FR2537539A1 - CONTROL DEVICE FOR OBTAINING STEPS, VARIABLE CONSTANT AND NOT SINUSOIDAL VARIABLE OF A PROPELLER FOR THE PROPULSION AND GOVERNANCE OF A VESSEL - Google Patents

Abstract

CONTROL DEVICE FOR OBTAINING THE CONSTANT VARIABLE STEPS AND SINUSOIDAL VARIABLE STEPS OF A PROPELLER, FOR THE PROPULSION AND STEERING OF A VESSEL. THE INVENTION CONCERNS DEVICES ACTING ON VARIABLE PITCH TYPE PROPELLERS. A CONTROL MECHANISM B SOLIDARITY OF A PROPELLER SHAFT A IN WHICH THE N AXES PASS, CONTROLS THE ORIENTATION OF THE BLADES. A 0 TREE, ABLE TO MOVE, ALLOWS DIFFERENT STEPS. IT IS HOUSED IN A BLOCK-CYLINDER G WHICH CAN ENTER INTO ROTATION. SHAFT 0 MOVES IN TRANSLATION OR LATERAL UNDER THE PULSE OF TWO Z PISTONS AND M. THE ROTATIONS OF THE N AXES ARE THEN EQUAL OR NOT EQUAL BETWEEN THEM AND THEN THE CONSTANT OR SINUSOIDAL STEP OF THE PROPELLER IS OBTAINED. THE VESSEL INCLUDES TWO DEVICES LOCATED IN TWO APPENDICES ON THE PORT AND STARBOARD, UNDER THE HELL IN THE FIRST THIRD FORWARD. ACCORDING TO THE DIFFERENT STEPS, THE RESULTS OF PROPULSIONS, GOVERNING OR LATERAL MOVEMENT OF THE VESSEL ARE OBTAINED. IN ITS APPLICATION, THE INVENTION CONCERNS SHIPS THAT HAVE TO MANEUVER WITH PRECISION.

Description

I DESCRIPTIOI

  The present invention relates to the propellers of the t Vpe with variable pitch which

  allow the transmitted power variations to be

  a change of merchant ship.

  In devices of this kind known up to now, one can not.

  than to change the pace by acting as the same manfiere Mgale on all the blades. The mnavire is then equipped with a rudder allowing it to perform the

  desired, but limited, developments

can be obtained.

  The propeller according to the invention makes it possible to solve these problems.

  is associated with a control device that makes it possible to obtain the

  reliable and sinusoidal pitch allowing all evolutions of the ship.

  The device has the external appearance of FIG. 1 The flywheel B is secured to the propeller shaft A It is supported by two bearings J and K The bearing J comprises a strong diamtre bore D allowing the shaft O to

  to move laterally in the steering wheel The tree O is supported pav the block

  G cylinder, and is coupled to a pistom Z. The cylinder block G is supported by an axis implanted in the bearing bodies I and J, on which it is free in rotation but fixed in translation It undergoes a semirotation mnuvement when it is urged by the piston M ,, CO by an oil pressure This pressure distribution is regulated 6 e

  by a drawer L which is solicited by the command E The drawer L is asser-

  The piston block G undergoes a rotation giving an angular displacement as a function of the displacement of the piston M, the piston rod C and its connecting rod are anchored on the cylinder block G by a clevis

  This displacement of the cylinder block G makes it possible to obtain the sinuous pitch

  Soidal of the helix Q. The displacement in translation of the shaft O is obtained by hydraulic pressure on the piston Z This displacement is regulated in the same way as for the piston M displacements in translation and in eccentricity

  of the tree O are the basis of the operation of the system The steps of the

  are dependent on the magnitude of these displacements The tree O (fig 5)

  supports a ring 20 on which are implanted bearings 32 suppor-

  The ring 20 is freely rotatiomed but fixed in

  translation The ball joints are calibrated at 902 relative to one another.

  Between the two flanges of the steering wheel B (fig 5) are mounted four groups of

  pes two frames (repr 22) These four groups of two frames are wedges

  at 90 and in agreement with the ball joints 32.

  Each group of frames is mounted as in FIG 7 The male frame 29 is fitted with friction in the female frame 22 They are linked between them by the axes 30 One of these axes comprises a bevel gear (27)

  located on one of the internal faces of the male frame (29).

  The axes (30) are integral with the female frame (22), but they are

  free in rotation in the male frame (29) A second pinion (28) for-

  orthogonal torque with the pinion (27) The pinion (28) is keyed on

  the shaft (33) which passes through the male frame (29) in a socket

  xe (33) is free to rotate in the frame m Sle (29) The other axis (33) opposite the first is fixed on the male frame (29) The pins (33) are implanted in bearings, located on the flanges of the steering wheel (B),

  as in fig 6; they are free to rotate in these pads.

