LT3989B - Cement flour - binding aggregate of materials, device and method for its preparing - Google Patents

Abstract

A dry mix, for producing a cement suspension for filling and/or injecting pore spaces and cavities in loose rock or cavities and/or cracks in rock or in concrete components, is in the form of a ready mix containing (a) sulphate additive-free finely ground clinker and/or smelter sand powder; (b) additives; and (c) an ettringite-forming swelling component which produces swelling during strength development of the fine cement-binder mixture while the matrix is still soft after the filling and/or injection operation. The entire homogeneous dry mix has a continuous graduated particle distribution with sieve pass values of d95 = ≤ 24 (preferably ≤ 16) microns and d50 = ≤ 7 (preferably ≤ 5) microns, the d50/d95 ratio preferably being 0.33 plus or minus 0.04. Preferably, the mix contains a naphthalene sulphonate-formaldehyde condensate as plasticiser. Also claimed are: (a) preparation of the above dry mix, in which all the components have the above defined fineness and particle distribution and are stored separately in storage silos, certain components being dosed from the corresponding silos for delivery to a mixer and the components being homogenised and mixed in the mixer to form the ready mix; and (b) apparatus for carrying out the above process, in which a storage silo (7-12) is provided for each component and is combined with a dosing device, the silos being followed by a mixer (14).

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to fine cement, a mixture of binder materials for preparing a cement suspension for filling and / or embedding in a pressure, such as porous rock voids and voids. The invention also relates to a process for the production of a mixture of fine cement binders and to a device for the realization thereof.

Fine cements are fine-grained hydraulic binders with a constant and narrow gradation of grain granulation, with no limitation in grain size. The properties of fine cements and their applications are described, for example, in a temporary memoir on the embedding of fine binders in porous rocks (Bautechnik 70, [1993], book 9, Ernst & Sohn, pages 550-560, and ZTV-RISS 93, Verkehrsblatt-Dokument B 5237, Verkehrsblatt-Verlag).

Both of these sources use different terminology. Elementary uses the term fine cement and ZTV-RISS the term fine cement. Micro-fine Portland cement is referred to in American literature (U.S. Pat. No. 5,106,423). The term fine cement, which is also used in the corresponding special reports, will be used below (Beton 1/94, p. 1216; Felsbau 11 [1993], no. 6; Sonderabdruck, Bauingenieur 67, [1992], 499504p.).

According to the technology, fine cement for the production of cement slurry must have a bulk density of> 95% with a 16 µm (0.016 mm) sieve and be made with suitable additives and auxiliary materials. Concepts and contents of auxiliary materials and auxiliaries are defined in the literature on cement (Zement-Merkblatt No. B 3, BBD / KA 1.93 / 20).

The cement slurry, which is usually produced on a construction site, is used as a filler material for filling and / or pressurizing. It is prepared in barrels with at least two components, namely, one component consisting of fine cement and auxiliary materials and a second component consisting of auxiliary means (Gyorgy Ivanyi, Walter Rosa: Construction of structures for cracks and voids by filling with cement suspension, und Stahlbetonbau 87 [1992], 9, pages 224-229, Helmut Sager und Holger Graeve: Possibilities of Cement Injection Systems, Concrete 1/94, pages 12-16).

The success of injection and filling material depends, for example, on the Theological properties of the cement suspension and the mechanical-technological properties of the hydrated material in voids or crevices. The fine cement needs to be better prepared according to the technology and working principle of the fine cement manufacturer, with intensive mixing and correct mixing of the necessary accessories. The filler materials are separately supplied by the manufacturer in barrels for the solid and liquid components and must be stored on site in accordance with the rules in the barrels, in addition to careful storage and competent cement slurry admixture ratios and mixing costs.

The first paragraph of DE 40 13 871 A1 specifies the mixing consistency for making a cement slurry from fine cement and auxiliary agents as a diluent, a swelling agent, a curing retarder, a water retention agent, and water according to Claim 2 of the same patent specification. , cleaned of mineral impurities. Swelling agents must contain aluminates and concrete.

The consistency of mixing is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,106,423 (column 2, lines 37-56). For the purposes of this Decision, mixtures may also be composed of individually ground fine slag and separately ground fine cement, provided that the specificity of the materials can be changed according to specific requirements (column 7, lines 8 to 26). In addition, inert materials of the same grain size may be envisaged (column 7, lines 38-46).

