. The second that smoothly separates the liquefied gas component from the smoke and that is attached to each of the pair of auxiliary smoke exhaust tubes
The wood vinegar solution can be extracted with high efficiency by the cooling action of the cooling means.

According to the smoldering device equipped with the wood vinegar extracting device of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the main exhaust pipe of the smoke exhausting means is provided with a bypass wall for bypassing this smoke in the flow path of the smoke generated from the carbonized raw material. Since the provided tar removal cylinder is arranged, the tar content of the smoke hitting the bypass wall is attached to the bypass wall, and the smoke from which the tar content is removed is sent to the second cooling means. The tar component of the smoke is removed by the bypass wall, and the smoke from which the tar component is removed can be sent to the second cooling unit, and the cooling action of the second cooling unit enables the wood vinegar liquid to be more efficiently produced. Can be extracted.

According to the smoldering apparatus equipped with the wood vinegar extracting apparatus according to the fifth aspect, the tar-removing cylinder has an introducing cylinder having an upper opening for introducing the smoke generated from the carbonized raw material, and the introducing cylinder. The detour wall is provided with a lid body that is detachably formed in the opening and a flat detour wall that faces the inside of the introducing cylinder while being supported by a plurality of columns that project from the lid plate. When a large amount of tar is attached to the above, it is possible to expose the detour wall and further the inner wall of the introducing cylinder by removing the lid from the introducing cylinder, which makes it extremely easy to clean the detour wall and the inner wall of the introducing cylinder. Become.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

A smoldering device 50 equipped with the wood vinegar extracting device 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a hopper-like device that contains rice husk (or sawdust, wood chips, etc.) as a raw material and supplies it downward from the lower end side. A feeding means 2 and a screw-type feeding means 4 for sequentially feeding the rice husks fed from the feeding means 2 in the direction of an arrow in FIG.
A first cooling means 5 for cooling the rice husks provided on the rice husk receiving side of the heating cylinder 3, that is, near the connecting portion between the supply means 2 and the heating cylinder 3, and a rice husk of the heating cylinder 3. A substantially cylindrical heating means 6 provided on the discharge side for gradually heating and carbonizing the rice husk during transfer, and a carbonized rice husk provided on the discharge side end of the heating cylinder 3 while dropping the rice husk. Smoke exhausting means 7 having a tapered portion 7a for exhausting smoke generated from the exhaust gas, and a second cooling means 8a having two components for cooling the smoke attached to the smoke exhausting means 7 and extracting the wood vinegar solution. , 8b.

The smoldering apparatus 50 includes a frame body 11 in which a horizontal frame portion 11a, a vertical frame portion 11b, and an inclined frame portion 11c are combined.
A base frame 1 for supporting the heating cylinder 3 and the screw 12 of the transfer means 4 in a horizontal arrangement with respect to the vertical frame portion 11b.
3 is attached, and a drive motor 14 which constitutes the transfer means 4 is arranged below the base frame 13, and the screw 1
The transmission belt 17 is stretched between the driven pulley 15 attached to the base portion 12a of the second drive unit 12 and the driving pulley 16 attached to the driving shaft of the driving motor 14, and the screw 12 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 14. By the supply means 2
The rice husks supplied from the inside are transferred in the heating cylinder 3 in the arrow direction shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 7, the screw 12 has a small pitch P1 on the rice husk receiving side and a pitch P2 on the rice husk discharging side arranged all over the heating cylinder 3.
Is equipped with a large spiral blade 12b. The change from the pitch P1 to the pitch P2 is continuous.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first cooling means 5 is provided with a pair of semi-cylindrical members 21, 22 whose inner circumferences are joined to the outer circumference of the heating cylinder 3 so as to face each other. There is.

As shown in FIG. 4, one of the semi-cylindrical members 21 has an upper pipe 23a near its upper end and at its left end.
The lower pipe 23 near the lower end and from the right end.
b are respectively provided to project in the vertical direction, and a water flow path is formed from the upper pipe 23a to the lower pipe 23b through the flow path formed in the semi-cylindrical member 21 in a meandering state.

