FR2570416A1 - Permanent formwork element for the construction of vertical walls, particularly submerged ones, and its method of use - Google Patents

Permanent formwork element for the construction of vertical walls, particularly submerged ones, and its method of use Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2570416A1
FR2570416A1 FR8414493A FR8414493A FR2570416A1 FR 2570416 A1 FR2570416 A1 FR 2570416A1 FR 8414493 A FR8414493 A FR 8414493A FR 8414493 A FR8414493 A FR 8414493A FR 2570416 A1 FR2570416 A1 FR 2570416A1
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formwork element
formwork
wall
element according
construction
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French (fr)
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8611—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers being embedded in at least one form leaf
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/0075—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete
    • E04H4/0081—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete with walls and floor cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2002/8682—Mixed technique using permanent and reusable forms

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a permanent formwork element 1 for the construction of vertical walls, particularly submerged ones. According to the invention, this element is made in the factory to the required dimensions, of thin reinforced concrete, vibrated at high frequency, with handling reinforcements 5 projecting from the face 6 facing towards the outside of the construction.

Description

La construction de parois verticales immergées ou destinées à être immergées, par exemple pour la réalisation de cuves, de réservoirs, de piscines, de murs de soutènement de berges, etc., pose de nombreux problèmes que les procédés traditionnels ne résolvent qu'imparfaitement. The construction of vertical walls immersed or intended to be immersed, for example for the realization of tanks, reservoirs, swimming pools, retaining walls of banks, etc., poses many problems that the traditional methods solve only imperfectly.

La construction traditionnelle en béton armé avec coffrage bois exige trois phases successives : bétonnage de la dalle de fond avec ferraillage en attente, coffrage bois ou autre pour les parois verticales et bétonnage et, enfin, décoffrage et finition au mortier de ciment. Ces opérations sont d'un coût élevé et présentent les inconvénients suivants : risque d'erreurs d'une main d'oeuvre strictement manuelle, manque d'homogénéité entre la dalle de fond et les parois coulées séparément, risque de décollement des enduits de finition. The traditional reinforced concrete construction with wooden formwork requires three successive phases: concreting the bottom slab with pending reinforcement, wooden or other formwork for vertical walls and concreting and, finally, formwork and finishing with cement mortar. These operations are of high cost and have the following drawbacks: risk of errors in strictly manual labor, lack of uniformity between the bottom slab and the walls poured separately, risk of detachment of the finish coatings .

Il a été également proposé de réaliser les parois verticales en tôles d'acier, en polyester, en aluminium, avec revêtement, par exemple en mosalque de verre ou en carrelage. - Là encore les inconvénients sont nombreux, outre les risques de malfaçon résultant de l'utilisation de produits synthétiques ou de résines pour l'application du revêtement, il faut se méfier du manque de cohésion provenant de l'assemblage de matériaux différents reliés par boulonnage et/ou bétonnage partiel, ces matériaux divers "travaillant" chacun de manière différente. It has also been proposed to produce the vertical walls in steel sheets, in polyester, in aluminum, with coating, for example in glass mosaic or in tiling. - Again there are many disadvantages, in addition to the risks of poor workmanship resulting from the use of synthetic products or resins for the application of the coating, it is necessary to be wary of the lack of cohesion coming from the assembly of different materials connected by bolting and / or partial concreting, these various materials each "working" in a different way.

Par ailleurs, on connait notamment pour les piscines, le procédé de construction en béton projeté. Ce procédé exige un très grand soin et l'utilisation d'un béton sec et poreux. Il faut donc prévoir des enduits de finition importants, exécutés par une main d'oeuvre spécialisée, ce qui conduit à un coût de main d'oeuvre très élevé, si l'on veut éviter des décollements ultérieurs d'enduit et par là même de mosaïque. Furthermore, we know in particular for swimming pools, the sprayed concrete construction process. This process requires great care and the use of dry, porous concrete. It is therefore necessary to provide significant finishing plasters, executed by a specialized workforce, which leads to a very high labor cost, if one wishes to avoid subsequent detachments of plaster and thereby mosaic.

