FI118535B - Happamien kloraattiliuosten sähkökemiallinen tuottaminen - Google Patents
Happamien kloraattiliuosten sähkökemiallinen tuottaminen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI118535B FI118535B FI925554A FI925554A FI118535B FI 118535 B FI118535 B FI 118535B FI 925554 A FI925554 A FI 925554A FI 925554 A FI925554 A FI 925554A FI 118535 B FI118535 B FI 118535B
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- alkali metal
- aqueous solution
- ions
- space
- Prior art date
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims description 30
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 118
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 88
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 86
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 78
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 73
- -1 alkali metal chlorate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 59
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 56
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- IYGFDEZBVCNBRU-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium sulfuric acid sulfate Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[H+].[H+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O IYGFDEZBVCNBRU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940005989 chlorate ion Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004968 peroxymonosulfuric acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQOMKIOQTCAGCM-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Na+].[Na+].OS(O)(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OS(O)(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZQOMKIOQTCAGCM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920003935 Flemion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000207961 Sesamum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000949477 Toona ciliata Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010065667 Viral Matrix Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TVWHTOUAJSGEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine trioxide Chemical compound [O]Cl(=O)=O TVWHTOUAJSGEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-L dithionite(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001418 francium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical class [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011160 magnesium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XIKYYQJBTPYKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Ni] XIKYYQJBTPYKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- YZHUMGUJCQRKBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorate Chemical class [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O YZHUMGUJCQRKBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl=O UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960002218 sodium chlorite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/14—Alkali metal compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/445—Ion-selective electrodialysis with bipolar membranes; Water splitting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B11/00—Oxides or oxyacids of halogens; Salts thereof
- C01B11/02—Oxides of chlorine
- C01B11/022—Chlorine dioxide (ClO2)
- C01B11/023—Preparation from chlorites or chlorates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/14—Alkali metal compounds
- C25B1/16—Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2018507 CA2018507C (en) | 1990-06-07 | 1990-06-07 | Electrochemical processing of aqueous solutions |
| CA2018507 | 1990-06-07 | ||
| US07/687,741 US5198080A (en) | 1990-06-08 | 1991-04-19 | Electrochemical processing of aqueous solutions |
| US68774191 | 1991-04-19 | ||
| PCT/CA1991/000175 WO1991018830A1 (en) | 1990-06-07 | 1991-05-23 | Electrochemical production of acid chlorate solutions |
| CA9100175 | 1991-05-23 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI925554A7 FI925554A7 (fi) | 1992-12-07 |
| FI925554A0 FI925554A0 (fi) | 1992-12-07 |
| FI118535B true FI118535B (fi) | 2007-12-14 |
Family
ID=25674159
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI925554A FI118535B (fi) | 1990-06-07 | 1992-12-07 | Happamien kloraattiliuosten sähkökemiallinen tuottaminen |
Country Status (18)
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2116427C (en) * | 1991-09-12 | 1998-09-29 | Rolf C.A. Brannland | Acidity control in chlorine dioxide manufacture |
| WO1993004979A1 (en) * | 1991-09-12 | 1993-03-18 | Eka Nobel Ab | Acidity control in chlorine dioxide manufacture |
| SE511003C2 (sv) * | 1992-03-16 | 1999-07-19 | Eka Chemicals Ab | Förfarande och apparat för framställning av svavelsyra och alkalimetallhydroxid |
| US5256261A (en) * | 1992-08-21 | 1993-10-26 | Sterling Canada, Inc. | Membrane cell operation |
| SE512388C2 (sv) * | 1993-04-26 | 2000-03-13 | Eka Chemicals Ab | Förfarande för framställning av alkalimetallklorat genom elektrolys |
| NZ268446A (en) * | 1993-07-02 | 1997-10-24 | Eka Nobel Inc Substituted For | Production of chlorine dioxide (from an acidified aqueous solution containing alkali metal sulphate and chlorate) using an electrochemical process |