  The axis (33) which% u 1 is integral with the pinion (28), supports a spur gear (2 I) which is secured to it by keying. This pinion i right toothed meshes with a straight pin-on sector, who is himself tagged on a

  axis (N) This axis (N) goes to the hub of the propeller through the shaft

  helle (A) The pair of spur gears has a ratio multiplier equal to two (Only one group of frames and one ball joint are in fig 6,

this for the clarity of the drawing).

  In the propeller hub, we have keyed bevel gears

  on the axes (N) fig 8 which are orthogonally coupled to the conical pinions

  The female frame (22), Fig. 5, comprises a guide tube (37). This tube lies in a plane orthogonal to that where

  located the axes supporting the male frame (29) fig 6 The levers of ro 9 u-

  the 26, come to slip smoothly in the guide tubes (37>.

  A link no; rigid is thus ensured between the support of ball joints (20)

  and frames (22) The ball-and-socket support ring has an arm

  (23) which is arranged along the bisector formed by the

  wedge rod with two ball joints This drive arm is inserted into the bore of an axle (25) sliding in two bushings located Aes in the flanges of the flywheel (B) The arm (23) is sliding in the axis (25)

  when the flywheel turns and the shaft O is eccentric The arm (93) engages

  draws the support of ball joints when the steering wheel turns.

  When the ball joint support (20) comes from O in O fig 9, we have

  see a slight rotation of the support point (a) comes in (b), we

  have the new position of the ball joint that has turned a certain

  angle The ball levers occupy a position such that

  For each rotation of 90 of the drive arm (23), the different positions of the ball joint support are given by the

  10 and 11 and then return to the position of FIG.

  We find that the inclinations of the knuckle levers are

  These inclinations are always positive in the direction of the operation of the device The cyclic pitch is thus obtained, it reproduces in a sinuso da / for each blade We can trace the sinus Ode of each blade , starting from points Cd, ef, of fig 9 to the axis of the abscissae materializes then the constant variable pitch obtained in -prpulsion which is a constant for a determined notch The sinusoldes then show the variations of step,

  relative to this constant, the starting points of the drawing drawing -

  are positive or negative depending on the positive or negative rotations

  printed by the inclinations of the levers 26 on the axes (33)

fig 9, supporting the pinions 28.

  FIG. 5 shows the arrangement of the pinions (27) in the arrangement

  Actually, by moving the shaft (0)

  Forward translation of the vessel according to the arrow IMI) fig 7, the

  gnons (28) will rotate in the direction (ft) The axes (N) will rotate in the direction (f 4) fig 8) The axes 34 of the blade roots will turn in the direction (f 5) The héelice rotates following the arrow (f 6) We then meet the conditions to obtain the displacement of the vessel running Forward by reaction of the blades on the liquid This is shown in Fig 19 p by the position of the blades I and 2 The reasoning is the same for understand the action of the port control device on the blades of the propeller The blades then occupy the positions 3 and 4 of Figure 19 The propellers are convergent and

  always turn in the same direction regardless of the maneuver performed.

  In FIG. 13 we have materialized the control devices ba

  Only the pinions (28) occupying the posi-

  vertically and the corresponding ball levers.

  levers through this position act of appreciable value.

  ble on the pinions (26) during the eccentricity of the shaft (0).

  In Fig. 13, the arrows indicate the direction of rotation of the pins.

  gnons to get the march forward If the shaft (0) is offset from o to o 'on the starboard device, we have:

  a rotation of the upper gear printed by the rotary lever

  This rotation amplifies the angular value obtained for walking.

Before.

  a rotation of the lower gear printed by the rotary lever

  This rotation decreases the angular value obtained for walking.

  Before If the shaft O is eccentric from o to ol on the port device, we have:

  A rotation of the upper gear printed by the ball joint lever.

  This rotation decreases the angular value obtained for the forward movement.

  a rotation of the lower pinion printed by the ball joint lever.

  This rotation amplifies the angular value obtained for walking forward.

  These results have the effect of modifying the pitch of the blades, tributary

  res, of the angular value taken during the rotation of the pinions 28.

  These variations of pitch are specified in Fig. 13, by the plus and minus signs. This results in the blades considered new.

R and RI reactions (Fig 19 Fig 25).

  The vessel then comes to starboard under the effect of the results obtained.

  By analyzing the I, 9, 25, 149, 20, 26, 5, 21, 27-

  16, 229 28 17, 23, 2 and IP 8 249 30 -by groups of three we understand

  all the possibilities of evolutions of the ship.

  If we develop the cases above, we realize

  that the ship can move along 360 circumference.

  The rudder of the ship is obtained by the steering wheel (3) which causes the

  lateral placement of the trees (0) in the same direction.

