FI119628B - Forest machine, cargo space in a forest machine and protective screen for a forest machine - Google Patents

Description

FORESTRY, FORESTRY LOAD AND FORESTRY

The invention relates to a loading space for a forestry machine according to the preamble of claim 1 or 21. The invention relates to a forest machine according to the preamble of claim 12, which is suitable both for felling and pruning trees and for transporting them. The invention relates to a forest machine shield according to the preamble of claim 17.

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For harvesting, there are known forest machines moving in the field, such as harvesters, with a crane head fitted with handling devices, a so-called harvester head, for cutting, felling, pruning and sawing up to a desired length of a growing tree trunk. The harvester head has the necessary feeding and sawing equipment for handling the tree trunks. Sawn timber trunks are collected by another known off-road machine, in the case of a loader with a grapple, and transported in its cargo area. Also known are forest machines 20 which combine the functions of a harvester and a loader. In this case, the harvester head is also usually constructed to be suitable for loading and unloading.

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Typically, a combination of a harvester and a load carrier comprises two • •. ···. 25 consecutive frame structures arranged by a frame joint: *! ·. to rotate about the vertical axis relative to each other and to rotate • · \ .m.m about the horizontal axis relative to each other. The front frame is normally supported by '** · * one pair of wheels or two swinging bogie structures, each with two wheels. On top of the front body is a cab, including * · * · * '30 including the steering system, and a power source. The rear frame is typically supported by two rocking bogie structures, each with two wheels. Alternatively, each wheel is attached to the rear frame by an independent suspension, one example being U.S. Patent 5,366,337.

·. *: * '35 A cargo space is located on the rear frame as well as a crane, which is in the form of a articulated boom, the outermost end of which usually comprises a telescopically mounted unit with grabs and extending to work on both sides of the cargo area. Typically, the crane in the rear frame is mounted directly behind or partially over the frame joint and in front of the load compartment, while being located behind the cab. One such loader is the Timberjack ™ 1010D or the Timber-5 jack ™ 1110D. The crane, on the other hand, is mounted on a turning device, which allows the crane to be rotated about a vertical axis when handling the tree trunks next to the forest machine. Various structures for transferring the cargo space front or banks are disclosed in DE 29913280 U1, DE 29907565 U1, Fl 44525 B (SE 327912 10 A1) or Fl 842381 A1.

During thinning, some known composite machines are stripped of load space, i.e. load-bearing beams, columns, and front screen or wall, which at the same time protects the cab and crane so that it is supported, if necessary, to support the ends of the tree trunks. In thinning, the stripped forest machine advances along the rear trunk along a specific route, selectively treating trees along the route. In particular, the columns and the front wall would be on the crane road and limiting its movements during thinning, so they have been removed during thinning. According to the prior art, the foreskin may be raised and lowered, or it may be knocked down uniformly over the load compartment and ·: · banks, but during removal it will also be completely removed with the posts. At the end of the job, the forest machine typically returns on the same path, with the load space reassembled, which left • · ·. ···. Twenty-five felled trees are collected along the route to the load compartment. It takes time for .lm: so plenty of load space conversion and forestry machine transitions.

As you travel the same route over and over again, there is an increased risk of • · '···' standing trees and, in particular, forest floor damage.

: X: 30 · *. [. * · * It is an object of the present invention to provide a forestry machine, and in particular its load space, by which the above-mentioned drawbacks can be minimized or eliminated ...... The cargo space according to the invention is characterized by:. * as set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1 or 21. The forestry machine according to the invention is characterized in what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 12. The protective shield according to the invention is characterized in what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 3. Other preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims.

The forestry machine and the cargo space according to the invention avoid the same route being reciprocated. The load compartment is carried along with the forestry machine at all times, but it can be placed in a non-functional state whereby the damage it causes to the operation of the crane is minimized. The forestry machine as a whole is better suited for thinning than prior art forestry machines.

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In addition, special cargo space arrangements can greatly facilitate the work of the forestry machine operator by reducing blind spots. Particularly at the passage point, the shadows behind the rear frame are reduced. In particular, modi-15 fission of the foreskin can remove the shadows directly behind the forest machine. The unobstructed view also makes it easier to drive the forest machine ahead of the rear frame.

