FR2513275A1 - WOVEN FABRIC ETOFFE, IN PARTICULAR FOR A CARPET, AND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the manufacture of carpets. IT RELATES TO A PROCESS IN WHICH BLADES 20, 22 PUT A WIRE 10 IN SINUOUS FORM BETWEEN TWO LAYERS 17 OF THE SUPPORT, AND A FUSE ADHESIVE 80 IS FORCED THROUGH THE LAYERS 17 OF THE SUPPORT SO THAT THE WIRE IS GLUED. THE THREAD IS THEN CUT BETWEEN THE TWO LAYERS OF SUPPORT SO MUCH THAT TWO CARPETS ARE FORMED. APPLICATION TO THE MANUFACTURE OF CARPET.

Description

The present invention relates to

  More specifically, it concerns a manufacturing process

  cation of a bristle-bonded fabric retained by a fuse adhesive, an apparatus which can be used for carrying out the method, and the bristle fabric retained by

a fuse adhesive itself.

  Furry fabrics, especially carpets, can be made in many ways, for example by weaving,

  by tufting, needling or gluing In each

  one of the processes, the hairs must be attached to a layer

  basic or support, in one way or another.

  More specifically, in one embodiment, a method of manufacture in which the bristles are adhered by a fuse adhesive to a backing layer. The fabrics thus formed are referred to as coated pile fabrics.

  by a fuse adhesive or fusible adhesive coated carpet.

  A number of techniques for producing coated fabrics comprising the coating of a previously formed support layer with a layer of an adhesive and then pressing sections of yarn for forming the bristles in the adhesive are known. that these sections adhere to

the support layer.

  Known industrial techniques for the production of coated fabrics very commonly use polyvinyl chloride plastisol composites because it is considered that the use of other adhesive compositions, in particular fusible systems, has disadvantages during the treatment. techniques, a plastisol of polyvinyl chloride is applied to the support layer before positioning the wire forming the bristles relative to the support layer The wire can be placed in contact with the support layer and the plastisol can then be melted or hardened For example, by heating When trying to use other adhesives such as fusible adhesives instead of plastisol in this process, difficulties are encountered. For example,

  the apparatus used for the posi-

  The thread may be coated with the fuse adhesive and therefore require frequent stops of the apparatus to be cleaned, this feature obviously not being

  interesting from an industrial point of view.

  Thus, although polyvinyl chloride plastisol

  vinyl was the most used binder for prepa-

  clothing, it is very expensive and can

  gaging harmful gases when subjected to combustion conditions In addition, although compositions of such

  Plastisol can generally give good

  tuft blocking ticks, that is, in use, the pile-forming wire adheres firmly

  at the support layer, the polyvinyl chloride plastisols

  In general, vinyl can not penetrate as much as desired into the bundles of threads so that all the fibers of the bundle threads adhere well to the fabric, so that the final product can lint, especially when

is used as carpet.

  Another disadvantage presented by the known techniques for making non-tufted pile fabrics, that is to say in which the yarn is not tufted through the support but is simply stuck to it, is that the adhesive is normally applied to the support layer on the side thereof which is turned towards the pile threads, and the support layer normally has a construction

  such that the adhesive does not pass through it but remains practically

  on the surface, possibly with a weak penetration

  In this case, it is desired to apply a backing layer, that is to say a hard back, to the other side of the fabric, for example for the manufacture of tiles.

  of carpet, the support layer must be glued

  Alternatively, the finished product has many separate layers, the layer of bristles, the layer of glue, or an additional glue application operation to the back side of the support layer. , the support layer, another layer of glue and a hard layer of support of such constructions

2 S 13275

  may have disadvantages and may be

  They may also have an inde-

sirable in use.

  The invention relates to the formation of nap-

  in which the binding of the yarn forming the hairs

  the support layer can be provided by a continuous adhesive

  This adhesive is relatively inexpensive and therefore an industrially attractive adhesive system, the adhesive being advantageously able to penetrate the individual bundles of fibers ensuring a more complete adhesion.

  of all the fibers of the yarn to the fabric produced, without

  In addition, the invention also relates to a method and apparatus for applying a fuse adhesive to the backing layer in a convenient and non-interfering manner. the operation of the machines used for positioning the wire forming the bristles This

  operation can fulfill an additional function, the liaison

  its individual wires to themselves, in the nearest part of the support layer or in its vicinity, so well

  that the formed fabric has better properties.

