FR2503835A1 - Wood or coal burning boiler - receives primary air between two secondary air ducts inside water jacket discharging into chimneys - Google Patents

Wood or coal burning boiler - receives primary air between two secondary air ducts inside water jacket discharging into chimneys Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2503835A1
FR2503835A1 FR8107367A FR8107367A FR2503835A1 FR 2503835 A1 FR2503835 A1 FR 2503835A1 FR 8107367 A FR8107367 A FR 8107367A FR 8107367 A FR8107367 A FR 8107367A FR 2503835 A1 FR2503835 A1 FR 2503835A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
jacket
chimneys
wood
boiler
secondary air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
FR8107367A
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French (fr)
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MENIERS MICHAEL
Original Assignee
MENIERS MICHAEL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MENIERS MICHAEL filed Critical MENIERS MICHAEL
Priority to FR8107367A priority Critical patent/FR2503835A1/en
Publication of FR2503835A1 publication Critical patent/FR2503835A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B50/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone
    • F23B50/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel forming a column, stack or thick layer with the combustion zone at its bottom
    • F23B50/10—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel forming a column, stack or thick layer with the combustion zone at its bottom with the combustion zone at the bottom of fuel-filled conduits ending at the surface of a fuel bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B80/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2230/00—Solid fuel fired boiler

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The solid fuel water boiler, using wood or coal, has a double walled upright casing (1) forming a water jacket enclosing the combustion chamber. The jacket has suitable connections for circulating a hot water supply. The sides of the jacket slope inwards at the bottom so that the fuel is supported in a self regulating manner. Attached to each sloping side (5,6), on the inside, is an air duct for secondary air. Primary air enters between the sloping sides, at the bottom. These ducts terminate at the open bottoms of two chimneys (8,9) mounted on the vertical interior of the upper part of the jacket. These continue horizontally to terminate in a common chimney (10) discharging at right angles. Secondary air can be supplied to the ducts by pipes (11,12) underneath.

Description

Nouvelle chaudière pour la combustion complète et contrôlée de charbon ou de bois.New boiler for complete and controlled combustion of coal or wood.

La présente demande concerne une nouvelle chaudière pour la combustion complète et contrôlée du charbon et/ou du bois. The present application concerns a new boiler for the complete and controlled combustion of coal and / or wood.

On sait que la combustion de charbons et/ou de bois donne naissance à la production de composés volatils (fumées) qui renferment des gaz ou des partie cules très fines de composés combustibles. On a déjà préconisé de récupérer des calories complémentaires en mélanqeant de l'air secondaire à ces composés volatils afin de réaliser leur combustion ; mais dans les dispositifs connus qui utilisent ce principe de combustion complémentaire on se heurte le plus souvent à des difficultés qui rendent le procédé peut intéressant. It is known that the combustion of coals and / or wood gives rise to the production of volatile compounds (fumes) which contain gases or very fine particles of combustible compounds. It has already been recommended to recover additional calories by mixing secondary air with these volatile compounds in order to achieve their combustion; but in known devices which use this principle of complementary combustion, we most often come up against difficulties which make the process interesting.

La présente demande concerne une nouvelle chaudière permettant de réaliser la combustion de charbon ou de bois dans un foyer classique et une combustion complémentaire efficace des éléments combustibles contenus dans les fumées de la combustion principale. The present application relates to a new boiler making it possible to carry out the combustion of coal or wood in a conventional hearth and an efficient complementary combustion of the combustible elements contained in the fumes of the main combustion.