The invention will now be described in more detail using, by way of example, 20 preferred embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: · · ·. ·! ·. Figure 1 shows the principle of a forest machine structure with the load space in use, Figure 2 shows the forest machine of Figure 1 with the rear bank • * · moved forward, and Figure 3 shows the forest machine of Figure 1, when the load space is not running-30.

· ♦ · • • • • • •. I ·. Fig. 1 shows a forest machine • · · 1 according to a preferred embodiment, in particular its load space and the structure of the rear frame, which is a load carrier suitable for thinning. The forestry machine 1 comprises a front frame 2 and a rear frame 35 interconnected by the frame joint 4, whereby the frames can fold about a vertical direction and preferably also pivot about a horizontal direction which coincides with the longitudinal direction of the load machine. In some cases, the frame joint 4 also allows the frames to fold even horizontally, which is transverse. The structure and function of the articulated joint 4 and the mode of control during the movement of the forestry machine are known per se.

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Figure 1 illustrates the position of the front frame 2 only the bogie bogies 5 and 6 with two wheels 7 each. The rear body 3 is also supported by bogies 8 and 9, each with two wheels 10. The construction of the bogies is known per se and the number 10 may vary as described above. The bogie can be replaced by independent wheel suspensions and the wheels can also be connected to tracks or replaced by tracks.

A cab is located on the front frame 2, the position of which is illustrated by a forestry machine driver 11 whose position and position corresponds to the situation used during thinning. The entire cab or solely the driver's seat, as well as the associated controls, are pivotable so that the driver can be directed forward or rearward, in accordance with Figure 1 and the prior art.

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A crane 13 is connected to the rear frame 3, behind or partially over the frame joint 4, via a pivoting device 12 (Fig. 3). Pivoting: V: The device 12 allows the crane 13 to pivot about a vertical pivot axis. The swivel allows the crane tool to be extended • ·. ···. 25 on the sides of a forest machine 1, whereby, for example, a grapple or harvester head can be used to load or unload timber and logs. Figure 1 shows [..I. of the crane 13, only a vertical column is shown which is mounted on a pressure **** fluid-operated turning device 12. As is known, the crane ... also includes a predominantly horizontal boom and an outermost boom which • · · 30 folds relative to one another. The outermost boom is, for example, three-piece and telescopic, so that it extends beyond the rear frame if necessary. Alternatively, the crane 13 comprises only three or four halves ···; ···; and the tool is attached to the outermost end of them.

The cargo compartment 14 comprises at least a front bank 15 and a rear bank 16, of which at least one rear bank 16 is movable in the direction of the rear body 3. The bank resembles essentially the U-5 structure (e.g., structure 15a) and comprises horizontal portions (e.g., section 15b) extending to both sides of the forest machine, starting from the top of the U-structure, forming with the columns another U-structure. The term bank used in this specification does not include the 5 columns themselves, i.e. from the pit. The term "bank" is used here in particular to refer to the fixed part of the bank to which the cups are attached, provided that such bank is also included. Pillars 17 and 18 are attached to the ends of the bank (e.g., part 15b), which in this case are pivoted U-structures which are attached by a joint to both sides of the bank head 10. The front bank 15 is mounted in place but the rear bank 16 is movably mounted on the rear body 3. A guide or sliding mechanism 19 is provided between the rear body 3 and the rear bank 16, whereby mechanisms known elsewhere can be applied. The rear bank 16 is preferably mounted on a movable auxiliary body 20 which, in the rearmost position of the rear bank 16, as shown in Fig. 15, extends farther away from the rear of the rear of the machine. The rear bank 16 is movable just adjacent to the front bank 15 as shown in Figure 2, but usually remains at least partially over the rear wheels 10. The transfer is effected, for example, by means of cylinder actuators controlled by a pressure-20 fluid system. There is also a moving chain mechanism which is rotated by an actuator or manually. The mechanisms also include a locking mechanism where necessary to lock the banks to the desired: V: point. There must be a vertical line between the rear wheel 10 and the rear bank: Y; in the direction, sufficient space for wheel rises and descents. If space is needed. 25, there may also be a central bank between banks 15 and 16, which is: ·] ·. already movable or permanently installed.

The cargo space 14 also comprises the front screen 21, which in this case is movable up and down, either all or part of the front screen.

: * · ** 30 An actuator known as such and a conductor mechanism are known.