  Further, according to the invention, the adhesive can be applied to the backing layer which is a liquid-permeable layer from the back of the backing layer, and it can be force-fed through this backing layer. so that a single operation of application of a layer of glue can ensure both the binding of the wire to the support layer and the attachment of a backing layer to the support layer The manufacture of the resulting product can therefore be less expensive and complex than known methods, and may require the use of a reduced number

  separate and distinct layers, thus reducing the

  potential for undesirable separation in the final product.

  The fabrics according to the invention are threaded fabrics retained by a fuse adhesive, comprising a support layer which is permeable to liquids, a

  hair-forming thread adjacent to this layer but not all

  in it, so that it forms p Qils while being

  preferably folded, the wire being adhered to the support layer

  worn by a fuse adhesive applied to the back of this layer and forced through it in contact with the wire The configurations of the bristles may have the configuration of I tufts, that is to say not unfolded, configurations

  with U-shaped tufts, and curly configurations in particular.

  It should be noted that the term "folded hair-forming" refers to an advantageous embodiment in which the threads have at least one fold in the nearest part of the backing layer, i.e. Another "folded" configuration is a looped configuration in which the wires are not cut and remain in the form of virtually continuous folded wires in the final product.

  bristles, not folded and folded, are shown in the drawings.

  The yarns, in an advantageous embodiment, are found in

  to form a product with folded bristles.

  During the implementation of the method and the

  Similarly, a wire for forming bristles is disposed in a suitable position near a face of a liquid-permeable base layer. Next, a fuse adhesive, heated to at least its softening temperature, is applied to the bristle. the support layer on the side opposite to that which is adjacent to the yarn which forms the bristles In the following operation, a fuse adhesive can be force-fed,

  simultaneously with its application or in an operation

  separately, through the support layer so that it contacts the wire forming a bond, and the adhesive

  can then cool, either passively or by cooling

  activated, at a temperature below its

  softening, so that the yarn forming the bristles is well bonded to the support layer The apparatus comprises a device for applying the adhesive and forcing it through the support layer It is necessary to note that the device is not limited to such a device

  application of a fuse adhesive only but can

  take other commonly used collage compositions

  for the manufacture of coated fabrics, such as

  Plastisol positions of polyvinyl chloride, etc. In an advantageous embodiment, the method and the apparatus according to the invention comprise the arrangement of two liquid-permeable continuous support layers,

  in a passage so that they are substantially

  to one another at a predetermined distance from each other, and at least one continuous wire for forming the bristles and alternately pushed by folding blades against the facing faces of the support layers , when at or near the entrance of the aforementioned passage so that the wire is positioned relative to the support layers and folded into a sinuous form; then,

  a fuse adhesive is applied to the back of the layers of

  port, and it is pushed back through these layers so that it comes into contact with the wire, before cooling the adhesive

  at a temperature below its softening temperature

  so that the wire is stuck to the support layers.

  This process operation can fulfill an additional function

  the bonding of the threads forming the hair indi-

  viduals to themselves, in the nearest part of the

  support layer or in its vicinity, so that the fabric obtains

  Next, the support layers can be separated from one another so that they form two continuous coated products fixed by a fuse adhesive. This separation can be for example carried out

  by a fixed or mobile blade placed between the layers of

  wearing and cutting the yarns across the width of the support layers bonded to each other so that coated products

are obtained.

  The yarn used for the formation of the bristles may be of any type of fiber known to be useful in melt-knit fabrics such as carpets, for example "nylon", acrylic fibers, polyester fibers,

wool, cotton and rayon.

  The fusible adhesive compositions that can be used according to the invention are very diverse and have been available for many years. For example, such compositions have a viscosity of less than about 1,000 centipoise in the melted state, preferably less than 100,000 centipoise at 149 ° C. Examples are for example

  mixtures of a copolymer of ethylene and a vinyl ester

  The following are suitable other suitable blends which can be used include a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl ester, Low density low density polyethylene

  molecular weight, a microcrystalline wax, a hydro-

  thermoplastic aliphatic carbon, an alkylation polymer

  dicyclopentadiene, an antioxidant and a filler

  described in U.S. Patent No. 3,684,600.