Cette chaudiere nouvelle qui permet une combustion complète et contrôlée de charbon ou de bois est caractérisé par deux éléments essentiels
- d'une part elle comporte sur ses parois lat-
ralles, en contact avec la jaquette d'eau
entourant ladite chaudière, deux cheminées
présentant une ouverture de base située en
position basse dans ladite chaudière,
- d'autre part, elle comporte des arrivées d'air
secondaire qui débouchent au voisinage des
ouvertures de base desdites cheminées, et qui,
traversant la partie de la chaudière dans
laquelle se déroule la combustion vive, amenent
à ces cheminées de l'air chaud. This new boiler which allows a complete and controlled combustion of coal or wood is characterized by two essential elements
- on the one hand it has on its lat walls-
ralls, in contact with the water jacket
surrounding said boiler, two chimneys
having a base opening located in
low position in said boiler,
- on the other hand, it has air inlets
secondary which open in the vicinity of
base openings of said chimneys, and which,
crossing the part of the boiler in
which takes place the lively combustion, bring
to these hot air chimneys.

Bien évidemment ladite chaudière comporte également une grille sur laquelle se déroule la combustion vive du charbon ou du bois, une porte permettant le chargement en combustible, et éventuellement un dispositif permettant, en fonction par exemple de la température de l'eau en un point déterminé de la jaquette, de régler la quantité d'air primaire admise, dans le combustible, à travers la grille. Obviously said boiler also includes a grate on which takes place the lively combustion of coal or wood, a door for loading fuel, and possibly a device allowing, depending for example on the temperature of the water at a determined point. of the dust jacket, adjust the amount of primary air admitted into the fuel through the grate

De plus, la chaudière selon l'invention a très avantageusement la forme d'un cylindre, terminé à sa partie inférieure par un tronc de cône dont la plus petite base est située vers le bas et comporte la grille. In addition, the boiler according to the invention very advantageously has the shape of a cylinder, terminated at its lower part by a truncated cone, the smallest base of which is situated downwards and comprises the grid.

C'est dans cette réalisation particulière mais non limitative que l'invention sera illustrée par les
schémas 1, 2 et 3.It is in this particular but non-limiting embodiment that the invention will be illustrated by the
diagrams 1, 2 and 3.

Le schéma 1 représente en perspective la structure de la jaquette d'eau pourvue des cheminées et arrivées d'air. Diagram 1 shows in perspective the structure of the water jacket provided with chimneys and air inlets.

Le schéma 2 représente une coupe élévation selon Il, Il de la jaquette selon la figure 1 (sur ce schéma on a représenté le combustible constitué par des billes de bois). Diagram 2 represents an elevation section along II, II of the jacket according to FIG. 1 (on this diagram the fuel constituted by wooden balls has been represented).

Le schéma 3 représente une coupe transversale, selon III, III de la jaquette selon le schéma 2. Diagram 3 represents a cross section, according to III, III of the jacket according to diagram 2.

Le schéma 1 représente une jaquette (1) d'eau d'une chaudière, apte à bruler le bois ou le charbon, selon l'invention. Cette jaquette représente une double paroi fermée dans laquelle circule l'eau d'une installation de chauffage (l'arrivée et le départ de l'eau n'ont pas été représentés).Cette jaquette est insérée dans la chaudière proprement dite où forme elle-même, à l'aide d'une plaque de fond et une plaque de face comportant une porte permettant le chargement en combustible, ladite chaudière ; ainsi ladite jaquette forme la face supérieure (2) et deux faces latérales (3)et(4) de la chaudière ; on notera que les deux faces latérales de la jaquette sont perpendiculaires à la face supérieure de cette chaudière mais que, de préférence, la partie inférieure de ces faces latérales est formée de deux plans inclinés 5 et 6 , vers le centre, délimitant un esnace relativement étroit où sera située la grille 7 de la chaudière. Diagram 1 represents a jacket (1) of water from a boiler, capable of burning wood or coal, according to the invention. This jacket represents a double closed wall in which circulates the water of a heating installation (the arrival and the departure of the water were not represented). This jacket is inserted in the boiler proper where it forms -same, using a bottom plate and a face plate having a door for loading fuel, said boiler; thus said jacket forms the upper face (2) and two lateral faces (3) and (4) of the boiler; it will be noted that the two lateral faces of the jacket are perpendicular to the upper face of this boiler but that, preferably, the lower part of these lateral faces is formed by two inclined planes 5 and 6, towards the center, delimiting a space relatively narrow where the grid 7 of the boiler will be located.

