FR2567249A1 - Self-combustion incinerator for household refuse and industrial waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The incinerator is a self-combustion incinerator operating without any addition of energy, in an intermittent or continuous fashion, allowing the efficient destruction of household refuse or waste of animal or vegetable origin. It comprises a compartment which shelters a hearth formed by four fixed grids 3 protected by four panels of refractory plates 2 separated by an air circulation space the base of which consists of two suspended movable grids 4 articulated like jaws, of various manual manoeuvring winches 5.19 and of loader 24 securely fastened to a movable flap 22 ensuring opening and closing of the loading orifice of the hearth; loading can thus be carried out in complete safety during combustion. Amongst the more beneficial applications of the incinerator, there may be mentioned the destruction of household refuse in mountain or seaside communities, whose population varies greatly according the season.

Description

 The present invention relates to a self-burning incinerator for household and miscellaneous animal or vegetable waste relating to industries or communities.

There are different types of incinerators which can be classified as follows 1. Incinerators operating with a supply of energy
they are expensive, both for purchase and for operation.

2. Incinerators operating without energy input
- With episodic burning
they require different cycles to destroy garbage or waste
loading, combustion, cooling, ash removal.

- With continuous burning
they require a power source for continuous charging, and
are therefore assimilated to incinerators of the first type.

The incinerator forming the subject of the present invention combines the advantages of type 2 devices; it can operate sporadically but also continuously for periods of 20 hours or more, without any energy input. The present invention allows daily destruction of large quantities of garbage or waste, the incinerator is no longer limited by the course of the various cycles imposed by known self-burning incinerators. This versatile design is particularly necessary for municipalities whose population varies significantly depending on the season (seaside resorts or winter sports)
TECHNICAL PRESENTATION
COCKPIT:
It is a traditional construction in entirely enclosed refractory concrete comprising - Two technical rooms (50) ensuring the isolation of the employee responsible for
operation of the incinerator, and housing in particular the various
manual winches and their attachments
. winch (19) with a power of 10 tonnes after hauling ensuring the function
loader operation,
winches (5) with worm gearbox (without return) ensuring the function
the movable hearth grates.

two mittens (25) fixed in the ceiling and allowing the return of ef
of the winch (19) towards the loader.

- A combustion chamber (51) housing the charging and
combustion closed by a double leaf door (15) made of steel, and comprising
both in the upper part, safety valves (16) constituted by
light metal plates fixed by rivets; the importance of these
plates and the number of rivets are determined according to the capacity of the
cininer.

a lifting assembly (17) fixed in the ceiling and comprising
a monorail consisting of an IPN - a hoist carriage
a set of static and removable anti-carbuncle filters (12) fixed
in the ceiling, consisting of a metal support covered with a mesh
in steel ; these filters are self-cleaning.

. a metal chimney anchoring support (26) embedded in the mass of the
ceiling tile,
. two mittens (27) serving as a return between the winch (19) and the container
of the loader (24) and fixed in the ceiling of the combustion chamber
tion, in line with the outer edges of the loader container.

FIREPLACE:
Its flared shape recalls the design of traditional stoves: it is made up of various elements - Four panels (2) formed of independent and interchangeable plates in
refractory materials: these plates are juxtaposed along flaps
metallic allowing free expansion; they hold in place by
their own weight along an inclined metal wall forming flaps - Four inclined fixed grids (3), consisting of a rigid metal frame
of; with at the top and over the entire length, a return, serving as
support; on this frame, are vertically welded plates, all in
refractory steel - A space called "drain" (8) is provided between the panels (2) and the
fixed grilles (3) promoting the circulation of fresh air along the hearth,
thus ensuring the cooling of the refractory grids and plates, and
smoke evacuation, while avoiding the possible accumulation of waste
or garbage along the walls of the hearth - Two mobile hanging grids (4) constituting the base of the hearth and
breezing like jaws; each of them is moved around two axes
short, using the winches (5) located in the technical room.

These grids are made up
. a rigid metal frame on which a metal mesh is welded
deployed,
two suspension arms,
all in refractory steel.

These elements are bolted together to make them integral and constitute the hearth, which rests in the space provided for this purpose in the interior slab of the combustion chamber, using the supports provided at the top of the fixed grates.

SMOKE RECOVERY UNIT
Located above the hearth, it promotes the draft, recovery and evacuation of smoke, upstream of the external chimney (13). In the form of a hood, this set consists of - three panels completely fixed and integral with the hearth, - a fourth panel also fixed and partially secured with the hearth of
since it includes a movable flap (22) opening onto the interior of the
foyer; this movable flap is integral with the movements of the loader by
through two arms articulated on an a: e (21).