On the other half-cylindrical member 22, an upper pipe 24a is provided in the vicinity of its upper end in the vertical direction from the right end in FIG. 4, and a lower pipe 24b is provided in the vicinity of its lower end from the left end in the vertical direction. From the upper pipe 24a to the semi-cylindrical member 2
A flow path of water reaching the lower pipe 24b is formed through a flow path formed in a meandering state in 2 to the lower pipe 24b.

Then, the pair of semi-cylindrical members 21 and 22.
Of the tightening bands 25a and 25b, which are arranged so as to face each other so that their inner circumferences are joined to the outer circumference of the heating cylinder 3 and are stretched around the outer circumferences of the pair of semi-cylindrical members 21 and 22, respectively. The pair of semi-cylindrical members 21 and 22 are fixed to the outer circumference of the heating cylinder 3 by tightening with the bolts 26.

The first cooling means 5 is connected to a cooling water supply source and drainage means (not shown).

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the heating means 6 is provided with a pair of semi-cylindrical heating members 31, 32 whose inner circumferences are joined to the outer circumference of the heating cylinder 3 so as to face each other.

One half-cylindrical heating member 31 is provided with an upper flange 31a and a lower flange 31b, and terminals 33a and 33b are attached near both ends thereof, and
Inside the semi-cylindrical heating member 31, the terminals 33a to 33b
The heater wire 35 is arranged in a meandering arrangement.

Further, one half-cylindrical heating member 32 is provided with an upper flange 32a and a lower flange 32b, terminals 34a and 34b are attached near both ends thereof, and one terminal is provided inside the half-cylindrical heating member 32. The heater wire 35 is arranged in a meandering pattern from the other terminal 34b to the other terminal 34b.

Then, as shown in FIG. 6, a pair of semi-cylindrical heating members 31, 32 are arranged to face the outer circumference of the heating cylinder 3, and upper flanges 31a, 32a and lower flange 31 are arranged.
The pair of semi-cylindrical heating members 31, 3 are formed by using bolts 36, coil springs 37, and nuts 38 that penetrate through
2 is fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of the heating cylinder 3.

Each heater wire 35 is adapted to generate heat by the power supplied from the power source 51 to each terminal 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the smoke exhausting means 7 includes a main smoke exhausting tube 7b having a taper portion 7a on the upper side, which is vertically attached to the discharge side end of the heating tube 3, and a main smoke exhausting tube 7b. The main smoke exhaust tube 7b is provided with a pair of auxiliary smoke exhaust tubes 42a and 42b each connected to a T-shaped branch pipe 41 attached to the upper end of the main smoke exhaust tube 7b and having a smoke exhaust port directed vertically downward.

A pair of second cooling means 8a, 8 shown in each of the auxiliary smoke exhaust tubes 42a, 42b in an enlarged manner in FIGS.
b is attached.

The second cooling means 8a has a cylindrical main body 44.
Is provided on the upper end side of the main body 44.
An upper lid 46 having a fitting cylinder 45 that fits in is closely arranged, and a lower lid 48 having a wood vinegar extraction cylinder 47 is closely arranged at the lower end side of the main body 44.

Although not shown, a cock may be attached to the extraction cylinder 47.

Inside the main body 44, for example, a total of 61 small-diameter pipes 49 are arranged over the entire length thereof, and the small-diameter pipes 49 are mounted around the small-diameter pipes 49 mounted on the upper part of the main body 44. After that, water is circulated from a water absorption source (not shown) to the drain pipe portion 43 attached to the lower portion of the main body 44 to cool the smoke passing through the inside of each small diameter pipe 49.

The smoke from the auxiliary smoke exhaust 42a is
From the inside of the upper lid 46, through each small-diameter pipe 49, to the lower lid 48, a wood vinegar solution is discharged from the extraction cylinder 47. In FIGS. 8 and 9, 54 is a gas vent pipe.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a tar-removing cylinder 58 is arranged above the taper portion 7a of the main smoke exhausting tube 7b of the smoke exhausting means 7.

