FI92073C - Voitelurasvaseos - Google Patents

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Publication number
FI92073C
FI92073C FI873091A FI873091A FI92073C FI 92073 C FI92073 C FI 92073C FI 873091 A FI873091 A FI 873091A FI 873091 A FI873091 A FI 873091A FI 92073 C FI92073 C FI 92073C
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FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
weight
thickener
fat
viscosity
lithium
Prior art date
Application number
FI873091A
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English (en)
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
FI92073B (fi
FI873091A0 (fi
FI873091A (fi
Inventor
Albert Gordon Alexander
Donald William Murray
Original Assignee
Exxon Research Engineering Co
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Publication date
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Publication of FI873091A0 publication Critical patent/FI873091A0/fi
Publication of FI873091A publication Critical patent/FI873091A/fi
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Publication of FI92073B publication Critical patent/FI92073B/fi
Publication of FI92073C publication Critical patent/FI92073C/fi

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    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/02—Mixtures of base-materials and thickeners
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    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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    • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
    • C10M2207/345—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
    • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
    • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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Description

92073
Voitelurasvaseos * Tama keksinto kohdistuu voitelurasvaan, jolla on toivotut 5 ominaisuudet laajoilla låmp6tila-alueilla.
Ulkona kåytettåvien laitteiden, kuten raskaiden tuotanto-, rakennus- tai kaivoslaitteiden riittåvå voitelu voi estyå useista eri syistå. Tållaisten laitteiden laakereiden ja 10 voimansiirtolaitteiden on usein toimittava suurten tai åkil-listen kuormitusten olosuhteissa, pienillå nopeuksilla ja hiekan ja muun kuluttavan materiaalin låsnåollessa. Tållai-sissa olosuhteissa kåytettyjen rasvojen on sisållettåvå 61-jyjå, joilla on suhteellisen korkea viskositeetti normaa-15 leissa kåyttolåmpotiloissa liikkuvien osien vahingoittumisen eståmiseksi, sillå suojaavan voiteluaineen kalvon paksuus kasvaa, kun 61jyn viskositeetti ja liukumisnopeus kasvavat, ja laskee suorassa suhteessa vaikuttavaan kuormitukseen. On selvåå, ettå voitelevan kalvon paksuuden on oltava suurempi 20 kuin kuluttavien hiukkasten halkaisija, mikåli aiotaan ai-kaansaada riittåvå laakeri- ja hammaspy6råpintojen suojaus. Sitå paitsi tållaisissa p61yisisså ympåristdisså kåytettyjen rasvojen on kestettåvå upoksiin joutumista korkeissa ympå-rist6n kesålåmp6tiloissa riittåvån tiivistyskyvyn yllåpitå-25 miseksi laakereiden ja hammaspydrien akselin ympårillå, jot-. ... ta estettåisiin lian ja kuluttavien materiaalien sisåånpåå-sy. Nåin olien nåihin sovellutuksiin tarkoitetuilla hyvån suorituskyvyn rasvoilla on oltava kohtuullisen kova konsistenssi sekå suhteellisen korkea 61jyn viskositeetti keså-30 kåyttoolosuhteita vårten.