• · · • · • · ···; In Figure 1, the forest machine 1 is in the operational state of the tree trunk ···. from the point of view of loading, whereby loading or unloading is also performed and the front frame 2 is usually driven forward. In Figure 3, the forestry machine 35, and in particular its load compartment 14, are in a non-functional state where the crane 13 and the harvester head are worked and harvested, and the rear frame 3 is also driven forward.

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As shown in Figure 2, the pillars 17, 18 are foldable to the bottom of the load 14 over the banks 15, 16. At the base of the pillar, for example, is a mechanism or a simple joint that can be locked and unlocked 5 so that the pillar can be tilted inwards manually or by means of a crane grapple. The lock is operated manually or controlled by an actuator. Dumping is also possible with a cylinder actuator coupled between the column and the bank and controlled by a pressure medium system. The actuator is placed in a shield inside the bank.

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The height of the columns and the width of the U-structure of the pillar are preferably dimensioned so that the arched upper end of the pillar rests at the bottom of the pillar and U-shape, as far as possible. In this case, the pillars are not in the driver's gaze or on the crane, and only the rear frame wheels 10 muo-15 provide a shade behind the forest machine. The same purpose also applies to the displacement of the rear frame 16 and the fall of its columns, since then only the actual rear frame 3 forms the shade, the rear frame 3 being made as short as possible, whereupon the rear frame 3 ends immediately after the attachment of wheels 10 or bogies 8, 9. the blind spots between the wheels are significantly reduced compared to prior art. Of course, the shape of the column head may also be other, for example rectangular.

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As shown in Fig. 3, the front screen 21, or alternatively a part thereof, is computed ···. 25 anyone down if it is a lowered and liftable model and • ·: v. 14, over one or both banks. The pouring is effected, for example, by means of an actuator controlled by a pressurized * ··· 'system, whereby systems known per se can be applied. The front screen 21 is provided with a horizontal joint for a suitable basket 30 so that the front screen 21 folds substantially horizontally over the bank. In addition, the forelegs may have an upper part which varies in height:. so that the upper part folds in. ···. with the other screen, or the whole screen can be lifted and lowered for pouring.

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The front screen 21 alone, and especially in combination with the front bank 15, contributes to improved visibility. Fig. 3 shows a front screen according to a 7 particular embodiment, comprising at least two, but preferably three, horizontally adjacent folding portions 21a and 21b. Each part pivots about a horizontal joint. The outermost portions 21b may form an integral and movable portion 5. Part 21a is preferably centered and may fold at different heights than other parts. The outermost screen portions 21b fold over the horizontal ends or similar portions 15b of the bank 15 (i.e., the fixed bank sections), but the central screen portion 21a and the bank 15 are structured together so that the screen portion 21a 10 descends as far as possible. would be located near the bottom of the bank's U-shape and over topped columns. If the columns 17 are bent in the middle, the tops of the columns and the screen portion 21a will be closer to the bottom of the bank 15. The outermost screen portions 21b may be located higher because the wheels 10 are, however, in front of the driver's gaze and cause a shadow area behind the forestry machine. Instead, there is now an unobstructed view between the rear wheels 10, since the middle screen portion 21a and the rear bank 16 are not in the way. Restricting the length of the rear frame 3 also reduces the shadows. The area between the wheels 10 is more visible if the attachment point of the bogies 20 or wheels is as close as possible to the rear end of the rear frame and the wheels 10 extend beyond the rear frame 3.

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The front screen 21 and its horizontal joint to be tipped in one or more sections are made even lower so that the front bank 15 is · · 1. 25 is set lower than rear bank 16 if rear bank 16 is located or: v. moves on wheels 10. In such a situation, the front screen 21 falls over the front bank 15, for example at the same level as the rear bank 16 *****, and the rear bank 16 is located as soon as possible behind the front bank 21, or even partially, as in Figure 3: 1 · 1 '30 under it. In this case, the front end of the tree trunks rests lower than their rear end. In this case, the multi-parted front screen 21 does not; , 1; not necessary if rear bank 16 otherwise causes a shaded area. ···. or the forefoot 21 is completely lowered and tipped with the joint • · 1 t> 1 · 'so that it does not impair visibility.

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The cargo space of Figure 3 is not only usable in e.g. a harvester, but can also be used in a load machine if the dimensions of the 8 cargo space are to be significantly limited when the cargo space is not in use, for example during transfers.

