ES2927914A1 - Modular construction system and method for multifunctional spaces (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

A modular construction system based on the use of maritime containers for its main adaptation as an industrial warehouse is described. Designed for use in places with few resources, the containers are lined up at a predetermined distance s, leaving an aisle between every two. Each of the side walls of the containers facing the aisles will be divided into equal pieces or sections. They will be prepared so that they can be assembled and disassembled and are easy to handle, and form part of the main structure of the ship. To provide rigidity, the pieces will be mounted on metal frames. Some panels will serve as a roof for the corridor, which will rise above the roof of the containers. Another panel will be divided into two equal ones to close the corridors. The two remaining panels can be used, if necessary, to give greater height to the ceiling of the corridor, or to form an auxiliary perimeter pergola. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Modular construction system and method for multifunctional spaces

TECHNIQUE SECTOR

The present invention refers to the use of rectangular prismatic containers, preferably standard 40-foot (12.2-meter) shipping containers, and their transformation into multifunctional spaces.

STATE OF THE ART

Currently there are various modular construction devices to generate multifunctional fully or partially covered spaces that include prismatic containers.

rectangular. These spaces, totally or partially covered, have various end uses, such as: residential, industrial or sanitary use, among others. In many of these devices, the rectangular prismatic containers are maritime containers that incorporate independent structures from the original maritime containers in order to increase a useful surface area. The useful area is considered to be the interior floor area of the modular construction device that is fully or partially covered. In general, the use of maritime containers is chosen given the easy transport and low cost they present.

Patent US4854094A, “Method for converting one or more steel shipping containers into a habitable building at a building site and the product thereof” by Phillip C. Clark describes the use of shipping containers as housing solutions. This document proposes to increase the useful surface by coupling the containers together and the disassembly of some panels of the container to achieve the communication of the interior spaces of the same.

Along these lines are other patents such as patent JPH09195533A, "Simplified housing and construction thereby by use of container for ocean transportation", by Nippon Fuaiaa Utsudo KK, or utility model ES1091882, "Prefabricated modular construction based on recycled elements for residential use”, by Carlos Andrés del Rio Ingelmo. Both documents, JPH09195533A and ES1091882, disclose a contiguous provision between sea containers and the removal of some adjoining panels between adjoining containers to increase the usable area.

In the consulted bibliography, the references found to the use of containers in industrial plants are usually like mobile factories, in which the different modules are in individual containers, for easy transport.

When it is required to expand the covered area, a very common solution is to install additional structures to each original maritime container that, when deployed, increases the useful area.

Searching for references on designs related to the expansion of the surface occupied by the containers themselves, those found are for residential use, including here field hospitals and mobile tents. The references found are the following:

Utility model ES1080654-U “Pop-up container”, by Nicolas Fiore, which describes a telescopic side container that can be doubled in size and transformed into a pop-up mobile store.

Patent application ES2289864-A1 "Container convertible into a field hospital", by SINERGIA VALUE SL, SPACE X SL, which describes a container with telescopic sides that increases its surface area by almost four times.

Utility model ES1077112U (Y) "Modified transport container to convert it into a multi-purpose room", by Antonio García Martínez, describes a single shipping container with side panels that can be deployed using actuators.

The patent US8141304B2 "Prefabricated container house", by Kangna Nelson Shen and Coen Germeraad, describes a container with roofs, floors and side walls deployable from each transverse side of the container. Said invention makes it possible to increase its surface by about two times.

Utility model ES1080581 "Transportable module for temporary accommodation services for people", by Eloy Ramos Buzón, describes the use of a maritime container of the 'High Cube' type as a housing solution. It is possible to double the useful living space by incorporating a panel between the ceiling and the original floor of the container.

In view of the prior art, there are various inventions related to adapting the functionality of maritime containers, whether for residential, sanitary or industrial functions, among others. However, the prior art does not propose a solution that generates an increased usable area by means of a reduced use of material or structures not included in the original rectangular prismatic containers, nor does it disclose the possibility of extending said increased usable area in an additive way, that is to say, being able to increase a first enlarged useful area with a second enlarged useful area in a systematic way.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The development of this invention arises as a need for a low-cost industrial warehouse for a cooperation project. For this reason, the use of 40-foot shipping containers (CM40) was proposed, that is, 12.2 meters, in addition to their low cost, due to their versatility (industrial warehouses, schools, field hospitals,...) and scalability they can provide and because of their relatively easy acquisition, movement and handling almost anywhere in the world.

The invention consists of a modular construction system using rectangular prismatic containers (CPR), with application to the standard CM40, to obtain a semi-diaphanous, transportable and reusable warehouse, whose useful surface will be greater than that provided by each of the containers used. . To enlarge the surface, the CPRs will be arranged in parallel and separated by a distance (d), leaving a corridor (P) between them. In this way, the useful area contributed by each additional CPR is increased proportionally to (d).

The object of the invention is a modular construction system for multifunctional spaces, which comprises:

- n rectangular prismatic containers (CPR) of length (L), width (A) and height (H), where n > 2, where each prismatic container comprises a base, a roof, two side walls, a front wall and a wall rear,

- (n - 1) corridors (P) of length (L) and width (d) located between consecutive prismatic containers,

where each prismatic container comprises its side walls attached to each aisle (P) divided into a number of panels that can be assembled and removable between a first transport position and a second ship position, where in the first transport position the panels make up the side walls of the prismatic container and in the second nave position the panels are configured to partially cover as ceiling panels and close as front and rear panels the front and rear walls of the corridor (P).

