FI117385B - Process for the preparation of a dry mixture intended for the preparation of a cement suspension - Google Patents

Abstract

A dry mix, for producing a cement suspension for filling and/or injecting pore spaces and cavities in loose rock or cavities and/or cracks in rock or in concrete components, is in the form of a ready mix containing (a) sulphate additive-free finely ground clinker and/or smelter sand powder; (b) additives; and (c) an ettringite-forming swelling component which produces swelling during strength development of the fine cement-binder mixture while the matrix is still soft after the filling and/or injection operation. The entire homogeneous dry mix has a continuous graduated particle distribution with sieve pass values of d95 = ≤ 24 (preferably ≤ 16) microns and d50 = ≤ 7 (preferably ≤ 5) microns, the d50/d95 ratio preferably being 0.33 plus or minus 0.04. Preferably, the mix contains a naphthalene sulphonate-formaldehyde condensate as plasticiser. Also claimed are: (a) preparation of the above dry mix, in which all the components have the above defined fineness and particle distribution and are stored separately in storage silos, certain components being dosed from the corresponding silos for delivery to a mixer and the components being homogenised and mixed in the mixer to form the ready mix; and (b) apparatus for carrying out the above process, in which a storage silo (7-12) is provided for each component and is combined with a dosing device, the silos being followed by a mixer (14).

Description

117385

METHOD. FOR PREPARING A DRY MIXTURE FOR PREPARING A CEMENT SUSPENSION

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a dry mix 5 for the preparation of a cement slurry as disclosed in the preamble of claim 1.

Filling cements are very fine-grained hydraulic binders with continuous and narrow screened grain distribution and a maximum grain size limit of 10. The properties and use of filler cement are regulated, e.g., in an interim standard for filler cement work on broken rock (Bautechnik 70, (1993), page 9, Ernst & Sohn, pages 550-560, and ZTV-RISS 93, Newsletter Document B 5237, Transport Company).

15

The terminology in the two codes is not uniform. The standard uses the term "cement cement" and the term "fine cement" in ZTV-RISS. American literature talks about fine Portland cement (US-PS 5 106 20 423). In the following, the term "filler cuttings", which is also used in the relevant professional publications (Beton 1/94, pages 12-16, Felsbau 11 (1993), issue 6, special issue, Bauingenieur 67, (1992), pages 499-504), is mainly used.

According to the regulations, the filler cement for the preparation of the cement slurry must have a sieve permeability = 95% sieve • • V. with a mesh size of 16 μπι (0.016 mm) and be made from:. with suitable fillers and additives. Concepts and conceptual contents of filler and additive components * * * are defined in * 30 cement standard no. B 3, BBD / KA 1.93 / 20.

• · • · i * · *! ***** · ... · cement slurry is mainly used for filling and / or injecting, which is mainly produced on site. It is made up of at least two of the 35 alloy components, namely one retaining fine cement and filler, and another retaining additive. * * ♦ '·' · (György Ivänyi, Walter Rosa: "Fullen von Rissen und Hohlräumen • · im Konstrukt-2 117385 ionsbau with Zementsuspensionen ", Concrete and Stahlbetonbau 87 (1992), page 9, pages 224-229? Helmut Sager und Holger Graeve:" Einsatzmöglichkeiten zementgebundener Injektionssysteme "(Concrete 1/94, pages 12-16).

The success of the filler injection depends, for example, on the rheological properties of the cement slurry and on the mechanical properties of the materials to be hydrated into the cavity or cracks. Effective development of the filler cement is essential, which is achieved by blending and in the correct order of the required additives in the order of the filler cement manufacturer and according to the working methods. The manufacturer supplies the solid and liquid mixture components required for the preparation of the filler as single-component components and must be properly stored at the site in tanks, at a considerable cost to ensure careful storage conditions and strict adherence to mixing ratio and mixing sequence.

DE 40 13 871 A1 precisely defines a mixing system for the preparation of a cement slurry according to claim 1 ♦ 4 »* · \ from filler cement and additives such as a liquefier, swelling agents. , binder retardant and water retention additive: 25 and requirement 2 requires that: · desalinated water be used. Expanding agents must contain aluminates and bentonite.

t · m · · t m 9 «*» ·. ·: · According to US-P-5 106 423, even a certain order of 30 mixing is prescribed (column 2, lines 37-56). According to this publication, it is also possible to combine a mixture of separately ground fine slag and separately ground filler cement, when the specific gravity of the materials has to be varied according to the specific requirements (column 7, · * ·, lines 8-26). In addition, inert filler material of the same grain size can be designed (column 7, lines 38-46).