The supply and storage of components in barrels and the removal of empty barrels are means of making the filling material considerably more expensive. In addition, the use described above and the mixing of components from structures on the construction site are often unreliable and require very expensive and stringent control conditions. It has further been found that, even if known production methods are followed, the quality of the cement suspension produced from different structures, and in particular the quality of the hydrated materials from the cement suspension, can vary considerably. The reasons for this are still unknown.

The object of the invention is to simplify the production of filler materials on the construction site and to guarantee the properties of the filler material and the hydrated material at no extra cost.

The solution for this purpose is described by the distinctive features of paragraph 1 of the definition. The other claims are specific to the invention.

According to the invention, the fine cement-binder mixture consists of a single application-specific, pre-fabricated fine cement-binder mixture having all the additives and additives required for a particular application, usually the same or finer grinding, as well as the required granulation, good dispersion in water, and active reactions. The dry mix on the construction site only needs to be mixed with the specified amount of water. In this way, a dry factory mix can be easily prepared on construction sites. Errors in combining the weight and / or volume components of the structures at this site are avoided. In addition, there is no need to adhere to the consistency required to date when mixing components from barrels, the failure of which has hitherto caused significant quality interference. The inventive manufacturing method for preforming mill dry blends with predetermined grinding granulation and granulation enables accurate dosing of all components, both fine grinding clinker and / or metallurgical slag, and dry additives as additive and additive. According to the invention, the factory dry mixture does not require water purified from mineral impurities. It can be mixed with residual chloride-containing water. See. Table 1 Residual Water - Directive, DAfStb (German Committee for Reinforced Concrete Directive on Concrete Production using Residual Water, Residual Concrete and Residual Mortar [October 1991 edition)). As a result, the technological-technical properties of the suspension as well as the mechanical-technical properties of the hydrated material are completely independent of the water quality.

The avoidance of technological-technical manufacturing errors in the use of the slurry mixture according to the present invention, for example, is critical to the choice and success of injection using fine binders, since repetition of the injection by correcting the previous error is, as a rule. In addition, the use of factory dry mixes according to the invention is economically advantageous for packaging, storage and transport, as well as for transporting empty transport containers.

The present fine cement-adhering mixture of materials consists of one or more fine flour, dry additives and, in this case, dry additives. Fine flour consists of a mixture of Portland cement clinker flour (ie without additives, Portland cement clinker flour only) or a mixture of Portland cement clinker flour and metallurgical slag flour (ie without additives, only metallurgical slag flour) or only metallurgical slag flour plus stimulant. Concrete is commonly used as an additive. Auxiliary means typically include flow agents or dispersants, hardeners, water accumulators, hardeners, and swelling components.

The amount of additives in the flour or in the blend of the flour and the metallurgical slag flour or metallurgical slag flour is highly compatible with each other as it influences the technological process and in most cases the granulation of all the basic ingredients is d95 <24 μηπ, usually d95 <16 μιτι and d50 <7 μιτι, usually d50 <5 μηη and most often d50 with d95 = 0.33 ± 0.04 (d95 = grain diameter at 95% by weight of the sieve; d50 = grain diameter at sieve with the bulk 50% by weight). If these conditions are met, the influence of additional measures can be optimized. For example, the effect of an additional amount of flow agent on the technological-technical properties of a cement suspension made from a fine cement-admixture mixture with a water-bond ratio of 0.7 is shown in FIG. The shape of the curves makes it clear that the slightest deviation from the ratio of the mixture given influences the theological properties of the suspension for the success of the injection. Here, increasing the flow rate from 2 to 4% by weight of the initial viscosity of the suspension - the insertion passage time t = 0 in FIG. The cement suspension will only be properly applied if both the initial viscosity and the viscosity at the end of the application are optimized by accurate weighing of suitable density measures.

While optimizing dosing dosages, the effect of the additive on the stability of the hydrated material should be taken into account, in particular to meet the material requirements with static-effective conditioning agents. The results of compression strength prism specimens in Table 1 below loss of strength of the material. At 6% by weight of the fluid, the compressive strength of materials of insufficient strength from suspensions cannot be measured.

