EP1482098A1 - Water-impermeable cellar and method of its construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The waterproof cellar has double wall elements has exterior walls (31) and with the inner wall panels (12) are supported on a floor slab, and manufactured and cast with the floor slab with water impenetrable concrete. The outer wall panels are supported on a load dispersing course (1) as a foundation and supports the inner panel on the reinforcement (5,9) of the floor slab. A foundation strip extends around under the exterior walls and the intermediate space is filled with a filler course (32). An independent claim is included for a method for the manufacture of a waterproof cellar.

Description

The present invention relates to a waterproof basement Double wall elements as outer walls, which are based on the inner wall panel support the floor slab and with waterproof concrete together with the base plate are made and poured. The invention relates also a method of making a waterproof cellar by means of double wall elements.

EP 1 046 758 A1 describes a method for producing a plate and a plate of which rising composite formwork wall as well as a prefabricated Composite formwork element known. For prefabricated composite formwork elements are intended for casting the plate underneath necessary parts already in the prefabrication in the composite formwork element integrated and the composite formwork offset before casting the slab. This serves a collision of connecting reinforcements with spacers of the To avoid composite formwork elements, dangers from standing up Reduce reinforcement bars on the construction site and move the To simplify composite formwork.

From DE 202 19 324 U1 it is known to use double wall elements as a base plate acting double wall elements and the space with concrete in pour out in one pour. In addition, at the same time Ceiling elements placed before pouring and thus the floor in one Concrete casting can be made. This basement is also about to manufacture a basement that is impermeable to water; a so-called "White tub". The double wall elements exist, as in the prior art Technology is discussed in detail from prefabricated prefabricated panels made by Lattice girders are factory-made into a double element with remaining Space are connected. Below are the inner wall panel referred to as the inner panel and the outer wall panel as the outer panel. It is known that a basement or a floor of several such Double wall elements is composed as outer wall segments. in the The following, however, will simplify the description of only the singular used.

The production from a single casting is an essential measure for the production of a watertight cellar. With the usual today impermeable types of concrete can prevent water from entering the concrete beyond a depth of 1.5 cm can be prevented.

The building floor described in the prior art already provides a huge step forward in making a water-impermeable cellar. There is an elevated cellar of this type Need, because on the one hand these basements in wetlands or in groundwater areas can be built and on the other hand the usual drainage around this basement can be omitted. The latter is on the part of the authorities, at least in Germany, desired.

The present invention has for its object to manufacture such Basement to optimize further, so that the production of the basement with high quality compared to conventional cellars that are not designated as impermeable to water can be done more cheaply.

This object is achieved by a water-impermeable basement with the features of the device claim and by a method with the Features of the independent process claim solved. More advantageous Refinements are to the respective subordinate claims remove.

According to the invention, the outer plate is supported on a load-bearing layer as a foundation and the inner plate on the reinforcement of the floor slab. This compared to the prior art, in which still double wall elements as Scaffolding used for the floor slab made significant progress with regard to the components used for the construction as well as for the Manufacture of the connection between the Base plate and the side wall.

Another preferred feature of the invention waterproof basement is the foundation that is considered one among the Outside walls surrounding foundation strips is formed, the Space between this circumferential strip as a foundation with a Filling layer, for example made of gravel, earth or lean concrete, is filled. at the production of insulated cellars is expediently the underground for the floor slab is formed by a load-bearing insulation board.

Because the ceiling and the side walls and the base plate at the same time to be poured out, any partitions must be used as prefabricated elements be used before laying ceiling elements. For this are special requirements for the partition walls provided under the Partitions arranged on additional concrete blocks as a foundation or support the load-bearing insulation board. In the area of the base plate, serve prefabricated support elements between the side walls and the Foundation as a support for the partition walls until the concrete hardens.

The penetration of is particularly important for a water-impermeable cellar Water in hairline cracks between the poured concrete and the prefabricated concrete parts, such as in particular Outer plate, to prevent. For this purpose, the outer wall plate is designed in such a way that near the bottom end runs parallel to the ground bitumen-coated sheet is poured into the outer wall panel. The bitumen-coated sheet metal protrudes from the surface of the outer wall panel and into the concrete-filled space. Provided a double wall with If internal insulation is used, this bitumen-coated sheet will surpass the Interior insulation. This makes it reliable and simple prevents moisture from getting between the outer wall and the foundation or the load-bearing insulation board rises, penetrate further into the wall can. Alternatively, however, it is more complex and not quite as effective Possibility between the outer wall and the foundation or the load-bearing insulation board a corresponding layer of bitumen rubber before applying the double wall, this layer, according to the width of the sheet also in the corresponding The space must protrude.