The delivery and storage of alloying components, as well as the disposal of alloying materials, are measures that significantly increase the cost of filler manufacturing. In addition, the prescribed handling and mixing of the alloying components are in many cases not sufficiently guaranteed at the construction site and require expensive and severe monitoring conditions. In addition, it is noted that, although known methods of filling cement are used, the quality of the cement suspension and, in particular, the hydrated material resulting therefrom, is significantly reduced at the joint. The reasons for this have so far been unknown.

10

The object of the invention is to simplify the preparation of the filler at the construction site and thereby to guarantee, at no extra cost, certain properties of the filler and the hydrated material.

These objects are solved by the symbols of claim 1. Preferred further developments of the invention are known from the dependent claims.

The filler cement binder mixture according to the invention consists of 20 one pre-fabricated pre-molded blend (factory dry mix), each of which is adapted for each particular application, for each specific application » at! The required fillers and additives are preferably the same or: with a high powder fineness as well as a controlled particle size distribution M · V *, a good dispersion in water and a high reactivity.

At the construction site, only dry water is mixed into the dry mix •; * j in a predetermined amount. Thus, the invention encompasses a simple mixing of factory dry blends under construction site conditions. 30 inch. The potential risk of mixing error in the gravimetric and / or volumetric control of the »I · ***** alloy components at the construction site * ..« * is excluded. In addition, the exact action required to date • * ;, 5 series in the mixing of alloy components remains *. ···. out of which failure to date has led to a significant 35 quality changes. The manufacturing method of the invention, which is designed for powder dry blending and granular distribution for the determination of factory dry blend, allows for accurate metering of all components such as clinker powder and / or blast furnace slag powder as well as 4,117,385 dry additives such as fillers and additives. The factory dry mix according to the invention does not require desalinated water. It may also be mixed with chloride-containing residual water in accordance with Table 1 of "Restwasser-Richtlinie", published by DAfStb (Deutscher Aus-schub fur Stahlbeton, "Richtlinie Fur Herstellung von Beton unter Verwendung von Restwasser, Restbeton und Restmörtel 1991"). As a result of the adjusted recipe, the processing properties of the suspension as well as the mechanical properties of the hydrated materials are substantially independent of the water quality.

Avoidance of processing errors in mixing doses of the suspensions of this invention is critical to e.g., the approval and success of, e.g., filler binder injection procedures, since it is not usually possible to replace the injection procedure with economically viable operating costs as a substitute for features. In addition, the use of the factory dry blend according to the invention offers economic advantages in filling, storage and transport, as well as in the care of any shipping containers.

According to the invention, the filler cement binder mixture comprises filler * · * · *, 5 · flour, or flour, dry additives and, if necessary, dry fillers. Fillet flour consists of Portland cement clinker filler 5: *: powder (this is without finely ground Portlandsement /? ·· tiklinklinker) or Portland cement flint filler and canal mouth slag powder (this is without finely ground * * * ma mouth slag powder only) · «·· * about them + accelerator. The filler is preferably bentonite. The additives are essentially the flow additive t. * · *. or a disintegrating additive, a solidifying retardant additive, a water retention additive, a solidifying accelerator additive, and expansion components.

5, 117385

The amounts of addition to the clinker filler powder or the clinker filler powder and blast furnace slag powder blend or blast furnace slag filler powder are very accurate and reproducibly adjusted with one another, with all relevant ingredients being preferably d95 <24 mm, preferably d95 <16 mm, preferably d95 < µια, and preferably a d50 ratio of d95 = 0.33 +/- 0.04 (d95 * grain size at 95 wt% screening density; d50 = grain size at 50 wt% screen penetration). Especially when these conditions are used, it is possible to optimize the effect of the additives. By way of example, the effect of the amount of addition, for example the amount of flowability admixture, results in a cement suspension of 0.7 prepared from the filler-binder blend with a water-binder ratio of 0.7 below. The curves of the curve illustrate, of course, that even small deviations of the flowability additive component from the preset mixing ratio affect the rheological properties that are crucial to the success of injection suspension. While you run to bytes, raising the parent compound from two to four% by weight negatively affects the suspension initial viscosity - the time from t = 0 shown in Fig. Β # β · 20 2 using the Marsh time. However, subsequent viscosity development during the treatment of fresh mixtures • f; s ** occurs as a visible dependence on the flowability additive f '*. Therefore, proper use of the cement slurry i can only be expected when either the initial viscosity or the viscosity after use is optimized by the selection of suitable flowability additives and their controlled amounts.

