FR2505037A1 - MECHANISM FOR FILLING A CASTLE HOLE AND OVEN PROVIDED WITH SUCH A MECHANISM - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION RELATES TO A MECHANISM FOR BLOCKING THE CASTING HOLE OF AN OVEN. IT RELATES TO A MECHANISM IN WHICH A SLIDING PLATE 16 IS HELD AGAINST A PLATE HAVING A CAST ORIFICE BY A LINKAGE 28 MOUNTED ON A LEVER 34 JOINT WITH A SHAFT 35 AND A LEVER 46 MOVED BY A CYLINDER 26. SPRINGS 25. ELASTICALLY PUSH THE ROD 20 IN THE WAY THAT THE PLATE 16 SLIDES. A 50 KNEELING MECHANISM ALLOWS RELEASE WHEN THE SHUTTER NEEDS TO BE REPAIRED. APPLICATION TO THE METAL CASTING OF ARC OVENS.

Description

The present invention relates to a mechanism

  shutter allowing the setting of the casting to

  part of a container, for example through the tap

an oven.

  When an arc furnace is usually emptied, the molten metal and the slag flow over the casting lip of the furnace when it is inclined. The metal and slag are then lowered into a channel.

  where appropriate, and gather in a pocket.

  The presence of the slag is a considerable disadvantage. Thus, it is advantageous for the furnace to be emptied of its metal.

  melted and the slag stays behind.

  The provision of a taphole placed well below the top of the furnace allows pouring

  the only molten metal when the oven is pivoted An obtura-

  of one type or another is necessary for the closure

  the taphole until the casting has

  A shutter that can be opened and closed at will is more convenient since it would facilitate the filling of several pockets from a single load of the oven, and the oven would only have to be tilted

  only once, at the beginning of the emptying operation.

  In principle it seems that a sliding shutter could be suitable for adjusting the current discharged through the hole

  However, no sliding shutter

  The known shutter mechanism takes up considerable space on both sides, i.e. in the direction of movement of the shutter plate. There is no suitable space in the region of the taphole. however, partly because of the presence of the

casting channel.

  The invention relates to adapting the principle of a sliding plate shutter to be suitable for a pouring hole of an oven, and a mechanism in which a sliding shutter plate is pushed towards the taphole and is moved alternately from one

  position which is above the channel.

  More specifically, the invention relates to a mechanism

  shutter mechanism for regulating the flow of the metal through an outlet of a container, comprising a fixed plate

  having an orifice, an associated sliding plate of closure

  intended to cover or expose the orifice of the first plate, preventing or allowing the circulation,

  this plate being arranged obliquely, a body of

  the workpiece arranged obliquely to the sliding plate

  health system intended to move it, an elastic device

  tick to push the actuating member against the sliding plate so that it pushes against the

  fixed plate, and a device for guiding the body of

  to move along a predetermined path

  part of the operating member cooperating with the sliding plate moving in a plane parallel to the

  contact faces of the sealing plates.

  Although the shutter according to the invention is

  Particularly well to ovens, it also applies to other containers. Thus, the small bulk of the shutter mechanism and the location of one side of the pouring orifice of a container, of the structure which is to repel and move the sliding plate alternately are advantageously suitable for other pockets, baskets or other containers from

  from which a molten metal must be cast.

  Other features and advantages of the

  will be better understood by reading the description

  following an example of implementation and referring to

  FIG. 1 is an elevation of an arc furnace having a shutter mechanism of a casting furnace according to the invention;

  Figure 2 is a side elevation of the

  Figure 1 shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is an enlarged section of the shutter and the duct therein, from the taphole; and

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing characteristics of

  geometric characteristics of the shutter mechanism.

  Referring first to FIG. 3, there is shown an insert 10 placed in a pouring hole of an oven and having an oval section circulation passage. An intermediate duct 11 is placed in abutment against the

  10, in a sealed manner, and has a flow passage

  The nozzle 12 is cemented in the conduit 11 and a shutter with the general reference 14 is placed at the end of the nozzle 12 opposite to the nozzle 12.

  taphole, and is sealed therein.

  The shutter 14 essentially comprises a plate

  15 which has an annular opening, and a sliding plate 16 in the form of a disk, pushed against the first plate. Clamps 17 (FIG.

  the plate 15 abuts against the nozzle 12 The plate

  smoothing 16 is movable upwards so that it discovers the orifice 18 formed in the plate 15 and thus opens the casting channel, by means of a maneuvering member 20 which is

  also intended to push the plate 16 against the plate 15.

  When the pouring channel is opened by raising the sliding plate 16, the metal flows out of the oven into the room 10, the intermediate duct and the fixed plate

  15 and out of the latter in the channel 21 of casting.