  The lateral displacement of the ship is obtained by the steering wheel (I 3) damaged

  causes the trees (0) to move in opposite directions

  orthogonal way, the flywheel (3 "rotates the screw (5) with

  that the carriage (I) then moves in translation on the slide (2).

  The screw (6) is supported by the carriage and bearings The groove of

  key (16) allows the translation of the screw (6) in its pinion

  The nuts (7) are fixed in rotation.

  The rotation of the flywheel (3) causes the carriage (T) to move, the nuts (7) are then driven in a same direction. The levers (12) coupled to the nuts (7) by the pins (8) rotate and urge the orthogonal references (15) The control axes (I 7) then act on the

  tie-rods (E) attached to the drawer controls (L) Your distribution drawers

  then oil pressure on the one or the other side of the pistons (? e).

  The two cylinder blocks (G) rotate to eccentrate in the same direction the two shafts (0), the cases of Figures 13, 14, 15, and 16

  The drawers are then controlled by the pistons (v).

  Through a pair of spur gears (14), the flywheel (I 3) controls the rotation of the screw (6) which has two opposite-pitched steps. The nuts (7) move in opposite directions. The two drawers will then move.

  in opposite directions causing the opposite displacment of the two pistons (L).

  The two cylinder blocks (G) are rotated in opposite directions.

  case of Fig 17 and IF are then made for trees (0).

  The: drives in translation of the shafts (0) are obtained by the action of the levers (I 0) coupled to the disks (9) supporting the stops (II) fig 4

  Under the impulse of the levers (I 0) the two orthogonal pairs (19)

  rotate in order to control the axes (I 8) which act on the coulidseaux (W) hitched to the controls of the drawers; this is done by the rods (M) The drawer controls are free to rotate on the

  They can thus follow the rotations printed on the blocks.

  cylinders (G) The drawers distribute oil pressure on one or

  the other side of the pistons (Z) attached to the shafts (0)

  IO ments obtained are made in the direction of the arrows (f) or (f I) fig 7.

  The stops (II) of the discs (9) are intended to limit the values of the rudders of the ship The sinusoidal steps thus obtained can not in their maximum point exceed the pitch printed for the propulsion One of the discs is coupled to the one of the levers by a pair of pinions I 5 rights This assembly is imperative to have permanently a stop in

  appropriate position, as defined in FIGS. 3 to 36.

  A single stop regulates the movements of the nuts (7), these g-

  synchronized by the screw (6) The levers (I 2) and the disoues (9) are

  mounted on the same axis and separated by spacers.

  To obtain the lateral displacement of the ship, the steering wheel (I 3) is

  turned once and for all on the right side whether for

  port or starboard positions The point O of the steering wheel (I 3) is materiali-

  An index finger is attached to one of the nuts (7) and in front of a mark o of the On Dm frame. It may be noted that it is always the lever located on the side of the berth that is in motion. (I 3) can only rotate in one direction, the nuts (7) being abutted on collars when they are at the point O. The control devices of the two propellers, are located in two profiled appendices (S) lying in the first third before under the hull

(X) of the ship (fig 2 and 3).

  This provision is peculiar to vessels

  delicate maneuvers A drift (Y) is then located at the rear of the boat.

  This arrangement allows the tugs to make the point

  anchor the trailer to the rear of the vessel. This eliminates any risk

  that of capsizing contrary to what happens on the tugs at

  conventional helix, the anchor point is in the middle to allow

  Being at the rudder to be active Apart from tugs, these devices can be located in the first third rear, lateral movement is also obtained Many variations are possible depending on the requirements This rysttème comes in direct competition with the Propeller "Voiti-Schueicer He is, however, superior in his performance on

  can also add a nozzle (ir) on the back plane of the h & -

  lice (fig 2) e which increases the traction power the nozzles can

  to be installed in the form of a tunnelq which has the effect of

  ser a maxirmum the nets of water by bringing them, to the back, na,

  In this case a drift is not necessary.

  The effects of the nets of water dii trailer, on the drift are then.

  eliminated <This is of great importance to the tugboat This phenomenon

  On the other hand, on tugs equipped with "Voith-Schnei", only towing is carried out at the rear of the trailer. This is dangerous for the passage of the locks, because the tug becomes incomprehensible-& a-x

  its presence in the critical sector 2 with, for the most part, the repetition

1 'propeller' of the towed

  On the ships of line, our device ensures a se-

  In fact, our propellers will only work according to the principle of the variable pitch propeller. If a rudder failure occurs, our

  variable pitch and stepper helix o 1 huso Ydal will come to the rescue

  On the device I babbrd the sprockets 27 of the orthogonal pairs are mounted to leop Lpoaé gables 27 of the starboard device.

