FR2609475A1 - CARDING MACHINE, ESPECIALLY MINERAL WOOL FIBERS, COMPRISING A HOPPER PROVIDED WITH A ROTARY CARDING AND FIBER CUTTING ORGAN - Google Patents

Abstract

THE PRESENT INVENTION RELATES TO A MACHINE FOR CARDING FIBERS, IN PARTICULAR MINERAL WOOL FIBERS. THIS MACHINE INCLUDES A FIBER HOPPER 2 PROVIDED WITH A ROTARY FEEDING SYSTEM 4, SUCH AS A SCREW, MU IN A FIRST DIRECTION OF ROTATION, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT IT INCLUDES A CARDAGE UNIT 10 PROVIDED IN HOPPER 2 , IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF ITS OPENING 6, ARRANGED COAXIALLY WITH THE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM 4 AND TURNING IN THE REVERSE DIRECTION THEREOF. THE FIBERS THUS CARDED CAN BE THEN TAKEN UP BY AN AUXILIARY CARDING DEVICE 42 THEN THEN BY A ROTOR 54 WITH BLADES 56 BEFORE BEING EVACUATED THROUGH AN OPENING 58 THANKS TO A PNEUMATIC FIBER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM. THE INVENTION ALLOWS THE RATE OF DISTRIBUTION OF CARDE FIBERS TO BE ADJUSTED WITH GREAT PRECISION AND ALSO TO ADJUST THEIR LENGTH AT WILL WITH ALSO VERY HIGH PRECISION.

Description

The present invention essentially relates to a

  fiber carding machine, nrammt mineral wool fisbre, ca-

  taking a hopper provided with a rotary carding and fiber-cutting member arranged coaxially with the feed system

but with opposite direction of rotation.

  Various fiber-carding machines are already known, in particular wool fibers, comprising a fiber hopper provided with a rotary feeding system, such as a screw, moved in a first direction of rotation, feeding the fibers with a fiber feed. opening disposed towards the bottom of the hopper closed at least in part by a fiber flow control flap, a carding apparatus being arranged to receive the fibers from this opening. This carding apparatus generally comprises a carding device disposed under said opening and provided with at least two rotary drums comprising transverse fingers,

  and turning in opposite directions to each other.

  Finally, a feed rotor, sometimes referred to as a lock, is disposed below the carding device and conveys

  the fibers carded at a fiber distribution opening.

  However, with such prior carding machines, it is very difficult to regulate the length or granulometry of the fibers, as well as the flow of distribution of the fibers.

  fibers through the dispensing aperture.

  The present invention therefore aims to solve the new technical problem consisting in the provision of a fiber carding machine for projecting and injecting fibers of a regularity never reached with a possibility of increasing or reducing the flow rate of distribution

adjustable fiber at will.

  The main purpose of the present invention is also

  to solve the new technical problem of supplying

  a carding machine capable of obtaining a length or granu-

  lometrics fiber ever achieved, this length or grain size being adjustable at will with great accuracy. These technical problems are solved for the

  first time by the present invention.

  Thus, the present invention provides a fibrous carding machine, especially mineral wool fiber, which is a fiber hopper provided with a rotary feeding system, such as a screw, moved in a first direction of rotation, feeding the fibers at an opening disposed towards the bottom of the hopper closed at least in part by a fiber flow rate control hatch, a carding apparatus being provided for performing carding of the fibers, a feed rotor being arranged below the carding apparatus and conveying the carded fibers to a fiber dispensing opening, characterized in that the carding apparatus is disposed in the hopper near its opening, said carding apparatus comprising a rotatable member arranged coaxially with the system feeding, being

  moved in a direction of rotation opposite that of the feeding system.

  According to a preferred embodiment, this carding member comprises a disc integral with a drive shaft,

  said disk being provided with one or more fingers arranged parallel to

  parallel to the drive shaft and extending towards the

fiber feeding system.