The tar-removing cylinder 58 is a cylindrical introduction cylinder 63 having an open upper portion for introducing smoke generated from carbonized raw materials, and FIG. 13 and FIG. A flat and disk-shaped detour wall 6 facing the inside of the introduction cylinder 63 while being supported by a disk-shaped cover plate 64 as shown in FIG. 14 and four columns 65 protruding from the cover plate 64.
6 and a lid 67.

In FIGS. 11 and 12, 63a is a lower connecting cylinder, and in FIGS. 11, 13 and 14, 64a is an upper connecting cylinder.

Next, the operation of the smoked charcoal apparatus 50 equipped with the above-structured wood vinegar extraction apparatus 1 will be described mainly with respect to the operation of the wood vinegar extraction apparatus 1.

The rice husk as a raw material supplied from the supply means 2 to the rice husk receiving side of the heating cylinder 3 is sequentially transferred in the heating cylinder 3 in the direction of arrow 7 by the rotation of the screw of the transfer means 4.

During such transfer, the rice husks in the heating cylinder 3 are gradually heated to about 400 degrees Celsius and carbonized by the heat generated by the heater wire 35 of the heating means 6, but the rice husks in the heating cylinder 3 are heated. Since the first cooling means 5 is provided on the receiving side, a temperature gradient is generated between the rice husk receiving side and the rice husk discharging side of the heating cylinder 3 in the stage of heating the rice husks by the heating means 6 described above, which causes The gas component having a low boiling point generated from the rice husks in the heating stage of the rice husks is cooled on the rice husk receiving side of the heating cylinder 3. As a result, it is possible to prevent dew condensation of the gas component on the inner peripheral portion of the heating cylinder 3 on the rice husk receiving side.

Further, since the transfer means 4 has the screw 12 provided with the spiral blades 12b whose pitch increases from the rice husk receiving side arranged throughout the heating cylinder 3 to the rice husk discharging side, The transfer capacity for one rotation of the screw 12 increases toward the rice husk discharge side, whereby the gas component generated from the rice husk, which is gradually heated and carbonized by the heating means 6 and expands in volume, easily escapes. It is possible to prevent clogging of rice husks and smoke exhausting means 7
Can be smoothly transferred to.

The rice husks in the heating cylinder 3 are gradually heated by the heating means 6 and carbonized, and eventually reach the smoke exhausting means 7, where the carbonized rice husks drop downward, and along with the carbonization of the rice husks. The generated smoke enters the tar-removing cylinder 58 with convection in the tapered portion 7a of the main smoke-removing cylinder 7b of the smoke-exhausting means 7, and in the tar-removing cylinder 58, an imaginary line is shown in FIG. As shown, the bypass pipe 66 is diverted to the auxiliary smoke exhaust pipes 42a and 42b from the space between the columns 65 to the auxiliary smoke exhaust pipes 42a and 42b, and the second cooling means 8a and 8b. Leading to.

At this time, since the tar portion of the smoke hitting the bypass wall 66 almost adheres to the lower surface of the bypass wall 66, the tar portion of the smoke sent to the second cooling means 8a, 8b is almost removed. As a result, the wood vinegar solution can be extracted with higher efficiency by the cooling action of the second cooling means 8a, 8b.

Further, when a large amount of tar is attached to the detour wall 66, the detour wall 66 can be exposed as shown in FIG. 13 by removing the lid 67 from the introduction cylinder 63, whereby the detour wall 66 can be exposed. Cleaning 66 is very easy. Further, by removing the lid 67, the inner wall of the introducing cylinder 63 can be exposed, and thus the cleaning of the inner wall of the introducing cylinder 63 becomes extremely easy.

In the case of the device 1 of the present embodiment, 500 cc (or more) of wood vinegar can be obtained from 2000 g of rice husks, and it was proved that the efficiency was very high.

The present invention can be variously modified within the scope of the gist other than the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0052]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the following effects can be obtained.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since it has the above-mentioned constitution, the smoked charcoal device equipped with the wood vinegar extraction device capable of extracting the wood vinegar liquid from the raw material with high efficiency while being simple and compact. Can be provided.