In an example of embodiment, the ceiling of the corridor (P) will be elevated with respect to the ceiling of the rectangular prismatic containers (CPR), to provide light and ventilation to the warehouse.

The necessary material to close the aisles at their ends and to cover them almost entirely will be provided by the sides of the rectangular prismatic containers (CPR) that make up each aisle (P). These sides will have been previously modified for this purpose.

The object of this invention is also a modular construction method for multifunctional spaces, which comprises the following steps:

a) provide n rectangular prismatic containers (CPR) of length (L), width (A) and height (H), where n > 2, where each prismatic container comprises a base, a roof, two side walls, a front wall and a rear wall, b) aligning the containers so that they form (n - 1) corridors (P) of length (L) and width (d) between consecutive prismatic containers,

c) disassembling some panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2) that can be assembled and removable from the side walls (5, 6) of the prismatic container (300) to partially cover them as roof panels (7.1) and close as front and rear panels (7.2). the front and back walls of the corridor (P) (301),

d) mounting the ceiling panels (7.1) of the corridor (301),

e) assemble the front and rear panels (7.2) closing the corridor (301).

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

A series of figures are briefly described here, with non-limiting examples, which help to better understand the invention:

Figure 1. Distribution of n rectangular prismatic containers (CPR) to be used as a warehouse with (n - 1) covered walkways. L, CPR length; A, CPR width; H, CPR height; d, distance between CPR.

Figure 2. Description of a prismatic container, based on a shipping container.

Figure 3. Container sides and panels in transport position.

Figure 4. Exploded view of the side panels and detail of their assembly on the container in the transport position. Detail of frames and plates.

Figure 5. Exploded view of the canopy assembly structure on the upper longitudinal beam in the warehouse position. Detail of the raised roof with panels. Detail of frames, plates, anchor legs and blinds.

Figure 6. Aisle spaces between containers to be covered.

Figure 7. Corridor top closures (CSP) with shutter and mounting frames.

Figure 8. Plan of the warehouse with four containers (C) and three covered aisles (P). Right-hand container with Openside-type side-opening panels. At the ends, possible canopies and their support struts.

Figure 9. Front view and side view of the containers with detail of the corridors: lateral closure and two-level covers: with shutters and with part of the raised corridor.

Figure 10. Parts and pieces of the upper side closure of a corridor without raised parts.

Figure 11. Parts and pieces of the upper side closure of a corridor with raised pieces.

EXAMPLES OF EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention deals with a modular construction system for multifunctional spaces that comprises n (n > 2) rectangular prismatic containers (300), as can be seen in figure 1, of length (L), width (A) and height (H). ); arranged frontally aligned, parallel and leaving a distance (d) between two consecutive rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR). Among them there will be (n-1) covered and closed corridors (301) (P), of the same length (L) as the rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR), a width (d) and, in an embodiment , of a height greater than the height (H) of the rectangular prismatic containers (300) CPR.

Expressed another way, each corridor (301) (P ^j ) (1 < j < n - 1) will be arranged between the rectangular prismatic containers (300) CPR (j) and (j 1) and will be included between one side of the prismatic containers (300) rectangular CPR (j) and the opposite side of another prismatic container (300) rectangular CPR (j 1).

In some embodiments, for logistical and aesthetic reasons, the width (d) of the corridors (301), or distance between two consecutive rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR), will be the same in all corridors (301).

As derived from the figures, the modular construction system for multifunctional spaces object of the invention comprises:

- n rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) of length (L), width (A) and height (H), where n > 2, where each prismatic container (300) comprises a base (3), a roof (11 ), two side walls (5, 6), a front wall (18) and a rear wall (11), - (n - 1) corridors (301) (P) of length (L) and width (d) located between prismatic containers (300) consecutive,

where each prismatic container (300) comprises its side walls (5, 6) attached to each aisle (301) (P) divided into a number of panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2) that can be assembled and dismounted between a first transport position and a second ship position, where in the first transport position the panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2) configure the side walls (5, 6) of the prismatic container (300) and in the second ship position the panels they are configured to partially cover as ceiling panels (7.1) and close as front and rear panels (7.2) the front and rear walls of the corridor (P) (301).

In an embodiment, the system object of the invention comprises a base located on the floor of the corridors (301) for leveling the floor of the corridors (303) with the floor of the prismatic container (301).

The floor of the corridor (301) will be on the very previous base on which it is installed, while that of the containers will be raised with respect to said same previous base, leaving a step between the two. For safety, and for the mobility of people and machines inside the warehouse, the floor can be leveled by means of a platform-type base, whose material (wood, iron, cement,...) and shape will be defined by the designer of the ship according to your constructive needs.

As previously mentioned, the material used to cover and close the corridors (301) at their ends will come from the side walls (5, 6) of the rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR).

The useful area provided by each rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR) (j) additional to the first one will be equal to the sum of the area provided by the rectangular prismatic container (300) itself (CPR) plus the corridor area (j- 1) that conforms to the previous rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR) (j-1). This additional surface will have a value width (A d) and a length (L). The surface increase provided by each additional rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR) will be the result of (A d)/A. Example: With a width of the aisle (301) of 1.90 m and the width of the containers being 2.44 m, each additional container would multiply the surface area it provides by 1.78.