Sur chacune des faces latérales dé la jaquette et à l'intérieur de celle-ci on soude deux cheminées 8 et 9 qui sont ouvertes à leur partie inférieure laquelle se situe avantageusement au voisinage de l'endroit où les faces latérales de la chaudière forment des plans inclinés. La hauteur à laquelle ces deux ouvertures sont situées est importante car elle détermine de fait la zone de combustion vive dans la chaudière ; on peut considérer que la combustion vive (avec flamme) du combustible contenu dans la chaudière se déroule dans le volume situé entre la grille et ses ouvertures alors que dans le volume situé au-dessus de ces ouvertures on note simplement une combustion lente du combustible (ou méme une absence de combustion). On each of the side faces of the jacket and inside thereof, two chimneys 8 and 9 are welded which are open at their lower part which advantageously lies in the vicinity of the place where the side faces of the boiler form inclined planes. The height at which these two openings are located is important because it effectively determines the zone of lively combustion in the boiler; we can consider that the lively combustion (with flame) of the fuel contained in the boiler takes place in the volume located between the grate and its openings whereas in the volume located above these openings we simply note a slow combustion of the fuel ( or even an absence of combustion).

Les deux cheminées 8 et 9 se prolongent sur la face supérieure de la jaquette, se rejoignent et sont reliées à l'extérieur par une chemin8e commune 10. The two chimneys 8 and 9 extend on the upper face of the jacket, meet and are connected to the outside by a common path 8e 10.

Par la partie inférieure de la jaquette on amène de l'air secondaire au moyen de deux tubes 11 et 12. Ces tubes débouchent au voisinage immédiat des ouvertures inférieures des cheminées 9 et 8. Traversant la zone de combustion vive de la chaudière, ces tubes amènent de l'air chaud dans les cheminées. Dans ces conditions on constate que les éléments combustibles encore contenus dans les fumées (qui s'échappent dans les cheminées 8 et 9) sont brumés dans lesdites cheminées en provoquant l'apparition de calories supplé- mentaires qui sont immédiatement transmis à l'eau de la jaquette.  By the lower part of the jacket, secondary air is supplied by means of two tubes 11 and 12. These tubes open in the immediate vicinity of the lower openings of the chimneys 9 and 8. These tubes passing through the zone of lively combustion of the boiler bring hot air into the chimneys. Under these conditions, it can be seen that the combustible elements still contained in the flue gases (which escape in the chimneys 8 and 9) are clouded in the said chimneys, causing the appearance of additional calories which are immediately transmitted to the water of the dust jacket.

Le règlage de la combustion peut être réalisé par un réglage (plus ou moins grande ouverture) de l'air primaire passant au travers de la grille pour assurer la combustion du combustible et/ou par un rèalage de l'air secondaire admis. The combustion adjustment can be carried out by adjusting (more or less large opening) the primary air passing through the grate to ensure the combustion of the fuel and / or by adjusting the secondary air admitted.

Pour donner un ordre de grandeur des dimensions d'une chaudière selon l'invention on notera
- que la face supérieure de la jaquette a une
forme rectangulaire de 60 x 52 cm,
- que la hauteur totale de la jaquette est de
80 cm et que la hauteur des parois latérales
verticales est de l'ordre de 55 à 60 cm,
- que la largeur des cheminées est de l'ordre
de 20 cm, leur profondeur de 4 à 5 cm,
- que la grille présente une surface de l'ordre
de 60 x 10 cm.To give an order of magnitude for the dimensions of a boiler according to the invention, it will be noted
- that the upper face of the jacket has a
rectangular shape of 60 x 52 cm,
- that the total height of the dust jacket is
80 cm and the height of the side walls
vertical is around 55 to 60 cm,
- that the width of the chimneys is around
20 cm, their depth 4 to 5 cm,
- that the grid has an area of the order
of 60 x 10 cm.