  The metal then goes down the channel to the pocket or

to the receiving vessel.

  When the slide plate 16 is moved upwards so that the shutter 14 is fully open, it travels a distance almost equal to its diameter.

  the width of the annular plate 15, that is to say the difference

  The device is intended to support the sliding plate 16 as it moves upwards. This device comprises a thrust plate 22 mounted near the plate 15 on the inside of the box. member 23 of the shutter frame The thrust plate 22 and the fixed plate 15 have coplanar surfaces 24, 25 of

contact with the sliding plate.

  We now consider the closure mechanism

  with reference to Figures 2 and 3.

  The member 20 for operating the sliding plate 16 has two functions. First, it pushes the plate

  16 against the fixed plate 15, by means of elastic devices

  The actuating member 20 acts on the operating member. Next, it moves the plate 16 when an operating device 26 is suitably powered. The operating member 20 is a connecting rod forming part of a linkage.

  28 so that the lower end of the body

  maneuvering moves along a vertical path

  when the operating device 26 is controlled.

  As shown, the actuator 20 is

  inclined to the vertical and to the gold

  23 of the frame, and its lower end is coupled to the sliding plate The coupling comprises an axis 30 which is housed in a stirrup 31 forming part of a shoe 32 mounted in a cavity 33 formed in the sliding plate 16

(Figure 3).

  At an intermediate point of its length, the operating member is articulated on a lever 34 to which it is attached, around a shaft 35 which pivots relative to

  a second member 36 of the frame of the mechanism.

  The actuating member 20 protrudes from the lever 34

  and its upper end 38 is coupled to the member 23.

  The elastic device 25 which constitutes an elastic connecting rod

  tick, connects the first connecting rod to organ 23 through

  a lever 39 and a knee arrangement 50

  hereinafter described in the present

  sitive elastic is articulated at its opposite ends on

  the lever 39 and the end 38 respectively.

  The elastic device 25 comprises a plurality of compression springs, for example 10 or 12, which are threaded onto a corresponding number of bolts holding two pushing plates 42 in cooperation.

  each have a stirrup or eyelet 43 projecting

  both the attachment of the elastic device to the lever 39 and the end 38 In the working position shown in Figure 2, the elastic device is compressed and tends to rotate the actuating member 20 in the anti-rotation direction. time around the joint on the lever 34 So the lower end of the organ

  is pushed towards the taphole, and the plate

  smoothing 16 is pushed back into firm and tight contact

be the fixed plate 15.

  The elastic device 25 may comprise

  Belleville washers instead of two springs

helicoidal where appropriate.

  The operating device 26 is articulated by a bent lever 46 on the linkage 28 so that it moves the sliding plate between the open position (raised) and its closed position (lowered) The angled lever 46 is fixed at one end to the shaft 35 to which the lever 34 is also fixed The operating device 26 is articulated to the opposite end of the bent lever 46 and, when this end moves upwards, the shaft 35 rotates clockwise, with the lever 34 This displacement causes

  the displacement of the actuating member 20 and the

  that sliding 16 upwards so that the shutter

is open.

  As shown in the drawings, the operating device 26 is a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder. It has a piston rod 47 articulated on the bent lever 46 and its body 48, at the end opposite the rod, is

  articulated on a lug 49 mounted on the body member 23.

  The use of such an operating device is conventional for the control of sliding shutters,

  but other maneuvering devices can replace it.

  For example, the angled lever 46 can be controlled by a

  suitable manual lever or even replaced by such a lever.

  The linkage 28 which comprises the operating member 20, the lever 34 and the elastic device 25 acts

  substantially like a parallel motion device.

  The geometric properties of the lever 34 and the elastic device 25 are such that the operating member 20 must move parallel to itself. In this way, the lower end of the operating device moves vertically with the sliding plate and the variations.

  the thrust exerted by this device on the sliding plate

  16 remain within safety limits when the plate moves vertically under the control

of the operating member 20.

  The elastic device 25 acts as a pivoting rod in the linkage 28 It pivots in the same direction as the lever 34 around a fixing device 51 which is at the free end of the lever 39

  which is articulated at 52 on the body member 23 of the frame Cepen-

  In normal use, the lever 39 can not

  pivot around articulation 52 because of the arrangement

  The forces created by the elastic device 25 tend to rotate the lever 39

  counter-clockwise around the pivot 52

  However, it is prevented by the toggle joint 50 acting as a spacer placed between the lever 39 and the body member 23, since the knee

  bears against a stop 53 The overtaking of the

  alignment of the knee brace would be necessary if the lever 39 were to move in the other direction around

  of pivot 52, so that this displacement meets a re-

  resistance and is even prevented by a removable safety pin 54 During normal operation, the different

  elements keep the configuration represented on the

  2, when the fixing device 51 does not move. Sometimes at least one of the plates 15, 16 must be replaced. The thrust applied by the elastic device on the plate 16 normally exceeds 104 N during the closed-shutter adjustment, and this thrust must be eliminated during the maintenance. operation is performed

  by release of the fixing device 51, by manipulation

  the knee brace 50 and pivoting its center.