I- · ta · * · a • M ·

When optimizing the dosing of additives, the effect of the additives on the strength of the hydrated oa · ** V suspension must be taken into account in order to meet, in particular, the material requirements for a statically effective recovery operation. The data compiled in the following Table 1 ·· * ·, the prismatic specimen compression strength ^ from the study, show that an overdose of 5% w / w of an additive resilient leads to a loss of early strength. With a flowability additive of 6% by weight, there is absolutely no strength to be measured near the inadequately cured suspension.

6 117385

Table l

Cement suspension (water-binder ratio - 0.6) early strength depending on additive net weight 5

Net weight of additive Compressive strength after two days 10 (wt%) (N / mm2) 4% 20.8 5% 18.9 15 6% not measurable

Surprisingly, it has been found that the safety and operational problems associated with the use of a multi-component system at the construction site can simultaneously avoid and meet the high filler requirements of using a pre-finished dry mix with finely divided powder and filler filler. This is accomplished by mixing # *: '·· 25 starting material with a filler cement according to the invention. fillers and additives needed to make a binder blend, depending on the application, already at the factory after the grinding of the clinker: or blast furnace slag only, so that ♦ * · j *: *. for dry mixing, its use at the construction site requires the addition of 30 water only, corresponding to the given water binder mixing value. ready-to-use cement suspension. This TI / is possible by using powdered additives and fillers * · * * with a single powder: V: fineness and particle size distribution, whereby these fillers and Γ **: 35 additives have very high degradability and reactivity. · Β in dry mix with water. The specific degradability and / or more specifically the water solubility and reactivity of this resinous dry component guarantees the immediate activity of the contents after mixing with the concrete water. It is surprising that not only differences in addition amounts, but especially differences in powder fineness and grain distribution, especially within the defined d95 and d50 limits or ratios 7117385, produce similar differences in results that had been attempted prior to predicting the above blend components and specific blending order © use of untreated water. The additives react unexpectedly within the stated 5 fineness ranges, so that powder fineness and grain distribution can be used as a parameter for the desired properties.

To form a dry mix according to the invention, grinding, screening, dispensing and mixing devices are necessary to ensure a reliable preparation of the filler cement binder mix with a consistent quality. The process according to the invention is characterized in that the individual components are treated completely separately up to a predetermined powder fines and grain size distribution. The accurately controlled dosing and mixing devices then provide a dry mix by homogenization according to the defined chemical-mineralogical composition.

The pre-finishing dry blends according to the invention are characterized by the fact that they give • ti *. mixed with water, low-medium mixing stable ** cement suspensions characterized by particularly good * * ·: · consistency based on dry chemical and water mixing * ·: 25 tensile chemical-physical and physical properties and working period based on their low reactivity early so that they are suitable as a mineral: system for absorption and injection in all cases.

• M «

In addition, a basic *, ·. The relatively high early strength of the hydrated mixture after 30 hours of work, so that such cement suspension slurries are also suitable for static action (force-bearing) operations, regardless of the moisture content of the component being injected.

* ·

«M

Due to the relatively high water requirement of the filler cement, visible shrinkage occurs during the curing process, which until now has only been partially and uncontrolled compensated by the use of fillers (hentonite) or additives (expansion components) known herein. However, in the case of the factory dry mix according to the invention described above, the shrinkage is controllable because the filler cement binder 5 contains, depending on the manufacture, fillers and additives with a controlled effect. however, the disadvantages of shrinkage, in particular the loss of adhesive tensile strength, cannot be compensated. Prior art alloys have shown that, in particular, the shrinkage margin also varies and that, consequently, no cohesive quality of mechanical-technological properties can be guaranteed for the curing filler. In a particular additional operation, it is possible to produce a predetermined expansion by taking shrinkage into account in the filler cement binder mixture of the invention and to adjust the predetermined expansion dimension to the particular application. The expansion effect or volume expansion avoids the controlled or, more precisely, predetermined loss of adhesive tensile strength 20 of a composite made of stone (e.g. rock) or concrete and injected filler. At the same time, complete filling of cavities or cracks • • .. due to expansion improves the sealing of the composite structure.