A Betonieren eines umlaufenden Randes als Fundamentsreifen;

B Füllen des Zwischenraumes mit einer Füllung und glätten derselben;

C Anordnen von Mattenkörben auf dem Fundament und der Füllung entlang dem Fundament ohne dabei das Fundament vollständig zu verdecken;

D Einbringen von Bewehrungen in den verbleibenden Zwischenraum und Auflegen einer oberen Bewehrung auf die Mattenkörbe;

E Aufsetzen von Doppelwandelementen mit einer größeren Außenplatte und einer kleineren Innenplatte mit der Außenplatte auf dem Fundament und mit der Innenplatte auf den Mattenkörben;

F Anbringen einer umlaufenden Sperrschicht, die größer ist als das Ausbreitungsmaß des verwendeten Betons angrenzend an die den Kellerraum zugewandten Innenwände der Innenplatten auf den Mattenkörben;

G Füllen des Zwischenraumes zwischen den Außenplatten und den Innenplatten der Doppelwandelemente mit wasserundurchlässigem Beton und gleichzeitig der Mattenkörbe und der dazwischen angeordneten Bewehrung zur Herstellung einer Bodenplatte;

H Glätten der Oberfläche der Bodenplatte.

According to the method according to the invention, production takes place with the following steps:

A Concreting a peripheral edge as a foundation tire;

B filling the intermediate space with a filling and smoothing it;

C Placing mat baskets on the foundation and the filling along the foundation without completely covering the foundation;

D placing reinforcement in the remaining space and placing an upper reinforcement on the mesh baskets;

E placing double wall elements with a larger outer panel and a smaller inner panel with the outer panel on the foundation and the inner panel on the mat baskets;

F applying a circumferential barrier layer that is larger than the spread of the concrete used adjacent to the inner walls of the inner panels facing the basement on the mat baskets;

G filling the space between the outer panels and the inner panels of the double wall elements with waterproof concrete and at the same time the mesh baskets and the reinforcement arranged in between to produce a floor panel;

H Smooth the surface of the base plate.

To also the ceiling together with the outer walls and the floor slab To be able to produce a casting is expediently carried out before step G at least placed on the inner panels finished ceiling elements.

Instead of step F, expanded metal is preferably applied to the mat baskets or a barrier layer in front of the end resting on the foundation is made of expanded metal.

This is not necessary when producing an insulated cellar Steps A and B, because at this point a load transfer Insulation board is placed.

With the basement designed according to the invention and the manufacturing process a possibility is created that is a much (cheaper) cheaper Manufacturing allowed.

Figur 1

die Draufsicht auf den Untergrund unter einer zu fertigenden Bodenplatte, bzw. Keller;

Figur 2

die Teilschnittdarstellung durch einen vorbereiteten Fertigkeller für den Ausguss mit Beton;

Figur 3

die Schnittdarstellung durch die für den Ausguss mit Beton vorbereitete Bodenplatte im Bereich der Innenwände;

Figur 4

verschiedene Ansichten eines Stützelementes für die Innenwände;

Figur 5

eine Darstellung entsprechend Figur 2 für einen gedämmten wasserundurchlässigen Keller; und

Figur 6

die Seitenansicht auf zwei aneinanderstoßende Außenplatten von zwei Doppelwandelementen mit einem bitumenbeschichteten Band.

The invention is explained in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and various exemplary embodiments. They represent:

Figure 1

the top view of the ground under a floor slab or cellar to be manufactured;

Figure 2

the partial sectional view through a prepared prefabricated cellar for pouring concrete;

Figure 3

the sectional view through the base plate prepared for pouring concrete in the area of the inner walls;

Figure 4

different views of a support element for the inner walls;

Figure 5

a representation corresponding to Figure 2 for an insulated waterproof basement; and

Figure 6

the side view of two abutting outer panels of two double wall elements with a bitumen-coated tape.

Figure 1 shows a circumferential foundation strip 1, which on the prepared Is concreted in a building pit. Furthermore, the Places where inner walls 2 are to be erected on the ground also concrete blocks 3 concreted, the later edition for the inner walls serve. Usually two such concrete blocks 3 are sufficient. The Gap 4 between the peripheral edge of the foundation strip 1 is with a filling layer of gravel, earth or lean concrete. If one with it Insulated basement is made, will be load-bearing at this point Insulation boards laid. This structure is related to 5 shown.

FIG. 2 shows the foundation 1 and the one filled with a filling layer 32 Intermediate space 4. On this prepared surface, all-round Mat baskets 5 placed for the base plate 30. These mat baskets are preferably, as shown in the figure, U-shaped and be positioned on the foundation 1 in such a way that it rests on the reinforced web 6 the foundation. Under the mat basket 5 are still general known spacers 8 underlaid to raise the mat basket 5 and in particular in the area of the web 6 to be able to absorb load. To this Mat baskets 5 and in the remaining inner base plate area is a upper reinforcement 9 placed. Additional reinforcement can vary depending on the application be introduced inside, as is known to the expert and is expedient or necessary.

