ES2705601T3 - Installation with a processing chamber for work pieces - Google Patents

Abstract

Installation (1, 2001) with a processing chamber (5, 2005), which comprises an interior space (39) configured in the form of a tunnel, which has a base (41), as well as an upper part (6), with a housing area (15, 2015a, 2015b, 2016) for work pieces (3, 2003), and which has an opening (12, 14, 2015, 2017) for the supply or evacuation of work pieces (3, 2003), with a device (17, 19, 25, 29, 33, 37, 35, 2014) for the injection by blowing of gas-like fluid into the interior space (39), which has at least one nozzle (17 , 19, 2014) or a shutter (803) for the generation of a fluid current curtain (21, 23, 2021) between the opening (12, 14, 2015, 2017) and the housing area (15, 2015a, 2015b) for workpieces (3, 2003), with an installation (74, 2043) for the supply of fresh air, with which on the one hand away from the opening (12, 14, 2015, 2017), of the curtain of fluid flow (21, 23, 2021), fresh air can be introduced into the accommodation area (15, 2015a, 2015b), and with a pivoting driving contour (606) that penetrates the interior space (39); the at least one nozzle (17, 19) or plug (803) having a groove shape, which supplies the gas-shaped fluid from the top (6) with a flow direction (402) inclined with respect to the base (41), to the interior space (39), and the fluid being guided in the form of gas supplied to the interior space through the at least one nozzle (17, 19), by the conduction contour (606).

Description

DESCRIPTION

Installation with a processing chamber for work pieces

The invention relates to an installation with a processing chamber, which has an interior space with a housing for workpieces, and with an opening for the supply or evacuation of workpieces, and with a device for the injection by blowing gas fluid in the interior space, comprising at least one nozzle or a shutter for generating a curtain of fluid flow between the opening and the housing area for work pieces.

The document WO 2012/05634 A1, which forms only state of the art according to article 54 (3) of the CPE, describes an installation with a processing chamber with an interior space, in which there is a housing area for workpieces . The interior space has a high or reduced temperature with respect to the environment of the processing chamber. The processing chamber has an opening at least temporarily open towards the environment, for the supply or evacuation of work pieces. The installation comprises a device for injection by blowing gas-like fluid into the interior space with at least one nozzle, which provides a fluid flow, which is guided by a driving contour of a pivotable guide plate for the generation of a curtain of fluid flow between the opening and the housing area for workpieces in the interior space. The document WO 2012/05634 A1 does not disclose an installation for the supply of fresh air, with which fresh air can be introduced on the side away from the opening, from the curtain of fluid flow, into the housing area.

An installation is known from DE 24 54 091 A1, which has a processing chamber with an inlet opening and an outlet opening, in which there is correspondingly a curtain of fluid flow. In this case, the fluid flow curtain consists partly of fresh air, which can be accessed inside the processing chamber.

In WO 2010/122121 A1 there is described an installation for the drying of workpieces, which has a processing chamber for tempering workpieces, which is closed by an inlet opening and by an outlet opening with a curtain of fluid flow. In this case, the processing chamber is also fed with fresh air from the fluid flow curtain.

Also GB 2123936 A describes an installation for drying workpieces in a processing chamber, which obtains fresh air through a curtain of fluid flow from the inlet opening and from the outlet opening.

From US 1,606,442 A there is known an installation for the drying of vehicle bodies, which has a processing chamber, which is separated from the surroundings by means of a fluid curtain. The vehicle bodies dried in the installation in the processing chamber move when leaving the installation through this curtain of fluid flow. For the generation of the fluid flow curtain the installation has a shutter or a nozzle with a slit-shaped opening, which extends over the entire width of the processing chamber.

US 3,947,235 discloses a processing chamber and a method for drying freshly painted motor vehicle bodies, a curtain of fluid flow between openings being generated for the supply and evacuation of motor vehicle bodies to / from the processing chamber and a housing area for the motor vehicle bodies in the processing chamber.

In production plants for painting and coating vehicle bodies, drying facilities are used for the drying of bodies of freshly painted or coated vehicles for protection against corrosion. These drying facilities have a processing chamber configured as a drying tunnel, in which hot air is blown through. In the drying tunnel there is a drying zone. The drying zone is a housing area for work pieces in the form of vehicle bodies. In order to dry the vehicle bodies, they move on a transport device through the drying tunnel. The paint layer or the coating to be dried of the vehicle bodies can be negatively influenced by soiling, in particular dust particles. In addition, gas fluid can escape through the opening for the supply of the work pieces and, together with this, heat from the interior space.