Description of a rectangular (300) prismatic container (CPR)

To access the interior of a rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR) there is usually an entrance door located on one of its small front or rear side faces (18, 11). The entrance door defines the front part (18) of the container and the opposite, the rear part (11). The axis that joins the planes of the front part (18) with the rear part (11) defines the longitudinal direction of the prismatic container (300). Arranged in front of the front door, the side wall (18, 11) that is located on the right will receive the name of right side; and the one that remains to the left, lateral left. The axis that joins the right and left sides defines the transversal axis of the prismatic container (300).

Each rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR), according to the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, comprises six equal and parallel panels two by two; delimited by twelve edges (eight horizontal and four vertical, called beams and posts), four to four equal and parallel, and eight straight corners, responsible for making the mechanical connection between beams and posts.

- The horizontal beams or edges are arranged: four in the longitudinal direction (4, 8, 14 and 13) of the same length, and four in the transverse direction (9, 10, 16 and 19), of the same length. Longitudinal beams are named based on their left or right, top or bottom position. The transversal ones, depending on their front or rear, upper or lower position.

- The four posts or vertical edges (2, 7, 12 and 17) of the same length, allow the anchoring of the floor and ceiling panels between the respective lower and upper corners (1.1 and 1.2; 1.5 and 1.6; 1, .8 and 1.7, and 1.4 and 1.3), to form the frame of a rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR), of external height H;

- The intersections between posts and beams define the eight straight corners (1.x; 1<x<8 as represented in figure 2);

The panels are called:

- Bottom panel, base or floor (3), designed to support loads, mounted solidly on the lower right longitudinal beam (4), the lower left longitudinal beam (13), the lower front beam (19) and the lower rear beam (10), whose ends define an exterior length L and an exterior width A. The intersections between the lower beams define the respective corners (1.1, 1.5, 1.8 and 1.4).

- Top or ceiling panel (15), of the same length and width as the floor panel;

solidly mounted on the upper right longitudinal beam (8), the upper left longitudinal beam (14), an upper front beam (16) and an upper rear beam (9). The intersections between the upper beams define the respective corners (1.2, 1.6, 1.7 and 1.3).

- Front side panel (18), bounded and held by: the upper front beam (16), the lower front beam (19), the right front post (2) and the left front post (17); constitutes the access panel and, when used as a shipping container, is usually formed by doors (18), which open and close for loading and unloading of the rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR).

- Rear side panel (11), delimited and supported by: the upper rear beam (9), the lower rear beam (10), the right rear post (7) and the left rear post (12); it is usually a fixed panel in its use as a maritime container.

- Left side panel (5), delimited and supported by: the left upper beam (14), the left lower beam (13), the left front post (17) and the left rear post (12);

- Right side panel (6), delimited and supported by: the upper right beam (8), the lower right beam (4), the right front post (2) and the right rear post (7).

The lateral surface of rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) can be closed with different types of materials: canvas, lightweight panels, self-supporting panels... In maritime containers, the panels are self-supporting, welded to the beams and posts that they delimit them. In the modifications presented, due to their lightness, sandwich-type panels for roofs are proposed as a material.

Side panel modifications

The modifications made to the sides of the rectangular prismatic container (300) seek to make them easily mountable and removable, piece by piece, between a first transport position and a second ship position. In this second position, the roof and the ends of the corridors between rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) will be closed with the material coming from the sides of the rectangular prismatic containers (300) (PCR) that make up each corridor (301). .

In principle, the number of panels would be indifferent. Although, due to geometry, optimization of costs and assembly, reduction in the number of joints in the aisle roof (301) and greater versatility, it is proposed that the sides be divided into three sections (S1, S2, S3) of the same size as represented in figure 3, which will form two sets (100) and (101), which will be mounted indistinctly on one side or the other. It is recommended that the same type of assembly be always mounted on the same side of the different rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR).

The mountable and removable panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2) of the side walls (5, 6) of one of the containers (300) attached to a corridor (301) are configured as panels of roof (7.1) and a set (102) of two mountable and removable panels (6.2) located at one longitudinal end of the side walls (6, 5) of the other prismatic container (300) attached to the corridor (301) are configured as respective Front and rear panels (7.2) closing the corridor.

As can be seen in the embodiment example of figure 3, the assembly (100) will be made up of three light, equal panels (5.1), mountable and removable between the transport and ship positions. They will have a length (l) and a height (h), where (3l) is the internal distance between the posts (2,7,17,12,h), the distance between the longitudinal beams (4, 8,13,14) .

The total length (3l) of the sets (100,101) will be less than the length (L) of the containers, because the thickness of the poles must be discounted. For the same reason, the height (h) of the panels is less than the height (H) of the containers, because the thickness of the longitudinal beams must be discounted.

The covering of the corridors (301) will be completed with the upper closure pieces at their ends.

The set (101) will be made up of four light panels, mountable and removable between the transport and ship positions. Two panels (6.1) and two panels (6.2). The panels (6.1) of a container will be equal to the panels (5.1) of the other container. The closing panels (6.2) will be twin panels, half the size of the other panels (6.1); They will have the same height (h) and (l/2) length. The two closing panels (6.2) will make up the set (102), whose total length will be equal to that of the other panels (6.1).