The vertical outer wall 31 is formed by a double wall element 10, the has a larger outer plate 11 and a smaller inner plate 12 which over a reinforcement 13 are connected. The double wall element 10 is arranged such that the outer plate 11 is on the foundation 1 and the inner plate 12 rests on the leg 7 of the mat basket 5 and over supports the leg 6. So after setting up the double wall element 10 this cannot fall over, is in the figure in the foundation cast mounting iron 14 shown, so that in the space wedging between the mounting iron 14 and the outer plate 11, for example, using a wooden wedge 15. to Improvement of the reinforcement within the double wall element 10 is in the FIG. Also shows a connecting iron 16 cast into the foundation 1 shown. Such measures are familiar to the person skilled in the art and belong to the usual manual measures.

In the figure, a prefabricated ceiling element 17 is also shown, which as self-supporting ceiling rests on the inner plate 12 and especially designed carrier is not shown.

So that the pouring of the space 18 in the double wall element 10 basically take place simultaneously with the floor area and the ceiling. There however, the concrete poured into the space 18 has the property bulging on the other side of the inner plate 12 are against this To take action. On the one hand, this can be prevented by a correspondingly designed, and not shown, angular element, or simply by angled formwork panels that are on the one hand on the Inner plate 12 and, on the other hand, rest on the upper reinforcement 9, be provided. It is essential that the cover parallel to the Mat basket is larger than the slump of the used waterproof concrete. The spread of the concrete is usually in such buildings not larger than 60 cm. If the requirement for the The spread of the concrete is less, the coverage can also be less. In In the embodiment, an expanded metal 19 is preferably incorporated on the mat basket 5 but under the upper reinforcement 9 so that it does not can be pushed up. Another basic possibility exists therein, an appropriate expanded metal (not shown) in the space 18 to be installed all around in front of the web 6. Then, however, are for one proper connection chisel, also not shown through stuck because the concrete does not penetrate due to the expanded metal this can penetrate.

Figure 2 also shows a special measure to prevent Penetration of moisture through hairline cracks that appear between the new poured concrete in the space 18 and the existing and hardened outer plate 11 can arise. To the intrusion of To prevent moisture here 100 percent, an outer plate 11th used, in which a bitumen-coated sheet 20 is already cast, the extends out of the surface. Since this sheet in the waterproof concrete is poured into the space 18 can Moisture only rise up to this sheet and from there no further crawl up along the outer plate 11. An alternative, but more complex Possibility is between the outer plate 11 and the foundation 1 to apply a surrounding bitumen rubber layer, which is also in the Intermediate space 18 protrudes and thus prevents the rise of moisture. This bitumen rubber layer 21 is also shown in the figure, wherein it are alternatives, which are usually not both at the same time applied, although they are shown here in a figure. This serves for illustration only.

After the concrete has been poured into the area 24 above the upper one Reinforcement 9 a smooth stroke of the concrete are carried out so that the Surface is brought into a condition that a screed is not necessary. This is particularly possible because the concrete is used in one Cast a blanket is already in place, even in bad weather enables this smooth stroke.

Figure 3 shows a concrete block 3 with the appropriately filled spaces 4. On the concrete block 3 there is a support element 21 which consists of a prefabricated concrete slab 22 and a double T-beam cast into it 23, also called IPE carrier, exists. This support element 21 supports it inner wall 2 to be positioned as a finished part. The support element 21 is like this trained that it stays under the area 24 and at the smooth stroke clean connection to the inner wall 2 results.

FIG. 4 shows the top view in FIG. 4a and the end view in FIG. 4b. Provided the basement is built in a groundwater area, so will be circulating around the plate 21 tapes 25 glued. There is also an additional one Sealing tape 26 along the web of the IPE carrier 23. Alternatively, a bitumen coated sheet (similar to sheet 20) on top of the sheet 21, outstanding from this, can be arranged.

Figure 5 shows a section through the basement according to Figure 2, however here an insulated double wall element 10 is used, which on the Inside of the outer plate 11 contains an insulating material 27. Instead of Foundation 1 and the filled space 4 and the concrete blocks 3 is here a load-bearing insulating plate 28 is arranged as a base. The remaining Measures are the same as those in connection with FIG. 2 were discussed. It should be noted that the bitumen-coated sheet 20 in this case protrudes accordingly far from the material 27, or one Bitumen rubber layer 29 correspondingly far in the water-impermeable Concrete protrudes.

In Figures 2, 3 and 5 is the concrete that is in one pour for the manufacture of the Ceiling, the outer walls and the base plate is brought out Not shown for reasons of clarity.