. . ;·1' Tållaisissa raskaissa laitteissa kåytettyihin automaattisiin voitelusysteemeihin liittyy usein pitkien, halkaiisijaltaan , suhteellisen pienten putkien kåytt6 rasvan sy6ttåmiseksi kes- 35 kusvarastokohdasta voideltavalle laakerille tai hammaspyårål-le. Vaikka tåmå ei normaalisti muodosta mitåån ongelmaa ympå-ristSn kesålåmpåtiloissa, kyky sy6ttåå rasvaa nåiden putkien låpi voideltaviin osiin talven ympåristolåmpdtiloissa on usein 2 92073 rajoittava tekijå rasvan valinnassa. The National Lubricating Grease Institute -niminen laitos on kehittånyt sarjan nomo-grairaneja, joiden avulla syåtettåvyys voidaan laskea useista tekijoistå, joita ovat putken pituus, putken halkaisija, pump-5 pauspaine ja rasvan nåennåisviskositeetti. Alalia on hyvin tunnettua, ettå rasvan nåennåinen viskositeetti on pååasiassa funktio perusoljyn viskositeetista ja rasvan konsistenssista sy6tt61åmp0tilassa. Tåstå johtuen subarktisilla alueilla, joilla ympåristdn låmp6tilat voivat vaihdella vain -40°C:sta 10 talvella jopa 35°C:een kesållå, rasvan ominaisuuksille asete-taan ristiriitaisia vaatimuksia. Talvella perusåljyn alhainen viskositeetti ja pehmeå konsistenssi ovat edullisia hyvån syo-tettåvyyden kannalta, kun taas kesållå suhteellisen korkea . viskositeetti ja kova konsistenssi ovat edullisia riittåvån 15 voitelun ja tiivistyksen aikaansaamiseksi lian ja kuluttavien materiaalien tunkeutumista vastaan.
US-patentissa 3 813 338 esitetåån tekstiilikoneissa kåytettå-våksi tarkoitettu voiteluaine, joka sisåltåå nafteenista pe-20 rusoljyå, 0,3-6 paino-% polyolefiinia takertumisaineena ja 0,1-1,5 paino-% litiumsaippuaa.
US-patentissa 4 075 112 ja US-patentissa 4 075 113 esitetåån rasvaseoksia, jotka sisåltåvåt 2-15 paino-% alumiinisaippuaa, 25 25-97 % 4 hiiliatomia sisåltåvån mono-olefiinisen hiilivedyn .. hydrattua tai ei-hydrattua polymeeria, jonka keskimååråinen molekyylipaino on vålillå 300-2500, ja 0-60 paino-% voitelu61-jyå, joka on edullisesti mineraali61jy.
30 JP-patenttijulkaisussa J5-9109595 esitetåån litiumsaippua, joka voi sisåltåå puhdistettua perusraaka-ainetta, joka on * peråisin epåpuhtaista nafteenisista, parafiinisista ja seka-perusaineista. Synteettisten voiteluåljyjen esitetåån myos olevan hySdyllisiå. Nåitå synteettisiå oljyjå ovat alfa-ole- 35 fiinien polymeerit ja kopolymeerit. 1 · 3 92073 JP-patenttijulkaisuissa J5-9142291-3 esitetåån litiumia si-såltåviå voiteluaineita, jotka koostuvat alifaattisesta hii-livetyoljystå.
5 JP-patenttijulkaisussa J5-8122996 esitetåån rasvaseos, jossa on litiumpaksunninta ja perus61jyå, joka koostuu oleellisesti nafteenisesta C19-C30-hiilivedystå.
US-patentissa 3 112 270 esitetåån rasva, joka koostuu mine-10 raali61jystå, eteenipolymeerista ja saippuapaksuntimesta.
US-patentissa 3 114 708 esitetåån kuivan rasvaseoksen valmis-tus, joka sisåltåå 20-75 paino-% polyolefiinia.
15 US-patentissa 3 813 338 esitetåån tekstiilikoneille tarkoi-tettu, pysyvyydeltåån hyvå paksunnettu 61jyvoiteluaine, joka sisåltåå nafteenista perusdljyå, polyolefiinia ja litiumpaksunninta .
20 US-patentissa 3 539 512 esitetåån perusåljyn ja polyolefiini-paksuntimen yhdiståminen rasvan valmistamiseksi, jolla on vå-håinen valumistaipumus.
US-patentissa 3 541 011 esitetåån geelivoiteluaine, joka koos-25 tuu mineraaliåljystå ja polyeteenipaksuntimesta.
•« US-patentissa 4 406 800 esitetåån rasva, joka on hyodyllinen laajalla låmpotila-alueella ja joka koostuu polyalfa-olefii-niperusnesteestå ja paksuntimesta.