Enfin, dans tous les cas, il est souvent demandé de sceller dans les parois verticales diverses pièces ou appareils (projecteurs, refouleurs, traversées de murs, etc.), ce qui nécessite des percements ensuite jointoyés après mise en place et par conséquent la création de nouveaux risques de fuite ou de malfaçons. Finally, in all cases, it is often asked to seal in the vertical walls various rooms or devices (projectors, repressors, wall crossings, etc.), which requires drilling then grouted after installation and therefore the creation new risks of leakage or poor workmanship.

Afin de réduire le coût de revient grâce à un gain de temps considérable et à l'utilisation d'une main d'oeuvre non Spécialisée, tout en conservant les avantages d'adaptation et du moindre coût du matériau "béton", l'invention a pour objet un élément de coffrage permanent pour la face intérieure de la paroi à construire, fabriqué en usine, aux dimensions requises, elles peuvent atteindre des surfaces de 10 X 2,50 mètres, en béton armé mince et vibré à haute fréquence avec armature de manutention faisant saillie sur la face tournée vers l'extérieur de la construction.  In order to reduce the cost price thanks to a considerable saving of time and the use of unskilled labor, while retaining the advantages of adaptation and lower cost of the "concrete" material, the invention relates to a permanent formwork element for the interior face of the wall to be built, factory made, with the required dimensions, they can reach surfaces of 10 X 2.50 meters, made of thin reinforced concrete, vibrated at high frequency with reinforcement handling protruding from the outward facing side of the construction.

Avantageusement, la face de l'élément de coffrage tournée vers l'intérieur est suffisamment rugueuse pour permettre l'application directe d'un revêtement au ciment colle traditionnel sans application préalable d'un enduit de finition et/ou de rattrapage. Advantageously, the face of the shuttering element facing inward is rough enough to allow the direct application of a coating with traditional adhesive cement without prior application of a finishing and / or take-up coating.

De préférence, la saillie de l'armature de manutention sur la face extérieure correspond sensiblement à l'épaisseur de la paroi à construire. Preferably, the projection of the handling frame on the outer face corresponds substantially to the thickness of the wall to be constructed.

Cette disposition permet de fixer le coffrage extérieur à cette armature de manutention à l'aide de simples crochets à queue filetée traversant ledit coffrage extérieur, avec écrou de serrage ou serre-coffrage.This arrangement makes it possible to fix the external formwork to this handling frame using simple hooks with threaded shank passing through said external formwork, with clamping nut or formwork clamp.

Tous les appareils et pièces quelconques devant être scellés dans la paroi peuvent être posés en usine et scellés dans l'élément de coffrage. All devices and any parts to be sealed in the wall can be installed at the factory and sealed in the formwork element.

Le brevet a encore pour objet le procédé d'utilisation d'un élément selon l'invention. Cette utilisation est claire. L'élément muni d'un ferraillage parfaitement équilibré est pose verticalement, à l'aide d'un engin de levage sur deux points d'appui qui peuvent être de petite surface, par exemple dix centimètres carré et même moins. La rigidité de l'élément permet son calage, en position verticale, avec un seul étançon. The subject of the patent is also the method of using an element according to the invention. This use is clear. The element provided with a perfectly balanced reinforcement is placed vertically, using a lifting device on two support points which can be of small surface, for example ten square centimeters and even less. The rigidity of the element allows its setting, in vertical position, with a single prop.

Après la pose, le ferraillage de la paroi à construire est réalisé conformément aux besoins et aux normes applicables, puis on met en place le coffrage extérieur, qui peut être soit en maçonnerie d'agglomérés, soit en aggloméré de bois, soit en grillage ou autre matériau en le fixant à l'armature de manutention. Il suffit alors de procéder au bétonnage du fond et des parois, de préférence en une seule opération ininterrompue, avant de récupérer, vingt quatre heures après, par exemple, le coffrage extérieur.After installation, the reinforcement of the wall to be constructed is carried out in accordance with the needs and applicable standards, then the external formwork is put in place, which can be either in agglomerated masonry, or in agglomerated wood, or in wire mesh or other material by fixing it to the handling frame. It then suffices to concret the bottom and the walls, preferably in a single uninterrupted operation, before recovering, twenty four hours after, for example, the external formwork.

