FR2512792A1 - COMPACTOR-COLLECTOR DEVICE FOR COLLECTING AND COMPACTING WASTE OR GARBAGE - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION RELATES TO A DEVICE OF THE COMPACTOR-COLLECTOR TYPE FOR COLLECTING AND COMPACTING WASTE OR GARBAGE. THIS DEVICE INCLUDES A BUCKET 1, A RECEPTION HOPPER 2 ARTICULATED AT THE REAR OF THE BUCKET AND A DISCHARGE SHOE 7 MOBILE FROM FRONT TO REAR IN THE HOPPER. IT IS CHARACTERIZED IN THAT A CYLINDER OR SYSTEM OF SYNCHRONOUS CYLINDERS 10 IS FITTED BETWEEN THE BUCKET AND THE SHOE 7 SO AS TO BE ABLE TO DRIVE THE BOOT FOR COMPACTING THE WASTE SPILLED IN THE HOPPER, OR WHEN THE SHOE IS BLOCKED BY RELATED TO THE HOPPER BY A LOCKING BODY 11, ALLOW TO LIFT THE HOPPER TO CLEAR THE REAR FACE OF THE BUCKET IN VIEW OF ITS EMPTYING.

Description

COMPACTOR-COLLECTOR DEVICE, FOR USE

  TO COLLECT AND COMPACT WASTE OR

GARBAGE.

  The invention relates to a device of the compactor-collector type for the collection and compaction of

  waste or refuse of any kind, in particular garbage

managed.

  There are many models of compac-

  collector which can be classified into four main types

cipaux.

  One type includes a skip bucket

  of a delivery arm that sweeps it from one side to

  the other to repel and pack garbage on the sides.

  This type of device has the advantage of operating in

  continuously, that is to say, to continuously allow access to

  no, the garbage can be introduced into it at any

  moment of the cycle However, it requires the presence of a

  important hydraulic plexes, safety equipment and

  auxiliary cylinders-to lift the

  the bucket to empty it.

  Another device works by means

  of one or two worms, which rotate continuously

  However, this type of device requires the presence of a very powerful hydraulic complex to drive the worm, and as previously, additional auxiliary cylinders to empty the bucket; in addition, such a device has proved in practice very dangerous: in the case where a garment or part of clothing is caught, there are risks of training the person with possible injury

serious of it.

  Other devices are also known in which the compaction is carried out by a discharge guillotine which closes up and down on the rear hopper in order to compress and push the waste towards the

  However, such a system does not benefit from a

  continuously, since access to the hopper is not pos-

  during the closing sequences of the guillotine; the dead time thus caused is in practice a serious drawback In addition, the system is dangerous since

  a person can be hooked and injured when guil-

lotine closes.

  Finally, a last type of device

  used on stationary skips on the ground in order to

  to compact industrial waste includes a

  flow that moves back and forth in a hopper disposed at the rear of the bucket; to this end, this discharge member is coupled to a rod which is actuated by hydraulic cylinders in the manner of a rocker Due to its kinematics rod-pendulum, such a system has relativçk-ent, the disadvantage of requiring power cylinders evoked to achieve compaction; moreover, such kinematics is adapted to a fixed skip which can be emptied by its front face but is not well adapted to allow emptying by the rear face thereof; in the case where we would like to undertake modifications allowing such a dump, it would be necessary anyway to add to the device a

  additional jacks to clear the hopper.

  so that the hydraulic assembly would be

complicated table.

  However, the simplicity of the hydraulic system is an essential quality in these devices because it

  conditions the cost and ease of order.

  The present invention proposes to provide

  an improved compactor-collector device, which can

  operate continuously with an extremely

  simple, consisting in particular of a single cylinder or

  of a single system of synchronous jacks.

  The invention relates to a device in which

  emptying the bucket can be done from behind.

  Another object of the invention is to provide a device of reduced cost, without risk for operators.

  Another objective is to provide a

  positive, significantly reducing the risk of false maneuvers.

  To simplify the description,

  ra by "back of the bucket" the end of it o are introduced the waste, the same orientation convention

  being applied to the various organs of the device.

