FR2513859A1 - METHOD FOR FEEDING FERTILIZER OR BREEDING PIGS AND MIXTURE CONTAINING AN INERED MATERIAL FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS PROCESS - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION RELATES TO A PROCESS FOR FEEDING PIGS WITH FERTILIZER OR FARMING OF THE TYPE OF WHAT IS CALLED A RATED FEED, IN WHICH A FEED FOR PIGS CONTAINING PROTEINS AND ENERGY ELEMENTS, SUITABLE FOR USE. AGE OF THE PIGS, IS INTRODUCED INTO THE FEEDER OF THE INDIVIDUAL PIGS, TO WHICH IS OFFERED WATER TO BE DRINKED, THIS PROCESS BEING CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT IT IS MADE WITH SUCH FOOD FOR PIGS, POSSIBLY WATER, AND INERT MATERIALS IN THE FORM OF PERLITE OR EXPANDED VERMICULITE WITH A GRANULOMETRY LESS THAN 6MM, PREFERABLY LESS THAN 3MM, IN A QUANTITY BETWEEN 10 AND 40 BY VOLUME (IN RELATION TO THE PIG FEED), A DRY MIXTURE OR, AT THE MOST, IN WET LUMPS, THAT THIS MIXTURE IS CONSTANTLY PUT (AD LIBITUM) AT THE DISPOSAL OF THE INDIVIDUAL PIGS IN THE FEEDER, AND THAT WE OFFER THEM THE WATER TO DRINK USING AN AUTOMATIC DRINKER ACTED BY EACH INDIVIDUAL PORK, AVAILABLE IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF THE FEEDER.

Description

1.

  The invention relates to a method of feeding

  ration of fertilizer or breeding pigs of the so-called restrictive or rationed diet, in which a pig feed containing proteins and energy elements, adapted to the age of the pigs, is introduced. in the feeder of individual pigs, to which

offered water to drink.

  The introduction of food into man-

  It can be carried out using a mechanical conveyor or in any other way. The invention also relates to a mixture containing an inert material, intended for the

implementation of such a method.

  In the context of known methods (by the pra-

  of the kind defined above, the daily rations of feed for pigs free of inert additives are divided into portions, so to speak (and possibly even by drawing off a tank using a mechanical conveyor) at predetermined feeding times Water is offered in excess Doses of

  food for the feeding of fertilizer or breeding pores

  must be calculated to bring together specific quantities

  mined with proteins, energy elements and other essential components supposedly known, so that

  healthy and normally constituted pigs, intended for fertilizer-

  (initially piglets of around 18 to 20 kg), can develop with this food their bone structure and their organs, and form the muscle tissue necessary for their development. The layers of fat, which also appear in the young animal and are stored or fixed in muscle tissue in small proportion as reserves, are desired more

  in order to obtain a meat with a pleasant taste.

  fat should be avoided It is known that unwanted fat build-up in fertilizer pigs can only be prevented by distributing an exactly calculated amount of feed below the satiety limit. quantity of food thus dosed or is measured by hand / by means of expensive automatic weighing devices and distributed to pigs most often in two or three daily servings This procedure is laborious and leads to what calls for reactions

  from starvation in pigs and frequently to lesions

  diaques and circulatory which harm the quality of the meat It was proposed, within the framework of the known measures,

  to add to the pig food described, consisting mainly

  mainly proteins and energetic elements,

  inert thirds in the form of sand or plastic granules of closed-pore foam, to create a satiety effect The use of plastic granules poses problems, because through them chemicals can be introduced into the meat when these granules are not free of residues of reaction products or swelling products This can also affect the health of pigs The sand does not satiate very much and is not miscible

  with manure and slurry It turns out to disturb the ins-

  On the other hand, in the use of such inert materials, the results of breeding or fattening are not reproducible, in the latter

  This also applies to the quality of the meat.

  These known arrangements have therefore hardly entered into practice. The object of the invention is to adapt the process

  of the kind considered in order to obtain results

  states of breeding and reproducible fertilizers, better quality meat as well as higher value breeding or breeding animals In other words, it is a question of eliminating the disadvantages indicated above

that the known process offers.

  This object is achieved according to the invention in confection

  working with said pig feed, possibly water, and inert materials in the form of perlite or expanded vermiculite with a particle size of less than 6 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, in an amount between 10 and 40% by volume (compared to pig feed), a dry mixture, or more in wet lumps,

  constantly making this mixture (ad libitum) available

  tion of the individual pigs in the feeder, and by offering them water to drink using an automatic drinker actuated by each individual pig, placed in the vicinity

from the manger.