  According to a preferred embodiment, this carding member further comprises a movable disk mounted movable in

  translation on the aforementioned fingers.This mobile disk can be

  serves as a perforation for pernece a more regular flow of fibers in évitanrt well

a borrowing.

  According to a particular variant embodiment, this carding member comprises a guide tube integral with the disk and thus of the aforementioned drive shaft, said tube of

  guidance coming freely around the feed system.

Rotation.

  According to yet another embodiment

  The carding machine according to the invention comprises an auxiliary carding apparatus which may be constituted by a conventional carding apparatus arranged to receive the fibers from the opening of the hopper and comprising a carding device disposed on said opening of the hopper advantageously provided with at least two rotary drums comprising transverse fingers, and rotating

reverse.

  It is thus understood that thanks to the carding member according to the invention disposed in the hopper, and rotating in a direction of rotation opposite to the direction of rotation of the system.

  rotary feeding, the fibers are carded.

  An unexpected advantage obtained by the carding member according to the invention, by the presence of the mobile disc, consists of a regularization of the flow in a very precise manner, and an increase or a reduction of this flow rate thanks to the horizontal displacement of the mobile disc in parallel. to the axis of

  rotation defined by the drive shaft.

  In addition, the presence of the fingers makes it possible to adjust the length of the fibers at will, this adjustment being carried out with

great precision.

  Indeed, the fingers allow to wind the fibers and break them, this break being obtained at different times depending on the speed of rotation of the fingers. Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly in the light of the

  explanatory description which will follow made with reference to

  attached drawings, representing the presently preferred embodiment of the invention, given merely by way of illustration and therefore not in any way limit the scope of the invention. In the drawings: Fig. 1 is an elevational view, and in partial longitudinal section showing the essential members of the fiber carding machine according to the present invention; - Figure 2 shows a detailed view of the mixing device; - Figure 3 shows an exploded view of the rotary supply system and the carding member according to the invention disposed in the hopper; - Figure 4 shows in perspective the carding apparatus disposed below the hopper; and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the feed rotor comprising a fiber distribution system.

tires.

  With reference to Figures 1 to 5, a fiber carding machine according to the present invention, represented by the general reference numeral 1, comprises a hopper shown

  by the general reference number 2 provided with a feeding system

  rotation 4, such as a screw, moved in a first direction of

  rotation, for example defined by the arrow R1. This system of food

  rotary feeding 4 feeds the fibers to an opening 6 disposed towards the bottom of the hopper. This opening 6 is closed at least

  partly by a trap 8 for regulating the flow of the fibers.

  According to the present invention, this machine is characterized in that it comprises a carding apparatus 10 disposed in the hopper 2, in the vicinity of its opening 6. This carding apparatus 10 more particularly comprises a rotary member 12 arranged coaxially with the carding system. 4, in

  being moved in a direction of rotation opposite to that of the food system

  mentation, here symbolized by the arrow R2.

  Preferably, and to allow a speed of

  adjustable rotation at will, different from that of the feeding system

  4, the rotary carding member 12 comprises a drive shaft driven by drive means independent of the driving means of the feed system 4. These drive means being themselves conventional are not shown

  in the figures for the clarity of the drawings.

  According to a presently preferred embodiment, the rotary carding member 12 comprises a disc 14 integral with the drive shaft 16, said disc 14 being provided with one or more fingers such as 18, 20 arranged parallel to the tree

  16 and extending towards the power supply system.

  fiber 4, as is clearly

  from the consideration of Figures 1 and 3.

  According to a more advantageous embodiment, the carding member 12 further comprises a mobile disk 22, mounted displaceably on the fingers 18, 20, which makes it possible to adjust the carding rate of the fibers at will, so as to increase

  or reduce it. This mobile disk can be positioned at positions

  predetermined discrete conditions on the shaft 16 and / or

  guide tube 26 described below, depending on the desired flow rate.

