FI83228B - Foerfarande foer reglering av totalvaermeoeverfoeringskoefficienten hos en vaermevaexlingsvaetska, som stroemmar i ett slutet system och som utsaetts foer uppvaermnings- och avkylningssteg. - Google Patents
Foerfarande foer reglering av totalvaermeoeverfoeringskoefficienten hos en vaermevaexlingsvaetska, som stroemmar i ett slutet system och som utsaetts foer uppvaermnings- och avkylningssteg. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI83228B FI83228B FI853517A FI853517A FI83228B FI 83228 B FI83228 B FI 83228B FI 853517 A FI853517 A FI 853517A FI 853517 A FI853517 A FI 853517A FI 83228 B FI83228 B FI 83228B
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- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- surfactant
- heat transfer
- viscoelastic
- moiety
- heat exchange
- Prior art date
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 40
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- -1 for example -SO 3 - Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium salicylate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229960004025 sodium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 5
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- JFLDCETXOKFEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-carboxyphenolate;hexadecyl(trimethyl)azanium Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C JFLDCETXOKFEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000004010 onium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical group OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- ZYKCLKZACRPNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-carboxyphenolate;trimethylazanium Chemical compound C[NH+](C)C.OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O ZYKCLKZACRPNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LULAYUGMBFYYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-chlorobenzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 LULAYUGMBFYYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 2
- IXQGCWUGDFDQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-Hydroxyethylbenzene Natural products CCC1=CC=CC=C1O IXQGCWUGDFDQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003260 vortexing Methods 0.000 description 2
- JAPKSVAKWPKFRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxybenzoyl)oxymethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O JAPKSVAKWPKFRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHJGJYXLEPZJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,5-trichlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl LHJGJYXLEPZJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATCRIUVQKHMXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-dichlorobenzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl ATCRIUVQKHMXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-Butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUICYYOYEXFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-tert-butylbenzene-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1O JIGUICYYOYEXFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRHGYUZYPHTUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-chlorobenzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 XRHGYUZYPHTUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000986989 Naja kaouthia Acidic phospholipase A2 CM-II Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical group OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000000260 Warts Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005211 alkyl trimethyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- YOUGRGFIHBUKRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(trimethyl)azanium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 YOUGRGFIHBUKRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NEUSVAOJNUQRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cetylpyridinium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 NEUSVAOJNUQRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004830 cetylpyridinium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RLGQACBPNDBWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cetyltrimethylammonium ion Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C RLGQACBPNDBWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- IGHFVKIBHWMEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-[(2-carboxylatophenoxy)methoxy]benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OCOC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O IGHFVKIBHWMEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940083124 ganglion-blocking antiadrenergic secondary and tertiary amines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005064 octadecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenolate Chemical group [O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005496 phosphonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonous acid Chemical group OPO XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- FRMWBRPWYBNAFB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium salicylate Chemical compound [K+].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O FRMWBRPWYBNAFB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960003629 potassium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YENGGBGPRNEVGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;3,5-dichlorobenzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1 YENGGBGPRNEVGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010153 skin papilloma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- XVYLSIXULOLXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,4-dichlorobenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl XVYLSIXULOLXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GHMWZRWCBLXYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-chlorobenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GHMWZRWCBLXYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium group Chemical group [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- QYWVQMLYIXYLRE-SEYXRHQNSA-N trimethyl-[(z)-octadec-9-enyl]azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C QYWVQMLYIXYLRE-SEYXRHQNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Tea And Coffee (AREA)
- Apparatus For Making Beverages (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Noodles (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Claims (5)
1. Förfarande för regiering av totalvärmeöver-föringskoefficienten hos en värmeväxlingsvätska, som 5 strömmar i ett slutet system och som utsätts för uppvärm-nings- och avkylningssteg, kännetecknat där-av, att i värmeväxlingsvätskan tillsätts en ytaktiv komposition, som innehäller (1) en ytaktiv förening innehällande en hydrofob 10 del kemiskt bunden tili en jonisk hydrofil del, och en elektrolyt innehällande en del, som förmär förena sig med jonen i ett ytaktivt ämne, sä att ett viskoelastiskt ytak-tivt ämne bildas, varvid den ytaktiva föreningen har forme In 15 RJY+JX- eller RX(Z-)A+, väri den hydrofoba delen R! innehäller en alkyl- eller alkenyl- eller inert substituerad alkyl- eller alkenylgrupp 20 med en kedjelängd av minst 12 kolatomer och är kemiskt bunden tili en katjonaktiv del Y+ eller en anjonaktiv del Z- tillsammans med motjoner X- respektive A+, vilka till-sammans förmär bilda ett ytaktivt ämne i värmeväxlingsvätskan; eller 25 (2) en ytaktiv förening innehällande en hydrofob del kemiskt bunden tili en icke-jonisk del och den ytaktiva föreningen har formeln Ri(N) 30 väri Rx är som ovan definierats och är kemiskt bunden tili en icke-jonisk del N, vilken förening förmär ästadkomma en viskoelastisk karaktär, varvid den ytaktiva kompositionen väljs sä, att den har en 35 värmeöverföringskoefficient, som är likadan som koeffi- II 27 83228 cienten hos en vätska, som inte innehäller den ytaktiva kompositionen, inom ett värmeväxlingsomräde med hög tempe-ratur samtidigt som den ästadkommer en förminskning av friktionen och en läg värmeöverföringskoefficient i dis-5 tributionsledningarna.