  The compactor-collector device targeted by the invention is of the type comprising a bucket open to

  its rear part, a receiving hopper arranged in

  and a discharge shoe associated with said hopper and arranged to be movable between a rear position where it is retracted at the rear and in the lower part of said bucket and provided with an opening for introducing garbage into the bucket and a delivery shoe of said hopper and a position before it is

  able to compress the garbage through the opening of intro

  duction; the device according to the present invention is characterized by the combination of the following characteristics the discharge shoe is coupled to a cylinder or system of synchronous double-acting cylinders, having a fixed end articulated on the bucket, the receiving hopper is articulated in part high of the bucket so as to be able to pivot between a low position where it leans against the rear of the bucket with its introduction opening opening therein,

  and a high position where it releases the open rear

  t of the bucket, locking means are associated with the hopper and the discharge shoe in order to allow them to be secured to one another in a determined blocking position,

  the cylinder or system of synchro-jacks

  is designed, on the one hand, to rotate the tres-

  between its low position and its high position by acting on the delivery shoe when it is in the locked position relative to said hopper, and, secondly, in the opposite case when the shoe is free, to be able to

  it inside the hopper between its

  retracted and its compacting position.

  Thus, a single cylinder or a single set of

  synchronous rins (preferably 2 in number, hitched together

  and other of the bucket) ensures, at the same time, the

  garbage collection by displacement of the discharge shoe when it is free to move in the hopper, and the lifting of the hopper for the emptying of the bucket in the opposite case This lifting of the hopper is therefore effected through of the pressure shoe which has two

  functions: in the unblocked state, the classical function of

  pactage, and in the locked state, that of transmitting the raising or lowering efforts to the hopper. The emptying of the bin when the hopper is raised in the upper position can be performed by any

  known means, in particular by a traditional ejector shield

  the dump body (with drive

  conventional such as telescopic jack or other).

  According to a preferred embodiment, the blocking means of the delivery shoe (relative to the hopper) are adapted to block said shoe when it is in the vicinity of its forward position in the hopper. The jack or system of synchronous jacks is then arranged to be in the substantially retracted state-when the hopper is in the low position and the push shoe

in the forward position in this one.

  Thus, if the delivery shoe is not blocked in the hopper, the passage of the cylinder or jacks of the

  retracted position in the deployed position

  rearwardly of said delivery shoe, while the opposite operation of the cylinder or cylinders causes its forward movement with compaction of garbage On the contrary, if the delivery shoe is blocked in its forward position by

  compared to the hopper, the same maneuvers of the cylinder (s)

  respectively show the raising of the hopper or its lowering. Furthermore, according to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the device is equipped with locking means adapted to allow the hopper to be fixed to the rear of the bucket in its low position. These locking means thus guarantee the immobility of the hopper. during the movements of the delivery shoe They are preferably coupled with the locking means of the latter

  so that the blockage of this shoe intervenes

  chrone with the unlocking of the hopper and that its unblocking

  cage is carried out at the same time as the hopper lock.

  The control of the aforementioned locking means and locking means can be manual, hydraulic or other. In addition, according to another characteristic

  of the invention, the discharge shoe is preferably ar-.

  ticulated on the hopper around an axis positioned above the

  said hoof so as to allow him to rotate between the posi-

  above-mentioned front and rear <of course, this characteristic

  arrangement is given assuming the hopper

Low position).

  In order to allow the various maneuvers with one or more cylinders e r nes of the device according to the invention are preferably arranged as follows:

  the jack or cylinder system is

  abutted, at its front end, at an intermediate height

  bucket and, at the other end, on one or more flasks

  directly subject to the way-back

  to be able to rotate the latter around its axis of

  culation by a thrust or traction directly applied thereto, the hopper is articulated in the upper part of the bucket to a height greater than that of the point or points

  hitch cylinder or cylinder system on said bucket.

  Moreover, according to another characteristic.

  that of the invention, the foot of repression is realized with

  a shape allowing it, in its rear position, to

  at least partially inside a dwelling that

  form a protective wall provided at the rear lower part

  In this retracted position of the hoof, the

  Hopper capacity is almost entirely available.

ble to receive garbage.