  Then, the levers pivot so that they exceed the

  alignment of the toggle 50 so that the lever 39 can rotate counterclockwise around the

  This movement is accompanied by the loosening of the

  The resilient member 25, which can then be advantageously disconnected from the securing device 51. When the elastic return has been eliminated in this manner, the actuating member 20 can be pivotally spaced away from the shutter and can give free access to the shutter. The recovery of the elastic return is practically

  by a process opposite to that just described.

  In the embodiment considered, the rod

  28 gives a movement that is only approximately

  In fact, the connections of the body 20 of

  the lever 34 and the elastic device 25 do not

  do not write arcs of the same radius around

  centers passing through the shaft 35 and the attachment point 51.

  The geometric configuration of the system, ie the

  respective lengths of the lever 34 and the elastic device

  25, as well as the positions of centers 35 and 51 of

  pivoting, minimize the variations of the obli-

  of the actuating member 20 when the actuating device 26 lengthens or narrows As a result,

  the pushing or pulling force acting on the plate

  Smoothing varies but only between safety limits

  and it is maximum when the shutter 14 is closed.

  We now consider a particular example of a configuration of a taphole shutter system

  realized according to the invention, as shown in FIG. 4.

  In this example, the sliding plate of the ob-

  turner has a diameter of the order of 335 mm and a stroke or path of 320 mm between its open positions and

closure.

  The elastic device 25 comprises 12 compression coil springs, and has a length of 385 mm

  when relaxed and 360 mmn when compressed.

  The charge applied to each spring is 4.23 × 10 4 N, and

  the springs push back the thrust plates 43 to be dis-

  with a total force of 4.98 10 4 N. If we take the left side A of the body member 23 and the central axis B of the casting passage as

  references, the mechanism has the following dimensions.

  the distance separating the two axes of articulation

  The lever 34 is 632 mm, and the pivot axis formed by the shaft 35 is centered at 600 mm above reference B and 214 mm to the right of reference A. in the normal working position. the pivot axis of the attachment point 51 is centered at 116 mm above B and at 332 mm to the left of A. the pivot point 52 of the lever 39 is 80 mm to the left of A and at 1 368 mm above B. the knee lever 50 is connected by a hinge pin to a lug 58 secured to the member 53

  the axis is centered at 80 min to the left of A and 1,017 mm

  B The connection between the knee brace 50 and the

  lever 39 is located 248 min from articulation 52, the

  Between the latter and the center of the fixed fixation point being 356 mm. The connecting rods of the toggle joint each have articulation openings remote from each other.

125 mmn.

  Finally, the actuating member 20 has a length

  1 100 mmn, the lever 34 being hinged to it

  tower of a center 580 mm from the center of

  tion of the elastic device 25 on it and 520 mm from the axis 30 which couples the actuating member 20 to the sliding plate 16; the axis 30 is centered at 170 mm to the left of A. During operation, when the lever 34 pivots clockwise or counter-clockwise on the shaft

  , the actuating member 20 moves in the direction sensi-

  parallel to itself, the movement of its lower end being limited to a vertical plane The articulation of the lever 34 and the operating member moves in a curved path C while the articulation of the device

  spring 25 and the operating device moves next

  The force applied by the elastic device 25 to the actuating member 20, perpendicularly thereto, is maximum in the closed position of

  When the shutter is open, the shutter

  The normal strength of the force decreases due to the pivoting of the elastic device 25 around the attachment point 51, this pivoting reducing the angle formed by the device

  elastic and the longitudinal axis of the operating member 20.

  As a result, the force applied in the normal direction

  this axis by the actuator 20 on the sliding plate

  health 16 decreases similarly when opening

shutter 14.

  The following table shows the forces applied when the sliding plate is raised from its position of

  closing (1) at the limit of its stroke (9), the other posi-

  being regularly distributed between the two posi-

previous statements.

  Applied force Applied force Component by the device at the normal neck plate

  elastic tif smoothing perpen thrust

  osition on the diculairament organ to plicated to the

  maneuver, in the organ of my plate

  direction of pendulous smoothing

N 104 N 104 N

9 2.59 2.89 2.62

8 3.15 3.51 3.15

7 3.60 4.02 3.55

6 3.98 4.44 3.90

4.34 4.84 4.25

4.60 5.13 4.50

3.74 5.29 4.66

2.85 5.41 4.80

1 4.94 5.51 4.95

  In this example, the increase factor of

  force by multiplication, introduced by the 2 U organ of

  work, is equal to 580/520 is 1,115.