• * ♦ * m "A number of" expansion cements "are known which are based on * · 'only ordinary composition and powder fineness cement * ·: 25 as well as common expansion components. Long-term practical experience with these expansion cements has shown that can be achieved by having an Expansion Level Account comprising • an Expansion Component that forms etringite, where known Expansion Cements consist of a mixture of commercial * 30 Portland cement and an aluminum sulfate-containing * * * * · * · "component. The properties of this known expansion cement depend on its chemical-mineralological properties ***; and component ratios as well as technological. ···. factors such as consistency and storage conditions or the like. In spite of extensive practical experience with this known expansion cement, considerable problems occur in the purposeful control of the process of formation of the solid material during curing. With known 9,117,385 expansion cements, the weight ratio between Portland cement and the expansion component, as well as the chemical activity of the expansion component, act as controllable effect factors.

5

Within the scope of the invention, it will be appreciated that in the factory-dry mixing of the invention, swelling can be controlled separately not only by different addition rates but also by a specific reactive etringite-forming expansion component 10 by varying the reactivity of the expansion component Here, the curing rate of the matrix of the binder blend and the rate of formation of the expanding component etringite determine each other. For example, an aluminum-sulphate base pulp is used as an expansion component, especially consisting of calcium aluminate and calcium sulphate having a particle size distribution and powder fineness within the above-mentioned grain size distribution and powder fineness of the filler cement binder blend. With the parameters powder fineness and particle size distribution, the swelling is reproducibly controllable so that the filler cement binder mixture is sufficient to meet the specific technical requirements of the working material.

• · * ♦: Surprisingly, the expansion component * ·: 25 that forms the etringite produces a synergistic effect by increasing the settling stability of the cementitious * **: pension.

• · *: The expansion control according to the invention is particularly effective in * · *! *: ·. aluminum aluminium and calcium iron ore poor clinker filler powder 30.

* · · I »· •» • «·

In the factory dry mix according to the invention, the expansion component is arranged in an expansion component free filling cement -. ** ·. sideainesekoitukseen. Here, the expansion component free filler # 35 cement mix binder is blended with an expansion component of 50-95% by weight, preferably 70-90% by weight, and with a particle size distribution of d95 <24 µm, preferably d95 <16 µm, and d50 <7 µm, preferably d50 <5 µm, and preferably at a ratio of d50 / d95 = 0.33 + / “0.04 e.g.

10117385 to a base weight of aluminate sulfate, preferably calcium aluminate and calcium sulfate, in a proportion of 5-50 wt%, preferably 10-30%, preferably lower or the same fineness and with a particle size distribution whereby the homogenized total mixture has a particle size distribution of d95 <24 mm, preferably d95 <lo ^ m, and d50 <7 µη, more preferably d50 <5 mm, and the ratio d50 / d95 = 0.33 +/- 0.04.

In order to determine the predetermined different swelling effects of the filler-cement-10 filler mixture according to the invention, the binder mixture is first prepared with different filler fines and grain size distributions preset in the batch and finally the batch curing rate is determined. In addition, the expansion component of the charge is prepared with preset various powder fines and grain size distributions, and finally the charge eteringite formation rate is determined. From the determined rates of cure and etringite formation, mixing is then locked at a predetermined expansion measure and production is then arranged.

The invention will be explained in more detail in the following examples with reference to the drawings in which: * · * * ♦ * * "Figure 1 shows a schematic apparatus for preparing a dry dry mixture of the invention; · i: 4 4 4 4 4 A _ 4 4 # 25 4 4 4 4 ^ ^ 4 4 *! Figure 2 is a graph showing the effect of increasing the flow rate additive; 4 «4 4 # 4 4 4 4 44 *

Figure 3 is a diagram of the grain distribution; 30 4 4 4 4 4 * · * · * Figure 4 is a graph showing the reaction rates of the filler-cement binder mixture 4 4 4 and the expansion component; 4 · * # 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 / **. Figure 5 shows the grain distribution of the filler cement binder mixture and the expansion component

For the first time, the invention provides a site-appropriate, site-ready factory dry mix in the form of a single dry mix, 11 117385 to which only a predetermined amount of water is to be mixed. Mixing errors in the dosage of the ingredients for the preparation of the filler cement binder mix will no longer occur. The water is mixed with a high efficiency mixer. During mixing, fine, dry additives can start to work immediately. Make a dry mix can be made with the same composition and quality as often. This was accomplished by the realization that additives should not be co-milled with cement clinker, so that the additives preferably have 10 same or greater fineness and suitable grain distribution, and that the additives act very intensively within this fineness range with relatively small additions (see Figure 2) and particle size distribution. as well as the differences in fineness that make a big difference in the action you want. Additive amounts of additives are preferably from 2 to 5% by weight (excluding the expansion component).