  Other suitable fusible adhesives, of the ethylene-

  vinyl esters, are described in US Pat.

  United States of America Nos. 3,583,936, 3,676,280, 3,684,600, 3,745,054,

  3,723,371; 3,911,185; 3,914,489 and 4,012,547;

  fuse adhesives that can be used are

  of the type of atactic polypropylene. In general, these composi-

  The compositions may contain a preponderant amount, for example from about 10 to about 100 parts, preferably from about 60 to about 100 parts by weight of atactic polypropylene, from about 0 to about 70 parts of another compatible thermoplastic material such as hydrocarbon resins, waxes, polyethylene, especially linear low density polyethylene, isotactic polypropylene, polyisobutylene and polybutene-1. Charges in various highly variable amounts can be added to these compositions as

  can easily be noted by those skilled in the art.

  Other compatible thermoplastic materials that can be used in the adhesive composition are

  copolymers of ethylene and ethyl acrylate, poly-

  acetals, polyesters, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylic ester, polymethacrylic ester, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl ether, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyamides, resins of

  coumarone / indene, natural resins, hydro-

  carbon, bitumen and other substances.

  The amount of fuse adhesive applied may vary depending on the particular nature of the yarn used, the support layer and the properties of the formed fabric. In general, the amount used may range from about 0.068 to 6.8 kg. m 2, preferably between about 0.165 and 2.7 kg / m 2 The tufts of yarn or carpet that can be obtained by implementation of the invention then have a bond strength of between 9 and 90 N. liquid permeable backing layers that can be used for product implementation

  and the apparatus according to the invention are fabrics, trimmings and

  cots, non-woven tulle, felted materials and even

  perforated and flexible materials.

  When it is desired to produce the pile-coated fabrics fixed with a fuse adhesive according to the invention in the form of a floor covering product, in particular carpet tiles, it may be desirable for a suitable resilient backing layer of very similar type. Variable is fixed to the fabric Such tiles are also included in the scope of the invention The couch of support can be formed for example

  of a suitable thermoplastic material such as

  copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate,

  atactic polypropylene, bitumen, hydrocarbon resins,

  bonées, waxes, and synthetic and natural rubbers.

  The backing layer may be adhered to the backing layer by the adhesive that is already applied to the backing layer for fixing the pile fibers. Thus, the formed product may have a smaller number of distinct layers which may This means that, instead of having a layer of bristles, an adhesive layer, a support layer, another layer of adhesive and a support layer, the carpet tile according to the invention may comprise a layer of bristles, a single layer of one-piece fusible adhesive in which the support layer may be disposed or suspended, and a backing layer adhered to the composite assembly using the fusible adhesive The backing layer may have at least one reinforcing and stabilizing membrane, for example woven or non-woven glass fibers. After application of the backing layer, the consolidated material may then be

  cut with a suitable device, in check tiles

  by the implementation of any of the various

  techniques well known to those skilled in the art.

  The carpet tile product can be used as a floor covering in homes and / or offices where there are significant stresses on the tiles (eg wheel traffic) Tiles have dense hairs and their application

  in place may require adhesives individual modules

  duels can be replaced or turned if necessary.

  tiles can have excellent stability-dimension-

  bending, deforming, stretching or shrinking. In addition, tiles can

  emit little smoke and form little fluff.

  Other features and advantages of the

  will be better understood by reading the description

  which will follow examples of embodiment and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is an elevation of an apparatus according to the invention; Figures 2 to 4 show various embodiments of devices introducing the adhesive force through the support layer;

  Figures 5 to 8 show various confi-

  hair formation gurations which can be used in the coated fabrics according to the invention;

  Figures 9 and 10 show configurations

  tufted fabrics, the threads being always

  fetishes in a support layer; and FIG. 11 shows a cloth coated in

  I, having a relatively impervious base layer.

  Referring now to FIG.

  that a wire 10 is transmitted by a reserve not represented

  felt above and around guide rollers 12 and 14

  then to vertical guides following a descending path.