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Olisi edullista aikaansaada rasva, jolla on hyvåksyttåvåt . 1 syotto- ja voiteluominaisuudet laajalla låmp6tila-alueella.
Olisi rqt6s toivottavaa aikaansaada rasva, jolla on korkea 61-35 jyn viskositeetti ja suhteellisen kova konsistenssi låmpimållå såållå ja suhteellisen pehmeå konsistenssi ja suhteellisen , alhainen nåennåisviskositeetti pumppausta vårten kylmållå såållå.
4 92073
Olisi my6s toivottavaa saada aikaan rasva, joka on suhteelli-sen halpa valmistaa, on stabiili leikkausvoimien suhteen, kes-tåå upoksiin joutumista ja jolla on hyvåt åårimmåisen paineen ja kulumisenesto-ominaisuudet.
5 Tåmå keksinto kohdistuu voitelurasvaseokseen, joka sisåltåå: A. 61jykomponenttia, jonka viskositeetti-indeksi on yli noin 100 ja jåhmettymispiste alle noin -20°C ja joka sisåltåå noin 10 30-90 paino-% synteettistå nestettå, joka on valittu ryhmåstå kåsittåen lineaarisia C8-C12-alfa-olefiineja sisåltåvåt polyal-fa-olefiinit, diesterit, polyoliesterit, korkean viskositeet-ti-indeksin omaavat isoparafiinit ja niiden seokset, mainitun synteettisen nesteen viskositeetin ollessa våhintåån 50‘IC6 15 mVs 40°C:ssa, ja noin 70 - noin 10 paino-% mineraalidljyå, jonka jåhmettymispiste on alle noin -20°C; ja B. paksunnosainetta.
20 Keksinn6n oleelliset tunnusmerkit on esitetty oheisissa pa-tenttivaatimuksissa.
Rasvaseoksen åljykomponentti sisåltåå edullisesti n. 30-90 paino-% synteettistå 61jyå, edullisemmin n. 40-80 paino-% syn-25 teettistå 61jyå ja 70-10 paino-% ja edullisesti 60-20 paino-% .* mineraalidljyå. Synteettisen 61jyn viskositeetti on edullisesti våhintåån 50· ΙΟ*6 m2/s ja edullisemmin våhintåån 100-ΙΟ"6 m2/s 40°C:ssa. Synteettinen 61jy valitaan edullisesti polyolefii-neista, estereistå, polyestereistå, korkean VI-arvon isopara-30 fiineista ja niiden seoksista polyalfa-olefiinien ollessa eri-.. tyisen edullisia. Polyalfa-olefiinit koostuvat edullisesti
Cg-Cjj-monoalfa-olefiinia olevista rakennesegmenteistå.
Rakennusaine sisåltåå edullisesti n. 5-30 paino-% rasvahapon, 35 kuten steariinihapon tai 12-hydroksisteariinihapon litium-, kalsium-, alumiini- ja/tai bariumsaippuaa tai rasvahappojen kompleksisia kalsium-, litium-, barium- ja/tai alumiinisaippu-oita/suoloja alemman molekyylipainon yksi- tai kaksiemåksisten 5 92073 happojen kuten atselaiini- tai bentsoehapon kanssa tai modifi-oitua savipaksunninta. Erityisen edullisia ovat yksinkertaiset tai monimutkaiset litium-, barium-, kalsium- tai alumiinisaip-puat ja niiden seokset litiumsuolojen ollessa erityisen edul-5 lisia. Litiumia sisåltåvå paksunnin koostuu edullisesti moni-‘ mutkaisesta litiumsaippua/suolasta. Erityisen edullisia ovat litiumsaippuat/suolat, jotka on muodostettu 12-hydroksistea-riinihapon ja/tai atselaiinihapon in situ -saippuointireak-tiolla.