L'épaisseur de l'élément de coffrage selon l'invention dépend, bien entendu, de la hauteur dudit élément afin d'assurer une rigidité suffisante, mais reste toujours faible, par exemple quarante cinq millimètres pour une hauteur de cinq mètres qui nécessite une épaisseur de paroi de cent quatre vingt à deux cent trente millimètres. The thickness of the formwork element according to the invention depends, of course, on the height of said element in order to ensure sufficient rigidity, but always remains low, for example forty five millimeters for a height of five meters which requires a wall thickness of one hundred and eighty to two hundred and thirty millimeters.

Bien entendu, des élements conformes à l'invention peuvent être utilisés pour des constructions non immergées sans- sortir du cadre de l'invention. Of course, elements according to the invention can be used for non-submerged constructions without going beyond the ambit of the invention.

Les dessins ci-joints donnés à titre d'exemple indicatif et non limitatif permettent aisément de comprendre l'invention. Ils représentent un mode de réalisation préféré selon l'invention. The attached drawings given by way of indicative and non-limiting example easily make it possible to understand the invention. They represent a preferred embodiment according to the invention.

La figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un élément de coffrage. Figure 1 is a sectional view of a formwork element.

La figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'une piscine réalisée selon le procédé utilisant l'élément de coffrage selon l'invention.  Figure 2 is a sectional view of a swimming pool produced according to the method using the formwork element according to the invention.

L'invention a pour objet un élément de coffrage permanent 1 pour la face intérieure 2 de la paroi 3 à construire, fabriqué en usine, aux dimensions requises, en béton armé mince et vibré à haute fréquence 4 avec armature de manutention faisant saillie sur la face 6 tournée vers l'extérieur de la construction. The subject of the invention is a permanent shuttering element 1 for the inner face 2 of the wall 3 to be constructed, factory-made, to the required dimensions, made of thin reinforced and vibrated at high frequency concrete 4 with a handling armature projecting from the side 6 facing outwards from the building.

Avantageusement, la face de l'élément de coffrage tournée vers l'intérieur 2 est suffisamment rugueuse pour permettre l'application directe d'un revêtement au ciment colle traditionnel sans application préalable d'un enduit de finition et/ou de rattrapage. Advantageously, the face of the shuttering element facing inwards 2 is rough enough to allow the direct application of a coating with traditional adhesive cement without prior application of a finishing and / or take-up coating.

De préférence, la saillie de l'armature de manutention 5 sur la face extérieure 6 correspond sensiblement à l'épaisseur de la paroi 3 à construire. Cette disposition permet de fixer le coffrage extérieur 7 à cette armature de manutention 5 à l'aide de simples crochets à queue filetée 8 traversant ledit coffrage extérieur, avec écrou de serrage 9. Preferably, the projection of the handling frame 5 on the outer face 6 corresponds substantially to the thickness of the wall 3 to be constructed. This arrangement makes it possible to fix the external formwork 7 to this handling frame 5 by means of simple hooks with threaded shank 8 passing through said external formwork, with tightening nut 9.

Tous les appareils et pièces quelconques devant être scellés dans la paroi peuvent être posés en usine et scellés dans l'élément de coffrage. All devices and any parts to be sealed in the wall can be installed at the factory and sealed in the formwork element.

Le brevet a encore pour objet le procédé d'utilisation d'un élément selon l'invention. L'élément muni d'un ferraillage parfaitement équilibré est posé verticalement, à l'aide d'un engin de levage sur deux points d'appui qui peuvent être de petite surface, par exemple dix centimètres carré et même moins. La rigidité de l'élément permet son calage, en position verticale, avec un seul étançon 10. Après la pose, le ferraillage de la paroi à construire est réalisé conformément aux besoins et aux normes applicables, puis on met en place le coffrage extérieur 7, qui peut être soit en maçonnerie d'agglomérés, soit en aggloméré de bois, soit en grillage ou autre matériau en le fixant à l'armature de manutention 5. Il suffit alors de procéder au bétonnage du fond ll et des parois 3, de préférence en une seule opération ininterrompue, avant de récupérer, vingt quatre heures après, par exemple, le coffrage extérieur 7.  The subject of the patent is also the method of using an element according to the invention. The element provided with a perfectly balanced reinforcement is placed vertically, using a lifting device on two support points which can be of small surface, for example ten square centimeters and even less. The rigidity of the element allows it to be propped up, in a vertical position, with a single prop 10. After installation, the reinforcement of the wall to be constructed is produced in accordance with the needs and applicable standards, then the external formwork 7 is put in place. , which can be either in agglomerated masonry, or in agglomerated wood, or in mesh or other material by fixing it to the handling frame 5. It then suffices to proceed with concreting the bottom ll and the walls 3, preferably in a single uninterrupted operation, before recovering, twenty four hours after, for example, the external formwork 7.