  The invention having been exposed in its

  other features, purposes and advantages of

  it will emerge from the following description with reference

  to the accompanying drawings, which show by way of non-limiting examples, embodiments; on these drawings which

  are an integral part of this description,

  Figure 1 is an overall view of

  vehicle equipped with a device conforming to the inven-

tion,

12792

  FIG. 2 is an axial section through a

  longitudinal plane AA, showing the device according to the

  in the garbage collection position, the

  in the retracted rear position, FIG. 3 is a similar section through a longitudinal plane BB,

  FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of

  crosswise by a plane CC located towards the rear of the

  positive, the figure Sa is a transverse view of

  detail according to D, showing an example of control of the organ -

  5 is a diagram showing the discharge shoe in its position prior to compacting,

  FIG. 7 is a similar diagram of

  the device in emptying position of the bucket (tres-

  in the up position), the figures Es 8a, 8b and 9 are diagrams

  parts showing another embodiment of the shoe

  respectively in longitudinal section (Figures 8a and 8b) and seen from the rear (Figure 9), finally Figures l Oa and Ob are partial diagrams, showing a device in which a room

  packing aid is associated with the delivery shoe.

  The compactor-collector device

  As an example, FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4 comprise a conventional type skip 1 that can be seen mounted on a truck in FIG.

  Other figures In a traditional way, this bucket 1 is formally

  a chassis fitted with sheet metal walls, the assembly being designated by simplification as "bucket". It is internally equipped with a conventional shield-ejector with

  driving means (not shown).

  The back side of the bucket is open and

  is equipped with a tilting hopper 2 which is articulated in

  the upper part of the latter by articulation pins 3.

  Hopper 2 open on its rear side

  is called to receive the garbage dumped by the opera-

  It has a bottom 2 curved, concave and a curved

  2 b rear wall located at its base and forming with a par

  king of protection 2c located above and close to this

  Here, a housing of suitable shape to be able to contain a discharge pump 7 In addition, outside the hopper is provided a retractable step 4 on which are called to hold the dust collectors It should be noted that this market- foot is narrower than the truck gauge so that the garbage collectors are not on the side (which could be dangerous, especially when cornering); in the example, the

  step 4 is bordered on both sides by

very much like 5.

  In addition, the hopper 2 has a

  front king front 2 d, provided in the lower part of an opening of introduction of garbage in the bucket A folding flap 6 is articulated at the base of this wall 2 d to retain the waste when the delivery shoe 7 (described herein -after) is in retracted rear position and, instead, to fall back under the thrust of waste, and increase the passage section when the shoe comes into

its position before compaction.

  -The discharge shoe 7 which extends transversely in the hopper is constituted by a sheet

  folded so as to form, on the one hand, a front flank of compac-

  stage 7 has, on the other hand, a convex curved bottom face 7b> called to move near the bottom of the hopper, finally a concave curved upper face 7c called to move to

  near the protective wall 2 c of the hopper.

  This shoe 7 is hinged laterally on the hopper 2 by two flanges such as 8 which it is provided and that support two pins such as 9 carried by the lateral sides of the hopper 2 The shoe 7 can rotate between a rear position where it is found retracted in the

  housing formed by the walls 2b and 2c (Figure 2) and a po-

  before compacting where it comes to the opening

  introduction of the hopper (Figure 6).

  The front compacting side 7 has the shoe is oriented very approximately radially relative to the rotational movement of the latter so as to be able to exert

  approximately perpendicular pressure on the mass of

  In addition, the bottom 2 of the hopper is curved with a curvature centered on the rollers 9 so that the wall 7b of the shoe slides continuously.

near this one.

  In addition, the shoe 7 is hitched by its flanges 8 at the rear ends of two synchronous hydraulic double-acting cylinders, such as the hitch points 1 Ob of the cylinders on the flanges 8 of the shoe are located at one end.

  lower than that of the trunnions 9 of

  the hoof on the hopper (the hopper is assumed to be

low position).

  The cylinders 10 are coupled, by their end

  before, on both sides of the bucket, in bridges of

  the rear walls of the ladder

  the bucket, at the intermediate height of it.

  telage l Oa are at a lower level than

  3 joints of the hopper on the bucket.

  The cylinders 10 are arranged so as to

  in the retracted state when the hopper is in

  low position and the pressure shoe 7 in the forward position

in this one.

  Moreover, the device is equipped with a hooking member 11 which has the dual function, on the one hand, of allowing the shoe 7 to be locked with respect to the hopper, in the front position of said shoe, on the other hand, to allow to lock the hopper 2 in its low position

against the bucket.

  For this purpose, this hooking member 11

  carried by the hopper is arranged below the bottom 2 a of this

  so that it can be moved between two positions, one

  o it clings to a conjugate element of the bucket (in the ex-

  cylindrical element 12) while preserving the freedom of movement

  the opposite, where it is clear of the element

  12 and cooperates with the shoe 7 to block it.