10 Tåmån keksinndn voitelurasvasta on erityistå hydtyå, kun ympå-riston låmpdtila vaihtelee våhintåån yli 50°C:n.
Tåmå keksintd kohdistuu voitelurasvaseokseen, josta on eri-15 tyistå hyåtyå, kun ympåristdn låmpdtila vaihtelee suhteellisen laajalla alueella.
Mineraalidljyjen viskositeetti on edullisesti pienempi kuin synteettisen nesteen viskositeetti sillå låmpdtila-alueella, 20 jolle kåyttdå on ajateltu.
Jotta voitaisiin yhdiståå korkein mahdollinen 61jyn viskositeetti kesån ympårist61åmp6tiloissa tyydyttåvån voitelun ai-kaansaamiseksi, matalimpaan mahdolliseen dljyn viskositeet-25 tiin talven ympåristdlåmpdtiloissa tyydyttåvån sydtdn takaa- » : miseksi, rasvassa kåytetyillå perusdljyillå tai perusfiljyjen yhdistelmållå tulee olla suhteellisen suuri viskositeetti-indeks! ja suhteellisen alhainen jåhmettymispiste. Kuten taulu-kossa 1 ja taulukossa 2 olevat tulokset osoittavat, parhaat 30 korkean viskositeetti-indeksin ja alhaisen jåhmettymispisteen yhdistelmåt saadaan seoksista, jotka sisåltåvåt matalan vis-. kositeetin ja alhaisen jåhmettymispisteen dljyjå (nafteenisia tai synteettisiå) ja suhteellisen korkean viskositeetin ja . korkean viskositeetti-indeksin nesteitå.
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Sopivalla rasvalla tulee olla dljykomponentin viskositeetti-indeksi yli n. 100 ja edullisesti yli n. 125. Samoin 61jyn 6 92073 jåhmettymispisteen tulee olla alle n. -20°C, edullisesti alle n. -30°C ja edullisemmin alle n. -40°C.
Kunkin rasvakomponentin koostumus esitetåån yksityiskohtai-5 sesti alla: A. Svnteettinen neste
Synteettisen nesteen viskositeetti-indeksin on oltava suhteel-teellisen suuri. Synteettinen neste voi sisåltåå polyalfa-ole-10 fiineja, diestereitå, polyoliestereitå, monimutkaisia esterei-tå, suuren viskositeetti-indeksin isoparaf£iineja, jotka on valmistettu hydrokrakkaamalla tax hydroisomeroimalla vahoja ja niiden seoksia. Nåistå polyalfa-olefiinit ovat erityisen edul-lisia, sillå monia on kaupallisesti saatavana. Edullisten hyd-15 rattujen polyalfa-olefiinien viskositeetit ovat vålillå 8-150-10-6 m2/s 100°C:ssa, viskositeetti-indeksit ovat våhintåån 125 ja jåhmettymispisteet alle n. -20°C, edullisesti alle n.
-30°C ja edullisemmin alle n. -40°C. Tållaisia polyalfa-ole-fiineja voidaan valmistaa lineaarisista alfaolefiineista, jot-20 ka sisåltåvåt n. 8-12 hiiliatomia, oligomerointiprosessilla, joka tuottaa nåiden olefiinien dimeerejå, trimeerejå, tetra-meerejå, pentameerejå jne. Yleenså polyalfa-olefiinien viskositeetti kasvaa oligomeerien molekyylipainon kasvaessa, kun taas mono-olefiinin hiilten lukumåårå, lineaarisuus ja tyydyt-25 tåmått6myyden sijainti måårååvåt polyalfa-olefiinioligomeerin : viskositeetti-indeksin ja jåhmettymispisteen. Yleenså mitå suurempi on mono-olefiinin hiilten lukumåårå, sitå suurempi on oligomeerin viskositeetti-indeksi ja sitå korkeampi sen jåh-mettymispiste. Ei-lineaariset mono-olefiinit eivåt ole edulli-30 sia, sillå ne pyrkivåt tuottamaan alemman viskositeetti-indeksin oligomeereja. Sisåiset olefiinimonomeerit tuottavat my6s * haaroittuneempia polyolefiinirakenteita, joilla on alemmat viskositeetti-indeksit ja yleenså alemmat jåhmettymispisteet. Tyydyttåvå jåhmettymispisteen ja viskositeetti-indeksin yhdis- 35 telmå on saatu polymeroimalla lineaaristen C10-alfaolefiinien monomeereja ja hydraamalla saatu polymeeri.