Claims (5)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Elément de coffrage permanent, pour la face interieure, immergé ou à immerger au moins partiellement, d'une paroi de béton à construire, caractérisé en ce qu'il est fabriqué en usine, aux dimensions requises, en béton armé mince et vibré à haute fréquence, avec armature de manutention (5) faisant saillie sur la face tournée vers l'extérieur (6) de la construction. 1. Permanent formwork element, for the interior face, submerged or at least partially immersed, of a concrete wall to be constructed, characterized in that it is manufactured in the factory, to the required dimensions, in thin and vibrated reinforced concrete at high frequency, with handling armature (5) projecting from the outward facing face (6) of the construction. 2. Elément de coffrage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que sa face tournée vers l'intérieur (2) est suffisamment rugueuse pour permettre li application directe d'un revêtement au ciment colle traditionnel. 2. Formwork element according to claim 1, characterized in that its inward-facing face (2) is rough enough to allow direct application of a coating with traditional adhesive cement. 3. Elément de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la saillie de l'armature de manutention (5) par rapport à la face tournée vers l'extérieur (6) correspond sensiblement à l'épaisseur de la paroi (3) à construire. 3. Formwork element according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the projection of the handling frame (5) relative to the face facing outward (6) corresponds substantially to the thickness of the wall (3) to be built. 4. Elément de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1,2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il porte, par scellement en usine, tous les appareils ou pièces, tels que projecteurs, refouleurs, traversées de murs ou autres, devant être disposés sur la paroi correspondante à construire. 4. Formwork element according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it carries, by factory sealing, all the devices or parts, such as projectors, discharge, crossings of walls or the like, in front be arranged on the corresponding wall to be built. 5. Procédé d'utilisation d'un élément de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes 5. Method of using a formwork element according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps a) pose en position verticale de l'élément, à l'aide d'un engin de a) installation of the element in a vertical position, using a levage, sur deux joints d'appui de faible surface, lifting, on two small surface support joints, b) calage dans la position verticale à l'aide d'au moins un étançon (îo),  b) wedging in the vertical position using at least one prop (îo), c) réalisation traditionnelle du ferraillage de la paroi à c) traditional reinforcement of the wall to construire, to build, d) mise en place du coffrage extérieur (7) fixé à l'armature de d) installation of the external formwork (7) fixed to the frame of manutention (5), handling (5), e) bétonnage du fond et des parois de la construction, de préférence e) concreting the bottom and walls of the building, preferably en une seule opération ininterrompue, in a single uninterrupted operation, f) ultérieurement, démontage et récupération du coffrage extérieur f) later, disassembly and recovery of the external formwork (7).  (7).
FR8414493A 1984-09-19 1984-09-19 Permanent formwork element for the construction of vertical walls, particularly submerged ones, and its method of use Pending FR2570416A1 (en)

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FR8414493A FR2570416A1 (en) 1984-09-19 1984-09-19 Permanent formwork element for the construction of vertical walls, particularly submerged ones, and its method of use

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2758845A1 (en) * 1997-01-28 1998-07-31 Francois Blavette Lost shuttering procedure for making swimming pool walls and steps
FR2773577A1 (en) * 1998-01-15 1999-07-16 Jean Marc Derveaux Prefabricated concrete swimming pool shuttering and assembly system
EP1433907A2 (en) * 2002-12-21 2004-06-30 Wilhelm Schmitz Shuttering
EP1482098A1 (en) * 2003-05-26 2004-12-01 Ferdinand Hammerer Water-impermeable cellar and method of its construction
WO2008129574A1 (en) * 2007-04-18 2008-10-30 Nuova Ceval S.R.L. A swimming pool, a construction and manufacturing methods thereof
FR2926574A1 (en) * 2008-01-23 2009-07-24 Francois Buyse Reinforcement device for constructing swimming pool, has guide constituted of cladding sheet, and metallic rods whose ends are bent so as to maintain metallic beams fixed to irons of cladding sheet
ES2363673A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-08-11 Rubrica Ingenieria Y Arquitectura, S.L Modular structure for the formation of submerged formwork (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
FR2976303A1 (en) * 2011-06-07 2012-12-14 Francois Buyse Body for assembling formwork for construction of reinforced concrete swimming pool, has fixing unit for fixing body to formwork, and spacer for maintaining spaced apart elements of formwork, where spacer includes central zone
WO2015169993A1 (en) * 2014-05-07 2015-11-12 Indepool, S.L. Set of devices for building swimming pools and corresponding construction method
FR3073878A1 (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-24 Gregory Lorin BASIN AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME
US11155995B2 (en) * 2018-11-19 2021-10-26 Airlite Plastics Co. Concrete form with removable sidewall
US11591813B2 (en) 2016-11-14 2023-02-28 Airlite Plastics Co. Concrete form with removable sidewall