  It is advisable, within the framework of the invention, to incorporate the inert materials in a proportion of to 27% by volume for the feeding of pigs of fertilizers and d 8? Úru 1 es of breeding, and from 25 to 40% by volume for

  the feed of farmed sows does not suckle.

  The actuation of the trough can be carried out in particular by contact, for example by means of a drinking nipple which the pigs can actuate with their mouth The trough releases in any case as much water as each requests pigs It can often happen that

  water drips from the mouths of pigs; this is not all-

  not bothersome and can be used for humidification

  tion of the mixture when the drinker is above the feeder The delivery of water takes place in any case according to the needs of each individual pig, having previously taken in the feeder one or more mouthfuls of the mixture. In the process according to the invention, the feed for pigs is certainly adapted in its composition to the age of the pigs, but the mixture described is not presented in

  portions The feeder is on the contrary constantly filled.

  Pigs can constantly take the mixture from their feeder and consume it.Nevertheless, the diet is a restrictive diet, since the pork always eats to satiety according to its individual physiological needs, but receives only a limited quantity of nutritive matters as a result the addition of inert matter This leads

  to the desired result due to the combination with the ab-

  individual sorption of water described, using the drinker actuated by the pig itself The intake of the mixture by each individual pig and the intake of water by each individual pig are thus governed by the pig itself, but with superimposition of the influence of the nutrient supply

paid by the breeder.

  The procedure described is preferably modified depending on whether one operates by dividing the life of a pig into three or two periods of fattening (after the piglets have been reared). When three periods of fattening are planned, namely an initial period, an average period and a final period, it is advisable according to the invention to incorporate perlite or vermiculite in a proportion of approximately 15% by volume during the initial period, approximately 21% by volume during the period

  average, and about 27% by volume during the final period.

  When planning two fattening periods, know one

  initial period and a final period, it should be

  add perlite or vermi- to the pig food

  about 15% by volume during the initial period and about 25% by volume during the

final period.

  The process according to the invention not only

  provides breeding or fattening results

  tibles, the latter with a high quality meat, but still allows to work more economically in

  concerns the proper use of nutrients.

  As already mentioned, it is particularly important for a satisfying result that the water is taken by the pig itself according to the food it has absorbed, so that it is not there, so to speak, forced watering as it does in the absorption of food

  humidified According to a preferred embodiment of the

  vention, the pig food is prepared dry, without adding water, and all the water is made available to each pig using the drinker actuated by it (while the mixture can also be moistened as described with water dripping or for

so to speak in overflow).

  In order to optimize the rationing of the supply of nutritive materials, it is according to the invention that the perlite or the expanded expanded vermiculite contains a proportion of less than 50%, preferably less than 30%, of grains of size less than 1 mm It is also recommended that the perlite or incorporated vermiculite offers a density between 50 and

  kg / m 3, preferably between 70 and 90 kg / m 3.

  Perlite or vermiculite added should not

  therefore not be too dense Although, as part of the pro-

  yielded according to the invention, the water is offered in the indicated manner, it may be advantageous to fill the pores of the perlite or expanded vermiculite grains with water, possibly in the manger. For this, as already mentioned, a small amount water can drip or flow into the trough from a trough placed above it In this way, only a relatively small amount of water is used and the food

  for pork remains as a whole dry or in moist lumps.

  Complementary water must be offered, in view of the fertilizer-

  sement, above the feeder, and this is where the waterer is placed. We proceed differently when it comes to feeding farm animals. In this case, it is recommended according to the invention of complementary water

  in the manger area, but with some distance

  ment of it and especially behind animals.

  The subject of the invention is also a mixture containing an additional inert material and having grains of various sizes for the purpose of carrying out the process according to the invention. This mixture is characterized by the use, as additional material, of expanded perlite containing approximately 30% by volume of grains of size less than 1 mm and approximately 70% by volume of grains of size between 1 and 3 mm, and having

  a density between 70 and 90 kg / m 3.