Table 1

Resistance tests of materials from cement slurries (water-to-binder ratio = 0.6) depending on the weight of additional measures.

Weighing of additional measures (% by weight) _ Compressive strength after 2 days (N / mm ² ) 4% 20.8 5% 18.9 6% immeasurable

Unexpectedly, the quality of the technological-technical problems at the construction site by the use of a multi-component system can avoid and at the same time meet the high demands on the filler material by using a pre-prepared dry mix of required grinding and granulation measures. This is achieved by the fact that, after the grinding of clinker or metallurgical slag at the factory, impurities for the fine cement-binder mixture according to the invention are required for a specific application, and the auxiliary materials and auxiliary materials are used water according to a predetermined amount of water-binding agents. This is possible by using powdered excipients with, for example, fine grinding and granulation of fine flour, since these excipients and adjuvants, when mixed with the dry mixture, acquire good dispersion and activity with water. The defined dispersibility or water solubility and reactivity of these redispersible dry components provides direct efficacy of these materials with the water being mixed. It is unexpected that not only different amounts of additives, but also very different grinding granulations and granulations, especially within the given d95 and d50 limits or ratios, produce correspondingly different effects, as has previously been attempted to interpret in individual barrels, established mixing consistency and demineralized water. effects. The additional means, within the required fines, react unexpectedly in such a way that the fines and granulation of the mill can be considered as a parameter of the assigned properties.

The present invention requires milling, screening, dosing, and mixing equipment for the preparation of dry mixes, which ensures the production of a stable mixture of fine cement binder materials. The process according to the invention is characterized in that the individual components are prepared completely separately to the required granulation and granulation. This is followed by homogenization using a well-controlled dosing and mixing device to produce a dry chemical-mineralogical mixture.

The pre-prepared dry mixes (factory dry mixes) according to the invention are characterized in that they mix with water to obtain a stable mixing of low and medium viscosity cement suspensions, which due to the chemical and mineralogical composition of the dry mixes and after mixing with water during their service life, they have particularly good application properties and, as mineral systems, are suitable for all types of impregnation and injection. In addition, this dry mix composition allows for relatively higher compressive strength even after the application time of the slurry, making this type of cement slurry suitable for statically effective (force-bonding) applications and, in particular, regardless of the moisture content of the injected component.

Due to the relatively high water absorption of fine cement, the hardening results in a clear shrinkage, which until now could only be partially and uncontrolled compensated by the use of additional materials (concrete) or additional means (swelling agents). Although the shrinkage of the factory dry mixes described above according to the invention is controlled because, under the factory conditions, the fine cement-admixture contains additional substances and controlled effects, but the drawbacks, especially the decrease in adhesion, cannot be compensated. Known mixtures prepared according to the state of the art have shown that the degree of shrinkage of the hardened filler material is particularly variable, and therefore its mechanical and technological properties are not guaranteed. By the use of special auxiliary devices in the manufacture of the fine cement-binder mixture according to the invention, it is possible to achieve, according to shrinkage, the required tailored swelling. The swelling effect or volume increase can be controlled or predicted by preventing the bonding system from the rock (for example, rock) or by preventing the adhesion of concrete and filler material. At the same time, swelling improves the filling of voids and the tightness of the connected system.

There are many known so-called swelling elements, which are based on the composition of conventional and fine and common components of swelling. Many years of practical experience with these swelling cements have shown that some quality assurance of swelling cements can be achieved by the use of etringite swelling components, and that known swelling cements consist of commercially available Portland cements with aluminosulfate components. The properties of these known lifting cements depend on the chemical-mineralogical composition and the quantitative ratio of the components as well as technological factors such as consistency and storage and other similar conditions. Despite extensive experience in the practical use of these known swelling cements, there are serious problems with the directional control of the structure formation process of the resulting hardening material. In known swelling cements, the controlled weight factor is usually the weight ratio of the Portland cement to the swelling components and the chemical activity of the swelling components. It has been found within the scope of the invention that, in factory dry mixtures, swelling can be accurately controlled not only by varying amounts of additives but also by known reactive etringite-forming swelling components, and that the reactivity of swelling components can be varied by varying granulation and fineness. Further, according to the invention, the curing rate of the matrix of the binder mixture and the rate of formation of the etringites of the swelling components depend on each other. For example, using a swelling component in an aluminate sulphate base, particularly consisting of calcium aluminate and calcium sulphate, the granulation and grinding of which are within the grinding granulation and granulation of the fine cement-binder mixture mentioned above. The grinding granulation and granulation parameters allow the swelling to be reproducibly adjusted so that the fine cement-admixture meets the technical requirements for use.