The reach of the crane 13 for various jobs is best when it is positioned on the rear frame 3. Alternatively, the cab and a crane positioned adjacent to or sideways can be mounted on a common turntable with the crane further away from the load space.

The invention is not limited to the above embodiment only, but may be implemented within the scope of the appended claims.

· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · To neither please avoid • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·––– latter LEE - - · · · · 1 ·

Claims (24)

1. Load compartment (14) in a forestry machine, comprising at least: 5. a front bank (15) intended for carrying tree trunks loaded in the load compartment, and posts (17) coupled with said bank and supporting the tree trunks , a rear bank (16) also intended to support the tree trunks, and posts (18) coupled to said bank, a screen (21) intended to support the ends of tree trunks as needed, characterized in that the cargo space (14) can be put into a non-functional position, wherein: the rear bank (16) is arranged to be moved towards the front bank (15) and the posts (17, 18) are arranged to be folded into the cargo space on the banks, and the screen (21) comprises two or more screen parts, (21a, 21b), which are adjacent in the horizontal direction, and each of which can be folded and rolled through a joint into the cargo space at least: V: the front bank (15). : * · *: 25 ··· f. ·. 2. Cargo space according to claim 1, characterized in that the entire screen (21). can be further raised and lowered. • · • · ·. Cargo space according to claim 1, characterized in that any screen part 30 (21a, 21b) can be further raised and adjusted. • · • · • · · T: Cargo space according to claim 1, characterized in that the screen (21) comprises an additional upper part which can be raised and lowered. • · · ·· · • · · \ 35 5. Cargo space according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the front bank (15) and the dimensioning of at least one shield part (21) are 16 so adapted that said shield part can be adjusted further down than the other shield parts. (21b). Cargo space according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the shape of the front bank (15) is at least partly a U-structure, wherein further at least one shield part (21a) is so adapted in dimensioning that it can position itself in the U structure and further down than the other screen portions (21b). Cargo space according to any one of the preceding claims 1-6, characterized in that it comprises an additional rear chassis (3) for the forest machine, on which the front bank (15) and the shield (21) are connected, and a movable auxiliary chassis (20), to which the rear bank (16) is connected and which is located on the relevant rear chassis, in which in a functional state the auxiliary chassis extends further than the rear chassis and in contrast to a non-functional condition the rear chassis extends beyond the auxiliary chassis. Cargo space according to any of the preceding claims 1-7, characterized in that the post (17, 18) comprises an upside down U-structure which is connected by means of the hinge in a foldable way to the end (15b) of the bank and in the which bank (15) places when the post is folded down. • · · • · · · ϊ.ν 9- Cargo space according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that the shape of the web (15, 16) is at least partially a U-structure, the additional post (17, 18) being so adapted in its length so that it can position itself in said • · · U-structure. • * • · • M • · • · Cargo space according to any of claims 1-9, characterized in that i. . the non-functional position of the front bank (15) is located lower than the rear bank (16), the screen (21) is lowered on the front bank (15), and • · * ·; · The rear bank (16) is located next to the front bank (15) and: T: screen (21). · · · · · · · · · · Cargo space according to claim 10, characterized in that the cargo space \ comprises an additional chassis which simultaneously constitutes the rear of the forest machine (3), and the chassis is supported by wheels (10) which extend further rear than said chassis. 17 A forestry machine suitable for both felling and branching of trees and for their transport and comprising at least: 5. a rear chassis (3) carried by means of wheels (10) and on which there is a cargo space (14) comprising a front and a rear bank (15, 16) intended to support tree trunks, posts (17, 17) coupled to the banks and supporting the tree trunks, and a screen (21) intended to support The front ends of the tree trunks as needed, and a front chassis (2) carried by means of wheels (7) and connected to the rear chassis (3), a cab connected to the front chassis (2), a crane (13) coupled to the rear chassis (3), between the cab and the cargo compartment, and in which a tool for felling, branching and loading of trees can be hung, characterized in that the cargo space can be inserted for felling and branching of trees. a non-functional position, wherein: the trailing path The shank (16) is arranged to be moved towards the front bank (15), the forest machine comprising an additional movable chassis (20), to which the rear bank (16) is coupled and: V: so located on it. rear chassis (3) that in said functional position