• · 7 92073 B. Mineraalidljy Tåmån keksinn5n mineraalioljy on peråisin raakaoljystå ja edullisesti sen jåhmettymispiste on alle -20°C, edullisemmin alle -30°C ja edullisimmin alle -40°C. Mineraaliåljy voi koos-5 tua mistå tahansa hiilivetyvirrasta, jolla on haluttu jåhmet-* tymispiste. Nafteeniset oljyt, kuten muuntajaoljy ja/tai vårt- tinå61jy ja niiden seokset ovat erityisen edullisia. Kun kåy-tetåån 61jyjå, joiden jåhmettymispisteet ovat yli -20°C, on havaittu, ettei rasvalla ole vaadittavia alhaisen låmpåtilan 10 syottoominaisuuksia.
C. Paksunnosaine Tåmån keksimtån paksunnosaine muodostaa edullisesti n. 5-30 paino-% rasvasta ja edullisesti n. 5-20 paino-% rasvaseokses-15 ta. Paksunnosaine koostuu edullisesti rasvahapon, kuten stea-riinihapon tai 12-hydroksisteariinihapon yksinkertaisesta kal-sium-, litium-, alumiini- ja/tai bariumsaippuasta tai nåiden rasvahappojen monimutkaisista kalsium-, litium-, barium- ja/-tai alumiinisaippuoista/suoloista yhdesså alemman molekyyli-20 painon yksi- tai kaksiemåksisen hapon, kuten atselaiini- tai bentsoehapon kanssa, tai modifioidusta savipaksuntimesta. Erityisen edullisia ovat yksinkertaiset tai monimutkaiset litium- , barium-, kalsium- tai alumiinisaippuat ja niiden seokset litiumsaippuoiden ollessa erityisen edullisia. Litiumia 25 sisåltåvå paksunnosaine koostuu edullisesti monimutkaisesta : litiumsaippua/suolasta. Erityisen edullisia ovat litiumsaip- puat/suolat, jotka on muodostettu 12-hydroksisteariinihapon ja/tai atselaiinihapon in situ -saippuointireaktiolla.
30 Suoritettiin sarja kokeita tåmån keksinndn hyådy11isyyden osoittamiseksi rasvan valmistuksessa, jolla on halutut visko-. /. siteetti- ja jåhmettymispisteominaisuudet. Jåljempånå esite- tyisså rasvoissa oli paksunnosainesysteemi, joka sisålsi suun-nilleen: 35 8.5 paino-% 12-hydroksisteariinihappoa 3,0 paino-% atselaiinihappoa ja 2.5 paino-% litiumhydroksidin monohydraattia.
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Rasvoissa oli myos lisåaineyhdistelmå, joka sisålsi åårimmåi-sen paineen lisåainetta, kulumisenestolisåainetta, ruostumi-senestolisåainetta ja antioksidanttia.
5 Lisåaineyhdistelmån muodostavat yksittåiset lisåaineet voivat olla tavanmukaisia. Edullisia åårimmåisen paineen lisåaineita ' ovat lyijynaftenaatti, lyijydialkyyliditiokarbamaatti, anti-monidialkyyliditiokarbamaatti jne.
10 Edullisia kulumisenestolisåaineita ovat sinkkidialkyyliditio-fosfaatit, sinkkidialkyyliditiokarbamaatit jne.
Edullisia antioksidanttilisåaineita ovat PANA-aineet, alkyy-lisubstituoidut aromaattiset amiinit jne.