Typically, filler cement is produced during joint grinding of Portland cement clinkers and at least one sulphate-containing material, whereby the corresponding filler is directed, "· 20 to the side of the cement mill, provided the delivery of the filler cement is * *;. which meets the requirements for d95 values. It has been found within the scope of the invention that this method of production is the main cause of the fact that cement suspensions are not * *: 25 homogeneous upon delivery. Uncertainty • a *: For this reason, attempts have been made to confront this unfortunate issue by obtaining alloys and special mixing rules, which, however, has not led to sufficient success. Only the separate grinding of cement clinker * * · · clinker turns into powder and. Grinding of blast furnace slag to blast furnace slag filler powder insofar as the * * * filler cement binder mixture may contain blast furnace slag filler * * ... * powder, as well as the use of filler and additives, in particular at least the same fineness and grain size distribution, and differently. Storing all components for the complete cementitious binder blend assembly, after accurate dosing and homogenization of the components, guarantees the specified quality of the filler or cement suspension and curing products. It is essential to the invention that at least the fineness and grain size of the filler cement binder blend or the filler cement binder blend as a whole have the required fineness and grain size distribution, whereby the additives may be coarser, but within the grain size blend. In so far as no additive is present on the market in the desired fineness and grain size distribution, the additive must be prepared in a similar manner separately. Otherwise, the additives on the market, if they differ in fineness and in grain size distribution, should be similarly selected. It is surprising that the additives exhibit a special and previously unknown reaction response, particularly in a very finely divided form, with a finely divided binder blend, and the intended injection quality can be guaranteed by ensuring that a certain quality is also available - i.e., regarding their defined ingredients and the fineness and grain distribution of the filler cement binder blend. This was not possible in normal "milking" production of Norma ali cement grinding because, as will be understood within the scope of the invention, the composition of M, i 20 "milking products" is degraded, which of course is reconstituted during the "milking process". - * i '* braced. The "milking product" e.g. concentrates with certain mineral phases, e.g. sulfates, uncontrolled.

«* * 9 •« * I ♦ »· *! With the apparatus shown schematically in Figure 1, filler-binder blends according to the invention can be prepared without difficulty. Here, mill 1 receives the transport path la: pure Portland cement clinker and grinds it into clinker • ** 4 pre-powder. The clinker powder is fed through transport paths 18-2a / e 30 into storage silo 2. With the same purified mill 1, · · V. · is introduced into transport path la along the blast furnace slag in granular form and * ... · ground into blast furnace slag powder transported through transport paths 18.3a into storage silo 3. a portion of the aggregate may be set aside along the cement plant transport path 18a 35, for example for the production of standard Portland cement. The storage silo 4 stores the finely ground bentonite, which is led to the silo 4 via a transport path 4a. Each of the goods from silos 2, 3 and 4 is taken separately along transport paths 2b, 3b and 4b and 13 117385 is screened with a wind separator 5, whereby the same wind separator 5 is cleaned sequentially or a separate wind separator is provided for each material stream (not shown). Similarly, for example, a second mill for blast furnace slag can be used to make blast furnace slag powder. The number of shelves depends on the desired efficiency of the plant.

In wind separation in wind separator 5, the filler with a specified powder fineness and grain distribution is set aside and blown from the blower 6 along conveyor path 5a to the respective transport path 7a, 8a, 9a and thence to the respective filler silo 7, 8 or 9. with a specified powder fineness and grain size distribution.

15

The coarse material of screen 5 is conveyed along transport path 5b and 18a or 19a to each of the intermediate storage silos 18, e.g., clinker powder and intermediate storage silo 19 for blast furnace slag powder and thence along the transport path Ib, 20 further to mill 1.

* * «

In the case of bentonite, the coarse constituents are discarded via the transport path 20 or diverted to another use. Next to the filler silos 7, • · '8 and 9 there are other filler silos for the additives, * ·:: 25, e.g., the filler silos 10, 11 and 12, each containing ♦ · »· the additive with a predetermined fineness and grain size distribution.