2. Förfarande enligt patentkravet 1, känne-t e c k n a t därav, att man tillsätter en ytterligare mängd elektrolyt innehällande en del, som förmär förena sig med den ytaktiva jonen. 10
3. Förfarande enligt patentkravet 1, känne- t e c k n a t därav, att den viskoelastiska kompositionen av det ytaktiva ämnet används i en mängd av 0,01-10 vikt-procent beräknat pä vikten av värmeväxlingsvätskan som innehäller den ytaktiva kompositionen. 15
4. Förfarande enligt patentkravet 2, känne- t e c k n a t därav, att mängden tillsatselektrolyt är 0,1-20 mol per mol komposition innehällande det viskoelastiska ytaktiva ämnet.
5. Förfarande enligt patentkravet 3, känne- 20 tecknat därav, att värmeväxlingsvätskans tempera-tur är -40-150 °C.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US57057784 | 1984-01-13 | ||
| US06/570,577 US4534875A (en) | 1984-01-13 | 1984-01-13 | Method for heat exchange fluids comprising viscoelastic surfactant compositions |
| PCT/US1985/000055 WO1985003083A1 (en) | 1984-01-13 | 1985-01-11 | A method for controlling the overall heat transfer coefficient of a heat exchange fluid |
| US8500055 | 1985-01-11 |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI853517A0 FI853517A0 (fi) | 1985-09-13 |
| FI853517L FI853517L (fi) | 1985-09-13 |
| FI83228B true FI83228B (fi) | 1991-02-28 |
| FI83228C FI83228C (sv) | 1991-06-10 |
Family
ID=24280199
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI853517A FI83228C (sv) | 1984-01-13 | 1985-09-13 | Förfarande för reglering av totalvärmeöverföringskoefficienten hos en värmeväxlingsvätska, som strömmar i ett slutet system och som utsätts för uppvärmnings- och avkylningssteg |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4534875A (sv) |
| EP (1) | EP0168477B1 (sv) |
| JP (2) | JPS62503187A (sv) |
| AT (1) | ATE69253T1 (sv) |
| DE (1) | DE3584587D1 (sv) |
| DK (1) | DK415385A (sv) |
| FI (1) | FI83228C (sv) |
| NO (1) | NO161505C (sv) |
| WO (1) | WO1985003083A1 (sv) |
Families Citing this family (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4806256A (en) * | 1984-06-18 | 1989-02-21 | The Dow Chemical Company | Water-based hydraulic fluids |
| US4800036A (en) * | 1985-05-06 | 1989-01-24 | The Dow Chemical Company | Aqueous bleach compositions thickened with a viscoelastic surfactant |
| GB8926885D0 (en) * | 1989-11-28 | 1990-01-17 | Albright & Wilson | Drilling fluids |
| US5807810A (en) * | 1989-08-24 | 1998-09-15 | Albright & Wilson Limited | Functional fluids and liquid cleaning compositions and suspending media |
| US5964692A (en) * | 1989-08-24 | 1999-10-12 | Albright & Wilson Limited | Functional fluids and liquid cleaning compositions and suspending media |
| SE467826B (sv) * | 1991-01-31 | 1992-09-21 | Berol Nobel Ab | Anvaendning av alkoxilerad alkanolamid som friktionsreducerande medel |
| US5235251A (en) * | 1991-08-09 | 1993-08-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Hydraulic fluid cooling of high power microwave plasma tubes |
| SE500923C2 (sv) * | 1993-10-21 | 1994-10-03 | Berol Nobel Ab | Användning av en amfotär tensid som friktionsreducerande medel i ett vattenbaserat vätskesystem |
| JP2913007B2 (ja) * | 1994-10-18 | 1999-06-28 | 工業技術院長 | 摩擦抵抗低減流体用熱交換器 |
| US6258859B1 (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 2001-07-10 | Rhodia, Inc. | Viscoelastic surfactant fluids and related methods of use |
| US5997763A (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 1999-12-07 | Shell Oil Company | Corrosion inhibiting antifreeze compositions containing various carboxylic acids |
| US7661467B1 (en) * | 1998-09-03 | 2010-02-16 | Matthys Eric F | Methods to control heat transfer in fluids containing drag-reducing additives |
| AT408653B (de) * | 1999-12-20 | 2002-02-25 | Tribovent Verfahrensentwicklg | Verfahren zum herstellen von mergelschlacken |
| US20020063241A1 (en) * | 2000-10-16 | 2002-05-30 | Alink Bernardus Antonius Maria Oude | Corrosion inhibitor-drag reducer combinations |
| US20030114315A1 (en) * | 2001-12-12 | 2003-06-19 | Clearwater, Inc. | Polymeric gel system and use in hydrocarbon recovery |
| US7205262B2 (en) * | 2001-12-12 | 2007-04-17 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Friction reducing composition and method |