  A support layer 17 is transmitted by rollers between the guides 16 When the wire 10 enters between the guides 16, the folding blades 20 and 22 move it alternatively in a sinuous path towards one or the other of the sheets 17 forming support layers, when they are pulled down Swiveling slats 24 and 26 can facilitate the folding of the wire Blades 20 and 22 of folding are mounted on rods 28 and 30 The rod 28 is hinged on shafts 32 and 34 and the rod 30 is articulated on shafts 36 and 38, by means of suitable connecting rods (not shown). The shafts 32 and 38 are controlled by

  a crank oscillating mechanism (not shown).

  It should be noted that the blade 20 is out of phase with the blade 22 so that when the blade pivots inwards as shown in FIG. 1, the blade 20 pivots outwards and vice versa, the wire having a configuration sinuous between the support layers 17 which are permeable to liquids, that is to say permeable

  to the adhesive that needs to be applied.

  After the thread has been placed in curvy form

  between the support layers 17, the fuse adhesive 80

  held in channels 82 is applied to rollers 84 of

  by passing through the spaces 86 formed between the side walls 88, 82 and the rollers 84 The fuse adhesive can be maintained in liquid form by a device not shown for heating The amount of adhesive applied to the rollers can be adjusted at will by moving

  channel 82 upwards or downwards at will.

  The hoses 84 preferably rotate in the directions indicated under the control of a suitable device not shown so that the adhesive is applied to the support layers 17 and is simultaneously driven through them, so that it is wire contact 10 Rollers can also

  turn in opposite directions to those we have represented.

  After the fuse adhesive has been applied to the backing layer and has been driven out in contact with the wire, it is

  can be put in solid phase by the device 90 of

  cooling so that it forms a connection between the wire 10

  and the support layers 17 The cooling device 90

  It can be powered by fans 92, and can include cooling coils 94 on which the air circulates and cools before exiting the cooling device through conduits 96, in contact with the support layers so that the adhesive is The wire 10 can then be cut, generally at mid-distance between the layers 17, by a blade

  98 so that two layers of carpet are formed simultaneously

  ously. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-section of the fuse adhesive application device 78 shown in FIG. 1. The references identical to those of FIG. 1 designate corresponding elements. The spaces 86 for adjusting the quantity of adhesive applied are FIG. 2 also shows plates 101 for preheating the support layers before application

  fusible adhesive to make this application easier.

  FIG. 3 represents a variant in which the adhesive is stored in a reservoir formed on one side by the support layers 17 and on the other by the blades.

  The adhesive 80 may be in contact with the

  support and is chased through by the tips 106

blades 104.

  Figure 4 represents another embodiment of

  In which the fuse adhesive is stored in tanks 108 The application on the support layers 17 is ensured by suction of the adhesive into the tanks

  by pumps 110 and to distributors 112

  sif is then driven through the orifices 114 formed in the distributors 112, with sufficient pressure for it to pass through the support layers 17 and come into contact

wires 10.

  FIG. 5 represents an embodiment of I-configuration of the wires, the support layer 17 being

  in the form of a fabric with plain weave, permeable to the adhesive.

  The fuse adhesive 80 is shown as a layer

  continuous in which the layer 17 is coated at its base.

  A support layer 150 formed of a thermoplastic material is adhered to the fabric by the adhesive 80 already used for fixing the bristles. FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 represent

  folded configurations of hair-forming threads which can

  The like references designate elements corresponding to those of Figure 5 Figure 6 shows folded and cut bristles Figure 7 shows a curly bristle configuration Figure 8 shows another folded bristle configuration with the folded portion at the surface and thus giving the appearance of loops, although they are not connected to each other at their base This configuration forms a looped product while having the advantage of saving the Jil

like the configuration in I -

  FIG. 9 shows a cut pile tufted carpet tile having tufted yarn in a conventional polypropylene backing layer 152,

  a layer 153 of adhesive and a layer 154 of support

  10 differs from FIG. 9 only in the looped and uncut configuration. FIG.

  I-layer multilayer sheet representing the configuration

  10, the layer 155 of adhesive, the support layer 156, impervious to the adhesive and in the form of a jute

  tight weave, and another layer 157 of adhesive

  both the bonding of the support layer 158 to the support layer

Harbor.

  We now consider particular examples

  implementations given purely for illustrative purposes

and not limiting.