According to the second aspect of the invention, since the screw of the transfer means has the above-mentioned structure, the gas components can easily escape and the clogging of the raw material can be prevented, and the raw material can be smoothly transferred to the smoke exhausting means. It is possible to provide a smoldering device equipped with a wood vinegar extraction device that can be used.

According to the third aspect of the invention, a wood vinegar extraction device is provided which can smoothly separate carbonized raw materials and gas components liquefied by convection from smoke, and can extract wood vinegar with high efficiency. A smoldering device can be provided.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the detour wall of the tar removal cylinder removes the tar content of the smoke and the smoke can be sent to the second cooling means. It is possible to provide a smoked charcoal device equipped with a wood vinegar extraction device capable of extracting wood vinegar liquid.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when a large amount of tar is attached to the detour wall, the detour wall and further the inner wall of the introduction cylinder can be exposed by removing the lid from the introduction cylinder. As a result, it is possible to provide a smoldering device equipped with a wood vinegar extraction device in which the detour wall and the inner wall of the introduction cylinder are extremely easily cleaned.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the cooling means in the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the cooling means in the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the heating means in the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the heating means in the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a screw in an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the second cooling means in the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the second cooling means in the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a tar-removing cylinder in an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a bottom view showing a tar removal cylinder in an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a front view of a lid body that constitutes a tar removal cylinder in an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a bottom view of the lid body that constitutes the tar removal cylinder in the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Wood Vinegar Extractor 2 Supply Means 3 Heating Cylinder 4 Transfer Means 5 First Cooling Means 6 Heating Means 7 Smoke Evacuation Means 8a, 8b Second Cooling Means 12 Screws 58 Tar Removal Cylinders 63 Introducing Cylinders 66 Detour Walls 67 Covers

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A smoldering apparatus equipped with a wood vinegar extraction device for carbonizing a raw material to treat smoke generated thereby to extract wood vinegar, in which a supply means for supplying the raw material and a raw material supplied from the supply means are sequentially heated. Transfer means for transferring in the cylinder, first cooling means for cooling the raw material provided on the raw material receiving side of the heating cylinder, and gradually heating the raw material being transferred provided for the raw material discharging side of the heating cylinder. Heating means for carbonizing, a smoke exhausting means for exhausting smoke generated from the carbonized raw material provided at the discharge side end of the heating cylinder and cooling the smoke attached to the smoke exhausting means And a second cooling means for extracting the wood vinegar solution. 2. The transfer means comprises a screw provided with spiral blades arranged over the entire heating cylinder and having a pitch increasing from a raw material receiving side to a raw material discharging side. A smoked charcoal device equipped with a wood vinegar extraction device. 3. The pair of smoke exhausting means has a main smoke exhausting tube mounted vertically on the exhaust side end of the heating cylinder, and a smoke exhausting port branched downward from the upper end of the main smoke exhausting tube. 3. The smoldering apparatus equipped with the wood vinegar extraction device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the auxiliary smoke exhaust pipe is provided, and each auxiliary smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a second cooling means. 4. A tar removal pipe having a bypass wall for bypassing the smoke generated from carbonized raw material is arranged in the main smoke exhaust pipe of the smoke exhaust means, and the smoke hitting the bypass wall is disposed. 4. The smoked charcoal device provided with the wood vinegar extraction device according to claim 1, wherein the tar component of No. 1 is attached to the bypass wall and the smoke from which the tar component is removed is sent to the second cooling means. 5. The tar-removing cylinder is an introduction cylinder that is opened at an upper side for introducing smoke generated from carbonized raw materials, a lid plate detachably formed in the opening of the introduction cylinder, and a protrusion from the lid plate. The lid | cover body which consists of a flat detouring wall which faces the inside of the said introduction cylinder, while being supported by the provided several support | pillar, The smoked charcoal apparatus provided with the wood vinegar extraction apparatus of Claim 4.