Unexpectedly, the swelling components that make up the etringite produce a synergistic effect that increases the sedimentation stability of the cement suspension.

The swelling control of the present invention utilizing clinker flour with a low content of calcium aluminate and calcium ferrite is particularly effective.

According to the invention, the swelling components of factory dry mixes are calculated with respect to the fine cement-binder-free swelling components. In addition, fine cement is a cohesive mixture of materials without swelling components in a proportion of 50 to 95% by weight, usually 70 to 90% by weight, and granulation with d95 <24 μιτι, usually d95 <16 μηη and d50 <7 μιτι, usually d50 <5 μιτι and usually d50 to d95 = 0.33 ± 0.04 is mixed with swelling components, for example, in an aluminum sulphate base, usually calcium aluminate and calcium sulphate, in a proportion of from 5 to 50% by weight, usually from 10 to 30% by weight, usually lesser or less granular and granular, and the homogenized total mixture has a grammation d95 <24 μιτι, usually d95 <16 μιτι and d50 <7 μιτι, usually d50 <5 μιτι, and a ratio d50 with d95 = 0.33 ± 0, 04

In order to determine the different swelling effects of the cementitious binder mixture according to the invention, the bonded material mixture is initially divided into portions and then the fastening rate of the portions is determined. In addition, the swelling components are sorted in batches according to the different grinding granulations and granulations assigned and then the etringite formation rate is determined in batches. Based on the determined rates of hardening and etringite formation, a mixture of swelling size is formed and its production is then determined.

The invention is further explained in the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a plant for the production of factory dry mixtures;

Fig. 2 is a graph of the effect of the addition of flow mixtures;

Fig. 3 - granulation diagram;

Fig.4 is a graph of the reaction rate of the fine cement-binder mixture and the swelling component;

Fig. 5 is a granulation diagram of a fine cement-binder mixture and a swelling component.

The device comprises a mill 1, conveyors 1a, 1b, hopper 2, 3, 4, conveyor devices 2a, 3a, 4a, 2b, 3b, 4b, air separator 5, conveyor device 5a, hopper 7, 8, 9, conveyor devices 7a , 8a, 9a, 7b, 8b, 9b, small hopper 10, 11, 12, conveyor 10b, 11b, 12b, scales 13, conveyor 13b, agitator 14, conveyor 14b, storage hopper 15, conveyor - 15b, Pre-weighing scales 16, Car hopper 17, Intermediate hopper 18,19, Transport device 18a, 19a, Transport device 20.

The present invention provides for the first time a single form of dry factory blend adapted for use on a construction site to be mixed with the required amount of water. Mixing errors are no longer possible during the dosing of the ingredients to produce a fine cement-binder mixture. Mixing with water is done in high capacity mixers. Extremely fine dry additives may begin to intensify immediately when mixed. Dry factory blends of the same composition and quality can be produced frequently. This is done by clarifying that overheads cannot be milled with cement clinker, that overheads generally need to have the same or greater granularity and defined granulation, and that overheads operate within this fine intensity with relatively small amounts of additives (see Figure 2). and differences in granulation and fineness indicate significant differences in the effect sought. The amounts of supplemental agents are usually 2 to 5% by weight (excluding swelling components).

