FR2552869A1 - Warhead with sequential hollow charges - Google Patents

Warhead with sequential hollow charges Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2552869A1
FR2552869A1 FR7913557A FR7913557A FR2552869A1 FR 2552869 A1 FR2552869 A1 FR 2552869A1 FR 7913557 A FR7913557 A FR 7913557A FR 7913557 A FR7913557 A FR 7913557A FR 2552869 A1 FR2552869 A1 FR 2552869A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
charge
main
shaped charge
military head
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR7913557A
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French (fr)
Other versions
FR2552869B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Coisplet
Alain Kerdraon
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Direction General pour lArmement DGA
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Direction General pour lArmement DGA
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Publication date
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Priority to FR7913557A priority Critical patent/FR2552869B1/en
Publication of FR2552869A1 publication Critical patent/FR2552869A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2552869B1 publication Critical patent/FR2552869B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/032—Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the material of the liner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
    • F42B12/18—Hollow charges in tandem arrangement

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The technical field of the invention is that of warheads comprising several hollow charges. The warhead according to the invention is constituted by a main hollow charge 1, disposed in front part of the warhead, capable of generating a high-speed jet and a core reduced to the pulverulent state, and by a secondary hollow charge 2 of reduced calibre disposed in the axis and to the rear of the main charge 1. This secondary charge 2 is set off after the main charge 1 with a predetermined delay. Application to the piercing of single, laminated, composite or active armour platings.

Description

La présente invention concerne un perfectionnement aux
,utlllsees, têtes militaires o notamment dans les obus, roquettes et missiles pour agresser les chars de bataille > ,que leur blindage soit simple, feuilleté, composite ou actif.The present invention relates to an improvement to
, utlllsees, military heads o notably in shells, rockets and missiles to attack battle tanks>, whether their armor is simple, laminated, composite or active.

On connait déjà des dispositifs ayant fait l'objet de brevets comme les têtes militaires décrites dans le brevet américain n04 004-515 et dans le brevet Franchais P.V. 75 14 091
Le premier document est relatif à une tête militaire constituée de deux charges creuses coaxiales à détonation sequentielle, la charge la plus proche de la cible, appelée deuxième charge, détonant la dernière, son sommet étant évidé pour permettre le passage du jet de la charge arrière, appelée première charge, qui détone la première. Un système mécanique d'initiation par projection assure un retard entre la fin de la détonation de la première charge et le début de la détonation de la deuxième charge. Un tel dispositif présente certains inconvénients.En effet, la mise en oeuvre de ce type de solution est délicate en raison de l'absolue nécessité de réaliser une reprise de la déto- nation issue de la première charge pour amorcer la deuxième de façon rigoureusement isotrope, et de maitriser les propagations de chocs parasites dans l'enveloppe extérieure. Il s'ensuit malgré des tolérances de fabrication rigoureuses une dispersion importante des performances.There are already known devices which have been the subject of patents such as the military heads described in the American patent n04 004-515 and in the Franchais patent PV 75 14 091
The first document relates to a military head consisting of two coaxial hollow charges with sequential detonation, the charge closest to the target, called the second charge, detonating the last, its top being hollowed out to allow the passage of the jet of the rear charge , called the first charge, which detonates the first. A mechanical initiation system by projection ensures a delay between the end of the detonation of the first charge and the start of the detonation of the second charge. Such a device has certain drawbacks. Indeed, the implementation of this type of solution is difficult because of the absolute necessity of carrying out a recovery of the detonation from the first charge to initiate the second in a strictly isotropic manner. , and to control the propagation of parasitic shocks in the outer envelope. It follows, despite strict manufacturing tolerances, a significant dispersion in performance.