The seal between the individual outer plates 11 on the outside in the usual way through a bitumen layer and a suitable one Cover profile reached. Figure 6 shows two outer plates 11 of the Inside with the resulting bitumen-coated sheet 20. The Distance between the outer plates 11 is approximately 1 cm. So that a dense Connection of the sheets 20 in the two outer plates 11 is possible, they have a recess 33 in which one of the two before pouring concrete Sheets 20 connecting tab 34 is glued.

Through these measures described above, a watertight basement provided in a groundwater area can be built, and now finally a thermally insulated basement with an internal insulation on the outer wall is inexpensive to manufacture.

Claims (16)

Waterproof basement with double wall elements (10) as outer walls (31), which are supported with the inner wall plate (12) (inner plate) on the base plate and are made and poured with waterproof concrete together with the base plate (30), characterized in that the outer wall plate (11) (outer plate) is supported on a load-bearing layer (1, 28) as a foundation and the inner plate (12) on the reinforcement (5, 9) of the base plate. Water-impermeable basement according to claim 1, characterized in that a foundation strip (1) running around under the outer walls is arranged as the foundation and the intermediate space (4) is filled with a filling layer (32). Waterproof basement according to claim 2, characterized in that individual concrete blocks (3) are arranged as a foundation, preferably two per inner wall, for supporting the inner walls (2) under the base plate. Water-impermeable basement according to claim 1, characterized in that a load-bearing insulating plate (28), which rests on a compensating layer, is provided as the foundation. Waterproof basement according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that for supporting the inner walls (2) in the area of the base plate on the foundation (1, 28) individual prefabricated support elements (21) are arranged, which are in the base plate by a thin concrete layer (24 ) are covered, cast in. Waterproof basement according to claim 5, characterized in that the support elements (21) consist of a concrete slab (22) with cast-in double T-beam (23). Waterproof basement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcement (5, 9) of the base plate adjacent to the inner plate (12) has a circumferential surface made of expanded metal (19). Waterproof basement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer plate (11) near the lower end has a bitumen-coated sheet (20) which extends from the surface of the outer plate (11) into the intermediate space (18) filled with concrete between the outer plate (11) and the inner plate (12) protrudes and runs along the outer plate (11) parallel to the substrate. Water-impermeable basement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ceiling has prefabricated ceiling elements (17) which rest on the inner plate (12) and are concreted together with the outer walls (31) and the base plate (30). Method for producing a water-impermeable cellar by means of double wall elements (10) as outer walls (31), which after being placed on the floor slab or parts of the floor slab and / or floor foundation are poured with water-impermeable concrete and simultaneously produced in a composite with the floor slab, characterized by the following steps: A Concreting a peripheral edge as a foundation tire (1); B filling the intermediate space (4) with a filling (32) and smoothing the same; C arranging mat baskets (5) on the foundation (1) and the filling (32) along the foundation (1) without completely covering the foundation (1); D placing reinforcements in the remaining space and placing an upper reinforcement (9) on the mat baskets (5); E placing double wall elements (10) with a larger outer plate (11) and a smaller inner plate (12) with the outer plate (11) on the foundation (1) and with the inner plate (12) on the mat baskets (5); F attaching a circumferential barrier layer which is larger than the spread of the concrete used adjacent to the inner walls of the inner plates (12) facing the basement space on the mat baskets (5); G filling the intermediate space (18) between the outer plates (11) and the inner plates (12) of the double wall elements (10) with water-impermeable concrete and at the same time the mesh baskets (5) and the reinforcement arranged therebetween to produce a floor plate (30); H Smooth the surface of the bottom plate (30). A method according to claim 10, characterized in that, before step G, at least on the inner plates (12) finished ceiling elements (17) are placed and concreted together with the intermediate space (18) and the base plate (30). A method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that instead of step F, expanded metal (19) is placed on the mat baskets (5) or a barrier layer made of expanded metal (19) is arranged in front of the end resting on the foundation (1). Method according to one of the preceding claims 10 to 12, characterized in that for the arrangement of intermediate walls (2) in step A, at least two foundation blocks (3) are additionally concreted in the intermediate space (4) between the foundation strips (1) per intermediate wall (2) become. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that support elements (21) with cast-in double T-beams (23) are placed on the foundation blocks (3) in step D. Method according to one of the preceding claims (10 to 14), characterized in that double-wall elements (10) with outer plates (11) are used which have a bitumen-coated sheet metal (20) near the lower end which emerges from the surface of the outer plate (11) protrudes in the direction of the inner plate (12). Method according to one of the preceding claims 10 to 15, characterized in that double wall elements (10) with internal insulation (27) are used and instead of steps A and B load-bearing insulating panels (28) are placed on the flat surface.

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