Fine cement is usually obtained by co-grinding Portland cement clinker and at least one sulphate carrier, and only a small amount of fine cement is extracted from the cement mill. Then, air separation separates the parts corresponding to the size of d95. According to the invention, this method of preparation is the main reason for the different quality of the cement suspension in different supplies. Unbeknownst to the reasons, attempts were made to eliminate this defect by delivering the materials in barrels and establishing a special mixing consistency, but this did not produce a satisfactory result. Only separate fine grinding of cement clinker into fine clinker flour and metallurgical slag into fine metallurgical slag flour, if the fine cement-binder mixture contains metallic slag flour as well as the use of starting materials and additives, in particular the same granulation and granulation, and separate storage of all the components in a fine cement-binder mixture to form a mixture allows accurate dosing of the components and, after homogenization, provides the required quality of filler or cement suspension and hardened product. It is important in the invention that the dry supplementary agents used in the fine cement-binder mixture fines and granulations or the fine cement-binder aggregates together have the required granulations and granules, and that the auxiliary means may be coarser, but can thus be incorporated into the granulation. so that the binder mixture has the required granulation size. If the additional means of granulation and granulation are not provided, they shall be produced separately. Because the additional measures are of different granularity and granulation, they must be chosen accordingly. It is not unexpected that additional measures, especially in the form of fine grinding, have a particular reaction with the fine grinding binder mixture and can provide the desired quality of injection, provided that the fine cement-bonded mixture is of defined quality, that is, its constituents and in terms of their fineness and granulation. This could not be achieved by normal milling of normal cement for milling, since the composition of the milking products, as found in the invention, fluctuates, which can probably be explained by layering during the milking process. For example, certain minerals, such as sulphates, are released uncontrollably into milking products.

The device depicted in Fig. 1 is capable of producing fine cement, a binder mixture. The mill 1 is fed by a conveyor 1a to a pure Portland cement clinker and the mill 1 is pulverized into pre-mill clinker flour. The pre-milled clinker flour is fed to the hopper 2 by means of conveying means 18, 2a and the granulated metallurgical slag fed to the same cleaned mill 1 by the conveying device 1a is milled into the flour of the pre-milling metallurgical slag fed to the hopper 3. From the conveying device 18 the milling product may be fed by a conveying device 18a to a cement manufacturing plant, e.g. The hopper 4 holds the finely ground concrete which enters it by means of the conveying device 4a. Bunkers 2, 3, 4 are pulled by conveyors 2b, 3b and 4b and sorted by air separator 5, and the same air separator 5 is used sequentially or separately (not shown in the drawing) to separate the air separator when needed. Also, a separate mill can be used for metallurgical slag to produce flour from pre-mill metallurgical slag. The number of mills is determined by the desired capacity of the unit.

When sifted in an air separator 5, the product is separated by a set milling and granulation fan 6 through a conveying device 5a as needed into the conveying devices 7a, 8a, 9a and thence into small product storage bins 7, 8 or 9. For example, clinker flour, bunker 8 - fine metallurgical slag flour, and bunker 9 - fixed milling granulation and granulation concrete.

The coarse material from the air separator 5 is fed by means of conveying devices 5b and 18a or 19a into an intermediate hopper 18, such as clinker flour and an intermediate hopper 19 for metallurgical slag flour, and then from the conveyor device 1b to the conveyor device 1a to the mill 1 In the case of concrete, the coarse constituents are removed or recycled by the conveyor 20. Next to the small product bunkers 7, 8 and 9 are other small product bins for overhead, such as the small product bins 10, 11 and 12, which hold the necessary granulation and granulation aids.

From the hoppers 7 to 12, small products are conveyed by means of a conveyor means 7b, 8b, 9b, 10b, 11b, 12b to a scales 13 via a metering device (not shown) and from the scales to a mixer 14, e.g. a blender in which the fine products are homogenized into a factory dry blend. The finished factory dry mixture can then be bagged or fed into a storage hopper 15b by a conveyor 14b, from where the conveyor 15b can be fed into a car hopper.

Addition of additional means for facilitating homogenization may be carried out in steps where, for example, at least two additional means, for example, are loaded from the hopper 11 and 12 into the pre-weighing scales 16 and then fed to the main scales 13. It may also be appropriate to fit each hopper pre-weighing scales 16 as shown in hopper 10.

According to the process of the invention, the cement clinker is milled in a mill 1 without additives, in particular sulfate carriers. Thus, pre-milled flour and fine flour do not contain any particularly sulfated components. Portland cement clinker milling is also carried out without the addition of sulphate in fine cement, a binder mixture with or without swelling components, and is added to the blend by adjustment, stored in one of the bunkers, e.g. A swelling component consisting of two materials.

It is also used in one of the bunkers, stored separately, affecting the reaction of the fine clinker flour, a sulfate carrier which is usually added already when the clinker is milled.

The device according to the invention for the production of a factory dry mixture will, of course, also have more bins which may or may contain components or components of the factory dry mixture.