said auxiliary body extends longer than the rear chassis; (3) and in non-functional position the rear chassis (3) • ·. ···. extends longer than the auxiliary chassis, and the wheels (10) carrying the · rear chassis (3) extend further aft than the rear. . chassis (3), and • · · 30. The posts (17, 18) are arranged to be folded into the cargo space on the banks, and: T: - the screen (21) is arranged to be folded down in the cargo area dining room: ***: stone on the front bank (15). • · · ♦ · «• · · \ 35 Forestry machine according to claim 12, characterized in that in the non-functional position, the front bank (15) is placed lower than the rear bank 18 (16), the screen (21) is folded down on it. the front bank (15), and the rear bank (16) are located next to the front bank (15) and the screen (21). Forest machine according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the post 5 (17, 18) comprises an upside down U-structure which is connected by means of a link in a foldable way to the end of the bank (15b) and in which the bank (15) ) position when the post is folded down, and that the shape of the bank (15, 16) is at least partially a U-structure, whereby the additional post (17,18) is so adapted in length that it can position itself in said U-shape. form. 10 Forestry machine according to any of claims 12-14, characterized in that the screen (21) comprises two or more screen parts (21a, 21b), which are adjacent in the horizontal direction and which can each be folded and folded by means of a into the cargo space of the front bank (15), the shape of the front bank and the dimensioning of at least one shield portion (21a) being so adapted that said shield portion can be lowered than the other shield portions (21b). Forestry machine according to any of claims 12-14, characterized in that, in order to improve visibility, especially when viewed from the cab of the rear chassis (3), the rear bank (16) can be moved and the posts (17, 18) and the screen (21) is folded to such a position where the visibility is limited mainly by v. *: only the structure of the rear chassis (3) and the wheels (10) carrying it. «» 17. Protection screen for a forest machine, intended to support the ends of tree trunks, if required, characterized in that the screen (21) comprises two or · ···. several screen portions (21a, 21b) which are adjacent in the horizontal direction and which can each be folded and overturned through a joint into the cargo compartment's cargo space (14) or at least on the front bank of the cargo compartment (15). • · · 30 A protective screen according to claim 17, characterized in that the shape of the: T: front bank (15) and the dimensioning of at least one shield part (21) are so adapted that said shield part can be adjusted longer downward than the other screen portions (21b). • · · ·: 35 19. Protective screen according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the shape of the front bank (15) is at least partly a U-structure, whereby at least 19 a further shield part (21a) is adapted to the dimensioning. that it can position itself in said U-structure and further down than the other screen parts (21b). Protective screen according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that it comprises three horizontally adjacent foldable parts (21b, 21a, 21b), of which the middle (21a) can be located further down than the other screen parts (21b). . A cargo space (14) in a forest machine, comprising at least: a front bank (15) intended to carry tree trunks loaded in the cargo space, and posts (17) connected to said bank and supporting the tree trunks, 15 a rear bank (16) also intended to support the tree trunks, and posts (18) coupled to said bank, a screen (21) intended to support the ends of tree trunks if required, characterized in that: the load compartment (14) can be put into a non-functional position, whereby: • · • · · • 9 · • ·: Y: - the rear bank (16) is arranged to be moved towards the front • ·: ***; The bank (15) and the pillars (17, 18) are arranged to be overturned in the load compartment of the ···. the banks, and the screen (21) is arranged to be folded down into the cargo area. . stone on the front bank (15), 9 · 9 30. the front bank (15) is positioned lower than the rear bank '··· 1 (16), the screen (21) is lowered on the front bank (15), and the rear bank (16) is positioned next to the front bank •: **; (15) and screen (21). 9 ·· • 9 · · 9 · · \ ·] 35 22. Cargo space according to claim 21, characterized in that the post (17, 18) comprises an upside down U-structure which is coupled in a foldable manner by means of the hinge to the end (15b) of the bank and in which the bank (15) takes place when the post is folded down. Cargo space according to claim 22, characterized in that the shape of the bank (15, 16) is at least partially a U-structure, the additional post (17, 18) being adapted in length to allow it to position itself in said U-shape. structure. Cargo space according to any of claims 21-23, characterized in that the shield (21) comprises two or more shield portions (21a, 21b) which are adjacent in the horizontal direction, each of which can be folded and overturned by a step into the cargo space of at least the front bank (15). · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·