FI108912B - Method of forest regeneration and equipment used in the method - Google Patents

Description

108912

FOREST RENEWAL METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR APPLYING THE METHOD

The invention relates to a method for reforestation, wherein after the regeneration felling method, the logging residues are collected from the forest by a forestry machine. The invention further relates to an apparatus for applying a method comprising means for collecting logging residues.

ίο in the regeneration search most of the trees are felled there. Nowadays this is usually done in the so-called. with multifunctional machines that cut down trees, prun them and cut them to the right length. The logs are collected separately by the road, where they are lifted into a transport vehicle and transported away. In felling, logging residues are formed, which include tree branches and canopies, as well as any other wood material.

In the next phase of reforestation, logging residues may be collected from the forest area. It is also possible to chop logging residues on a forest plot and transfer the chips to and from the interim storage facility. After harvesting, the logging residues '' V 20 may be first stored on the roadside and may be ''; In some cases, chew on it. Alternatively, the logging residues may be removed, for example, for heat chipping or direct incineration; · Power plants. For harvesting, a work machine is used which is usually equipped with, for example, a grapple crane and has a bank or other pallet system on which the logging residues are collected from the forest and from which the logging residues can be transferred to one pile. In collecting logging residues' ·. · And one of the options available today is to transform the star into compact bales or bunches, which will make transportation and storage easier and more efficient.

/ 30 'After harvesting, the next step in reforestation is tillage. Tillage is done with a specially designed tillage machine. These machines are machines with different operating principles, 108912 2 but they are based on removing the topsoil at certain points, whereby the ground is harrowed or patched or rotted and the seedlings can be planted at these points. Earth editing is currently a separate phase of its own. Harvesting equipment and tillage equipment 5 are completely separate machines.

With the current harvesting technique, the same forest pattern has many different machines at different times. The more work machines that travel on the terrain, the more 10 tracks they leave on the terrain. In addition, arranging storage facilities for logging residues in roadside warehouses is often a problem. It has to be noted that the current methods have been developed mainly for large scale production and large scale use. Current methods do not take sufficient account of the forest owner's interests. Using current methods, harvesting the logging residues 15 fresh will cause nutrient migration from the stand patterns to a greater extent than if the chips are removed a little later. Another disadvantage is that the current methods do not allow the use of fresh chips and so-called "chips". simultaneous and optimized production of brown chips.

20 • · In recent years, there have been developments in the procurement systems for logging residues: ··: in addition to mechanization of logging, it is mainly about fine-tuning machine engineering solutions. Usually, we are satisfied only with the improvement of a certain part of the supply chain, but the system itself has not been modified. At present, 25 characteristics in the development of harvesting methods for logging residues are its articulation into the so-called "harvesting of logs". as a new species of timber. This means that there will be up to ...: six different forest machines between the same main felling site between regeneration felling and reforestation obligations.

30: '' ': It is an object of the invention to provide an alternative to existing systems. It is a further object of the invention to provide a method of combining harvesting and shaping of logging residues in a forest area as part of the planning of reforestation and reforestation. A further object of the invention is to disclose a low cost alternative to the current prevailing practice and to solve the problems of the current procurement system. It is also an object of the invention to provide an apparatus for applying a method which is more cost effective than the prior art.

The object of the invention is achieved by a method and apparatus characterized by what is stated in the claims.

In the method according to the invention, a forestry machine is used to harvest logging residues and to modify the soil in a single operation for reforestation. When these steps are done in one step, you save on total costs. It also has the advantage that after harvesting the logging land, there is no need to wait for the soil to be converted to Erik-15, but to get to the next stage of reforestation.

The method according to the invention makes it possible to develop a novel logging system. The basic premise of the renovation work is proper, suitable soil tillage. The Han-20 harness system combines the previous two separate work steps: into a single unit, which includes tillage and logging. This results in a lighter organization of work, the use of old operating models and the allocation of organizational costs to both phases of work. Thus, the method has 25 benefits for forest owners. A further advantage is that the transfer costs of the machines can be reduced and, in addition, the work done on the same object can be increased. The method according to the invention eliminates the current storage space problem * * »... because the separation of supply will solve this problem. In addition, the method enables so-called. brown chip 30 production and operations development. In addition, the method is also suitable for the production of green chips when required. A further advantage is that • · · 'i; the method minimizes nutrient transport from the site and,.