The surface occupied by each of the panels (5.1, 6.1) and by the set (102) will be the same.

The length (l/2) of the closing panels (6.2) will define the width (d) of the corridor. The height (h) of the panels will be greater than the width (d) of the corridors. The difference in measurements will serve so that the canopy that will cover the corridors (P) has an overhang.

As previously mentioned, the side walls (5, 6) of the prismatic container (300) are divided into sections (S1, S2, S3) and include struts (20) to support the weight of the roof (11) of the prismatic container ( 300). The struts (20) are They extend between the longitudinal beams (4, 8, 13, 14) of the base (3) and the roof (11) of the prismatic containers (300) and serve as support and anchorage to some frames (201, 202, 203).

The struts (20.x), represented for example in figure 10, will join the upper beam with the lower beam on each side, will be arranged equidistantly, between the posts and each other, and will serve as internal support for the panels. the sets (100,101). They will be called, on the right side: (20.1), the closest to the front post (2), and (20.2), the closest to the back post (7). And on the left side: (20.3), the closest to the front post (17), and (20.4), the closest to the back post (12). With a rectangular profile, they will be assembled aligned with the internal face of the longitudinal beams, with a setback from the outside, to allow the assembly of the new side panels.

As previously mentioned, the rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR) is a 40-foot shipping container (CM40), the right and left sides will be self-supporting panels, welded to the beams and posts that delimit them. These side panels will be separated from the main structure, trying to make the most of the available side surface. Since these panels are responsible for supporting the weight of the ceiling panel, to avoid buckling of the upper beams and the ceiling itself, the structure will be reinforced with the aforementioned props (20.x) that must support said weight. These support struts could be replaced by reinforcement beams welded to the respective upper longitudinal beams. The material on the sides of each CM40 will be replaced by a set of panels (100) and another set (101).

For its closure, each corridor (301) will require a set (100) and another set (101). And each rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR) will have a set (100) and another set (101) regardless of the side of the rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR) on which it is mounted, whether left or right. Preferably, the layout of the sides will be kept on the same side for all the rectangular prismatic container (300) of the ship, so that there is always one set (100) facing another set (101).

As previously mentioned, the panels (5.1) of the assembly (100) are configured to form the roof of the corridor (301). They will have an overhang that will be half the difference between the width of the panel and the length of the crosspieces, defined by the width (d) of the corridor. This lateral overhang of the panel must be compatible with mounting the panels in the transport position.

The panels (6.1) mountable and removable from the side walls (5, 6) are configured to act as panels (7.3) for the vertical elevation of the roof panels (7.1) to provide height to the modular construction or as a roof (7.4 ) in the construction of an exterior pergola (40) to the corridor (301).

The panels (6.2) of the assembly (101) are configured to close the passageway (301) at its ends as a front and rear panel (7.2), see fig. 7 and 9, and leave a distance (d) between two consecutive rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR).

The configuration of the raised aisles (301) will depend on the needs of the installation. Depending on the number of panels (6.1), this raised elevation can be carried out in one third of the corridor (301), in two thirds of the corridor (301) or in the entire corridor (301), leaving the rest of the corridors (301 ) with normal height. The parts not used in the raised elevation can be used as a pergola (40).

The outer side walls (5, 6) of the end containers (1, n) may be fixed or with lateral openings to provide additional light, ventilation and facilitate access to the interior of the modular construction. That is, the outer side panels (5, 6) of the rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) (1) and (n), those that do not face any corridor (301), may be unmodified. These rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) may also be of the “Openside” type side opening, or full side opening by means of doors, see figure 6, to provide more light and ventilation and facilitate access to the interior of the warehouse. .

Side Panel Configuration

The panels (5.1,6.1,6.2) of the side walls (5, 6) attached to the aisles (301) (P) of the prismatic containers (300) include frames (201, 202, 203) to facilitate their assembly and disassembly between the first transport position and the second ship position.

The panels (5.1,6.1,6.2) are made up of light panels mounted on respective metal frames (201, 202, 203) attached to them, see figure 4. These frames (201, 202, 203) will allow their assembly and disassembly between transport and ship positions, always with the frame (201,202, 203) facing the interior of the prismatic container (300) or the inside the corridor (301) or the ship. The profile used to configure the frames (201, 202, 203) will preferably be square and measure (l).

The length of the short side of the frames (202) of the panels (6.2) will define the width (d) of the corridor (j) that separates the containers (j) and (j+1). The short side of the frame (201) of the panels (5.1), formed by the crosspieces, will have the same width (d) of said corridor (301).

The difference between the short sides of the panels (5.1) and the frames (201) will provide the canopy overhang when this panel is in the nave position. The measurement of this overhang will be half the difference between the width of the panel (5.1) and the length of the crosspieces or width (d) of the corridor (301). This lateral overhang of the panel must be compatible with mounting the panels in the transport position.

The frames (201) will be made up of (t, t >3) crosspieces (150) equal and open at their ends and at least 2x(t-1) semi-spars (151) equal welded to them and without openings to the outside . The shortest measurement of the frame (201) will be the distance (d) that separates the containers (j) and (j+1) that define the aisle (j), and will correspond to the length of the crosspieces (150). The length of the crosspiece (150) of the frame (202) may be different from that of the frame (201), to allow its mounting as a wall in the raised corridor.