It is the task of the invention to provide an installation with a processing chamber, which has an interior space with a housing for workpieces, which can be opened at least partially, in which case thermal separation is possible with simple means efficient of this interior space of the environment and in which case a supply of fresh air sufficient for the accommodation area can be guaranteed simultaneously.

This task is solved by an installation indicated in claim 1.

The term "fresh air" in this case means, in particular, air that has been previously compacted, heated and / or cleaned and / or thermally and / or mechanically dried with a filter, whose state parameters are correspondingly adjusted. Fresh air can also be, for example, exhaust air processed from a processing chamber. The fresh air can also be the exhaust gas of a heat engine or a combustion engine. By supplying fresh air to the housing area of the processing chamber, it can be ensured that the content of the solvent in the air does not exceed threshold values in the interior of the processing chamber during the drying of workpieces. which are negatively influenced by the drying processes and above which the combustible solvents of paints, varnishes, glues and / or coatings can cause explosions, because an explosion limit is exceeded.

The invention is based on the idea that at least one air curtain of a processing chamber fulfills a dual task in a drying installation: the fresh air supplied in the air curtains, which generates a curtain of fresh air, can serve on the one hand to separate the interior space in what refers to flow technique and / or thermally, the environment. On the other hand it can be achieved with the fresh air of the fresh air curtain, which in the case of the solvent agent released in the drying processes in the processing chamber, is sufficiently diluted, in that this fresh air is fed to the processing chamber.

Since the first task is independent of the load and the second dependent on the load, the inventors propose separating this double task from the air curtains. In this case, a volumetric flow of fluid guided to the processing chamber must be reduced or increased, depending on the load of the processing chamber. As fluids, in this case in particular fresh air and / or recycled exhaust air are taken into consideration. In the event that a flow of fresh air drawn to a processing chamber of a drying installation is heated to a dryer temperature, adapting the volumetric flow of fresh air to the load allows a temporary reduction of the fresh air volumetric flow to below its maximum value and thus a reduction in energy consumption.

The installation preferably contains for the supply of fresh air in the installation, at least one conduit communicating with the accommodation area, which has an opening for sucking fresh air and having a flow control installation. The flow control installation may comprise, for example, a butterfly valve and / or an adjustable blower.

The installation can in particular have a device for circulating fluid in the form of a gas in the housing area by means of a circulation air conduction system which communicates with the accommodation area, which is guided through an installation for quenching, in particular for heating gas-like fluid in the housing area. The fresh air supplied to the processing chamber can be fed in this case, for example, in front or also after a heat exchanger in the installation for quenching in the circulation air system. It is also possible, however, to feed the fresh air into a section of conduction of the circulation air conduction system, through which circulation air is guided from the processing chamber to the installation for tuning or through which access the tempered circulation air in the installation to temper the processing chamber.

The installation may also comprise an installation for supplying fresh air to the accommodation area, which has at least one line with an opening for sucking fresh air, which is connected to the circulation air system. In this case, a circulating air blower can be used economically in an alternating or simultaneous manner to the transport of fresh air. A flow control system is optionally provided in the circulation air system, the flow control system being arranged advantageously in a feed channel or in a return channel of the air supply system of the air flow system. circulation. A heat exchanger and / or a heating installation is also optionally provided in the circulation air system, transferring the heat exchanger inside the installation for the supply of fresh air to the accommodation area, preferably heat from a flow of exhaust gas to a flow of fresh air and a heating installation being preferably connected, for example, to a solar energy installation and / or to a gas burner.

The conduit with the opening for suction of fresh air can lead in particular to a feed channel or to a return channel in the circulation air system.

The installation may also contain an installation for supplying fresh air to the accommodation area, which has at least one line with an opening for sucking in fresh air, which is directly connected to the processing chamber.

The flow control device is preferably part of a control or regulation circuit (main), which feeds the housing area with conditioned fluid, in particular with fresh air and possibly with recycled processed exhaust air. The flow control system can be connected directly or indirectly to a control or regulation circuit, which comprises an installation for detecting a status parameter of the processing chamber and controlling or regulating the amount of air Fresh introduced into the accommodation area by installing flow control.