  In the example, the organ includes two

  hooks such as llaqui which are carried by a transverse rod

  operating room 11b hinged under the bottom 2 a; each cro-

12792

  chet llb has a hooking nose directed towards the bucket to be able to hook on the element 12 of the bucket, and a bearing face directed towards the delivery shoe 7 to abut with a cheek 7 d of shape conjugate that includes this shoe This cheek 7 d is arranged so that the positioi

  blocking of the shoe relative to the hopper corresponds to

  the front position of the shoe.

  The hooking member may be

  mandé by a low power hydraulic cylinder 13 as shown in Figure Sa; this jack is arranged to allow to rotate the rod llb, in the direction of the hooking

  the hooks with the elements 12, in the oppo-

  se, until cooperation of said hooks with the cheeks 7 d of

hoof of repression.

  The hooking member can also be controlled by manual maneuvering means, such as crank 14 fixed laterally at the end of the rod 11b, as

  shows alternatively Figure 5b.

  Figure 6 illustrates the effect of compacta-

  age produced by the hoof; when the hopper 2 is locked in the lower position on the bucket, the retraction of the jacks 10 exerts a direct traction on the shoe 7 which pivots around its hinge pins 9, and ensures the introduction

  waste in the bucket and their compaction.

  When the jacks 10 unfold, they exert an opposite thrust on the shoe 7, which causes the

  retreat from it to its retracted rear position.

  Figure 7 illustrates the sequence of

  removing the hopper 2 for the emptying of the bucket 1

  that the delivery shoe 7 is in the forward position, the operator operates the hooking member 11 to lock said shoe in this position The deployment of the cylinders then causes the lifting of the hopper 2 under the effect of the thrust that is transmitted to it through the shoe 7, temporarily secured to said hopper The face

  open back of the bucket can thus be entirely

  the hopper * 2 coming from above it at the end

racing cylinders.

  The device of the invention thus functions with a very simple hydraulic system, not including

  only two synchronous power cylinders; the transmission

  The efforts developed by them allow a notable saving of power.

  Of course, the invention is not limited

  under this description but includes

  all the variants In the preceding example, the delivery shoe 7 is constituted by a non-deformable part of a

alone.

  It is also possible, as the

  Figures 8a, 8b and 9, to make this shoe using

  two pieces 15 and 16 arranged to be arranged in the

  long when the shoe is in the position before compaction to completely cover the bottom of the hopper (Fig 8 a) and to come on the contrary superimpose itself by sliding on one another when the shoe pivots to its retracted rear position (Fig 8b) The two pieces 15 and

  16 are of course articulated on the hopper around the same

  my trunnions 17 as shown in Figure 9.

  According to another variant schematically

  Figures i Qa and Ob, the device is equipped with a piece

  xiliaire de compaction 18 articulated on the hopper and connected

  to the delivery shoe by rods 19, so as to

  to vote at the same time as said shoe between a high position where it is situated at the front and above said shoe, the latter being in position before inflation (Fig. 1 Oa), and a low position of settlement where it is located above and in the center of the bottom of the hopper, the shoe being in the retracted retracted position (Fig lob) Such a piece 18 makes it possible to

  to achieve a complementary settlement of the waste and may in particular

  should be provided in all cases where this waste has a tendency

dance to the explosion.

Claims (11)