The frames (203) will consist of two equal crossbars (152) open at their ends and at least two equal semi-spars (153) welded to them and without openings to the outside.

In the closure panels (6.2), the frames (203) will be mounted in such a way that they provide the smallest possible overhang compatible with mounting the panel in the transport position and with the ship position.

In order to facilitate the assembly of the panels in any of the two positions, transport and ship, the measurements and position of the holes to be made in the frames (201, 202) will be the same in all the panels (5.1, 6.1). Similarly, all the frames (203) of the closing panels (6.2) will have the same measurements and the same positions of the holes to be made.

The prismatic containers (300) comprise mountable and removable plates (155, 156, 157, 158) attached to longitudinal beams (4, 8, 13, 14) of the prismatic containers (300) and to the frames (201, 202, 203) for joining the panels (5.1,6.1,6.2) in their two positions, transport and ship.

Therefore, the union of each panel with the longitudinal beams will be made through the frames (201,202, 203), which will be mounted on the metal plates (155, 156, 157, 158), mountable and removable, compatible between the transport position and ship position. The different plates (155, 156, 157, 158) will have anchoring holes to the rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) whose positions and measurements will be the same and symmetrical for all.

transport position

Figure 3 shows the assembly of the sets of panels (100,101) on the corresponding sides of the rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) and the struts (20.x).

In transport position, see figure. 4, each panel is configured to perform a secure closure of the rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR). The anchoring of its frame or framework will be connected by means of the plates (155, 156, 157, 158) with the upper and lower longitudinal beams of its corresponding side in the rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR) and with the front posts. or rear, and corresponding struts (20.x).

The panels (6.1, 5.1) will be mounted on equal plates (155, 156). The set (102) of the two closing panels (6.2) will be mounted on equal plates (157, 158). Some plates (155, 157) will be joined to the upper longitudinal beam; and others (156, 158), with the inferior. Even plates and odd plates will be arranged facing each other on their respective stringers. The position of the assembly (102) on the corresponding side is indifferent, although it is proposed that it be located at one of the ends.

The plates (155, 156) will serve as the base of the structure on which the ceiling of the corridors (301) will be installed, becoming known as plates in nave position (170). In the embodiment example shown, in order to install the corridor ceiling (301), six plates are required in the nave position (170), so it will be necessary to have a of the other plates (155). During the ship position, one of the plates (158) will be installed in the space left by the last plate (155).

To secure the assembly and disassembly of the plates to the longitudinal beams, hexagonal head bolts will be used. The arrangement of the bolts on the plate must ensure its correct anchorage to the corresponding longitudinal beam. The hole for the bolts in the plate (156) will be a transversal slot about 3 cm long, to allow a clearance in the alignment of the rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR).

Once the plate bolts (156) have been removed, some holes will remain open through which moisture, dirt or insects can enter through them. To avoid this, during the ship position, the holes that remain open in the lower longitudinal beams will be closed with flat head countersunk bolts, whose mission is to avoid any possible accident due to people tripping or machinery snagging during plant operation. . During the transport position, these bolts will be responsible for closing the corresponding holes located on the upper longitudinal beams. The corresponding holes will be countersunk.

The plates (155, 156, 157, 158) will have welded as many anchoring trunnions (159) as crossbars have the frame. Each trunnion will consist of a base with the same profile as that of the crosspieces (151,152) and measure (l) and, embedded and welded to the base, a tube with the same profile as that of the crosspieces and measure (l'), whose mission is to serve as a male piece to be inserted and fitted into the lateral openings of the crossbars, at least 10 cm, both in the transfer position and in the ship position.

The height of the trunnions (159) will be that required to cover half the difference between the length of the crossbars and the span between the spars, including plates (155, 156, 157, 158). The clearance between the plates (155, 156, 157, 158) and the longitudinal beams will be the minimum necessary to allow the assembly and disassembly processes of the panels between the longitudinal beams.

Ship position. Modular construction method

The corridors make up open rectangular prisms, see Figure 6, whose lower (501), upper (502), front (503) and rear (504) walls need to be closed. The lower part will be closed by a modular platform system, metaldeck type or similar, that will level the interior floor of the ship. The upper one, with the panels (5.1) and the ends, with the closing panels (6.2). For this, the sides of the rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) will be used. The sides close the surface between the longitudinal posts and beams, so it is not enough to cover the full length of the container or provide enough height to close the ends of the corridor (301). This means that some extensions are necessary for the Upper Corridor Closure (CSP1), which will be mounted on metal frames and blinds (400) of the same type as those already explained.

Figure 6 shows the plan of the warehouse, with the containers (C) and the roof of the corridors (P); and in figure 9, the front and side view of the rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR) ship. This figure shows the containers, mounted on a base, and the structures added to close and cover the aisles (301).

The orientation of the front panels of the rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) that make up the modular construction is, in principle, indifferent. In the mounting layout presented, all rectangular prismatic containers (300) will be arranged with the door facing the same side. Due to assembly needs, the location of the doors may be different from those shown in figure 8.