The unit can prepare factory dry mixes with the required pre-set amount of ingredients, pre-set grain size and granulation, so that the effect of the ingredients on the suspension can be purposefully controlled. As a result, the volatile quality of the filler material is completely impossible.

Figure 3 shows the granulation curves. The curves KV1 and KV2 show, for example, granulation of a fine cement-binder mixture. The curves KV4 to KV6 are outside the required grain size and granulation of the fine cement-binder mixture. However, within the scope of the invention, additional means, in particular swelling components, can be used in accordance with curves KV4 to KV6, provided that the final product, namely the finished factory dry mixture, is within the range of curves KV1 to KV3. In this way, for example, a coarser amount of auxiliary agent under the curve KV6 may be added to displace the fine cement-binder mixture having the granulation of the curve KV1 into the curve.

KV3 granulation limits. In particular, this option can be used for the production of targeted defined or reproducible adhesive binder mixtures, which can be extremely effective in resizing swelling.

Fig. 4 illustrates, for example, the time or rate of etringite formation and the course of hardening of the swelling fine cement-binder mixture as defined by the invention. Additive-based formation of the ethereal swelling components (curve 1), which causes swelling of the curing suspension, thus depends on the curing process of the fine cement-binder mixture as it coincides with the curing process while the cohesive matrix is still softly pushed , ie fresh concrete is still sufficiently elastic and plastic for deformation.

The size of the swelling according to the invention can be purposefully controlled both by the amount of additives in the swelling components and by the fineness and granulation of the swelling components. The following examples explain this relationship in more detail.

Example 1

Figure 5 shows granulation of a fine cement-binder mixture without swelling components and swelling component. Table 2 shows the granulation characteristics of an exemplary fine cement - binder mixture without swelling components and swelling component.

Table 2

Granulation rates of the selected fine cement-binder mixture without swelling components and swelling component

Indicator Fine cement - a binder mixture of materials without swelling components Swelling component spec. surface 8.000cm ² / g 10,000 cm ² / g d50 4.5 μιτι 2.5 μιτι d95 14 μιτι 7.5 μιτι d50 / d95 0.32 0.33

The influence of the ratio of the fine cement - binder mixture without the swelling component to the swelling component on the swelling amount of the fine cement - binder mixture is shown in Table 3.

Table 3

Influence of component weights on swelling size of fine cement - binder mixture

For component A share (% by weight) 90 80 70 For component B share (% by weight) 10th 20th 30th Expansion (mm / m) 0 0.126 0.406

Component A: Fine cement - binder mixture without collection components (specific surface area 8000 cm ² / g)

Component B: Swelling component (specific surface area 10,000 cm ² / g)

It can be seen from Table 3 that, when the fines of component A and component B are pre-set, the swelling amount of the filler material can be adjusted by the mixing ratio of the components.

Example 2

The following example illustrates the effect of the size of the swelling components on the swelling size of the fine cement-binder mixture. To determine the effect of the size of the swelling components on the swelling size of the fine cement-binder mixture, the fine size of the fine cement-binder mixture without swelling components (component A) is asked and varied with the fine size of the swelling component (component B). Mixing ratio of both components: component A / component B = 70/30.

The granulation of both components is given in Table 3. In the next Table 4, the granulation abbreviations (KV) for both components are the same as in Figure 3.

Table 4

Specification of the components of a fine cementitious binder mixture selected according to the invention

Component Indicators Component A (fine cement a binder mixture of materials without swelling components) Component B (swelling components) Specific surface area (cm ² / g) 8,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 Granulation (according to Fig. 3) KV3 KV 4 KV 3 KV 2 Share (% by weight) 70 30 30 30

Table 5 below shows the effect of the fineness of the swelling components on the swelling size.

Table 5

The Influence of Swelling Components on the Swelling Size of Fine Cement Adhesive Mixture according to the Invention

Component A KV 3 (8,000 cm ² / g) KV 3 (8,000 cm ² / g) KV 3 (8,000 cm ² / g) Component B KV 4 (6,000 cm ² / g) KV 3 (8,000 cm ² / g) KV 2 (10,000 cm ² / g) The mixture ratio (A: B) 70:30 70:30 70:30 Expansion (mm / m) 3.98 2.13 0.406

The example shows that by combining the fine size of the fine cement-binder mixture without the swelling components and the swelling components, the size of the fine cement-binder mixture swelling can be controlled. The size of the swelling of the fine cement-binder mixture decreases with increasing size of the swelling components. In this way, the size of the swelling of the fine cement-binder mixture, in particular, by the smallness of the components, can be controlled so as to produce rolling and non-swellable fine cement-binder mixtures, i.e. in the latter case, non-expandable binder mixtures. The use of non-permeable mixes, for example, is required when the use of an inflatable filler material may result in damage to the injected structural structure due to the pressure exerted on the infeed.