  1 / compactor-collector device, intended to collect and compact garbage or waste, of the type comprising a bucket (1) open at its rear part, a receiving hopper (2) disposed at the rear of said bucket and provided with an opening for introducing refuse into the bucket and a delivery shoe (7) associated with said hopper and arranged to be able to be moved between a position   where it is retracted at the rear and partly   se of said hopper and a position before it is able to compress the garbage through the introduction opening,   said device being characterized by the combination of   following features the discharge shoe (7) is coupled to a cylinder or system of synchronous double-acting cylinders (10) having a fixed end (l Oa) hinged to the benfie (1), the receiving bucket (2) is hinged in the upper part (3) of the bucket (1) so as to be able to pivot between a low position where it rests against the rear of the bucket with its opening opening opening therein, and a high position o it releases the open rear part of the bucket, locking means (11) are associated   at the hopper (2) and the delivery shoe (7) in order to   to secure them to one another in a determined blocking position, the jack or system of synchronous jacks (10) is arranged, on the one hand, to be able to rotate the   hopper between its low position and its high position   on the delivery shoe when it is in positive   tion blocked with respect to said hopper and, secondly, in the opposite case when this shoe is free, to be able to drive it inside the hopper between its positic   rear retracted and its position before compacting.   2 / Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the blocking means (11) of the discharge shoe (7) relative to the hopper (2) are adapted for   block said shoe when it is in the vicinity of its po-   in the hopper, the cylinder or synchronous cylinder system (10) is arranged to be in a substantially retracted state when the hopper (2) is in a low position   and the delivery shoe (7) in the forward position in that this.   3 / Device according to one of the claims   1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises locking means (11) adapted to allow to fix the hopper to   the back of the bucket in its low position.   4 / Apparatus according to claim 3,   characterized in that the blocking means of the friction shoe   relative to the hopper and the means for locking the hopper at the rear of the bucket comprise a common fastening member (11) carried by the hopper (2) and arranged   so that it can be moved between two positions, a po-   where it clings to a conjugate element (12) of the   by preserving the freedom of movement of the friction shoe   (7), and an opposite position where it is disengaged from the element (12) of the bucket and cooperates with the delivery shoe (7). to block this one.   Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the fastening member (11) comprises at least one   minus one hook (11b) carried by a transverse rod of   (la) articulated on the hopper (2), each hook   comprising a hooking nose directed towards the bucket for   see hook on the element (2) thereof and a bearing face oriented towards the discharge shoe (7) to abut with a cheek conjugate form (7 d) that includes the shoe.   6 / Device according to one of the claims   4 or 5, characterized in that the hooking member (11) is provided with manual operating means (14) for   control the position from one side of the bucket.   7 / Device according to one of the claims   4 or 5, characterized in that the hooking member (11) is associated with a low power cylinder (13) allowing to order it hydraulically.   8 / Device according to one of the claims   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the discharge shoe (7) is articulated on the hopper (2) about an axis positioned above said shoe so as to enable it to pivot between the aforementioned front and rear positions. 9 / Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the jack or cylinder system (10) is   articulated, by its front end (10 a), to a height inter   medium of the bucket (1) and, at its other end, on   one or more flanges (8) directly subject to the shoe of   (7) so as to be able to rotate from last to   rotation of its hinge axis by a thrust or traction directly applied thereto, the hopper (2) is articulated in the upper part (3) of the bucket to a height greater than that of the hitching point or points ( 10 a) of the jack or cylinder system on said bucket.   Device according to one of the claims   cations, characterized in that it comprises a system   teme of cylinders, composed of two double-acting synchronous hydraulic cylinders (10), hitched on both sides of the bucket (1) towards the rear of the side walls thereof, the delivery shoe (7) being laterally secured to two flanges (8) on which are coupled said cylinders at their other end (lob), said discharge shoe being articulated laterally on the hopper by said flanges (8) by means of two journals (9) located at a greater height than the hitch points (l Ob) of the cylinders, when the hopper is in low position.   11 / Device according to one of the claims   cations, wherein the hopper (2) comprises at its lower rear part a protective wall (2 c), forming a housing adapted to at least partially contain the hoof   delivery device (7) in the retracted rear position.   12 / Apparatus according to the claims   8 and 11 taken together, characterized in that the shoe of   (7) has a shape comprising, on the one hand, a compacting front flank (7 a) oriented very approximately radially relative to the rotary movement of the shoe,   on the other hand, a convex curved underside (7b) called   to move near the bottom (2 a) of the hopper, finally a concave curved upper face (7 c), called to pass close to the protective wall (2 c) of the hopper, the bottom   (2 a) of the hopper having a concave curved shape   from that of the underside (7b) mentioned above.   13 / Device according to one of the claims   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, wherein the   discharge shoe (7) is constituted by an indeformable part ble, in one piece.   14 / Device according to one of the claims   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, characterized   in that the delivery shoe consists of two parts   these (15, 16) arranged to be arranged in the extension   from each other when the hoof is in position before com-   in order to cover the bottom of the hopper completely and to be superimposed by sliding on one another when   the pressure shoe pivots to its rear position ted.   Device according to one of the claims   prior art, characterized in that it comprises an auxiliary packing member (18) articulated on the hopper and connected to the delivery shoe by links (19), so as to pivot at the same time as said shoe between a high position o it is located at the front and above said shoe, position corresponding to the position before compaction of   this one, and a low-lying settlement where it is so-   killed above and in the center of the bottom of the hopper,   corresponding to the retracted rear position of the shoe.