The modular construction method for multifunctional spaces object of the invention comprises the following steps:

a) provide n rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) of length (L), width (A) and height (H), where n > 2, where each prismatic container (300) comprises a base (3), a roof (11), two side walls (5, 6), a front wall (18) and a rear wall (11),

b) aligning the containers so that they form (n - 1) corridors (301) (P) of length (L) and width (d) between consecutive prismatic containers (300), c) dismantling some panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2 ) mountable and removable side walls (5, 6) of the prismatic container (300) to partially cover as ceiling panels (7.1) and close as front and rear panels (7.2) the front and rear walls of the corridor (P) ( 301),

d) mounting the ceiling panels (7.1) of the corridor (301),

e) assemble the front and rear panels (7.2) closing the corridor (301).

The assembly, therefore, as a ship has the following phases:

a) Alignment of rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR).

Prior to starting the composition of the ship, the existence of a base on which to place the rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) is required.

The rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) will be arranged aligned according to the front beams, parallel and separated by a predetermined distance (d), forming a corridor (301) of that width between each two rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR). as seen in figure 1.

On one side of the corridor (j) there will be a set (100) of the rectangular prismatic container (300) CPR (j) and a set (101) of the rectangular prismatic container (300) CPR (j+1), or vice versa.

b) Disassembly of side panels.

Once aligned, proceed to disassemble the side panels (5,6), previously loosening the hexagonal head bolts that hold the upper and lower plates (155, 156, 157, 158) and then proceeding to their assembly as a ship according to the design of figure 9.

Some panels (5.1) will configure the roof of the corridor, the closing panels (6.2) will close them and the other panels (6.1) will be used to raise the ceiling, if necessary. Becoming called, respectively, roof panels (7.1), front and rear panels (7.2) panels (7.3) for the vertical elevation of the roof panels (7.1).

c) Assembly of the corridor roof (301)

Figure 5 shows the assembly of the panels in the ship position.

The flat head countersunk bolts that close the open holes in the upper face of the upper beams will be disassembled, in order to assemble the corresponding plates in the nave position (170). These bolts will be mounted in the holes left by the hexagonal head bolts that held the lower plates.

The plates in the nave position (170) will be anchored in the released holes located in the upper part of the upper beams of the corridor, using the hexagonal head bolts with which the plates (156) were anchored to the lower beam. The holes in the plates (156, 170) will present a slot to be able to have a clearance to, if necessary, be able to adjust the distance in the assembly of the canopies.

To cover the roof, the three panels (5.1) of the set (100) of one of the sides of the corridor will be used. This configuration is designed so that, in the warehouse position, the side panels can act as a roof for the aisle (301) between containers, covering the entire width (d) of the aisle and almost its entire length, see Figure 6.

The panels (5.1) will now be arranged horizontally, with the longitudinal axis parallel and centered with the longitudinal axis of the corridor (301), so that each longitudinal side is located on each of the prismatic containers (300) rectangular (CPR).

The system comprises metal legs (160) in the shape of an inverted L for joining between the plates in the nave position (170) and the panels (5.1) to lift said panels (5.1) with respect to the side walls (5, 6) in your second ship position and provide light and ventilation to the building. The union between plates in the nave position (170) and the horizontal panel will be made by means of the metal legs (160) in the shape of an inverted L. These metal legs (160), by raising the roof on the container, will provide light and ventilation to the ship. The height of the metal legs (160) will depend on the needs of use.

The short side of the metal legs (160) must fit into the lateral opening of the crosspieces, while the long one must fit into the stumps of the plates in the nave position (170). Therefore, the measurements of the two pieces of the L must be different. The measurement of the short side will be (l'), like the male part of the stump; and the measurement of the long side will be (l), like those of the crossbar.

First, the short side of all the metal legs (160) will be fitted, and then the metal legs (160) will be placed on the trunnions. To prevent the roof from being torn off by the wind, it is necessary to have two pins on each metal leg (160) between the trunnions and the respective long pieces of the L. The short side of the L does not need wind anchorage; and it will be left free to have freedom of movement in the event of an earthquake.

Since water could enter through the joints between the pieces of the roof, it will be necessary to have sealing joints (21) between them, see figure 3. These joints could be assembled only for the warehouse position or be assembled as one more piece , in the transport phase; in this case it would be used to provide a better anchorage of the side panels to the posts and struts.

Between the canopy and the roof of the containers, some skylights remain open, through which light and ventilation will enter the warehouse, but water and animals can also enter. Like any window opening, there are different options for closing it, see figure 10. To close it, frames (205) will be mounted on these skylights on which the chosen closing system will be mounted (grid, canvas, blinds, glass, etc.). ..), which will be anchored with bolts or screws to said frame.

Considering the location of the place where they are going to be installed, the proposal in this document is an exterior upper corridor closure (CSP2) with blinds (400), fixed or mobile, with which the entry of water is prevented while at the same time allows the passage of light and air for ventilation, and an interior closure with a grid (401), to prevent the entry of animals of all kinds.

d) Placement of soil between containers

Once the side panels (5, 6) have been removed, the floor of the corridors will be leveled with the floor of the rectangular prismatic containers (300) using a platform (30) made with prefabricated slabs, preferably concrete. , which cover the width (d) of the corridor (301).