  In more detail, certain explanations must be given on the basis and the theory of the process according to

  The invention The properties desired for the aluminum mixture

  are obtained by the use of perlite or

  expanded vermiculite in proportion and with granulo-

  metrics indicated in a pig food composed in a traditional way, and by the adoption of a particular mode of water distribution as an accompaniment

  of the food mixture Perlite or vermiculite expan-

  it is voluminous, it offers a cracked surface and, in each individual grain, it has many open pore cells, punctured by the expansion operation. Such a material can expand into grains of

  0 to 6 mm in diameter to take the low density indi-

  It can be brought to any desired density before mixing with the food, by impregnating materials

  additional densities desired and necessary for the

  greasing or raising pigs; it can also

  impregnate, during the mixing operation, fine particles

  of food flour used, which prevents, conjoin-

  with the cracked surface state, any dissociation

  tion in the mixture, without loss of filling action

  premature stomach and limitation, so ration-

  ment of the quantity of nutritious materials that can be absorbed

  Inherent rationing offers pig conditions

  optimal mentation Perlite or expanded vermiculite is an additional substance not containing products

  harmful or dangerous On the contrary, important oligo-

  elements are brought into the pig feed by the

perlite or vermiculite.

  In addition, a series of advantages have even been shown in practice for fattening pigs. Pigs are forced, because of the premature filling of their stomachs by bulky perlite which is not digestible, to take a significantly larger number of meals. eat their meals almost continuously This results in their digestive tract a homogeneous fluid and uniformly distributed chyme and 'M active and * / easier to algere'r The Erenament almenta 1 re and taking

  average daily weight are improved so-

  significant The fattening period can be shortened considerably Metabolic processes are improved,

  which also contributes to improving the fertilizer yield

  Scientific examinations have also revealed a large increase in the population of microflora.

13859

  useful in the large intestine, which can form, as we know, complementary energetic elements (acids

  essential fat) At the same time, the presence of a micro-

  greatly multiplied useful flora prevents the appearance and development of harmful microorganisms Other effect

  advantageous: we could see the complete absence of

  smelly tances (captole, indigole, cresole) otherwise present in fresh excrement All these effects require, however, that the body regulating processes of pigs which depend on the absorption of water are not disturbed; this is why the mode of supply of water according to the invention with dosage of food intake by the

  pork itself is of the importance indicated.

Claims (6)

  1 Process for feeding pigs for fertilizer or breeding of the type of what is called a rationed diet, in which a pig feed containing proteins and energy elements, adapted to the age of the pigs is introduced into the feeder for individual pigs, to which drinking water is offered, this process being   characterized by the fact that it is made with said ali-   ment for pigs, possibly water, and inert materials in the form of perlite or expanded vermiculite with a particle size of less than 6 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, in an amount between 10 and 40% by volume (relative to pig food), a dry mixture or, at most, in moist lumps, that this mixture is put   constantly (ad libitum) available to individual pigs   duels in the feeder, and that they are offered water to drink using an automatic drinker actuated by each individual pig, placed in the vicinity of the feeder   2 Method according to claim 1, -carac-   terrified by the fact that drinking water is offered to individual pigs using a drinking nipple that is operated pigs with their mouths.   3 Method according to claim 1 or 2, in the embodiment in which the life of the pigs is subdivided into three periods of fattening, namely (after the raising of the piglets) an initial period, an average period   and a final period, characterized by the fact that   pore in perlite or vermicu- pig food   lite in a proportion of approximately 15% by volume during the initial period, approximately 21% by volume during the average period, and approximately 27% by volume during the final period. 4 Method according to claim 1 or 2, in the embodiment where the life of the pigs is subdivided into two periods of fattening, namely (after the breeding of the piglets) an initial period and a final period, characterized by the fact that perlite or vermiculite is incorporated into the pig feed in a proportion of about 15% by volume during the initial period and   about 25% by volume during the final period.   Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the incorporated perlite or expanded vermiculite contains a proportion of less than 50%, preferably less than 30%, of grains less than 1 mm thick.   6 Method according to any one of the res-   dication 1 to 5, characterized in that the perlite or the incorporated vermiculite offers a density included   between 50 and 120 kg / m 3, preferably between 70 and 90 kg / m 3.   7 Method according to any one of the res-   dications 1 to 6, characterized in that, for the fertilizer-   pigs, water to drink is offered above the feeder, with each use of the drinker being emitted a small amount of water that runs in the feeder and moistens The mixture.   8.- Method according to any one of the claims   cations 1 to 7, characterized in that the pores of the perlite or expanded vermiculite grains are filled   of water, possibly in the manger.   9 Method according to any one of the res-   dications 1 to 6, characterized in that, for the breeding of pigs or sows, drinking water is available in the   feeder area, however with some distance.   Mixture containing an inert material, composed of grains of various particle size and intended for the   implementation of the method according to any one of the resales   dications 1 to 9, characterized by the use, as additional material, of expanded perlite containing approximately% by volume of grains of size less than 1 mm and approximately 70% by volume of grains of thickness between 1 and 3 mm, and having a density between and 90 kg / m