| EP1232297B1 (en) * | 1999-11-26 | 2003-07-23 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for production of an alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution and chlorine dioxide |
| RU2236485C1 (ru) * | 2003-07-08 | 2004-09-20 | Путилов Николай Дмитриевич | Способ получения диоксида хлора |
| CN102167293A (zh) * | 2011-03-10 | 2011-08-31 | 福建省三明汇丰化工有限公司 | 一种使用双极性膜电渗析装置生产硫酸和氢氧化钠的方法 |
| CN106757132A (zh) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-31 | 精迪敏健康医疗科技有限公司 | 电解设备 |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2376935A (en) * | 1942-12-22 | 1945-05-29 | Duba Ab | Chlorine dioxide manufacture |
| US3810969A (en) † | 1971-06-22 | 1974-05-14 | Hooker Chemical Corp | Process for the production of chlorine dioxide |
| JPS50118993A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * | 1974-03-01 | 1975-09-18 | ||
| CA1080433A (en) * | 1976-03-19 | 1980-07-01 | Erco Industries Limited | High efficiency chlorine dioxide production at low acidity |
| US4129484A (en) * | 1976-05-11 | 1978-12-12 | Kemanord Ab | Process for regeneration of spent reaction solutions |
| SE425322B (sv) * | 1976-05-11 | 1982-09-20 | Kemanobel Ab | Forfarande vid framstellning av alkalimetall- eller jordalkalimetallklorit |
| US4219484A (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1980-08-26 | Standard Oil Company (Ohio) | Production of maleic anhydride from four-carbon hydrocarbons using catalysts prepared by water reflux techniques |
| IT1122699B (it) * | 1979-08-03 | 1986-04-23 | Oronzio De Nora Impianti | Collettore elettrico resiliente e cella elettrochimica ad elettrolita solido comprendente lo stesso |
| JPS58217682A (ja) * | 1982-06-01 | 1983-12-17 | アライド・コ−ポレ−シヨン | 使用済みレーヨン紡糸浴から誘導されるアルカリ金属硫酸塩有価物を変換するための電気透析水スプリット法 |
| DE3381495D1 (de) * | 1983-03-14 | 1990-05-31 | Allied Signal Inc | Saeurebildung in laugen mit gleichzeitiger herstellung von alkalimetall-hydroxid und salzsaeure durch wasserzersetzung in einem aus drei kammerntypen bestehenden elektrodialyseapparat. |
| US4702805A (en) * | 1986-03-27 | 1987-10-27 | C-I-L Inc. | Production of sodium chlorate |
| JPS6457470A (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1989-03-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Magnetic tape storage device |
| US4798715A (en) † | 1988-02-05 | 1989-01-17 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Producing chlorine dioxide from chlorate salt |
| CA1324976C (en) * | 1988-07-26 | 1993-12-07 | Zbigniew Twardowski | Combined process for production of chlorine dioxide and sodium hydroxide |
| US4806215A (en) * | 1988-07-27 | 1989-02-21 | Tenneco Canada Inc. | Combined process for production of chlorine dioxide and sodium hydroxide |
| US4915927A (en) † | 1988-10-21 | 1990-04-10 | Tenneco Canada Inc. | Production of chloric acid |
| US5084148A (en) † | 1990-02-06 | 1992-01-28 | Olin Corporation | Electrochemical process for producing chloric acid - alkali metal chlorate mixtures |
-
1991
- 1991-05-23 RU RU92016631A patent/RU2108413C1/ru active
- 1991-05-23 EP EP91909631A patent/EP0532535B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-23 CA CA002084183A patent/CA2084183C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-23 WO PCT/CA1991/000175 patent/WO1991018830A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-05-23 AU AU78772/91A patent/AU644179B2/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
- 1991-05-23 BR BR919106511A patent/BR9106511A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-23 AT AT91909631T patent/ATE134184T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-23 JP JP91509058A patent/JPH05506481A/ja active Pending
- 1991-05-23 DE DE69117180T patent/DE69117180D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-31 NZ NZ238362A patent/NZ238362A/xx unknown
- 1991-06-05 CS CS911711A patent/CS171191A3/cs unknown
- 1991-06-07 MY MYPI91001012A patent/MY107909A/en unknown
- 1991-06-07 CN CN91104562A patent/CN1054657C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-07 AR AR91319888A patent/AR247254A1/es active
- 1991-06-07 PT PT97915A patent/PT97915B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-06-26 TW TW080104963A patent/TW270151B/zh active
-
1992
- 1992-12-04 NO NO92924687A patent/NO924687L/no unknown
- 1992-12-07 FI FI925554A patent/FI118535B/fi active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2084183A1 (en) | 1991-12-08 |
| EP0532535A1 (en) | 1993-03-24 |
| ATE134184T1 (de) | 1996-02-15 |
| TW270151B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1996-02-11 |
| RU2108413C1 (ru) | 1998-04-10 |
| NO924687L (no) | 1993-02-05 |
| CN1059569A (zh) | 1992-03-18 |
| WO1991018830A1 (en) | 1991-12-12 |
| EP0532535B2 (en) | 2003-07-09 |
| AR247254A1 (es) | 1994-11-30 |
| BR9106511A (pt) | 1993-05-25 |
| PT97915B (pt) | 2001-05-31 |
| AU7877291A (en) | 1991-12-31 |
| MY107909A (en) | 1996-06-29 |
| FI925554A7 (fi) | 1992-12-07 |
| NO924687D0 (no) | 1992-12-04 |
| JPH05506481A (ja) | 1993-09-22 |
| DE69117180D1 (de) | 1996-03-28 |
| PT97915A (pt) | 1992-03-31 |
| NZ238362A (en) | 1993-07-27 |
| CS171191A3 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
| CA2084183C (en) | 2003-07-29 |
| FI925554A0 (fi) | 1992-12-07 |
| CN1054657C (zh) | 2000-07-19 |
| AU644179B2 (en) | 1993-12-02 |
| EP0532535B1 (en) | 1996-02-14 |
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