The swelling components consist, as already mentioned, of calcium aluminate and calcium sulfate. These components are individually milled to the required different granulations and granulations, which determines the rate of etringite formation. The weight ratio of calcium aluminate to calcium sulfate is calculated from the stoichiometric ratio required for complete etringite formation. Similarly, a fine cement-admixture is formed with a predetermined difference in grain size and granulation, followed by a curing process. The combination of curing and etringite formation rates is then matched to the required swelling size.

In this way, this production dry mix is produced by the inventive devices and delivered to the construction site.

The determination of the reaction sequence of both fine clinker flour, fine metallurgical slag flour or a mixture thereof, and of auxiliaries, in particular swelling components, enables these devices to respond fully and at no cost to different application specific requirements by producing or using more bunkers per component with different requirements. or granulation, or each time it is possible to adjust the mill assembly and air separator accordingly. Because of the dosing mechanisms fitted to the hoppers, this can be accomplished by controlling not only the dosage amounts, but also the finely-tuned granules for the production of factory dry mixtures for the production of elemental slurry or cemented slurry hardened product with different defined and reproducible properties, particularly with respect to swelling. granulation. This is especially convenient for the user. Mixture control is a factory-manufacturer, where control can be done competently and simply.

For the fine cement - binder mixture according to the invention, aluminum sulphate, aluminate cement plus gypsum, calcium aluminate plus gypsum, aluminum powder plus, as a stimulant, an aluminate component plus gypsum are commonly used.

