FI107828B - System för att rena avgaser från dieselmotorer och förfarande för att rena avgaser från dieselmotorer - Google Patents

System för att rena avgaser från dieselmotorer och förfarande för att rena avgaser från dieselmotorer Download PDF

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Publication number
FI107828B
FI107828B FI991133A FI991133A FI107828B FI 107828 B FI107828 B FI 107828B FI 991133 A FI991133 A FI 991133A FI 991133 A FI991133 A FI 991133A FI 107828 B FI107828 B FI 107828B
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Finland
Prior art keywords
catalyst
exhaust gases
cell
soot
cells
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FI991133A
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English (en)
Finnish (fi)
Other versions
FI991133A0 (sv
FI991133L (sv
Inventor
Reijo Lylykangas
Aulis Vakkilainen
Teuvo Maunula
Keijo Torkkell
Original Assignee
Kemira Metalkat Oy
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8554685&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=FI107828(B) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Kemira Metalkat Oy filed Critical Kemira Metalkat Oy
Priority to FI991133A priority Critical patent/FI107828B/sv
Publication of FI991133A0 publication Critical patent/FI991133A0/sv
Priority to EP00660072A priority patent/EP1057519B2/en
Priority to DE60035734T priority patent/DE60035734T3/de
Publication of FI991133L publication Critical patent/FI991133L/sv
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI107828B publication Critical patent/FI107828B/sv

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
    • B01D53/9454—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/04—Sulfur or sulfur oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Claims (16)