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Edullisia ruosteenestolisåaineita ovat erilaiset natriumiin, bariumiin jne. perustuvat sulfonaatit.
Tåhån lisåaineyhdistelmåån voidaan lisåtå muita kulloisenkin 20 loppukåyt6n vaatimia lisåaineita, kuten tiivistyspaisunta-ai-neita, tartuntalisåaineita, våriaineita jne.
Jåljempånå esitetyisså vertailuesimerkisså ja esimerkeisså pyrittiin yllåpitåmåån paksunnosaineen pitoisuutta vålillå n.
25 12-14 paino-%. Paksunnosaineen pitoisuudessa oli våhåisiå . vaihteluita, koska kåytettiin erilaisia oljyjå. Suurempi pak sunnosaineen pitoisuus nostaisi voitelurasvan hintaa huomat-tavasti ja saattaisi vaikuttaa haitallisesti pumpattavuuteen.
9 92073
Taulukko I
Parannettuun rasvaseokseen ajateltujen 61jyjen ominaisuuksia
Viskositeetti, Visko- 5 10-6 m2/s siteet- Jåhmet- ti-in- tymis- 01 i v_Tvyppi_40°C_100°C deksi piste MCT 5 Pffn, Ex, 17,41 3,652 87 -18
Dw, Hy 10 MCT 30 Pffn, Ex, 98,76 10,80 92 -9
Dw, Hy 2507 Val-kaistu sylinteri- Pffn, Ex, 15 oljy Dw, Hy 448,8 31,18 100 -6 CW O Naph, Ex, Hy 8,051 2,193 65 -42 FLEXON 765 Naph, Ex, Hy 91,99 9,269 68 -6 CORAY 1000 Naph, Da, 950,1 39,44 70 -9
Dh, Hy 20 PAO 4 cSt Synteettinen 16,74 3,853 124 <-60 polyolefiini (TYP) SHF 401 Synteettinen 08,5 40,47 149 -33 polyolefiini 25 Pffn - peråisin parafiini- Da - asfaltti poistettu : sesta raakaoljystå Dw - vaha poistettu
Naph - peråisin nafteeni- Dh - sameus poistettu sesta raaka61jystå Hy - vetypuhdistettu
Ex - liuotinuutettu 1 « i · · i o 10 92073 o o co r~ • · · · i-ι i I I VC I i I ή o vø m vø o -η oo <n
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m linT" 'd Q o i I i i I I O V o co H 3 e (2 ^ 2^-7 10 H H 1 O -H'f» X <ϋ I _ -¾ ’ 5 S ° o m r- 3 ·Η · · · · r2g_ WII^iiiio cn <n od in 200 NO mi S c2 - - 1 Φ 4-> C NØ to O o o m on o · · · « Φ-Η co f i o« -4 i i i i —i -η co in to -P vom o 1—i o —< >i 4-> —i —i i •n Q) m Φ * O +J vo o o r- 00 * · ·
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U umSJO<=-H V h p S3 Z2CMUfciUa.cn> >>>^o 2 2 11 92073
Taulukko III
Eri oljytyypeistå johdettujen rasvojen ominaisuudet Nåennåisvis- 5 Paino-% seoksesta kositeetti
' Paksunnos- Lisåai- PEN (60x) 10-6 m2/s -40°C
Rasva ainetta Oljyå neita mm/10 20 s'1
AA
10 BB 12,14 82,43 5,43 321 27,00 CC 13,38 81,22 5,40 317 22,50 DD 12,71 82,03 5,26 308 18,00 EE 13,96 80,62 5,42 313 7,20 FF 19,38 75,27 5,35 308 9,00
15 GG
HH 17,36 77,37 5,27 305 42,00
II
Taulukossa III rasvat EE ja FF kuuluvat keksinnon piiriin, 20 muut ovat vertailuesimerkkejå.