EXAMPLE 1

  A machine similar to that shown in FIG. 1 folds a "nylon" thread for carpet between

  layers of rayon tissue An electrically heated plate

  triply, mounted on one side just below the guide

  16, ensures a weak fixation by fusion of the

  In this case, a pile of curly bristles is obtained after removing the other non-adhering rayon fabric by removing the threads in contact with the fabric.

  the application of fuse adhesive and cutting to the blade.

  A fuse adhesive composition is prepared using atactic polypropylene, hydrocarbon resin and wax, and a molten film of this adhesive is cast onto a hot plate at about 177 ° C. A portion of the formed fabric is also formed. in contact with a piece of a non-woven glass, on the face having the curly bristles then the assembly is placed in contact with the fusible adhesive by the side of the glass, and is rolled so that the adhesive passes through the glass and enters the wires, then cooled The side of the glass is then glued by heating and compression on a sheet of 1.5 mm thick "Keldax", which is a trademark of "Du Pont" d A molten filler composition based on a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate is then used to cut the laminate obtained between the rayon fabric and the glass and thus obtain two

cut pile carpets.

  We then pull single threads of the carpet bonded by the fuse-to-glass adhesive It is found that the average force required is 20.5 N.

EXAMPLE 2

  We use a machine similar to that of the

  FIG. 1 with a heating plate as described in the example

  1 A rayon fabric is placed on the same side as the hotplate, a glass tulle fabric is placed on the heated side, and a "nylon" wire for carpet is folded into the formed space. the glass of the assembly is brought into contact with a heating applicator (bearing the reference 84 in FIG. 1) above which is placed a channel 88 containing the fuse adhesive having the following composition at about 149 ° C. "Elvax 350 "(Du Pont ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, melt index = 19) 30 parts" Shellmax "400" (Shell microcrystalline wax, melting temperature 80.5 C) 45 parts "Piccopal 100" (Hercules hydrocarbon resin, 100 C softening temperature) 25 parts Various amounts of adhesive are applied

  on the loops of the threads through the tulle, making

  the speed of the application roller with respect to the

  Composite After cooling and cutting of the yarns so that two cut-pile carpets are formed, the tuft binding force is measured in the portion having the glass support. Values ranging from 17.8 N to 507 g of adhesive are obtained. per square meter at 26.7 N for 1690 g

of adhesive per square meter.

EXAMPLE 3

  A fuse adhesive having the composition

  following composition: "Elvax 350" 30 parts "EU 653-04" (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer from U.S Industries, melt index 375) 10 parts "Shellmax 500" (microcrystalline wax of

Shell, fuse temperature

  77 C) 35 parts "Piccopal 100" 25 parts This adhesive is applied to the glass side of the composite assembly according to the method of Example 2, and tuft retention forces of between 31.1 and 44 are obtained. , 5 N with an adhesive sample of 1080

at 1620 g / m.

EXAMPLE 4

  Using the following composition of the fuse adhesive: "Elvax 260" (Du Pont ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, melt index 6) 35 parts "Shellmax 400" 40 parts "Piccopal 100" 25 parts and using the procedure of Example 2 a tuft retention force of 22.2 N is obtained with an amount of adhesive as low as 270 g / m.

  is 40 N with 1215 g / m 2 of adhesive.

EXAMPLE 5

  The same procedure as in Example 2 is used, but the application set of heated applicator roll and slug applicator adhesive is replaced by a glass-side scraper applicator as shown in FIG. 3. adhesive is the following "Elvax 660" (Du Pont ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, melt index 2.5) 20 parts "D-82" - (experimental Hercules fuse adhesive) 80 parts Strength The tuft retention is on average 17.8 N with an adhesive sample of between 170 and 675 g / m, given the relatively high visocity

of this adhesive.