[| In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the logging residues are harvested and the soil is cultivated with the same forestry machine. This eliminates the need for separate machine tools for both log removal and tillage, which saves on machine costs. One machine and one person can do this in one felling logging and tillage at a time, so the method is faster and less expensive than previously known methods. Another advantage of 10 is that the forestry machine only needs to be moved once in the area. The same basic machine can be used to repair the logging residue first and then immediately re-cultivate the land for reforestation. It is also possible to perform these operations simultaneously.

In another embodiment of the invention, the logging residues are harvested by the first working machine and the soil is modified by the second forestry machine simultaneously. These steps are then performed simultaneously and the next step is reached without delay.

The apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the apparatus is: equipped with, in addition to the auxiliary equipment necessary for harvesting energy wood and logging residues, tillage equipment. Such a single piece of hardware | ' or a machine is less expensive to manufacture and operate than two: • separate machines. It is also possible to attach earthmoving equipment to the machine: · ·: 25 removable attachments! eg with quick locks, this machine • · · .2 can also be used for other purposes only. The same machine can then be used as a combination machine for t i> 'and logging residues, and when no tillage is needed, 1 · ·. ·: Disconnects the soil tillage equipment and uses the machine for other work.

: ·]: 30 / ": The structure of the forestry machine and its frame are utilized so that when,. * .: the tiller is attached to its frame, it forms part of the body of the · · tiller. The advantage is that the weight of such combination machine is reduced The payload of logging residue 5 1 089 1 2 is increased, which means that instead of a heavy basic machine, a medium heavy duty machine can be used, which is cheaper and lighter than a heavy forestry machine. removable and the machine can be used for other work such as harvesting thinning energy wood or thinning logging, etc. This increases the working potential of the machine compared to the previous one. The overall idea is to increase the payload by reducing the weight of the soil tillage equipment. a and, if necessary, using an expanding load.

The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a side view of an embodiment of an aircraft according to the invention, and Figure 2 is a rear view of the device of Figure 1.

In the solution shown in the figures, the machine / forestry machine comprises a frame 1, wheels 2, a crane 3 mounted on the frame, an active bank combination 4 mounted on the frame 20 and a tiller 5. The crane I 3 is mounted behind the cab 6 and bank 4 . The crane is equipped with a logging grapple. In this application, the tillage equipment is a harrow 5 which is mounted on both sides of the machine. The harrows 5 are attached to a rod-like fastening member 6 located in a hole formed in the crane base in a manner known per se. The harrows and attachment means 6 are fastened to the crane base by means of quick couplers, so that they can be easily detached from the implement and mounted on it. Different tillage equipment known per se, suitable for the purpose, can be used as tillage equipment. In other applications, tillage equipment! ' ·; can be attached to the machine in different ways.

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· »•» ·; . The placement of tillage equipment may vary between different applications of the invention.

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... so that the soil tillage equipment is directly on the front or rear of the control joint of the base machine 6 108912. Alternatively tillage equipment or the soil tillage equipment may also be located at the rear of the base machine. In addition, the type of basic machine may be different in different applications and the basic machine may also be of the rotary type, whereby the soil tillage equipment can also be placed on a lifting boom. as a replacement grapple or as a replacement device.

When using the machine shown in the pictures, the machine is driven in a forest area where trees have been felled and logs collected and 10 logging residues remain. An on-board crane and grapple attached to it collect the logging residue from the ground and lift the logging residue to the bank. As the machine is being transported or moved forward, the soil tillage equipment simultaneously shapes the soil at desired intervals. The machine shown in the pictures makes the soil cultivated and harvested at the same time.

The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments shown, but may vary within the scope of the inventive idea of the claims.

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Claims (5)

1. A forest rejuvenation process, in which a forest rejuvenation process is carried out in the forest and after the final harvest is collected from the forest harvesting waste 5 with the aid of a forestry machine (1), characterized in that, after the rejuvenation cutting, the landfill is harvested and a waste machine (1) is harvested. a single phase of forest rejuvenation. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the harvesting waste is harvested and the soil is processed with the same forestry machine. 3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the harvesting waste is harvested with a working machine and the soil is processed simultaneously with another working machine. A device system or a forestry machine for applying a method according to claim 1, in which device system is provided (3,4) for collecting | harvesting waste, characterized in that the device system is equipped with tools for tillage. An apparatus system according to claim 4, characterized in that the tillage tools are removably attached to the woodworking machine. * * «· • * · i * ·? I I