Fillers are removed from silos 7-12 in bulk dispensers along transport paths 7b, 8b, 9b, 10b, 11b, 12b, through the dispenser. 30 (not shown) and left on the scales 13. The filler is introduced * * * · ** from the scales along a transport path 13b to a mixer 14, e.g., a plowing belt to a mixer, where the filler is homogenized to make a scavenger mix. Finally, the finished factory dry blending can be. * * ·. immediately bag or lead along transport path 14b to a storage silo 15 from which the ready mix can be filled into a silo wagon along transport path 15b.

14 117385

Additives may also be grouped to simplify homogenisation by filling e.g. at least two additives e.g. from silos 11 and 12 into a common pre-scale 16 and finally leaving a prime scale 16 in each silo, which may be in the silo 10 region. Fig.

According to the method according to the invention, the cement clinker is milled in mill 1 without any additive, in particular without a sulfate-10 carrier. Thus, the pre-powder and filler powder do not contain any sulfate components. To produce a filler-binder blend with or without an expansion component, Portland cement clinkers are also milled without the addition of sulfate, whereby one silo, e.g. betting is determined.

* 20 Likewise, a sulphate carrier, which is usually added during the clinker grinding process, is kept or stored in a silo to effect the reaction of the clinker filler powder.

The plant according to the invention for the preparation of the dry matter mixture according to the invention naturally has the same number of silos as the dry matter mixture may or should contain the ingredient: /. parts or components.

M * * * · * 30 The plant of the invention can be combined with a factory blend of dry ingredients with predetermined ingredients at predetermined grain size and grain size distribution, whereby the activity of the ingredients in the suspension is selectively controlled. The vague nature of the filler, ···, can thus be ruled out.

ft »'35

Figure 3 shows the boundary distribution curves. The curves KV1-KV3 show, by way of example, the grain size distribution of the filler cement binder compositions according to the invention. The curves KV4-KV6 are outside the required grain size and grain size distribution for the fine cement binder blend of the invention. However, within the scope of the invention, an additive, in particular an expansion component, may be used with a grain distribution of curves KV4 to KV6, provided that and insofar as the final product, namely the finished factory dry blend, corresponds to KV1 to KV3. Accordingly, it is possible to add, for example, a coarser additive according to curve KV6, which pushes the filler-cement binder mixture with the curve distribution according to curve KV1 into the curve distribution of curve KV3.

Particularly in the manufacture of a selective and defined repeatable expandable binder blend, this possibility is used when the expansion dimension can thus be modified to be particularly effective in a defined manner.

Figure 4 illustrates, by way of example, the change in etringite formation or rate of etringite formation over time and the course of strength development of an expandable filler cement binder mixture according to the invention. The formation of etheringite on the basis of the expansion component (curve 1), which causes the swelling of the 20 curable suspension, is adjusted to the extent that the ement .. ..cement cement-binder mix mixes and coincides with the onset strength development (curve at 2 t0). there are still shocks («· • flexing, ie similar young concrete is still ·: 25 elastically-plastically deformable.

· «*> · ♦ •« *

According to the invention, the expansion dimension is selectively controlled through both the addition rates of the expansion component and also the expansion and particle size distribution of the expansion component. These dependencies are explained in more detail in the following various characters.

«« • ♦ · • «» * i «* l

EXAMPLE l * v «l K i« · · i ·. ··· * Figure 5 shows the free filler cement binder blend as well as the grain size distribution of the expansion component. The following Table 2 contains the eigenvalues of the experimentally selected expansion component free filler cement binder and the particle size distribution of the expansion component.

16 117385

Table 2

Characteristics of Experimental Expansion Component-Free Cement-Binder-5 Blend and Expansion Component Grain Size Distribution

Characteristics Expansion Component Free Expansion Component 10 Fill Cement-Binder Mix

Om. surface area 8.000 cm2 / g 10.000 cm2 / g d50 4.5 μια. 2.5 μπι 15 d95 14 μία 7.5 μτα d50 / d95 0.32 0.33

The effect of the blending ratio of the swelling component free filler cement binder blend and the 20 swelling components on the swelling capacity of the filler cement binder blend is shown in Table 3.