EXAMPLE 6

  The method of Example 5 is used, but with a lower viscosity adhesive having the following composition polypropylene atactic 83 parts "Dowlex" (linear low polyethylene

Dow density, fu-

  20) 17 parts A retention force of 13.3 N is obtained with samples of adhesive between 470 and 1015 g / m.

  to be provided by those skilled in the art to devices and

  transferred which have just been described as examples only

  non-limiting plies without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (11)

  A bristle-bonded fabric retained by a fuse adhesive, characterized in that it comprises a liquid-permeable backing layer (17), a pile-forming wire (10), adjacent to the backing layer but not tufted in the latter, the bristle-forming wire being adhered to the support layer by a fuse adhesive (80) applied to the back of the support layer and forced through this layer until contact with the wire forming the fur.   2 fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the thread (10) forming the bristles is folded close to the support layer (17).   3 carpet tile, characterized in that it comprises a support layer (17) permeable to liquids,   a hair-forming thread (10) adjacent to the support layer   port but not tufted into it, this wire forming the   bristles being adhered to the support layer by a continuous adhesive   sible (80) applied to the back of the backing layer and in-   troduced therethrough to the contact of the pile-forming wire, the tile having a backing layer (150) formed of a thermoplastic material which is glued to the layer   supported by said fuse adhesive <80).   4 tile according to claim 3, characterized   in that the backing layer (150) comprises at least one member   brane of reinforcement and stabilization.   Tile according to claim 4, characterized in that the reinforcing and stabilizing membrane is formed of glass fibers.   A method of making a pile nap material secured by a fuse adhesive, characterized in that it comprises disposing a pile forming wire (510) to form bristles near a first face   of a liquid-permeable support layer (17), the   application of a fusible adhesive (80) heated to at least its softening temperature on the support layer, on the opposite side to that at which the hair-forming wire is placed, forced insertion of the fuse adhesive (80) through the backing layer (17) to contact the wire (10), and cooling the adhesive to a temperature below a temperature below its softening temperature so that the   wire forming the bristles is glued to the support layer.   7 Process for manufacturing a pile-napped fabric retained by a fuse adhesive, characterized in that it comprises the arrangement of two continuous liquid-permeable support layers (17) in a passage in which they are substantially parallel to one another. at the other, at a predetermined distance from each other, advancing at least one continuous wire (10) for forming bristles with folding blades (20, 22) alternately on the faces facing the support layers when they are at the entrance of the aforementioned passage or in the vicinity thereof so that the wire is placed in position relative to the support layers and is folded into form sinuous, then the application to the backs of the support layers (17) of a fuse adhesive (80) and force introduction of this fuse adhesive through the support layers so that the adhesive is in contact   wire forming the bristles, and the cooling of the adhesive   fuse at a temperature below its softening temperature so that the wire forming the bristles is stuck to the support layers.   Method according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises separating the support layers (17) from one another so that they form two   bristled continuous coated products retained by the adhesive sible.   Apparatus for making a bristled cloth secured by a fuse adhesive, characterized in that it comprises a device (20, 22) for positioning a wire (10) so that it forms bristles, close to at least one side of a liquid-permeable support layer (17), a device (78) for applying a fusible adhesive (80) heated to at least its softening temperature on the support layer, on the opposite side to the one near   is placed the wire, and a device (84) for introducing   pulling the fuse adhesive through the backing layer so that it comes into contact with the wire, which is then attached to the backing layer. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized   in that it further comprises a cooling device (90)   weakening of the fuse adhesive which is in contact with the wire   (10) at a temperature below its softening temperature.   so that the yarn forming the bristles is stuck to the support layer.   11 Apparatus for manufacturing a napped fabric with bristles, characterized in that it comprises a device (16) for setting in position two continuous support layers (17) permeable to the liquid in a passage in which they are substantially parallel to each other. the other and at a predetermined distance from each other, blades <20, 22)   bends for alternately moving a wire   tinu for forming bristles against facing faces? O support layers (17) when they are at the entrance of the aforementioned passage or near this entrance,   the wire thus being placed in position near the layers of sup-   port and folded in sinuous form, a device <78) for   applying an adhesive to the backs of the support layers, and a device (84) for forcing the adhesive through the support layers so that the adhesive is   in contact with the wire forming the bristles.   12 Apparatus according to claim 11 wherein the adhesive is of a fuse type, characterized in that it comprises a device (90) for cooling the fuse adhesive to a temperature below its softening temperature so that the wire forming the hair is glued the support layers.   Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized   in that it further comprises a separating device (98)   the support layers from each other so that they form two continuous pile-coated products retained by a fuse adhesive.