It is proposed to build a removable concrete platform, made up of modular slabs of the metaldeck or similar type, which completely covers the corridor, both in length and in width. Each slab will initially have (d) m wide, 50 cm long and a thickness that will depend on the height of the lower longitudinal beams.

If necessary, as in CM40 containers, these slabs can be supported on stirrups (31) welded laterally to the base of the sides of the beams. lower longitudinal sections of the rectangular prismatic containers (300) CPR, see figure 7. The distance from the stirrups to the upper edge of said beams will be adequate to allow the correct leveling of the floor of the building; and its measurements, those necessary for the slab to support the efforts required by the installation.

e) Hall closure

To close the corridors (301), see figure 9, the two closing panels (6.2) of one set (102) of the other set (101) on the other side of the corridor will be used, which will become front panels. and rear (7.2). One of the front and rear panels (7.2) will close the corridor (301) at the front and the other at the rear. The frames (203) of the panels will be mounted on the edge of the closing panels (6.2), allowing direct anchoring, by means of hexagonal head threaded bolts, of the frames (203) to the sides of the respective front or rear posts.

By design, these front and rear panels (7.2) will not be able to cover the entire height of the rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR) so it will be necessary to increase them. Similarly, the panels intended for the ceiling of the corridor (301) will not be able to cover its entire length, it being necessary to increase the ends of the canopy.

The system includes some terminals (CSP1) to complete the closure of the corridor (301) coupled to the frame of the front and rear panel panels (7.2) of the corridor and to the panels (6.1) for the vertical elevation of the ceiling panels (7.1). or the metal legs (160) . Therefore, to complete the closure of the corridor and prevent the entry of water into the building, two terminals or Upper Corridor Closures (CSP1) will be used, which will be mounted on a frame (204), which may be flat or polyhedral, straight or inclined towards the canopy. The frames (204) will rest on the corresponding corners of the containers (j) and (j+1) and will be provided with extensions (162) in the form of a fork and smaller than the size of the frame so that it can be coupled, type stump, with the upper openings of the frame crosspieces (203). The joint between the extensions (162) and the frame (203) may have a safety pin.

To give strength to the roof structure, it is necessary to join the frame (204) and the outer metal legs (160) at the ends of the canopies. There is a gap between them that can be covered in different ways. In this case, it is proposed to interpose a stringer (161) between the two; the necessary distance will be covered by square tubes (163) welded to the frame (204) and to the spar (161). The union in the contact zone will be made by means of bolts or plates.

To cover the opening between the front and rear panels (7.2) and the canopy, it is proposed to use the same type of structure as the one used to cover the sides of the canopy, although any other can be used.

f) Elevation of the aisle

The overelevation of the corridor is shown in figures 7 and 9.

The free height in the corridor area would be conditioned by the length of the metal legs (160), with the proposed free height being about 3.4 m. If it were necessary to increase the available height of the corridor (301), an overpass can be formed by replacing the legs (160) of the canopy with the two panels (6.1) of the assembly (101), which will act as side walls (7.3) for the same , see figure 9.

These panels would be arranged in the same position as in the transport position and would be mounted on the plates in ship position (170) arranged on the upper longitudinal beam. In this case, the height of the corridor (301) would be increased by the height of the panel and could reach about 4.8 m.

The union between the ceiling panels (7.1) and the panels (7.3) for the vertical elevation of the ceiling panels (7.1) will be made by means of union Ls (161) whose width will be the same as that of the stump. To prevent the roof from rising due to the effect of the wind, the joints between the crossbars (150) of the panel (7.3) for the vertical elevation of the roof panels (7.1) with the anchoring trunnion (159) and with the L ( 161) will have separate pins.

The Upper Corridor Closure pieces will be modified to adapt to this design, forming (CSP3) and the frame (206), which will be similar to those previously described (CSP1) and (204) but taller.

To strengthen this structure, in the area between the normal canopy and the raised one, there will be an Upper Corridor Closure (CSP4) provided with a frame (207), which will be anchored with bolts to the corresponding crosspieces (150) of the frames (202) used as walls, and to the crosspieces (150) of the frame (201) used as a roof.

The ends of the resulting overpass can be covered with a system of shutters (400) and internal grille (401) similar to those already explained.

There are different configurations of the overpasses depending on the number of rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) and the required functionalities. The assembly system will be the one already explained.

g) Additional covers

To take advantage of the panels (6.1) not installed and prevent them from being thrown on the ground, it is proposed to install external pergolas (40) with said panels, see figure 9. The panels will be renamed roof (7.4) of external pergola (40) .

On the corresponding rectangular prismatic container (300) (CPR), the same assembly system proposed for the canopies will be used, as disclosed in figure 5, with legs similar to the metal legs (160), which may be smaller. . To facilitate the assembly of the pergolas, these legs can be hinged. The exterior pergolas (40) will be supported by columns (41) of a suitable size for the height of the canopy and provided with an anchoring system to the ground to prevent their lifting in the event of wind.

The proposed design does not specify the opening of windows, windows or doors or the possibility of using the roof to install solar panels or a wind turbine. These modifications will depend on the needs of the installation.

The front or rear arrangement of the container doors is indifferent, depending on the requirements of the ship.

The steps to carry out the process of disassembling the ship position and reassembling it in the transport position will be the same, but in reverse order.

