FI60348B - JAERNHALTIGT SKYDDSFODER FOER SMAOGRISAR - Google Patents

Description

«5r * l rB] ni) NOTICE OF ADVERTISEMENT

('UTLÄGGNINGSSKRI FT 60348 • C (45) Patent issued on 11 January 1982

Patent «eddelat V v '(51) K» .lk.3 / lnt.ci.3 A 23 K 1/175 SUOMI-FINLAND (21) Ptttnttihikemui - PatentansBknlng 77189 3 (22) H »k * mi» pilvl - Anattknlngtdag 15-06.77 '' (23) Alkuptlvi— Glltighetsdag 15.06.77 (41) Has become public - Blivlt offentllg 17.12.77

Patent and Registration Office .... .... . „-. . . . - (44) Date of initial and final decision. -.

Patent-oeh registerstyrelsen v 'Ansöksn utlagd och utl.skriften publicerad 30.09.8l (32) (33) (31) Pyydetty etuoikeus —Begird prloritat l6.O6.76

Norway and Norway (NO) 762093 (71) Rumen Chemie AG, Glarus, Switzerland-Switzerland (CH) (72) Nils Ivar Baalsrud, Vormsund, Norway-Norway (NO) (7M Berggren Oy Ab (5 * +) Piglets This invention relates in particular to an organic iron compound which, as an additional liquid dose of iron administered orally to piglets, guarantees them the highest possible percentage of hemoglobin, i.e. it prevents anemia during the first 4 to 6 weeks of life. administration at average isotonic concentrations so that spontaneous eating is aroused and good fluid intake is achieved.

Norwegian Patent No. 128,692 discloses a method for fur farming, in particular for minks, and in particular for minks fed with raw fish, as well as emergency feeding using iron chelate or an organic iron combination. The process of this patent aims at eliminating the reactions that take place in the living body between divalent iron and trimethylamine oxide to give readily soluble goetlite and lepidierolite type iron oxide hydrates.

The present invention relates to the protective feed mentioned in the preamble of the claim, which guarantees a steady and continuous supply of readily degradable iron + liquid + sodium and glucose to all piglets on a voluntary basis. It is known that iron is essential in many biological functions , which it presents as part of an oxygen-carrying molecule, hemoglobin. The amount of hemoglobin produced in iron deficiency is reduced, but the iron content of hemoglobin is relatively constant. In iron deficiency, the development of new red blood cells therefore causes the blood cells to remain smaller, microcytic and discolored, hypochromic due to the reduced amount of hemoglobin. The ability of such red blood cells to carry oxygen is limited, decreased. This condition causes anemia. It is known that the growth rate of our domestic piglets relative to their birth weight is much higher than that of our other domestic animals. The weight of the piglet increases 4-5 times during the first three weeks of life. During this early growing season, sow's milk alone satisfies most of the piglet's nutritional needs.

Iron intake is a major exception. Sow's milk contains only 1-1.5 mg of iron / kg. Because the piglet has a very low iron reserve (30-40mg) at birth and an estimated iron requirement of about 7 mg of elemental iron per day, sow's milk is apparently unable to provide the piglet with sufficient iron to prevent anemia.

Over time, several methods have been used to prevent anemia in piglets. The oldest way has been to use soil. In spacious operating conditions where the sow piglet is outdoors (on pasture), the piglets usually get enough iron from the ground. The iron content of most soil types is relatively low, but most multabacteria use iron in their metabolism. The incorporation of iron into the cellular protein of microorganisms generates iron protein chelates that can be very well utilized by piglets. But under intense operating conditions, the use of soil as an anti-anemic agent is too labor-intensive and ineffective than other methods due to the varying presence and composition of iron in the soil. But the metabolism of iron in the microorganism has given us an interesting physiological model e.g. to understand pig iron absorption.

For the last 15 to 20 years, the safest and most widely used method of administering iron to piglets has been intravenous injections of high molecular weight iron dextran, which have yielded 100 to 200 mg of iron.

60348 This unique method of providing an equivalent iron reserve of 100-200 mg to piglets in the first days of life has been shown in several experiments to be more reliable than the piglet's daily daily addition of iron compound in powder, pills or pellet to the piglet. U.S. Patent No. 3,259,500 discloses the prevention of anemia in piglets by feeding lactating sows mainly iron salts containing dibasic organic acids and phosphoric acid in the form of pills or liquid preparations. These preparations act through milk (possibly the fetus) - but because the transport of iron from the blood plasma to the milk is very limited (nipple barrier) - the effectiveness of such iron administration remains very uncertain. Thus, the use of the iron compound of the present invention, through its appetite-stimulating properties, provides a fluid intake in piglets that has not previously been achieved. It is now known that the feeding of the iron has to pass through the stomach, where the pH is low, and further the following basic pohgukaissuoleen and the central portion of the small intestine, where the absorption of iron takes place. Manaheste is acidic enough to retain iron, in the presence of lowering substances as a divalent iron salt. It is now known that iron as divalent ferro compounds is absorbed faster and more efficiently than trivalent ferric ferric compounds. The presence of various components such as amino acids, nitrates, and sugars in the duodenum generates group compounds with iron that dissolves them and keeps them in solution for absorption.