Table 3 »25 Effect of Net Weight of Component on the Expansion Capacity of a Cement-Binder-Mixture Mix« a »t t 1 ^! · 1 Proportion of Component A 90 80 70!!: <P -%> 30 _ · '' Proportion of Component B 10 20 30 (w / w) ·. · J Expansion 0 0.126 0.406 35 (mm / m) • 1 4 "1 '- -' ......." "

I 4 «I I

• 1 e t ·

Component A: Expansion Component-Free Binder »·· 1. y blend (Own area 8000 ciir / g) i · »• · I. _ • 40 »1« * ·. · 1 Component B: Expansion Component (Own Area lo.ooo cm2 / g) 5 117385 17

From Table 3, it can be seen that, with the subtlety of component A and component B, the swelling capacity of the filler can be controlled by the mixing ratio of the components.

EXAMPLE 2 This example illustrates the effect of fineness of the swelling component on the swelling capability of a filler cement binder blend. In order to illustrate the effects of the expansion component fineness on the expansion capability of the filler cement binder blend according to the invention, the fineness of the expansion component free filler cement binder blend (component A) is set and the fineness of the expansion component (component B) is varied. The mixing ratio of both components 15 is component A / component B = * 70/30.

Corresponding line distributions for both components are included in Figure 3. The abbreviations for the line distributions (KV) in Table 4 below refer to the representation in Figure 3.

* 20 • * *>:

Table 4 »i * • e e! Specification of Components of a Binder Cement Mixture according to an Experimentally Selected Invention M · i · * * * # ^

Equity / Component A Component B

Component (Expansion Component (Expansion Component) i * ·. free-fill filler-cement-bond i /: mix) 4: V: Om. area 8,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 (cm 2 / g) 35 _

Granule distribution KV 3 KV 4 KV 3 KV 2 V 5 (Ref, Figure 3) '··· * Proportion 70 30 30 30 40 (wt%) 18 117385

The following Table 5 gives the effect of fineness of the expansion component on the expansion capacity.

Table 5 5

Effect of fineness of the swelling component on the swelling ability of the filler-cement-binder mixture according to the invention.

10 Components A KV 3 KV 3 KV 3 (8,000 cm2 / g) (8,000 cm2 / g) (8,000 cm2g)

Component B KV 4 KV 3 KV 2 15 (6,000 cm2 / g) (8,000 cm2 / g) (10,000 cm2 / g)

Mix ratio 70:30 70:30 70:30 (A: B) 20 _

Expansion 3.98 2.13 0.406 (mm / m) 25 4 ί "ϊ From the example, it can be seen that with the expansion component-free filler cement *** .. ti-binder blend and the swell component granularity change, the filler cement binder blend of the invention can: The swelling capacity of the filler cement binder blend * 30 decreases as the fineness of the swelling component increases.

Thus, the swelling capacity of the filler cement binder mix can be controlled in particular by the fineness of the components, so that swelling-containing and also swelling-free filler * * 4 can be prepared! cement-binder blend, m.p. in the final step,

IU

V * 35 mixing without expansion. Expansion Blends * «V. use is always necessary when the use of an expansion-containing j ··· filler could cause structural damage to the injected component due to expansion pressure!.! : via.

4 4 «* ... * 40

Paisuntakomponentt! - which will soon be mentioned - preferably consists of calcium aluminate and calcium sulfate. These ingredients are milled separately to different pre-set fines and grain size distribution, and then the etringite formation rate 19,117,385 is determined. The weight ratio of calcium aluminate to calcium sulfate is determined by taking into account the stoichiometric ratio for complete etringite formation. Similarly, the filler cement-binder mix is combined at different presets and grain size distributions, and then the development of strength is determined. By controlling the development of strength and the rate of etringite formation, a mixture of components is then produced which provides a certain measure of expansion. This blend is then assembled as a factory dry blend in the apparatus of the invention and delivered to 10 construction sites.

The setting of the reactivity of the fineness and grain distribution of both clinker powder, blast furnace slag powder or a mixture thereof, as well as an additive, especially an expansion component, allows for immediate and additional cost immediate response to different specific operational requirements, either by or by using a refiner assembly and screening the charge from charge to charge. Because the silos are connected to a metering plant, the factory dry mix is controlled in a cementitious slurry or cemented slurry.