Claims (14)

1 Modular construction system for multifunctional spaces, characterized by comprising: - n rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) of length (L), width (A) and height (H), where n > 2, where each prismatic container (300) comprises a base (3), a roof (11 ), two side walls (5, 6), a front wall (18) and a rear wall (11), - (n - 1) corridors (301) (P) of length (L) and width (d) located between prismatic containers (300) consecutive, where each prismatic container (300) comprises its side walls (5, 6) attached to each aisle (301) (P) divided into a number of panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2) that can be assembled and dismounted between a first transport position and a second ship position, where in the first transport position the panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2) configure the side walls (5, 6) of the prismatic container (300) and in the second ship position the panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2) are configured to partially cover as ceiling panels (7.1) and close as front and rear panels (7.2) the front and rear walls of the corridor (P) (301). 2. - Modular construction system for multifunctional spaces, according to claim 1, characterized in that the panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2) of the side walls (5, 6) attached to the aisles (301) (P) of the containers binoculars (300) comprise frames (201, 202, 203) to facilitate their assembly and disassembly between the first transport position and the second ship position. 3. - Modular construction system for multifunctional spaces, according to claim 2, characterized in that the prismatic containers (300) comprise mountable and removable plates in transport position (155, 156, 157, 158) attached to longitudinal beams ( 4, 8, 13, 14) of the prismatic containers (300) and the frames (201, 202, 203) for joining the panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2) in their two positions, transport and ship. 4. - Modular construction system for multifunctional spaces, according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises metal legs (160) in the shape of an inverted L of union between the plates in ship position (170) and the panels (5.1) for raise said panels (5.1) with respect to the side walls (5, 6) in their second nave position and provide light and ventilation to the construction. 5. - Modular construction system for multifunctional spaces, according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the side walls (5, 6) of the prismatic container (300) are divided into sections and comprise struts (20) or reinforcing beams to support the weight of the roof (11) of the prismatic container (300), where the struts (20) or reinforcing beams extend between some longitudinal beams (4, 8, 13, 14) of the base (3) and the roof (11) of the prismatic containers (300) and serve as support and anchorage to the frames (201,202, 203). 6. - Modular construction system for multifunctional spaces, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side walls (5, 6) of the prismatic container (300) are divided into three sections (S1, S2, S3) thereof. size closed by the panels (5.1,6.1,6.2). 7. - Modular construction system for multifunctional spaces, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2) can be assembled and removed from the side walls (5, 6) of one of the containers (300 ) attached to a corridor (301) are configured as ceiling panels (7.1) and a set (102) of two mountable and removable panels (6.2) located at one longitudinal end of the side walls (6, 5) of the other prismatic container. (300) attached to the corridor (301) are configured as individual front and rear panels (7.2) closing the corridor. 8. - Modular construction system for multifunctional spaces, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the panels (6.1) are mountable and removable from the side walls (5, 6) of a prismatic container (300) attached to the corridor ( 301) are configured to act as panels (7.3) for the vertical elevation of the roof panels (7.1) providing greater height to the modular construction or for the construction of an exterior pergola (40) to the corridor (301). 9. - Modular construction system for multifunctional spaces, according to claims 4, 7 and 8, characterized in that it comprises terminals (CSP1) to complete the closure of the corridor (301) attached to a frame of the front and rear panels (7.2 ) closing the corridor and to the panels (7.3) for the vertical elevation of the ceiling panels (7.1) or the metal legs (160). 10. - Modular construction system for multifunctional spaces, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that they comprise a base located on the floor of the corridors (301) for leveling the floor of the corridors (303) with the floor of the prismatic container (301). 11.- Modular construction system for multifunctional spaces, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer side walls (5, 6) of the end containers (1, n) are fixed or have lateral opening to provide light additional ventilation and easy access to the interior of the modular construction. 12.- Modular construction method for multifunctional spaces, which includes the following steps: f) provide n rectangular prismatic containers (300) (CPR) of length (L), width (A) and height (H), where n > 2, where each prismatic container (300) comprises a base (3), a roof (11), two side walls (5, 6), a front wall (18) and a rear wall (11), g) aligning the containers so that they form (n - 1) corridors (301) (P) of length (L) and width (d) between consecutive prismatic containers (300), h) dismantling some panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2 ) mountable and removable side walls (5, 6) of the prismatic container (300) to partially cover as ceiling panels (7.1) and close as front and rear panels (7.2) the front and rear walls of the corridor (P) ( 301), i) mounting the ceiling panels (7.1) of the corridor (301), j) assemble the front and rear panels (7.2) closing the corridor (301). 13.- Modular construction method for multifunctional spaces, according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises the step of mounting a base located on the floor of the corridors (301) for leveling the floor of the corridors (301) with the ground of the prismatic container (300) before assembling the front and rear panels (7.2) closing the corridor (301). 14. Modular construction method for multifunctional spaces, according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that it comprises the step of assembling the mountable and removable panels (5.1, 6.1, 6.2) of the side walls of one of the prismatic containers (300 ) attached to the corridor (301) as ceiling panels (7.1), or as front and rear panels (7.2) for closing the corridor or as panels (7.3) for the vertical elevation of the roof panels (7.1) providing light and ventilation to the modular construction or as a roof (7.4) of an external pergola (40) to the prismatic containers (300).