1. System för att rena avgaser fr an dieselmotorer, som är underhällsfritt och inne-fattar en främre katalysator (3; 7) med bikakestruktur och en bakre katalysator (5; 8) inrättad efter den främre katalysatom i avgasemas strömningsriktning, känneteck- 15 nat av att vardera bikakestrukturen (3, 5; 7, 8) innehaller ett katalysatormaterial som är aktivt beträffande selektiv reduktion av kväveoxider, uppkomst av N02 och oxidering av kolväten, kolos och väte, och att systemet dessutom uppvisar ett eller flera av följande drag, vilket/vilka ytterligare förbättrar forbränning av kolos och reduktion av kväveoxider: :-\20 (i) en förbikanal (4), med vilken en del av avgasema styrs förbi den främre kata- :'·*: lysatom tili den bakre katalysatom, (ii) antalet öppningar i den främre katalysatoms bikakestruktur (3; 7) är mindre än * / antalet öppningar i den bakre katalysatoms bikakestruktur (5; 8), • · · • · · (iii) ätminstone den ena bikakestrukturen innehaller en förening som binder sot 25 och/eller svaveloxider och/eller kväveoxider.
2. System enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att det innefattar en förbikanal *...: (4), med vilken en del av avgasema styrs förbi den främre katalysatom (3; 7) tili den » ; ; : bakre katalysatom (5; 8) och som regleras enligt kväveoxidema och mottrycket.
·«♦ * ♦·♦ • ♦ *···* 3. System enligt patentkrav 2, kännetecknat av att förbikopplingen av den främ- • :**:30 re katalysatom (3; 7) styrs och regleras med tillhjälp av en överströmningsventil och överströmning i förbikanalen i en turhin (2) i dieselmotom (1). • ·
4. System enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknat av att antalet öppningar i den främre katalysatoms bikakestruktur (3; 7) är 400 eller över 400 per 107828 18 kvadrattum (cpsi) och att antalet öppningar i den bakre katalysatoms bikakestruktur (5; 8) är under 400 eller 400 cpsi.
5. System enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknat av att nämnda förening som binder sot och/eller svaveloxider och/eller kväveoxider placerats som 5 ett skilt skikt separat eller tillsammans med ett bindemedel pä ytan av skiktet av ak-tivt katalysatormaterial.
6. System enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknat av att nämnda förening som binder sot och/eller svaveloxider och/eller kväveoxider innehäller Μη, Ce, Fe, V, La, Zr, Cr, alkalimetall, Cu, Ba, Sr och/eller Rh.
7. System enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknat av att nämnda förening som binder sot och/eller svaveloxider och/eller kväveoxider är närvarande tillsammans med aluminiumoxid, titanoxid, kiseloxid, zeolit eller en kombination av dessa.
8. System enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknat av att bikake-15 strukturema innefattar ett stödämne med stort ytinnehäll, pä vilket nämnda aktiva katalysatormaterial uppbärs.
. . 9. System enligt patentkrav 8, kännetecknat av att stödämnet innehäller alumini- • · ·* umoxid, titanoxid, kiseloxid och/eller zeolit.
• · · • · • · ·:··· 10. System enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknat av att det aktiva ....20 katalysatormaterialet är en ädelmetall, säsom platina, palladium, rodium eller en . ·: ·. blandning av dessa.
• · · • ·· : 11. System enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav l(i), l(iii), 2, 3 eller 5-10, kän netecknat av att antalet öppningar i den främre katalysatoms bikakestruktur är *:·*: mindre än antalet öppningar i den bakre katalysatoms bikabestruktur. • · · • · T 25
12. System enligt patentkrav 11, kännetecknat av att antalet öppningar i den ffärn- re katalysatoms bikakestruktur är 400 eller under 400 cpsi och att antalet öppningar '·] ]'/· i den bakre katalysatoms bikakestruktur är 400 eller över 400 cpsi.
‘ ' 13. Förfarande för att rena avgaser frän dieselmotorer, kännetecknat av att avga- • » sema styrs genom en främre katalysator med bikabestruktur och därefter genom en 30 bakre katalysator med bikakestruktur, varvid i vardera bikakestrukturen de i avga-sema ingaende kväveoxidema reduceras selektivt, N02 bildas och kolvätena, koloset 107828 19 och vätet oxideras, och att en del av avgasema styrs förbi den främre katalysatom till den bakre katalysatom.
14. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 13, kännetecknat av att 10-50 %, företrädesvis 20-30 % av avgasens totala volym styrs forbi den främre katalysatom. 5
15. Förfarande för att rena avgaser fran dieselmotorer, kännetecknat av att avga sema styrs genom en främre katalysator med bikabestruktur och därefter genom en bakre katalysator med bikakestruktur, varvid i vardera bikakestrukturen de i avgasema ingäende kväveoxidema reduceras selektivt, N02 bildas och kolvätena, koloset och vätet oxideras, och att antalet öppningar i bikabestrukturema valts sä att antalet 10 öppningar i den främre katalysatoms bikakestruktur är större än antalet öppningar i den bakre katalysatoms bikakestruktur, varvid sotförbränningen och reduktionen av kväveoxider sker med hög konversionsgrad.
16. Förfarande för att rena avgaser frän dieselmotorer, kännetecknat av att avgasema styrs genom en främre katalysator med bikakestruktur och därefter genom en 15 bakre katalysator med bikakestruktur, varvid i vardera bikakestrukturen de i avgasema ingäende kväveoxidema reduceras selektivt, N02 bildas och kolvätena, koloset och vätet oxideras, varvid atminstone den ena av katalysatorema innehäller en före-ning som binder sot och/eller svaveloxider och/eller kväveoxider och som främjar sotförbränningen. • · • · · • · · • · • · • · • ♦ • · · • · · • · · • · · • · · • · · • · ·1· • · • · · • · 1 • · · * · · · • · · • ♦ • · • · · · • · • · · * · ♦ • ·
FI991133A 1999-05-18 1999-05-18 System för att rena avgaser från dieselmotorer och förfarande för att rena avgaser från dieselmotorer FI107828B (sv)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI991133A FI107828B (sv) 1999-05-18 1999-05-18 System för att rena avgaser från dieselmotorer och förfarande för att rena avgaser från dieselmotorer
EP00660072A EP1057519B2 (en) 1999-05-18 2000-04-18 Purification system for diesel engine exhaust gases
DE60035734T DE60035734T3 (de) 1999-05-18 2000-04-18 Abgasreiningungssystem für einen Dieselmotor

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI991133A FI107828B (sv) 1999-05-18 1999-05-18 System för att rena avgaser från dieselmotorer och förfarande för att rena avgaser från dieselmotorer
FI991133 1999-05-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
FI991133A0 FI991133A0 (sv) 1999-05-18
FI991133L FI991133L (sv) 2000-11-19
FI107828B true FI107828B (sv) 2001-10-15

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FI991133A FI107828B (sv) 1999-05-18 1999-05-18 System för att rena avgaser från dieselmotorer och förfarande för att rena avgaser från dieselmotorer

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EP (1) EP1057519B2 (sv)
DE (1) DE60035734T3 (sv)
FI (1) FI107828B (sv)

Families Citing this family (53)

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KR101809040B1 (ko) 2009-04-17 2017-12-14 존슨 맛쎄이 퍼블릭 리미티드 컴파니 질소 산화물의 환원에 대한 희박/농후 노화에 대해 내구적인 소기공 분자 체 지지된 구리 촉매
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DE60035734D1 (de) 2007-09-13
EP1057519B1 (en) 2007-08-01
FI991133A0 (sv) 1999-05-18
EP1057519B2 (en) 2011-08-24
EP1057519A1 (en) 2000-12-06
FI991133L (sv) 2000-11-19
DE60035734T3 (de) 2012-03-22

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