This chelation process substantially increases the absorption of iron in the duodenum.

On the other hand, e.g. carbonates, phosphates, and phytates cause iron to be converted to an insoluble form, causing only a small amount of iron to be absorbed. There are several barriers that limit the amount of iron that can pass through the normal absorption processes of the piglet. Due to the complex absorption process that iron enters in a very narrow intestine, it is usually estimated that only 2-10% of the iron content of the feed is absorbed and benefited by the piglet.

Iron bound to organic compounds such as proteins and amino acids generates, as mentioned, group or chelate compounds with iron.

This invention relates to a protective feed characterized in that the feed consists of an aqueous solution of iron glutamate having a pH of 2.0-4.0, 4,60348 and containing up to 2% Fe and glucose and sodium chloride in physiologically acceptable concentrations. In the protective feed according to the invention, iron is bound to glutamic acid. Iron is present as bound ferriglutamate in a solution of 20 mg / g. The pH of the iron glutamate solution must be between 2 and 2.5 to form the most stable solution.

This concentrated ferriglutamate solution can be used undiluted, but must be diluted to provide the intended excess fluid intake. When administered daily, e.g. 500 ml. liquid worsening konaen, the concentration must be adjusted so that each piglet receives 30-50 mg of Fe per day. Thus diluting the pH will be in the range of 2.5-4 which is very appropriate. It is very important that the iron solution is as close as possible to body temperature (38 ° C) for at least the first 8 days. This is achieved by placing a beverage container under the heat lamp next to the bed of the piglets.

As feeding is in principle based on self-feeding and as the amount of fluid used has been shown to vary with temperature, air humidity and sow milk production, the concentration must be varied to achieve a daily intake of 25-50 mg.

Experiments have shown that this embodiment guarantees a constant and even supply of iron to all piglets. The very small dispersion of hemoglobin values indicates that this is achieved.

examples

Experimental studies were performed on 6 piglets with a total of 55 piglets, with ferriglutamate being the sole source of iron. A concentrated ferriglutamate solution of 20 mg Fe III / ml was diluted with 500 ml of water so that the iron addition per piglet was 30-50 mg per day, i.e. a piglet containing 10 piglets received 15-25 g (ml) of concentrated ferriglutamate solution diluted with 500 ml of water. . The diluted iron chelate solution was poured into a shallow beverage container placed under a heat lamp. The temperature of the liquid ranged from 25 to 31 ° C.

The piglets drank the solution very quickly, and the less than one week old, a piglet of 10 piglets, drank a measured volume of 500 ml of liquid.

The hemoglobin composition in g / 100 ml was measured at 3.7.20 and 31 days of age.

The following table shows the means and standard deviations of piglets of different ages (55 piglets):

table 1

Ferriglutamate- 3'Day · 7 'Day' 20th day. Day 31

solution______ 30-50 mg / animal / day 8.12-0.92 8.62 ^ 0.51 9.21-0.81 9.92-0.60

In one pilot study, an iron glutamate solution was loaded into an iron-dextran injection as well as a control group that did not receive any iron addition. This experiment aimed to measure the effect of iron supplements measured from certain amounts. To prevent the piglets from receiving any extra iron, all the stalls were locked from the inside to such a height that it was impossible for the piglets to inadvertently get trace elements from the environment.

No specific copper or vitamin supplement was given. The piglets were together with the sows after birth, but were treated in three different ways. One group received no iron addition at all, another group received an injection of iron dextran corresponding to 200 mg Fe on the third day after birth, the third group received a 100 g dose of ferriglutamate orally on the third day of life and then twice a week until 6 weeks of age. This fer-riglutamate solution was administered by pharyngeal probe.

Prior to treatment, piglets were weighed and blood samples were taken to determine hemoglobin composition and hematocrit.

Hemoglobin was determined by the cyanomethemoglobin method.

The results are shown in Table 2. These experimental studies are complemented by clinical trials with a large number of piglets (214). Most piglets received iron glutamate solution by self-feeding only and hemoglobin composition, hematocrit, and live weight were recorded. All piglets were marked with very satisfactory parameters for hemoglobin, hematocrit and growth. In those experiments in which 10% glucose was added to the glutamate solution, faster consumption of iron glutamate and better growth of piglets were observed.

In this way, the iron chelate solution can simultaneously become an addition of iron to the piglets' feeding and possibly a addition of liquid and electrolyte (glucose-sodium). The great importance of fluid administration has been found in the fact that piglets of individual warts develop more evenly than if they had received only sow's milk. The low pH of them prevents the contamination of disease-causing bacteria. This particular amino acid - glutamic acid - in itself has a very beneficial effect on both the general metabolism of piglets and the absorption of iron.

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