Le type de tête militaire décrit dans le deuxième document est également constitué d'une double charge creuse réalisée de façon à ce que la charge qui détone en premier lieu (petite charge) est située à l'avant du projectile. Le calibre de cette première charge reste nettement inférieur à celui de la deuxième charge (charge principale) qui est supposée agresser la quasi totalité de la protection dès lors que le blindage rencontré est un blindage classique homogène en acier ou en alliage léger.En fait, il s'avère que d'une part le calibre envisagé pour la charge avant ne permet pas de désorganiser les configurations les plus modernes des blindages actifs et que d'autre part dans le cas des blindages homogènes en acier le premier canal de faible diamètre,pratiqué par la petite charge1 constitue un handicap supplémentaire et important pour le pouvoir perforant de la charge principale,ceci à cause de l'anisotropie du milieu rencontré. Par ailleurs, on doit envisager une protection effica ce de la charge principale ce qui accroit de façon importante la masse totale de la tête militaire
La présente invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients des systèmes décrits précédemment.On cherche à réaliser une tête militaire qui assure simultanément: - un niveau très élevé et une reproductibilité satisfaisante des
performances face à l'ensemble des protections modernes et plus
classiques; - une masse totale de la tête militaire comparable à celle des
têtes à charge unique) - une amélioration des paramètres balistiques de la munition.The type of military head described in the second document also consists of a double hollow charge produced so that the charge which detonates in the first place (small charge) is located at the front of the projectile. The caliber of this first charge remains significantly lower than that of the second charge (main charge) which is supposed to attack almost all of the protection as soon as the shielding encountered is a conventional homogeneous shielding of steel or light alloy. it turns out that, on the one hand, the caliber envisaged for the front load does not allow the most modern configurations of active armor to be disorganized and, on the other hand, in the case of homogeneous armor made of steel, the first small diameter channel, practiced by the small charge1 constitutes an additional and significant handicap for the perforating power of the main charge, this because of the anisotropy of the medium encountered. In addition, effective protection of the main load must be considered, which significantly increases the total mass of the military head.
The present invention aims to remedy the drawbacks of the systems described above. We seek to produce a military head which simultaneously ensures: - a very high level and satisfactory reproducibility of
performance against all modern protections and more
classics; - a total mass of the military head comparable to that of
single charge heads) - improved ballistic parameters of ammunition.

La présente invention concerne donc une tête militaire constituée par une charge creuse principale, disposée à la partie avant de la tête militaire, capable d'engendrer un jet à grande vitesse et un noyau réduit à l'état pulvérulent ,et par une charge creuse secondaire de calibre réduit disposée dans l'axe et à l'arrière de la charge principale. Cette charge secondaire étant initiée après la charge principale avec un retard déterminé
Selon une autre caractéristique, la charge creuse principale comporte un revêtement bimétallique composé: intérieurement par du métal ou un alliage métallique à haute plasticité dynamique et, extérieurement par une poudre métallique enrobée dans un liant organique.La charge creuse secondaire comporte un revêtement en métal ou en alliage métallique à haute plasticité dynamique.D'autrescaractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit et qui est faite en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel la figure unique représente une coupe longitudinale du dispositif selon l'invention.The present invention therefore relates to a military head constituted by a main hollow charge, disposed at the front part of the military head, capable of generating a jet at high speed and a reduced nucleus in the pulverulent state, and by a secondary hollow charge of reduced caliber arranged in the axis and at the rear of the main load. This secondary charge being initiated after the main charge with a determined delay
According to another characteristic, the main hollow charge comprises a bimetallic coating composed: internally by metal or a metal alloy with high dynamic plasticity and, externally by a metallic powder coated in an organic binder. The secondary hollow charge comprises a coating of metal or in metallic alloy with high dynamic plasticity. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows and which is made with reference to the appended drawing in which the single figure represents a longitudinal section of the device according to the invention.

L'exemple traité se rapporte à une tête militaire antichar utilisée notamment dans les obusroquettes et missiles. The example treated relates to an anti-tank military head used in particular in obusroquettes and missiles.

La charge explosive de la tête militaire consiste en deux charges creuses 1 et 2. La première charge 1rappelée par la suite charge principale, utilise la totalité du calibre de la munition. Elle est située à l'avant de la tête militaire et, elle est suivie de la seconde charge 2,appelée secondaire,de cali bre réduit. La charge principale 1 possède un revêtement 3 constitué par la superposition - d'un revêtement intérieur 4 en matériau homogène à haute plas
ticité dynamique tel du cuivre de haute pureté, ou du laiton à
grain fin ou un alliage métallique comme par exemple en alliage
eutectique aluminium - zinc - et d'un revêtement extérieur 5 situé en contact avec ltexplosif
6.De manière à éviter la formation de noyau compact qui amoin
drirait le pouvoir perforant de la deuxième charge, on utilise
un revêtement extérieur 5 réalisé en matériau compacté comme
une poudre métallique enrobée dans un liant organique, et plus précisement mais pas limitativement de la poudre de titane ou de
cuivre enrobée dans un liant polytétrafluoréthylène ou acétate
de polyvinyle, le pourcentage en masse de poudre métallique
étant compris entre 85 et 95%. The explosive charge of the military head consists of two hollow charges 1 and 2. The first charge 1, subsequently called the main charge, uses the entire caliber of the ammunition. It is located at the front of the military head and is followed by the second load 2, called secondary, of reduced caliber. The main load 1 has a coating 3 constituted by the superimposition - of an interior coating 4 of homogeneous material with high plas
dynamic ticity such as high purity copper, or brass with
fine grain or a metal alloy such as an alloy
aluminum - zinc - eutectic and an external coating 5 located in contact with the explosive
6.To avoid the formation of a compact core which
would say the perforating power of the second charge, we use
an outer covering 5 made of compacted material such as
a metal powder coated in an organic binder, and more precisely but not limited to titanium powder or
copper coated in a polytetrafluoroethylene or acetate binder
polyvinyl, the percentage by mass of metallic powder
being between 85 and 95%.

A l'arrivée de la munition au voisinage de l'objectif, et à la distance d'action optimum, une fusée de proche proximité 8 provoque la mise à feu de la charge principale 1. Cette charge a un pouvoir perforant élevé supérieur à 7 calibres de revêtement dans de l'acier homogène. Son efficacité est suffisante pour détruire toutes les protections de type classique. Dans le cas des blindages à séquences : blindages à refermeture de cratère (verre ou céramique), blindages actifs à projection de plaque par explosif, la charge principale assure au moins la destruction des protections dynamiques. La structure du char est sinon perforée, tout au moins découverte, ou fortement affaiblie. De plus, le noyau provenant de la charge principale 1 étant réduit à l'état pulvéruîent,l'efficacité totale de la charge secondaire 2 pourra être utilisée pour perforer entièrement le blindage. When the ammunition arrives in the vicinity of the objective, and at the optimum action distance, a close proximity rocket 8 causes the main charge 1 to ignite. This charge has a high perforating power greater than 7 coating sizes in homogeneous steel. Its effectiveness is sufficient to destroy all conventional protections. In the case of sequence shields: crater reclosing shields (glass or ceramic), active shields with explosive plate projection, the main charge ensures at least the destruction of dynamic protections. The tank structure is otherwise perforated, at least uncovered, or greatly weakened. In addition, the core coming from the main charge 1 being reduced to the pulverulent state, the total efficiency of the secondary charge 2 could be used to fully perforate the shielding.

La charge secondaire 2 est composée d'un revêtement 9 en métal comme par exemple du cuivre de haute pureté, ou du laiton à grain très fin ou un alliage eutectique aluminium - zinc projeté grâce à la charge explosive 10 amorcée de façon connue par un générateur d'onde annulaire 11. L'amorçage de la charge secondaire 2 est réalisée 200 à 600 microsecondes après l'amorcage de la charge principale 1 grâce à un dispositif connu et non représenté. La charge secondaire engendre un jet de diamètre restreint et compatible avec le diamètre de perforation de la charge principale. Son pouvoir perforant assure ainsi la perfora tioll de la paroi-structure du char. Pour ce faire, la charge creuse secondaire a un calibre compris entre 0,4 et 0,8 fois le calibre de la charge creuse principale. The secondary charge 2 is composed of a coating 9 made of metal such as, for example, high-purity copper, or very fine-grained brass or an aluminum-zinc eutectic alloy projected by the explosive charge 10 initiated in a known manner by a generator annular wave 11. The priming of the secondary charge 2 is carried out 200 to 600 microseconds after the priming of the main charge 1 by means of a known device and not shown. The secondary charge generates a jet of small diameter compatible with the perforation diameter of the main charge. Its perforating power thus ensures the perfora tioll of the tank structure wall. To do this, the secondary shaped charge has a rating between 0.4 and 0.8 times the rating of the main shaped charge.

Pour conserver l'efficacité maximale de la charge secondaire, il est nécessaire de protéger cette dernière contre les effets dus à la charge principale. Pour ce faire, la charge secondaire est disposée dans un boîtier 12 en alliage léger, ou acier d'épaisseur suffisante. To maintain the maximum efficiency of the secondary load, it is necessary to protect the latter against the effects due to the main load. To do this, the secondary charge is placed in a housing 12 of light alloy, or steel of sufficient thickness.