  The greater the desired fiber flow rate, the more the mobile disc 22 will be removed from the end 4a of the feed system, and more

  carding will be rude. The mobile disk 22 can be advantageously

  only perforated with its peroheteria by including indentations 23

  to promote a smooth flow of fibers avoiding a bounce

  rage. On the other hand, depending on the rotational speed imparted to the fingers 18, 20, the length of the fibers is adjusted at will, since the fibers are wound on the fingers then

are broken by them.

  Thus, the fingers 18, 20 have not only a function of carding, or disentangling of the fibers, but also a

  cutting function that is related to their rotational speed.

  Advantageously, an element of pro

  24, disposed above the carding apparatus disposed in the hopper, to prevent fibers in the hopper being taken directly by the carding apparatus 10 instead of being driven by the carding system. 4. Thus,

  this protection element 24 extends even beyond the end

  mite 4a downstream of the feed system 4 as this is clearly

  visible in Figure 1, that is to say upstream of the end 4a.

  In practice this element of proctection is formed by a tube in

  which has been practiced the opening 6.

  It is also possible in the hopper, above the feed system 4, a mixing device 30 which is shown in more detail in Figure 2. This mixing device 30 comprises for example a drive shaft 32 moved in the direction of rotation R1, and provided with transverse arms 34 having, at their free ends, polygonal plates 36 which may for example

to be trapezoldal.

  On the other hand, it is possible in a box 40 disposed below and around the opening 6 of the hopper 2, an auxiliary carding apparatus 42 arranged to receive the fibers from the opening 6 of the hopper 2, which are already at least partially carded which improves the finish for some fibers

  1n hard minerals, such as carborindon mineral fibers.

  This auxiliary carding apparatus 42 is more specifically shown in FIG. 4. It comprises a carding device proper placed under the opening comprising at least two rotary drums 44, 46 having fingers such as 48, 50 transverse. These rotary drums 44, 46 rotate in their direction

  reverse for example in the direction of rotation R1 and R2.

  Below this auxiliary carding apparatus 42,

  provision can be made, still in the casing 40, of a food rotor

  54 having a number of U-shaped blades 56, below the auxiliary carding apparatus 42, and carrying

  the fibers carded at a fiber dispensing opening 58.

  It is possible to provide at the base of the box 40, which is substantially cylindrical in shape around the feed rotor 54, at its lowest level, a boss 60 defining a channel 62

  forming a conduit for discharging the carded fibers to the opening

distribution 58.

  To facilitate this distribution, it is possible to provide a pneumatic fiber distribution system by sending a stream of air through an air inlet 64 arranged opposite the

  output 58, as is clearly visible in FIGS. 1 and 5.

  Advantageously, it can be provided on the carding apparatus 10, a guide tube 26 integral with the disc 14 and thus the drive shaft 16 above. This tube

  guide 26 comes to freely move around the system albn-

  rotary rotation 4 and coarse roulemerrnts for example ball. This guide tube 26 pe-rdt oonc daSse.r a guage or support of organ e carMe and cue

  its coaxiality with the feeding system 4. NatureL-

  Sealing elements at the inlet of the guide tube 26 to prevent fibers from penetrating inside the latter, d in the rollers, and may affect the performance of the carding member 12. Furthermore, it is possible to provide, below the auxiliary carding apparatus 42, a carding hatch 70, which makes it possible to significantly improve the regularity of the flow rate.

fibers.

  The operation of this carding machine is extremely great if: e and is the following: Fibers, for example wool fibers are fed from a supply into the hopper 2 where they first pass into the mixing device 30 which can for example turning at a speed of rotation of 10 to 60 rpm and these kneaded fibers are driven by the feed system 4 which can for example rotate at a speed of rotation of 4 to 50 rpm to be subsequently taken by the carding apparatus 10 rotating in direction

  reverse, for example at a rotation speed of 1200 rpm.

  Thanks to this high rotation speed of the carding apparatus 10 with respect to the feed system 4, carding of the fibers and cutting of the fibers by

  the presence of fingers such as 18, 20.