Claims (37)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1.Small cement means a cohesive mixture of substances from which a cement slurry is prepared to be filled and / or pressurized, such as porous rock voids and voids or cracks and voids in rock or concrete structures, or similar structures consisting of prepared and hardening of a mixture with water, consisting of fine clinker flour or fine metallurgical slag flour or mixture thereof, and of auxiliary materials, such as concrete, slag, high dispersible silica or similar known auxiliary materials, and of auxiliary means as fluidizing agents retarder, hardener accelerator, water accumulator or similar means, characterized in that the homogenized dry mixture has a granularity, d95 <24 μιτι and d50 <7 μιτι, of constant granularity. 2.The fine cement is a cohesive material mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieve has a bulk density of d95 <16 μιτι and d50 <5 μιτι. 3.The fine cement is a cohesive material mixture according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that the ratio of the size of the sieved bulk d50 to d95 = 0.33 ± 0.04. 4.Cemented cement is a binder mixture according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it contains from 5 to 95% by weight of fine metallurgical slag flour, depending on the amount of fine clinker flour. 5. Fine cement is a binder mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it contains a stimulant for fine slag flour with a better or the same grinding granulation and granulation as for fine metallurgical slag flour. 6.The fine cement is a cohesive material mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the powdery fluid is a condensate of naphthalene sulphate formaldehyde. 7. Fine cement is a binder mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the additional means, other than swelling components, are present in an amount of from 2 to 5% by weight. 8.Cemented cement - a binder mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it has erythritious swelling components which, during the setting of the fine cement-binder mixture after filling or insertion pressure, when the fine cement-binder mixture the matrix is still soft enough for displacement, increasing volume. 9. Fine cement is a binder mixture according to claim 8, wherein the swelling components are calcium aluminate and calcium sulfate. 10. Fine cement is a binder mixture according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the fine clinker flour is free from calcium aluminate and calcium ferrite. 11. "Fine cement" means a binder mixture according to one or more of Claims 8 to 10, wherein the swelling component contains from 5 to 50% by weight relative to a mixture without swelling components. 12. Fine cement - a binder mixture according to claim 11, characterized in that the swelling components contain from 10 to 30% by weight. 13. A process for the preparation of a fine cement-binder mixture according to claims 1 to 12, wherein the components are crushed and mixed, characterized in that all the components, such as fine clinker flour, fine metallurgical slag flour, auxiliary materials and auxiliary materials separates several points 1 to 3 of granulation and granulation, separately in the storage hoppers, from predetermined components from the storage hoppers by dosing and loading them into a mixer, where they are mixed into the factory dry mix. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the factory dry mixture is fed into a final storage hopper and then immediately bagged or in a vehicle hopper. 15. A process according to claim 13 and / or 14, wherein the Portland cement clinker is milled in the cement mill to the initial clinker flour and then sieved the initial clinker flour to obtain fine clinker flour of defined fines and granulation and to hold the fine clinker flour. . 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the metallurgical slag granulate is milled in a cement mill to the initial metallurgical slag flour and time, and then the initial slag flour is screened to obtain fine metallurgical slag flour with a defined granulation and narrow gradation granulation and time. 17. A method according to claim 15 and / or 16, characterized in that it also holds the remaining coarse sieving products. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein said coarse sieving products are added in a dosage form. 19. Buddha according to one or more of Claims 13 to 18, characterized in that additional means are ground prior to storage. 20. A process according to one or more of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that the admixture is a bit coarser and has a slightly wider gradation granulation. 21. A process as claimed in one or more of claims 13 to 20, wherein the swelling component of the slurry is mixed with the etringite-containing swelling component in a quantity of from 5 to 50% by weight of the mixture without swelling components to obtain a curing product. 22. The composition of claim 21, wherein the swelling components are mixed in an amount of 10 to 30% by weight. 23. A process according to claims 21 and / or 22, characterized in that it comprises the use of swelling components having the granulation and granulation requirements of one or more of claims 1-3. 24. The method of claims 21 and / or 22, further comprising mixing the granulation swelling components of a coarser granularity and a higher gradation relative to the data of one or more of claims 1 to 3. 25. The method according to one or more of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that it uses calcium aluminate and calcium sulfate as swelling components. 26. A method according to one or more of Claims 21 to 25, characterized in that the Portland cement clinker is milled without a sulfate additive. Process according to one or more of Claims 21 to 26, characterized in that the reducible volume increase of the curing product is found by separately determining the rate of solidification of the matrix of the binder and the rate of etringite formation and then forming an optimal homogeneous mixture of the components. 28. A process as claimed in one or more of claims 21 to 27, characterized in that the swelling components are milled separately and treated with different fines and homogenization. 29. A process according to one or more of claims 13 to 28, characterized in that it separately holds at least one component of the factory dry mix of different granulations and granulations. 30. A method as claimed in one or more of claims 13 to 29, characterized in that crushing and mixing devices are provided in which each storage component of the factory dry mix is provided with a storage hopper (7-12) which is connected to the metering device, if necessary. hopper connected mixer (14). 31. A device according to claim 30, characterized in that the mixer (14) is additionally equipped with scales (13). 32. Apparatus according to claim 30 and / or 31, characterized in that the mixer (14) is a high-throughput, such as a blade mixer. Device according to one or more of Claims 30 to 32, characterized in that at least one component is provided with at least two storage tanks, such as hoppers. Apparatus according to one or more of claims 30 to 33, characterized in that the mixer (14) is fitted with a hopper (15). Device according to one or more of Claims 30 to 34, characterized in that it comprises a cement mill (1), a storage hopper (2) and an air separator (5) for the production of fine clinker flour, furthermore connected to a cement mill (1). ) the loading side with the loading side of the storage hopper (2) and the loading side with the loading side of the air separator (5) as well as the loading side of the air separator (5) with the loading side of the fine clinker flour hopper (8). 36. An apparatus according to claim 35, characterized in that it comprises a cement mill (1), a storage hopper (3) and an air separator (5) for obtaining metallurgical slag flour, in addition to which the unloading side of the cement mill (1) the loading side of the hopper (3) and the loading side of the storage hopper (3) with the loading side of the air separator (5) as well as the loading side of the air separator (5) with the loading side of the fine metallurgical slag flour hopper (7). Apparatus according to claim 35 and / or 36, characterized in that the unloading side of the air separator (5) is connected to the loading side of the hopper (18,19) by means of a conveying device, furthermore the unloading side of the hopper and / or hopper (18,19). conveyor connected to cement mill (1).