La disposition de la tête militaire selon l'invention offre en outre l'avantage d'améliorer la stabilité balistique du projectile, la masse la plus élevée étant placée la plus en avant de la tête militaire. The arrangement of the military head according to the invention also offers the advantage of improving the ballistic stability of the projectile, the highest mass being placed furthest from the military head.

Comme il va de soi, l'exemple décrit ne constitue qu 'un mode particulier de réalisation. Tout changement de proportions, de formes pourrait être adopté sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.  It goes without saying that the example described is only one particular embodiment. Any change in proportions, shapes could be adopted without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

REVENDICATIONS 1) Tête militaire destinée en particulier à l'agression des chars1) Military head intended in particular for the aggression of the tanks de bataille ayant un blindage simple, feuilleté, composite ou with simple, laminated, composite or actif caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée par active characterized in that it is constituted by - une charge creuse principale, disposée à la partie avant de - a main hollow charge, placed at the front part of la tête militaire capable d'engendrer un jet à grande vites the military head capable of generating a jet at high speed se et un noyau réduit à l'état pulvérulent. and a nucleus reduced to a pulverulent state. 0,4 à 0,8 fois le calibre de la charge creuse principale. 0.4 to 0.8 times the caliber of the main shaped charge. que la charge creuse secondaire a un calibre compris entre that the secondary shaped charge has a rating between cette dernière avec un retard déterminé the latter with a determined delay 2) Tête militaireXselon la revendication 1caractérisée en ce2) Military head according to claim 1 characterized in that l'axe et à l'arrière de la charge principale, initiée après the axis and behind the main load, initiated after - une charge creuse secondaire de calibre réduit disposée dans - a secondary hollow charge of reduced caliber placed in 3) Tête militairesselon une des revendications lou 2,caractérisée3) Military head according to one of claims lou 2, characterized en ce que le retard entre l'initiation de la charge creuse in that the delay between the initiation of the shaped charge principale et de la charge creuse secondaire est compris entre main and secondary shaped charge is between 200 et 600 microsecondes. 200 and 600 microseconds. 4) Tête militaire, selon une des revendications 1 à 3,caractérisée4) military head, according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized en ce que la charge creuse principale comporte un revêtement in that the main shaped charge has a coating bimétallique composé  bimetallic compound - intérieurement par du métal ou un alliage métallique à haute - internally by metal or a high-alloy metal plasticité dynamique, dynamic plasticity, - extérieurement par une poudre métallique enrobée dans un - externally with a metallic powder coated in a liant organique. organic binder. 5) Tête militaire, selon une des revendicatiorsprécédentescaracté- 5) Military head, according to one of the previous claims character- risée en ce que le revêtement bimétallique de la charge creuse laughing at the fact that the bimetallic coating of the shaped charge principale est composé : main is composed: - intérieurement par du cuivre de haute pureté, ou du laiton - internally by high purity copper, or brass à grain très fin ou un alliage eutectique aluminium - zinc very fine grain or an aluminum - zinc eutectic alloy - extérieurement par de la poudre de titane ou de cuivre enro - externally with titanium or enro copper powder bée dans un liant polytétrafluoréthylène ou d'acétate de open in a polytetrafluoroethylene or acetate binder polyvinyle,le pourcentage en masse de poudre métallique polyvinyl, the percentage by mass of metallic powder étant compris entre 85 et 95%.  being between 85 and 95%. 6) Tête militaire,selon l'une des revendications précédentes,6) military head, according to one of the preceding claims, caractérisée en ce que la charge creuse secondaire comporte characterized in that the secondary shaped charge comprises un revêtement en métal ou alliage métallique à haute plastici a coating in metal or metal alloy with high plasticity té dynamique. dynamic tee. 7) Tête militaire selon une des revendications précédentes carac7) military head according to one of the preceding claims charac térisée en ce que le revêtement de la charge creuse secondaire that the coating of the secondary shaped charge est en cuivre de haute pureté, en laiton à grain très fin is made of high purity copper, very fine grain brass ou en alliage eutectique aluminium - zinc.  or an aluminum - zinc eutectic alloy.
FR7913557A 1979-05-29 1979-05-29 MILITARY HEAD WITH HOLLOW SEQUENCE LOADS Expired FR2552869B1 (en)