Les chaudières dites "GAZABOIS" ou à "combustion double"
selon l'invention peuvent économiser à production
calorique égale jusqu'à 30% de bois en marche economique. Boilers called "GAZABOIS" or "double combustion"
according to the invention can save production
caloric equal up to 30% of wood in economic market.

Claims (1)

REVENDICATIONCLAIM 1.1. Nouvelle chaudière pour assurer la combustion complète et contrôlée de charbon ou de bois , caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un élément formant jaquette dans laquelle circule l'eau utilisée à l'exté- rieur, au moins deux cheminées disposées sur les parois latérales dudit élement présentant chacune une ouverture situee en position basse dans ladite chaudière et des arrivées d'air secondaire débouchant au voisinage de chaque ouverture de la cheminée après avoir traversé la partie de ladite chaudière dans laquelle se déroule la combustion vive du combustible.  New boiler to ensure complete and controlled combustion of charcoal or wood, characterized in that it comprises a jacket-forming element in which the water used outside circulates, at least two chimneys arranged on the side walls of said element each having an opening located in the low position in said boiler and secondary air inlets opening out in the vicinity of each opening of the chimney after passing through the part of said boiler in which the lively combustion of the fuel takes place.
FR8107367A 1981-04-13 1981-04-13 Wood or coal burning boiler - receives primary air between two secondary air ducts inside water jacket discharging into chimneys Pending FR2503835A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8107367A FR2503835A1 (en) 1981-04-13 1981-04-13 Wood or coal burning boiler - receives primary air between two secondary air ducts inside water jacket discharging into chimneys

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8107367A FR2503835A1 (en) 1981-04-13 1981-04-13 Wood or coal burning boiler - receives primary air between two secondary air ducts inside water jacket discharging into chimneys

Publications (1)

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FR2503835A1 true FR2503835A1 (en) 1982-10-15

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FR (1) FR2503835A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2821698A1 (en) * 2013-05-01 2015-01-07 Aristidis Afentoulidis Secondary tube combustion chamber located in the primary combustion chamber of a solid biofuel gasification boiler

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR808783A (en) * 1935-11-05 1937-02-15 Fireplace generator with gasifier and burner device
CH193570A (en) * 1937-02-16 1937-10-31 Von Roll Ag Firing device for gas-rich solid fuels in central heating boilers, stoves and stoves.
US2374808A (en) * 1941-11-19 1945-05-01 Louise E Marks Gravity-fed coal furnace
FR59802E (en) * 1948-10-05 1954-08-23 Domestic or industrial devices and appliances automatically ensuring the complete combustion of solid fuels
FR2398979A1 (en) * 1977-07-28 1979-02-23 Landreau Andre Central heating system boiler - has two vertical smoke channels on sides of combustion chamber, with upper refractory lining
FR2414174A1 (en) * 1978-01-06 1979-08-03 Le Mer Joseph Wood fuelled central heating boiler - has hood within combustion chamber to guide flue gases over inner surface of insulated water jacket

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR808783A (en) * 1935-11-05 1937-02-15 Fireplace generator with gasifier and burner device
CH193570A (en) * 1937-02-16 1937-10-31 Von Roll Ag Firing device for gas-rich solid fuels in central heating boilers, stoves and stoves.
US2374808A (en) * 1941-11-19 1945-05-01 Louise E Marks Gravity-fed coal furnace
FR59802E (en) * 1948-10-05 1954-08-23 Domestic or industrial devices and appliances automatically ensuring the complete combustion of solid fuels
FR2398979A1 (en) * 1977-07-28 1979-02-23 Landreau Andre Central heating system boiler - has two vertical smoke channels on sides of combustion chamber, with upper refractory lining
FR2414174A1 (en) * 1978-01-06 1979-08-03 Le Mer Joseph Wood fuelled central heating boiler - has hood within combustion chamber to guide flue gases over inner surface of insulated water jacket

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2821698A1 (en) * 2013-05-01 2015-01-07 Aristidis Afentoulidis Secondary tube combustion chamber located in the primary combustion chamber of a solid biofuel gasification boiler

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