  In addition, thanks to the presence of the movable disc 22, it is possible to adjust the carding rate in a very precise manner as a function of the speed of rotation, as well as the length of the fibers. The carded and cut fibers then fall through the opening 6, the size of which is regulated by the regulation flap 8, possibly in the auxiliary carding apparatus 42 whose rotary drums 44, 46 can rotate at a rotational speed of between 180.degree. and 1800 rpm, these drums 44,

  46 rotating at the same speed, but in reverse.

  The fibers thus carded then fall into the lower part of the box 40 in which the rotor 54 provided with the blades 56 is placed and conveys them to the lower boss 60, that is to say in the channel 62. The carded fibers and 8- cut, are then driven preferably by the system of

  distribution of the pneumatic fibers which evacuates them by the exit 58.

  Thanks to the pressure of the air used, which can be set between 0 and 300 mbar, one can obtain a projection of the fibers against any wall and / or an injection of these fibers in any device with a regularity never reached until now, at a very precise rate, which can be adjusted at will while allowing to adjust the length of the fibers also at will. The rotational speed of the rotor 54 may be for example

from 10 to 60 rpm.

  It is thus understood that the present invention makes it possible to provide, quite unexpectedly, a substantially universal fiber carding machine, allowing numerous adjustments, be it with regard to the feed rate of the fibers or the length of these fibers. Any type of fiber may be used, but the preferred use is for wool fibers further referred to as mineral wool fibers such as fibers.

  rock wool or glass wool or carborindon.

  These fibers can then be projected by the machine according to the invention.

  against surfaces to be protected, to render refractory

  me the surfaces of hydrocarbon processing furnaces.

  The present invention naturally includes all the means constituting technical equivalents, means

  described and their various combinations.

Claims (10)

  1. Carding machine for fibers, in particular fibers of mineral wool, which co-form a fiber network (2) provided with a rotary feed system (4), such as a screw, moved in a first direction of rotation, feeding the fibers having an opening (6) disposed towards the bottom of the hopper (2) possibly closed at least in part by a fiber flow control hatch (8), a carding apparatus (10) being provided for carding the fibers , and a supply rotor (54) being disposed below the carding apparatus (10) and conveying the carded fibers to a fiber dispensing opening (58), characterized in that the carding apparatus ( 10) is disposed in the hopper (2), in the vicinity of its opening (6), said carding apparatus (10) having a   rotating member (12) arranged coaxially with the feed system   tation (4), with a reverse direction of rotation (R2) of   that (R1) of the feeding system (4).   2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the carding member (12) comprises a disc (14) integral with a drive shaft (16), said disc (14) being provided with one or more fingers (18, 20) arranged parallel to the shaft   drive (16) and extending towards the feed system fiber formation (4).   3. Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the carding member (12) comprises a movable disc (22)   mounted movable in translation on the fingers (18, 20).   4. Machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the carding member (12) comprises a guide tube (26) integral with the disk (14) and therefore the drive shaft (16), said guide tube (26) free to move freely around   the rotary feeding system (4).   5. Machine according to any one of claims 1   at 4, characterized in that it comprises a protective element (24) of the carding apparatus (10) disposed above the carding apparatus (10) and extending advantageously beyond the end   downstream (4a) of the feed system (4).   6. Machine according to any one of claims 1   at 5, characterized in that it comprises an auxiliary carding apparatus (42) arranged to receive the fibers at least partially carded from the opening (6) of the hopper (2), and comprising a carding device proper provided with at least two   rotary drums (44, 46) having transverse fingers (48, 50)   versaux, said drums (44, 46) rotating in opposite directions.   7. Machine according to any one of claims 1   to 6, characterized in that the driving means of the carding apparatus (10) are independent of the driving means of the   rotary feeding system (4).   8. Machine according to any one of claims 1   7, characterized in that it comprises a device for   kneading (30) disposed above the feed system (4).   9. Machine according to any one of claims 1   at 8, characterized in that it comprises a distribution system pneumatic fibers.   10. Machine according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized   characterized in that the aforesaid mobile disk is perforated on its periphery.   by presenting indentations (23).