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FR2552869B1 FR2552869B1 (en) 1987-01-16

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2583156A1 (en) * 1985-06-07 1986-12-12 Thomson Brandt Armements Hollow-charge head intended for piercing armour protected by active pre-armour
FR2603375A1 (en) * 1986-08-26 1988-03-04 Matra Manurhin Defense Dual charge munition - with proximity fuse for shaped charge in front of retarded hollow charge
US5003883A (en) * 1990-07-23 1991-04-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Lightweight blast shield
US5561261A (en) * 1995-09-15 1996-10-01 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Tandem warhead with a secondary projectile
US5565647A (en) * 1991-05-24 1996-10-15 Giat Industries Warhead with sequential shape charges
EP1241433A3 (en) * 2001-03-16 2003-10-22 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Liner for a shaped charge
DE4137471B4 (en) * 1990-03-29 2004-09-16 Giat Industries Military warhead
WO2009126087A1 (en) * 2008-04-08 2009-10-15 Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut Shaped charge and shaped charge liner for a shaped charge
US9605935B1 (en) * 1989-01-26 2017-03-28 Qinetiq Limited Multi-charge munitions, incorporating hole-boring charge assemblies
GB2610791A (en) * 2009-01-23 2023-03-22 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Procedure for directional warhead and warhead therefore

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2605703A (en) * 1944-07-06 1952-08-05 Du Pont Liner for hollow charges
US2804823A (en) * 1955-05-13 1957-09-03 Jablansky Louis Multiple unit projectile
DE2046372A1 (en) * 1970-09-19 1972-03-23 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Hollow charge - with conical shaper kept in charge contact by springs and adhesive intermediate layer
DE2110586A1 (en) * 1971-03-05 1972-12-14 Battelle Institut E V Order to combat armored targets
FR2425047A1 (en) * 1978-05-05 1979-11-30 Saint Louis Inst Explosive charge - has a cone at one end filled with superplastic alloy
FR2522805A1 (en) * 1978-06-20 1983-09-09 Saint Louis Inst Explosive, hollow charge with metal lining - designed to eliminate terminal compact core of jet charge during explosion

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2605703A (en) * 1944-07-06 1952-08-05 Du Pont Liner for hollow charges
US2804823A (en) * 1955-05-13 1957-09-03 Jablansky Louis Multiple unit projectile
DE2046372A1 (en) * 1970-09-19 1972-03-23 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Hollow charge - with conical shaper kept in charge contact by springs and adhesive intermediate layer
DE2110586A1 (en) * 1971-03-05 1972-12-14 Battelle Institut E V Order to combat armored targets
FR2425047A1 (en) * 1978-05-05 1979-11-30 Saint Louis Inst Explosive charge - has a cone at one end filled with superplastic alloy
FR2522805A1 (en) * 1978-06-20 1983-09-09 Saint Louis Inst Explosive, hollow charge with metal lining - designed to eliminate terminal compact core of jet charge during explosion

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2583156A1 (en) * 1985-06-07 1986-12-12 Thomson Brandt Armements Hollow-charge head intended for piercing armour protected by active pre-armour
FR2603375A1 (en) * 1986-08-26 1988-03-04 Matra Manurhin Defense Dual charge munition - with proximity fuse for shaped charge in front of retarded hollow charge
US9605935B1 (en) * 1989-01-26 2017-03-28 Qinetiq Limited Multi-charge munitions, incorporating hole-boring charge assemblies
DE4137471B4 (en) * 1990-03-29 2004-09-16 Giat Industries Military warhead
US5003883A (en) * 1990-07-23 1991-04-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Lightweight blast shield
US5565647A (en) * 1991-05-24 1996-10-15 Giat Industries Warhead with sequential shape charges
US5561261A (en) * 1995-09-15 1996-10-01 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Tandem warhead with a secondary projectile
EP1241433A3 (en) * 2001-03-16 2003-10-22 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Liner for a shaped charge
WO2009126087A1 (en) * 2008-04-08 2009-10-15 Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut Shaped charge and shaped charge liner for a shaped charge
GB2610791A (en) * 2009-01-23 2023-03-22 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Procedure for directional warhead and warhead therefore
GB2610791B (en) * 2009-01-23 2024-04-10 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Procedure for directional warhead and warhead therefore

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Publication number Publication date
FR2552869B1 (en) 1987-01-16

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