REIENDICATOINS 7

  I propulsion control device and steering of a propeller ship h variable, characterized in that it comprises means of

  control of the propellers in a sinusoidal, vanishing pitch which makes it possible to obtain

  the steering and the overall displacement of the ship, and following a

  steady, the front and back steps; consisting of xes N arranged in a propeller shaft A ,, couples at the feet of propeller blades Q and rotational maneuver from dbs-longitudinal and lateral displacements of axially drifting shaft O relative to a bracket G d 1 placable Iatwralement L Textréehlté a shaft O passes through a unit D of a bearing J, for aoeouti; r inside the wheel X integral with a propeller shaft A mounted on bearings X and K. Inside the flywheel B are arranged means of transformation & linear orthogonal movements of the shaft O in rotational movements

  equal or unequal axes between them.

  Controlled control means K and Z, ensuring the displacements of

  the shaft O and its support G are further provus.

  II Device according to claims I, calact <laughs in that the

  N axis rotation is prevented by the placement of a shaft O which supports a ring 20 on which are implanted ball joints 32 with

  levers 26 These ball joints are set at 90 for a four-blade propeller.

  The levers are slid into guide tubes 37 implanted in female frames 22 These frames are linked to manles frames 29 by pins which are fixed on the female frames and free in rotation in the manles frames Axles 33 support the male frames parr Implantation in the flanges of the steering wheel B, we then obtain groups of two frames that can move in rotation in the flanges of the steering wheel Poun a propeller

  four blades, we have four groups of two frames each

  dre mile is implanted a pair of bevel gears one of which 27 is sold-

  30 of the axis 30 and the other 28 is integral with the axis 33 This axis is free in rotation in each male frame and supports a pinion pinned keyway

  forming a torque 21 with a key pinion sector S 'on the N axis.

  state that if the shaft O occupies a position concentric with that of the propeller shaft, the ball joints, the groups of frames, the blades of "propeller have a

calibration which is consistent.

  If the shaft O is eccentric, the ball joints undergoing a shift The ring comprises a drive arm 23 which is anchored along the bisector of the angle formed by the wedging of two contiguous ball joints This arm 23 comes

  slip into the bore of an axis 25 which is free in rotation and in.

  translation into the flanges of the steering wheel B. If the shaft O is moved in translation while remaining concentric to

  the propeller shaft, the caslages are not modified.

  If the steering wheel B rotates the entire mechanism is also

  traine and the ring 20 rotates on the shaft 0.

  If during this rotation, the shaft O is printed with a displacement in trans-

  concentric to the propeller shaft, bevel gear pairs

  which are in the male frames, enter one rotation and control the rota-

  the torque of the spur gears 2 I and consequently that of the axes N which is of equal manner on the four axes 9 since the levers 26 have equal inclinations The propeller blades then have a position which remains invariable, we obtain the not constant propeller propelling

of the ship.

  If during the rotation of the wheel B is printed on the shaft O a lateral displacement, the bevel gears located in the male frames are locked and form rigid connection between the male frames and the female frames Ca are then the groups of frames which enter e rot'ation to control the pairs of spur gears 2 I the N axes then have unequal rotations by unequal inclinations of the levers 26 These inclinations are variable during the rotation of the steering wheel B The propeller blades therefore follow the Ome movement and generate the sinusoidal cyclic pitch of the propeller to ensure the gpuverne of the ship. III Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the shaft O is logg in a cylinder block G monti free in rotation and fixed in translation on a support shaft The shaft O is coupled to a piston Z in the cylinder block G This piston is set in motion by an oil pressure which is regulated by a slide controlled by the movement of the piston ZZC ".

  controls the translational movement of the shaft 0.

  IV Device according to claim II characterized in that the block

  Cylinder G support shaft O is rotated under the impulse of a piston M cylinder block P, which transmits its movements by a rod C and a (a rod anchored by a yoke articulge on the cylinder block G.

  The piston M moves under the effect of a pressure of oil r Fule-

  by a Trce slave L C "is this piston M which controls the movement la-

lateral of the tree 0.

  V Device according to claim II characterized in that it comprises

  the two variable pitch propellers each controlled by a control device

  variable steps The sinusoidal cyclic pitch of each helix

  combined with them, allow the lateral displacement of a ship.

  VI Device according to claim 1 I ,, characterized in that the constant variable pitch of the propeller is controlled: by a lever-10 acting on

  a regulating slide which controls with a piston Z the displacement in trans-

  lation of the tree 0; that the sinusoidal cyclic pitch of the propeller is obtained by a steering wheel 3 or by a flywheel I 3 of displacement control

  side of the ship These two wheels act on a same regulating drawer.

  L which causes the lateral displacement of the shaft 0.

  VII Device according to claim II characterized in that the sinusoidal cyclic pitch can never exceed in amplitude the variable pitch

  constant thanks to a stop 4 t which limits the travel of the drawer L

  the lateral displacement of the rbre 0.