The other panels are bolted together to make them integral and constitute the fume recovery hood (23) which has inside and in its upper part, a grid (28) made of a sheet metal from which have been previously cut out. LOADER variable draw holes
It is located inside the passenger compartment between the movable flap (22) and entry door (15); its upper part is located at the access ramp (29) in order to encourage the dumping of garbage or waste.

This loader consists of - a container (24) of particular shape and adapted to the structure of 1 '
aerator, sitting on the one hand, on a beam (30) serving to anchor the c
control of tilting of the container above the hearth, on the other hand
on two axes located at the end of two arms (20) integral to ensure
their perfect synchronization, and ensuring the movement of the container
the low position to a high position, necessary for the dumping of ord
res or waste in the hearth, - two arms (21) articulated around an axis ensuring the connection between the
content and the movable flap (22) and triggering the opening or closing
automatic of it according to the position of the loader.

The container is actuated by the winch (19) located in the technical room (50) by means of the mittens located in the combustion chamber and in the technical room.

EVACUATION OF ITS SMOKE
It is produced by a chimney (13) of variable height depending on the layout of the incinerator, with a truncated-conical base surmounted by a venturi which promotes the dilution of the fumes.

The operation is as follows 1. Positioning at the bottom of the hearth (the movable grates (4) being closed)
some newspapers and crates.

2. Spill in the hearth, garbage or waste contained in the story
loader, using the control winch (19).

3. Returning the container (24) to the low position, causing the vo to close
mobile let (22).

4. Closing of the swing doors (r5) of the passenger compartment.

5. Lighting the newspapers with a match.

Following the five operations, the incinerator is in autonomous operation, the combustion of garbage or waste stored in the hearth is carried out without any other intervention.

In the case of continuous operation, the hearth is filled progressively and during combustion, under the following conditions 1. Opening of the swinging doors (15) for filling the container (24) by
direct dumping of a bucket or the like.

2. Closing of the hinged doors (15).

3. Spillage of garbage or waste contained in the container
(24) using a control winch (19) driving in parallel
automatic opening of the movable flap (22d.

4. Returning the container (24) to the low position, causing the closure of the vo
mobile let (22).

At the end of combustion, opening the grates (4) 9 using the winches (5) in order to evacuate the residual chews.

After closing the movable grates (4) the incinerator is again in working order.

The construction of this incinerator is carried out on the site chosen with regard to the passenger compartment, using any local company; all the other elements made of steel or refractory materials are produced in series, therefore industrially, to be mounted directly on site, simply and quickly, being a simple assembly.

F7GURES FOR VESCRIPTON: 7 / 4- 2 / 4- 3 / 4- 4/4
PLATE 1/4
Longitudinal section showing in the passenger compartment (51) the combustion hearth (1) with the fixed grates (3) and the movable grates (4) operated by two; winches (5) located in one of the technical rooms (50) - the loader with the two arms (20) ensuring the movement of the container (24) - the arm (21) controlling the opening and closing of the movable flap ( 22) when moving the loader container - the loader operating winch (19) the lifting hoist (17) - the pulling grid (28).

PLATE 2/4
Plan of the combustion chamber (51) with a view of the hearth (1) comprising the movable grates (4), the fixed grates (3), the refractory panels (2), the loader container (24) with the two arms (20) ensuring movement - the opening direction of the access door with two leaves (15).

PLATE 3/4:
Plan of the combustion chamber (51) and technical rooms (50) including the location of the hearth (1) of two maneuvering winches (5) of the movable grates (4) and of the loader maneuvering winch (19 ).

PLATE 4/4
Longitudinal section along a perpendicular plane 9 that of the
board 1/4.

Claims (6)

1. Incinerator of household and miscellaneous animal or vegetable waste  for industries or communities, which can work equally  intermittently or continuously and without any energy input, ca  characterized in that it includes a passenger compartment (50-51), a combustion hearth  (1), a loader (18), a draft grate (28) and an outdoor chimney  flue gas outlet (13). 2. Incinerator according to claim 1 characterized in that the doors of  closing (15) of the passenger compartment include safety valves (16)  both in case of overpressure or deflagration inside the incineration  the incinerator is damaged. 3. Incinerator according to claim 1 or 2 characterized by controls  remote manual (5) to eliminate residual chews from the  combustion hearth (1). 4. Incinerator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that  that the loader (18) allows the storage of garbage or waste, and com  carries under its container (24) two articulated arms secured on two axes  (20) and on the upper part of its container two articulated arms (21)  connected to a mobile shutter (22) remotely controlled by a manual winch  can be electrified (19) while ensuring safety  filling the hearth (1) during combustion and maintaining per  handles high temperatures in the home. 5. Incinerator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that  that the draft grid (28) is located within a hood located in  upstream of the external smoke evacuation chimney (13) to regulate  the draft within the combustion chamber. 6. Incinerator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that  that the external smoke evacuation chimney (13) has a base  tapered, the chimney is surmounted by a venturi, to dilute the smoke.