  The foregoing description shows that the provision

  remittance of the sliding plate 16 in contact with

  with the fixed plate 15 and the device intended to

  the plate 16 so that the shutter 14 opens are dis-

  placed on one side of the mechanism and on one side of the pouring passage The shutter is therefore essential of itself in all the cases where the available space is limited to only one side of a casting passage Thus, the use of such a shutter is not limited to the setting of the taphole

an oven.

  Other variants are possible. For example, the operating device can act other than via the lever 46 and the shaft 35 when

  moves the linkage 28 Thus, in a variant, the dis-

  Positive maneuver can be coupled to axis 30 In principle,

  the elastic device 25 can act on the operating member 20 at any point between the lever 34 and

  the sliding plate 16, the elastic device work-

  then in tension The positions of lever 34 and

  elastic device can then be exchanged.

  In the particular embodiment

  dere, the linkage is made so that the end

  bottom of the actuating member 20 moves vertically.

  In a variant, the linkage 28 can be replaced by

  placed by a vertical guide in which the ex-

  lower end of the operating member 20.

  The entire oven and the shutter is such that the shutter 14 and its mechanism are disposed between the wall 70 of the furnace and the channel 21, the shutter being

  connected by a suitable conduit to the pouring hole of the furnace.

  Mounting the shutter mechanism on the oven wall

  can be achieved in a variety of ways, this fixation does not

  not itself in the context of the invention.

  Of course, various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art to the devices that have just been described as examples only.

  limiting without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

  A shutter mechanism for adjusting a metal current from the outlet of a container, the mechanism comprising a fixed plate having a hole Loe and a complementary sliding shutter plate for covering or exposing the orifice of the first plate so that the shutter is open or closed, said mechanism   characterized in that it comprises a body of   piece (20) arranged obliquely with respect to the plate   slider (16) and intended to move it, a dis-   elastic positive (25) pushing the operating member (20) against the sliding plate (16) so that it is pushed against the fixed plate (15), and a device (28) for guiding the operating member (20) so that it moves in such a way that a part of the operating member (20) which cooperates with the slide plate (16) moves in a plane parallel to the contacting faces shutter plates.   2 Mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the guiding device of the operating member is a device (18) parallel displacement, so that the obliquity of the actuating member (20) is retained during its displacement during the opening and the closing the shutter (14).   3 Mechanism according to one of claims 1 and 2,   characterized in that the guiding device of the operating member (20) is a linkage (28) of which the operating member (20) is part, the linkage (28) comprising two oscillating levers (34, 25) hinged each on the operating member (20) and on a support structure (23) of the mechanism.   4 Mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that one of the levers (25) is a spring rod and is the elastic device which reminds the organ   operating mechanism (20) against the slide plate (16).   Mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that the spring rod (25) is articulated at a point   fixed (51) carried by the support structure (23) and retaining   naked on it by a toggle linkage (50)   designed to release the fixed point (51) and thus remove the return of the actuating member (20) by the elastic rod (25). 6 Mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the fixed point (51) is on a lever (39) articulated on the support structure (23) but whose pivoting is normally prevented by the linkage to knee brace (50).   7 Mechanism according to any one of the claims   4, 5 and 6, characterized in that the elastic link (25) acting on the operating member (20) is compressed and is further away from the sliding plate (16).   than the other lever (34) of the linkage (28).   8 Mechanism according to any one of the claims   3 to 7, characterized in that the lengths of the   of the pair (34, 25) and the positions of the articula-   tions (35, 51) of these levers on the support structure (23), relative to the plane of the contact faces of the plates (15, 16) of the shutter, are such that the obliquity of the operating member (20) is retained when that organ   moves by opening or closing the shutter (14).   Macanism according to any one of the claims   1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises a maneuvering device (26) intended to move the operating member (20).   Mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that the operating device (26) is a jack hydraulic or pneumatic.   Mechanism according to one of claims 9 and 10   considered with any one of claims 3 to 8,   characterized in that the operating device (26) acts on a bent lever (46) fixed on a shaft (35) on which one of the levers (34) articulated on the actuating member (20) is also fixed, this tree (35) can rotate   relative to the support structure (23).   1.4 12 furnace comprising a taphole in its wall and a casting channel for transporting the metal poured through the taphole to a receiving container, said furnace being characterized in that it comprises a mechanism   shutter according to any one of the preceding claims.   centees, disposed between the taphole and the channel (21), the actuating member (20) being arranged obliquely and upwardly away from the channel (21), and the elastic device (25) and the device (28) are placed on the side of the sliding plate (16) which is opposed to that of the casting channel (21).