Kuten taulukossa III on esitetty, rasvalla EE ja rasvalla FF oli hyvå alhaisen låmp6tilan syotettåvyys, mitå osoittaa alhainen nåennåisviskositeetti -40°C:ssa. Kuten taulukossa 25 II on esitetty, nåmå rasvat sisålsivåt my6s korkean viskosi-teetti-indeksin 51jyseosta, jolla oli korkea viskositeetti korkeammassa kåyttdlåmpotilassa vålillå 35-45°C. Rasva EE olisi etusijalla johtuen sen merkittåvåsti alemmasta hinnas-ta ja pienemmåstå paksunnosainepitoisuudesta.
30
Vaikka tåmån keksinn6n taulukoissa I ja II esitetty rasva , sekoitettiin tåyttåmåån NLGI-laadun no 1 1/2 vaatimukset, rasva voitaisiin myfis sekoittaa tåyttåmåån muita NLGI-lå-påisyalueita sååtåmållå paksunnosaineen pitoisuutta ja mi-35 neraalidljyn ja synteettisen oljyn suhteellisia mååriå.
I ·

Claims (7)

92073 Patenttivaatimukaet
1. Voitelurasvaseos, tunnettu siitå, ettå se sisåltåå: A. oljykomponenttia, jonka viskositeetti-indeksi on yli noin 100 ja jåhmettymispiste alle noin -20°C ja joka sisål- 5 tåå noin 30-90 paino-% synteettistå nestettå, joka on valit- tu ryhmåstå kåsittåen lineaarisia Cg-C12-alfa-olefiineja si- ' såltåvåt polyalfa-olefiinit, diesterit, polyoliesterit, kor-kean viskositeetti-indeksin omaavat isoparafiinit ja niiden seokset, mainitun synteettisen nesteen viskositeetin ollessa 10 våhintåån 50-10-6 m2/s 40°C:ssa, ja noin 70 - noin 10 paino-% mineraali61jyå, jonka jåhmettymispiste on alle noin -20°C; ja B. paksunnosainetta.
2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen rasvaseos, tunnettu sii tå, ettå mineraali61jyn jåhmettymispiste on alle -30°C.
3. Patenttivaatimuksen l mukainen rasvaseos, tunnettu siitå, ettå paksunnosaine sisåltåå metallia, joka on valittu 20 ryhmåstå, johon kuuluvat litium, kalium, barium, alumiini ja niiden seokset.
4. Patenttivaatimuksen 3 mukainen rasvaseos, tunnettu siitå, ettå paksunnosaine koostuu litiumkompleksisaippuasta. 25
5. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen rasvaseos, tunnettu siitå, ettå paksunnosaineen pitoisuus vaihtelee vålillå n. 5-30 paino-% rasvaseoksesta.
6. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen voitelurasvaseos, tun nettu siitå, ettå se sisåltåå: A. Sljykomponenttia, jossa on n. 30-90 paino-% Cg-C,2-poly-alfa-olefiinia ja n. 70-10 paino-% mineraalidljyå, jonka jåhmettymispiste on alle n. -20°C; ja 35 B. n. 5-30 paino-% litiumia sisåltåvåå paksunnosainetta. 921)73
FI873091A 1986-07-14 1987-07-13 Voitelurasvaseos FI92073C (fi)

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US06/885,140 US4749502A (en) 1986-07-14 1986-07-14 Grease composition
US88514086 1986-07-14

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NO872914D0 (no) 1987-07-13
CA1288410C (en) 1991-09-03
US4749502A (en) 1988-06-07
DK366487A (da) 1988-01-15
NO170494B (no) 1992-07-13
SE8702725L (sv) 1988-01-15
NO170494C (no) 1992-10-21
SE465085B (sv) 1991-07-22
NO872914L (no) 1988-01-15
FI92073B (fi) 1994-06-15
FI873091A0 (fi) 1987-07-13
FI873091A (fi) 1988-01-15
SE8702725D0 (sv) 1987-07-01
DK366487D0 (da) 1987-07-14

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