Claims (19)

A process for preparing a dry mix for a cement suspension for filling pore volume and shark and / or s injection into porous rocks or heels and / or filling cracks and / or injection into rock or concrete building blocks, in the form of a finished dry mix with determined composition for each use, which is finally mixed with water, which dry mixture comprises 10. a very fine clinker powder which has been ground without additives containing sulfate, or a very fine pebble powder or a mixture of these additives, if any additives, wherein the homogeneous dry mixture in its entirety is constituted by a constantly graded grain distribution whose visibility permeability values are d95 </ = 24pm and d50 </ = 7pm and all components are stored separately in storage silos and the process followed as follows; Ai) Portland cement clinker is ground in a cement mill without additive containing sulfate to clinker powder, a2) the clinker powder is stored in storage silo, Γ. a3) the clinker powder is screened for predetermined fineness and grain size, for the preparation of a very fine clinker powder. ver, • * * ll a4) the very fine clinker powder is stored in a storage silo; • when using hutstone, the granulated hutstone is ground in a cement mill to the hutstone powder, b2) the hutstone powder is stored. in a bearing silo, the b3} pebble powder is screened for predetermined fineness and βββ2 grain size for the production of a very fine pebble powder, the very fine pebble powder is stored in a bearing silo, c) the additives (d) any additives stored in storage silos, eS ** 2 (e) the use-specific predetermined components are dosed in predetermined quantities from their respective storage units and placed in a mixer and mixed in this to a homogeneous dry mix with predetermined properties. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the coarse material of the screen 5 is stored in the same manner each time. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the coarse material is each time milled. Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the additives are ground prior to storage. Process according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the additives are mixed in somewhat coarser form and with a somewhat further stepped grain distribution than required according to claims 1, 14 and 15. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the components of the dry mixture is stored separately in different degrees of fineness and different grain distributions. * * · ·; Process according to one or more of claims 1-6, characterized in that each component of the dry mixture is stored in storage silos (eg 7-12), with each silo operating connected to a dosing device, the silos have a mixer (14) connected. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that a weighing vessel (13) is used which is connected before the mixer (14). 444 • 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that. a high-power mixer is used as a mixer (14). 10. Method according to one or more of claims 7-9, characterized in that at least one of the components uses at least two storage containers, where the component is stored. 117385 Method according to one or more of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that a bearing silo (15) is used, which is arranged after the mixer (14). Method according to one or more of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that an equipment is used which comprises a cement mill (1), a bearing silo (2) and a wind screen (5) for producing the very fine clinker powder, wherein The output side of the cement mill (1) and the bearing side (2) entrance side, as well as the exit side (10) of the bearing silo (2) and the entrance side of the windscreen (5) and the exit side of the windscreen (5) of the very fine clinker powder bearing silo (8) are connected to the corresponding transport. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that an equipment is used which comprises a cement mill (1), a bearing silo (3) and a windscreen (5) for producing the very fine pebble powder, the output side of the cement mill (1) and the entrance side of the bearing silo (2), and the exit side of the bearing silo (2) and the entrance side of the windscreen (5) and the exit side of the windscreen (5) and the entrance side of the bearing silo (7) of the very fine stone powder are connected to the corresponding transport lines. m • * Method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized by: ·. That an equipment is used where the exit side * ** of the windscreen (5) is connected with the conveyor line to the entrance side of the silon (18c, 19) | the output side of the silon and / or silos (18c / 19) being connected with the conveyor line to the cement mill (1). 15. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the screen's J. permeability values are set to d95 </ = 16 and d50 </ = 5 pm. • · ♦ · «·· Method according to claim 15, characterized in that, ·· *! the ratio of the transmittance value of the screen is set from d50 to ’*: ** 35 d95 = 0.33 +/- 0.04. • »• * 117385 17. A method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that 5-95% by weight of very fine pebble powder is used in relation to the very fine clinker powder. Method according to one or more of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that an accelerator blank is used for the very fine pebble powder, whose grinding degree and grain distribution are the same or finer than the very fine pebble powder. 10 Process according to one or more of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that a naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde concentrate is used as a powdered superplastic additive. Method according to one or more of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the additive is always used in amounts of 2-5% by weight. Method according to one or more of claims 15 - 20, 20, characterized in that an additive component is used as an additive. Method according to one or more of claims 15 - 21, characterized in that the additive used is bentonite 9 and / or a high dispersity silica and / or silicic acid. ! ** A method according to one or more of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that a superplastic additive and / or a cure retardant is used as an additive. And / or a cure accelerator and / or a water bonding agent. * · • * • * 9 9 9 9 • »» 9 9 9 999 · · * · • «9 9 999 9 • 9 9 9 • 9