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB964191A (en) * 1962-06-22 1964-07-15 Amcodyne Corp Tank construction
GB1072800A (en) * 1965-10-18 1967-06-21 Twellose Ind Plastics N V Improvements in or relating to reservoir constructions
FR2263339A1 (en) * 1974-03-07 1975-10-03 Rousset Michel Precast panels forming shuttering for walls - contain reinforcement projecting into internal recesses
CH610966A5 (en) * 1976-07-22 1979-05-15 Willi Steiner Rock or slope revetment and method of constructing it
CH621174A5 (en) * 1977-07-07 1981-01-15 Willi Steiner Method of constructing a retaining wall and set of structural parts for carrying out this method
US4407102A (en) * 1981-03-16 1983-10-04 Boyack John D Concrete and resin swimming pool wall

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB964191A (en) * 1962-06-22 1964-07-15 Amcodyne Corp Tank construction
GB1072800A (en) * 1965-10-18 1967-06-21 Twellose Ind Plastics N V Improvements in or relating to reservoir constructions
FR2263339A1 (en) * 1974-03-07 1975-10-03 Rousset Michel Precast panels forming shuttering for walls - contain reinforcement projecting into internal recesses
CH610966A5 (en) * 1976-07-22 1979-05-15 Willi Steiner Rock or slope revetment and method of constructing it
CH621174A5 (en) * 1977-07-07 1981-01-15 Willi Steiner Method of constructing a retaining wall and set of structural parts for carrying out this method
US4407102A (en) * 1981-03-16 1983-10-04 Boyack John D Concrete and resin swimming pool wall

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2758845A1 (en) * 1997-01-28 1998-07-31 Francois Blavette Lost shuttering procedure for making swimming pool walls and steps
FR2773577A1 (en) * 1998-01-15 1999-07-16 Jean Marc Derveaux Prefabricated concrete swimming pool shuttering and assembly system
EP1433907A2 (en) * 2002-12-21 2004-06-30 Wilhelm Schmitz Shuttering
EP1433907A3 (en) * 2002-12-21 2005-01-05 Wilhelm Schmitz Shuttering
EP1482098A1 (en) * 2003-05-26 2004-12-01 Ferdinand Hammerer Water-impermeable cellar and method of its construction
WO2008129574A1 (en) * 2007-04-18 2008-10-30 Nuova Ceval S.R.L. A swimming pool, a construction and manufacturing methods thereof
FR2926574A1 (en) * 2008-01-23 2009-07-24 Francois Buyse Reinforcement device for constructing swimming pool, has guide constituted of cladding sheet, and metallic rods whose ends are bent so as to maintain metallic beams fixed to irons of cladding sheet
ES2363673A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-08-11 Rubrica Ingenieria Y Arquitectura, S.L Modular structure for the formation of submerged formwork (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
FR2976303A1 (en) * 2011-06-07 2012-12-14 Francois Buyse Body for assembling formwork for construction of reinforced concrete swimming pool, has fixing unit for fixing body to formwork, and spacer for maintaining spaced apart elements of formwork, where spacer includes central zone
WO2015169993A1 (en) * 2014-05-07 2015-11-12 Indepool, S.L. Set of devices for building swimming pools and corresponding construction method
US11591813B2 (en) 2016-11-14 2023-02-28 Airlite Plastics Co. Concrete form with removable sidewall
FR3073878A1 (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-24 Gregory Lorin BASIN AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME
US11155995B2 (en) * 2018-11-19 2021-10-26 Airlite Plastics Co. Concrete form with removable sidewall

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