| US7405188B2 (en) | 2001-12-12 | 2008-07-29 | Wsp Chemicals & Technology, Llc | Polymeric gel system and compositions for treating keratin substrates containing same |
| US8273693B2 (en) | 2001-12-12 | 2012-09-25 | Clearwater International Llc | Polymeric gel system and methods for making and using same in hydrocarbon recovery |
| US7183239B2 (en) | 2001-12-12 | 2007-02-27 | Clearwater International, Llc | Gel plugs and pigs for pipeline use |
| US7638468B2 (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2009-12-29 | Bj Services Company | Surfactant based viscoelastic fluids |
| US7261160B2 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-08-28 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods and compositions for controlling the viscosity of viscoelastic surfactant fluids |
| US20070060482A1 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-03-15 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods and compositions for controlling the viscosity of viscoelastic surfactant fluids |
| US8099997B2 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2012-01-24 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Potassium formate gel designed for the prevention of water ingress and dewatering of pipelines or flowlines |
| US8065905B2 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2011-11-29 | Clearwater International, Llc | Composition and method for pipeline conditioning and freezing point suppression |
| US8196662B2 (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2012-06-12 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Surfactant based viscoelastic fluids and methods of using the same |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3172910A (en) * | 1965-03-09 | Ch ) s(ch | ||
| US2541816A (en) * | 1943-09-11 | 1951-02-13 | Rohm & Haas | Quaternary ammonium pentachlorophenates |
| US3373107A (en) * | 1964-07-16 | 1968-03-12 | Milchem Inc | Friction pressure reducing agents for liquids |
| US3361213A (en) * | 1965-09-13 | 1968-01-02 | Mobil Oil Corp | Method of decreasing friction loss in turbulent liquids |
| US3775126A (en) * | 1972-02-29 | 1973-11-27 | Eastman Kodak Co | Light-sensitive element comprising a coating layer containing a mixture of a cationic perfluorinated alkyl and an alkylphenoxypoly(propylene oxide) |
| DE3212969A1 (de) * | 1982-04-07 | 1983-10-13 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur verminderung des reibungswiderstandes in stroemenden waessrigen medien |
-
1984
- 1984-01-13 US US06/570,577 patent/US4534875A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1985
- 1985-01-11 AT AT85900872T patent/ATE69253T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-01-11 WO PCT/US1985/000055 patent/WO1985003083A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1985-01-11 DE DE8585900872T patent/DE3584587D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-01-11 EP EP85900872A patent/EP0168477B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-06-27 JP JP60504421A patent/JPS62503187A/ja active Pending
- 1985-09-12 DK DK415385A patent/DK415385A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-09-13 FI FI853517A patent/FI83228C/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-09-13 NO NO85853589A patent/NO161505C/no unknown
- 1985-12-10 JP JP61500185A patent/JPS63502268A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1985003083A1 (en) | 1985-07-18 |
| DK415385A (da) | 1985-11-08 |
| JPS62503187A (ja) | 1987-12-17 |
| DK415385D0 (da) | 1985-09-12 |
| NO853589L (no) | 1985-09-13 |
| EP0168477A4 (en) | 1986-05-16 |
| FI83228C (sv) | 1991-06-10 |
| FI853517A0 (fi) | 1985-09-13 |
| ATE69253T1 (de) | 1991-11-15 |
| EP0168477B1 (en) | 1991-11-06 |
| FI853517L (fi) | 1985-09-13 |
| JPS63502268A (ja) | 1988-09-01 |
| NO161505C (no) | 1989-08-23 |
| DE3584587D1 (de) | 1991-12-12 |
| US4534875A (en) | 1985-08-13 |
| NO161505B (no) | 1989-05-16 |
| EP0168477A1 (en) | 1986-01-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM | Patent lapsed | ||
| MM | Patent lapsed |
Owner name: THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY |