ES8302939A1 - Perfeccionamientos en un sistema de transnision para la transmision de datos o informacion analogica digitalizada, desde un transmisor hasta un receptor. - Google Patents
Perfeccionamientos en un sistema de transnision para la transmision de datos o informacion analogica digitalizada, desde un transmisor hasta un receptor.Info
- Publication number
- ES8302939A1 ES8302939A1 ES507129A ES507129A ES8302939A1 ES 8302939 A1 ES8302939 A1 ES 8302939A1 ES 507129 A ES507129 A ES 507129A ES 507129 A ES507129 A ES 507129A ES 8302939 A1 ES8302939 A1 ES 8302939A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- data
- transmission system
- soft decision
- convolutional code
- code transmission
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0059—Convolutional codes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/37—Decoding methods or techniques, not specific to the particular type of coding provided for in groups H03M13/03 - H03M13/35
- H03M13/39—Sequence estimation, i.e. using statistical methods for the reconstruction of the original codes
- H03M13/41—Sequence estimation, i.e. using statistical methods for the reconstruction of the original codes using the Viterbi algorithm or Viterbi processors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
- H04L1/0054—Maximum-likelihood or sequential decoding, e.g. Viterbi, Fano, ZJ algorithms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/06—Dc level restoring means; Bias distortion correction ; Decision circuits providing symbol by symbol detection
- H04L25/067—Dc level restoring means; Bias distortion correction ; Decision circuits providing symbol by symbol detection providing soft decisions, i.e. decisions together with an estimate of reliability
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
- H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
- H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
- H04L27/3405—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power
- H04L27/3416—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual points belong, e.g. using coset coding, lattice coding, or related schemes
- H04L27/3427—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual points belong, e.g. using coset coding, lattice coding, or related schemes in which the constellation is the n - fold Cartesian product of a single underlying two-dimensional constellation
- H04L27/3433—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual points belong, e.g. using coset coding, lattice coding, or related schemes in which the constellation is the n - fold Cartesian product of a single underlying two-dimensional constellation using an underlying square constellation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
- H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
- H04L27/38—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
- H04L27/3845—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits using non - coherent demodulation, i.e. not using a phase synchronous carrier
- H04L27/3854—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits using non - coherent demodulation, i.e. not using a phase synchronous carrier using a non - coherent carrier, including systems with baseband correction for phase or frequency offset
- H04L27/3872—Compensation for phase rotation in the demodulated signal
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Probability & Statistics with Applications (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Reduction Or Emphasis Of Bandwidth Of Signals (AREA)
- Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
- Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
- Radio Transmission System (AREA)
- Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
Abstract
PERFECCIONAMIENTO EN UN SISTEMA DE TRANSMISION PARA LA TRANSMISION DE DATOS O INFORMACION ANALOGICA DIGITALIZADA, DESDE UN TRANSMISOR HASTA UN RECEPTOR. SE CARACTERIZA PORQUE CADA SISTEMA INCLUYE UN TRANSMISOR QUE CONTIENE UN CODIFICADOR CONVOLUCIONAL Y UN DISPOSITIVO DE REPRESENTACION "CARTOGRAFICA" DE LA SEÑAL CONECTADO AL MISMO, PARA PRODUCIR UNA SEÑAL DE SALIDA CODIFICADA BIDIMENSIONAL, QUE INCLUYE UN RECEPTOR QUE CONTIENE UN DECODIFICADOR CONVOLUCIONAL CON DECODIFICACION DE DECISION "BLANDA", CONECTADO A UN DISPOSITIVO DE REPRESENTACION "CARTOGRAFICA" INVERSA PARA PRODUCIR DATOS DE SALIDA. EL DATO SE TRANSMITE A N/(N+1) DE LA TASA DEL DATO QUE LLEVA AL TRANSMISOR CUANDO NO SE UTILIZA EL SISTEMA DE CODIFICACION DEDULANTE.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8036705 | 1980-11-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ES507129A0 ES507129A0 (es) | 1982-12-01 |
ES8302939A1 true ES8302939A1 (es) | 1982-12-01 |
Family
ID=10517323
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES507129A Expired ES8302939A1 (es) | 1980-11-14 | 1981-11-13 | Perfeccionamientos en un sistema de transnision para la transmision de datos o informacion analogica digitalizada, desde un transmisor hasta un receptor. |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4493082A (es) |
EP (1) | EP0052463B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JPS57150249A (es) |
AT (1) | ATE14961T1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU545194B2 (es) |
CA (1) | CA1225743A (es) |
DE (1) | DE3171834D1 (es) |
DK (1) | DK503781A (es) |
ES (1) | ES8302939A1 (es) |
GB (1) | GB2088676B (es) |
IE (1) | IE52428B1 (es) |
NO (1) | NO159228C (es) |
NZ (1) | NZ198844A (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA817711B (es) |
Families Citing this family (76)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4654854A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1987-03-31 | Stanford Telecommunications, Inc. | Method and apparatus for decoding threshold-decodable forward-error correcting codes |
US4562426A (en) * | 1982-11-08 | 1985-12-31 | Codex Corporation | Symbol coding apparatus |
JPS59112748A (ja) * | 1982-12-06 | 1984-06-29 | Fujitsu Ltd | デ−タ送受信システム |
US4597090A (en) * | 1983-04-14 | 1986-06-24 | Codex Corporation | Block coded modulation system |
GB8315363D0 (en) * | 1983-06-03 | 1983-07-06 | Gordon J A | Decoding errorcorrecting codes |
US4601044A (en) * | 1983-11-04 | 1986-07-15 | Racal Data Communications Inc. | Carrier-phase adjustment using absolute phase detector |
US4700349A (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1987-10-13 | Codex Corporation | Coded modulation system |
US4755998A (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1988-07-05 | Codex Corporation | Coded modulation system |
US4586182A (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1986-04-29 | Codex Corporation | Source coded modulation system |
JPS60173930A (ja) * | 1984-02-20 | 1985-09-07 | Fujitsu Ltd | パイプライン処理ビタビ復号器 |
WO1986000185A1 (en) * | 1984-06-09 | 1986-01-03 | Devon County Council | Data communication method and appartus |
US4581601A (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1986-04-08 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Multi-dimensional coding for error reduction |
US4622670A (en) * | 1984-12-10 | 1986-11-11 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Error-correction coding for multilevel transmission system |
US4713817A (en) * | 1985-04-25 | 1987-12-15 | Codex Corporation | Multidimensional, convolutionally coded communication systems |
US4641327A (en) * | 1985-07-09 | 1987-02-03 | Codex Corporation | Frame synchronization in trellis-coded communication systems |
US4660214A (en) * | 1985-08-01 | 1987-04-21 | Infinet, Inc. | QANI Trellis-coded signal structure |
US4868830A (en) * | 1985-09-27 | 1989-09-19 | California Institute Of Technology | Method and apparatus for implementing a traceback maximum-likelihood decoder in a hypercube network |
US4730322A (en) * | 1985-09-27 | 1988-03-08 | California Institute Of Technology | Method and apparatus for implementing a maximum-likelihood decoder in a hypercube network |
DE3600905A1 (de) * | 1986-01-15 | 1987-07-16 | Ant Nachrichtentech | Verfahren zum dekodieren von binaersignalen sowie viterbi-dekoder und anwendungen |
JPH07114379B2 (ja) * | 1986-03-19 | 1995-12-06 | 富士通株式会社 | 軟判定方式 |
US4736389A (en) * | 1986-08-04 | 1988-04-05 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company | Technique for synthesizing the modulation of a time varying waveform with a data signal |
US4831635A (en) * | 1986-10-02 | 1989-05-16 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company | Trellis codes with spectral nulls |
US5115438A (en) * | 1988-08-04 | 1992-05-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for redundancy-saving, error-correcting coding in digital radio link systems having multi-level modulation |
US5029185A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-07-02 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Coded modulation for mobile radio |
US5208816A (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1993-05-04 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Generalized viterbi decoding algorithms |
CA2020899C (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1995-09-05 | Nambirajan Seshadri | Generalized viterbi decoding algorithms |
SE465697B (sv) * | 1989-09-19 | 1991-10-14 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Saett att i ett digitalt radiooeverfoeringssystem foer oeverfoering av signaler mellan en saendande och en mottagande radiostation alstra godhetstal foer hos den mottagande radiostationen erhaallna binaera siffror |
JPH0626346B2 (ja) * | 1990-04-26 | 1994-04-06 | 郵政省通信総合研究所長 | 畳込み符号化直交fm・ビタビ受信方式 |
US5048056A (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1991-09-10 | General Datacomm, Inc. | Method and apparatus for mapping an eight dimensional constellation of a convolutionally coded communication system |
US5113412A (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1992-05-12 | General Datacomm, Inc. | Method and apparatus for mapping an eight dimensional constellation of a convolutionally coded communication system |
US5113400A (en) * | 1990-11-21 | 1992-05-12 | Motorola, Inc. | Error detection system |
US5319649A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-06-07 | Comstream Corporation | Transmission systems and decoders therefor |
US5491705A (en) * | 1992-06-18 | 1996-02-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | De bruijn graph based VLSI viterbi decoder |
DE4224214C2 (de) * | 1992-07-22 | 1995-02-09 | Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt | Verfahren zur quellengesteuerten Kanaldecodierung durch Erweiterung des Viterbi-Algorithmus |
JP2768169B2 (ja) * | 1992-09-22 | 1998-06-25 | 日本電気株式会社 | データ伝送方式 |
JP2845705B2 (ja) * | 1993-01-14 | 1999-01-13 | 日本電気株式会社 | 多レベル符号化変調通信装置 |
DE4308094A1 (de) * | 1993-03-13 | 1994-09-15 | Grundig Emv | System zur Übertragung und Vorrichtung zum Empfang von digitalen Fernsehsignalen |
US5995539A (en) | 1993-03-17 | 1999-11-30 | Miller; William J. | Method and apparatus for signal transmission and reception |
US5367516A (en) * | 1993-03-17 | 1994-11-22 | Miller William J | Method and apparatus for signal transmission and reception |
EP0620668B1 (en) * | 1993-04-15 | 2000-06-07 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Removal of plus/minus 90 and 180 phase errors in QAM receivers |
DE9312095U1 (de) * | 1993-08-13 | 1993-10-28 | Rheinauer Maschinen und Armaturenbau Faulhaber & Truttenbach KG, 77866 Rheinau | Absperreinrichtung für eine gasführende Leitung |
US5465275A (en) * | 1993-11-16 | 1995-11-07 | At&T Ipm Corp. | Efficient utilization of present state/next state registers |
US5513220A (en) * | 1993-11-16 | 1996-04-30 | At&T Corp. | Digital receiver with minimum cost index register |
EP0656712A1 (en) * | 1993-11-16 | 1995-06-07 | AT&T Corp. | Viterbi equaliser using variable length tracebacks |
US5490178A (en) * | 1993-11-16 | 1996-02-06 | At&T Corp. | Power and time saving initial tracebacks |
US5533065A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-07-02 | At&T Corp. | Decreasing length tracebacks |
US5550870A (en) * | 1994-03-02 | 1996-08-27 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Viterbi processor |
US5471500A (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1995-11-28 | At&T Ipm Corp. | Soft symbol decoding |
US5508752A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1996-04-16 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Partial response trellis decoder for high definition television (HDTV) system |
KR0129577B1 (ko) * | 1994-04-30 | 1998-04-10 | 배순훈 | 32-직각진폭변조방식을 이용하는 영상수신시스템에서 개선된 메트릭 계산방법 |
US5619514A (en) * | 1994-12-29 | 1997-04-08 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | In-place present state/next state registers |
CA2147087A1 (en) * | 1995-04-13 | 1996-10-14 | Guy Begin | Method and apparatus for correcting and decoding a sequence of branches representing encoded data bits into estimated information bits |
KR100265674B1 (ko) * | 1995-06-07 | 2000-09-15 | 데니스 피셸 | 인코드된 데이타 스트림에 대한 에러 검출 및 정정시스템 |
US5740203A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1998-04-14 | Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. | Trellis demapper of a convolutional decoder for decoding pragmatic trellis codes suitable for use in a multi-channel receiver of satellite, terrestrial and cable transmitted FEC compressed-digital television data |
JP3674111B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-25 | 2005-07-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | データ伝送装置 |
FR2742611B1 (fr) | 1995-12-19 | 1998-01-16 | Alcatel Telspace | Systeme de codage/decodage utilisant la modulation maq-16 codee en blocs a multiniveaux |
US5844947A (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 1998-12-01 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Viterbi decoder with reduced metric computation |
US5742622A (en) * | 1996-03-12 | 1998-04-21 | Discovision Associates | Error detection and correction system for a stream of encoded data |
KR100231876B1 (ko) * | 1996-09-21 | 1999-12-01 | 유기범 | 정진폭특성을 갖는 직교진폭변조방법 및 그 장치 |
JP2978792B2 (ja) * | 1996-10-31 | 1999-11-15 | 株式会社次世代デジタルテレビジョン放送システム研究所 | 軟判定方式及び受信装置 |
FR2756996A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-10 | 1998-06-12 | Philips Electronics Nv | Systeme et procede de transmission numerique comportant un code produit combine a une modulation multidimensionnelle |
EP0851622A1 (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 1998-07-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Coded modulation for constellations with fewer symbols than are required by the coding scheme |
FR2778289B1 (fr) * | 1998-05-04 | 2000-06-09 | Alsthom Cge Alcatel | Decodage iteratif de codes produits |
US20030147471A1 (en) * | 1998-10-05 | 2003-08-07 | Simon Marvin K. | Cross correlated trellis coded quatrature modulation transmitter and system |
US7545890B1 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2009-06-09 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Method for upstream CATV coded modulation |
US6769090B1 (en) * | 2000-08-14 | 2004-07-27 | Virata Corporation | Unified technique for multi-rate trellis coding and decoding |
US7020185B1 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2006-03-28 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Method and apparatus for determining channel conditions in a communication system |
US7173966B2 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2007-02-06 | Broadband Physics, Inc. | Compensation for non-linear distortion in a modem receiver |
US6735264B2 (en) | 2001-08-31 | 2004-05-11 | Rainmaker Technologies, Inc. | Compensation for non-linear distortion in a modem receiver |
US20030101409A1 (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2003-05-29 | Sharon Levy | System and method for error detection in encoded digital data |
FR2865872B1 (fr) * | 2004-01-30 | 2006-04-28 | Wavecom | Procede de reception multi modulation s'appliquant a la demodulation de signaux issus de modulations dont les symboles sont inclus dans une constellation principale |
TW200723789A (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2007-06-16 | Chung Shan Inst Of Science | Method for correlatively encoding and decoding |
US20080123210A1 (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2008-05-29 | Wei Zeng | Handling synchronization errors potentially experienced by a storage device |
US20080152044A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-26 | Media Tek Inc. | Veterbi decoding method for convolutionally encoded signal |
US20170132055A1 (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-11 | Cisco Technology, Inc., A Corporation Of California | Determining Physical Layer Error Signatures of a Communications Link |
US10389487B2 (en) | 2017-01-17 | 2019-08-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Adaptive downlink control channel structure for 5G or other next generation networks |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3789360A (en) * | 1972-10-13 | 1974-01-29 | Harris Intertype Corp | Convolutional decoder |
JPS5325443B2 (es) * | 1972-12-29 | 1978-07-27 | ||
US4035767A (en) * | 1976-03-01 | 1977-07-12 | Ibm Corporation | Error correction code and apparatus for the correction of differentially encoded quadrature phase shift keyed data (DQPSK) |
CH609510A5 (es) * | 1976-06-18 | 1979-02-28 | Ibm | |
US4178550A (en) * | 1977-06-03 | 1979-12-11 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Method and apparatus to permit substantial cancellation of interference between a received first and second signal |
CA1106067A (en) * | 1977-07-19 | 1981-07-28 | Katsuhiro Nakamura | Error correction system for differential phase-shift- keying |
DE2827139A1 (de) * | 1978-06-21 | 1980-01-10 | Balzer & Droell Kg | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum formen und bandagieren der wicklungskoepfe von statoren oder rotoren elektrischer maschinen |
US4217660A (en) * | 1978-07-17 | 1980-08-12 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for the coding and decoding of digital data |
US4283682A (en) * | 1979-04-06 | 1981-08-11 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Erasure zone decision feedback phase lock loop for carrier recovery in data modems |
-
1981
- 1981-11-03 NZ NZ198844A patent/NZ198844A/en unknown
- 1981-11-03 GB GB8133057A patent/GB2088676B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-11-04 AT AT81305236T patent/ATE14961T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-11-04 NO NO813727A patent/NO159228C/no unknown
- 1981-11-04 CA CA000389433A patent/CA1225743A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-11-04 DE DE8181305236T patent/DE3171834D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-11-04 EP EP81305236A patent/EP0052463B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-11-05 AU AU77117/81A patent/AU545194B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-11-09 ZA ZA817711A patent/ZA817711B/xx unknown
- 1981-11-13 US US06/320,923 patent/US4493082A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1981-11-13 IE IE2667/81A patent/IE52428B1/en unknown
- 1981-11-13 JP JP56182152A patent/JPS57150249A/ja active Pending
- 1981-11-13 ES ES507129A patent/ES8302939A1/es not_active Expired
- 1981-11-13 DK DK503781A patent/DK503781A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES507129A0 (es) | 1982-12-01 |
ATE14961T1 (de) | 1985-08-15 |
EP0052463B1 (en) | 1985-08-14 |
NZ198844A (en) | 1984-05-31 |
ZA817711B (en) | 1982-10-27 |
GB2088676B (en) | 1985-09-04 |
US4493082A (en) | 1985-01-08 |
NO159228C (no) | 1988-12-07 |
IE52428B1 (en) | 1987-10-28 |
IE812667L (en) | 1982-05-14 |
AU545194B2 (en) | 1985-07-04 |
DE3171834D1 (en) | 1985-09-19 |
AU7711781A (en) | 1982-05-20 |
GB2088676A (en) | 1982-06-09 |
EP0052463A1 (en) | 1982-05-26 |
JPS57150249A (en) | 1982-09-17 |
NO813727L (no) | 1982-05-18 |
CA1225743A (en) | 1987-08-18 |
NO159228B (no) | 1988-08-29 |
DK503781A (da) | 1982-05-15 |
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