The processing chamber in the installation may comprise an installation for monitoring operation of the processing chamber, which is configured for the detection of a group status parameter indicated below:

i. Carbon content and / or solvent content of the atmosphere in the housing area;

ii. Quantity and / or weight and / or type and / or size of the surface of the work pieces arranged in the accommodation area;

iii. Quantity and / or weight and / or type and / or size of the surface of workpieces supplied to the accommodation area per unit of time;

iv. Exhaust air temperature of a burner in an installation to temper circulation air;

v. Fluid temperature difference in the form of a gas which is withdrawn from the housing area and which is supplied back to the housing area;

saw. Fluid temperature difference in the form of gas from the housing area which is supplied to a combustion chamber of a burner in an installation for tempering circulating air, and to exhaust air from the burner combustion chamber;

vii. Amount of heat per unit of time, which is supplied to the processing chamber.

The processing chamber in the installation can also be configured with a housing area that is divided into a first housing area and in an additional housing area, generating the device for injection by blowing gas-like fluid into the interior space, a curtain of fluid flow between the first housing area and the additional housing area.

The device for injection by blowing gas-like fluid into the interior space of the processing chamber comprises at least one nozzle or at least one shutter for the generation of a curtain of fluid flow between the opening and the accommodation area for work pieces. The at least one nozzle or the at least one shutter preferably serves as an outlet opening for air heated above the ambient temperature and / or compressed above ambient pressure (or for an inert gas correspondingly processed as CO2 or N2).

The processing chamber may contain, for example, gas fluid, whose temperature T is above 100 ° C and / or for which a temperature difference with respect to the environment of the processing chamber is more than 50 °. C. In an exemplary embodiment, fluid is introduced approximately perpendicular from top to bottom into the processing chamber. In another preferred embodiment, the incoming fluid through the nozzle has a temperature at a rate of more than 20 ° C higher or lower than that of the fluid contained in the processing chamber (practically at rest). Hereinafter, reference is made principally to a fixed or adjustable nozzle geometry, the invention being able to carry out the invention correspondingly also with one or more single shutters.

The interior space of the processing chamber has a configuration in the form of a tunnel. It has a base and an upper part. Inasmuch as the at least one nozzle is configured as a slot-shaped nozzle with an essentially rectangular exit cross-section, the gas-shaped fluid can be supplied through the upper part of the interior space with an inclined flow direction in relation with the base, in such a way that on the side facing the base or the inlet aperture, of the fluid flow curtain, an air stream vortex is configured, which is at least partially mixed with fluid injected by blowing. An idea of the invention is that the fluid flow curtain can be generated with a reduced energy effort when the gas-shaped fluid blown through the at least one nozzle into the interior space is guided by a driving contour , which enters the interior space. This driving contour can be pivoted. In this way it is possible to adjust the curtain of fluid flow in relation to the horizontal. Preferably, an angle of between 80 ° and 50 ° is set between the flow output direction and the horizontal direction.

When this angle between the flow-out direction and the horizontal direction is adjusted, the fluid-flow curtain generates at its lower side seen in the direction of flow, which is directed towards the base or towards an opening, a vortex of current. The fluid stream of the fluid flow curtain pushes against the gas fluid that is in the area of the base of the processing chamber. The fluid stream of the fluid flow curtain overlaps and mixes with fluid, which leaves the processing chamber in the area of the base. In particular, it can be achieved by pivoting the driving contour that the workpieces, when entering the processing chamber or when leaving, are not negatively influenced.

It is advantageous in particular when on the side facing the opening, of the driving contour, a wall is arranged, which defines together with the driving contour, a diffuser, which comprises a mixing chamber.

In relation to the central current direction of the gas fluid of the at least one nozzle, the diffuser has an asymmetric configuration. The mixing chamber in the diffuser is arranged on the side, seen in the direction of flow, of the stream of fluid projecting from the nozzle, which is directed downwards.

The mixing chamber is positioned in the diffuser in such a way that the fluid is mixed on one side directed towards the opening (ie, from the interior space of the processing chamber towards the outside), of the fluid flow curtain, with air from the opening area. The air is sucked in here by the fluid in the form of gas, which flows through the nozzle or plug, into the vortex.

The wall may have one or more openings for the passage of circulating air in the area of the opening. As far as, on the one hand, away from the mixing chamber, from the conduction contour, an adjacent chamber is configured which acts as a "dead space" for fluid in the form of a gas, it can be ensured that the flow of fluid in the form of gas that exits The nozzle or plug is guided along the driving contour without interruption of the current. In the "dead space" preferentially lower current speeds prevail than outside the dead space. By arranging an additional deflector flap in the mixing chamber, large amounts of fluid can be drawn back from the current whirl to the fluid flow curtain.

Insofar as on the side directed towards the entry opening, of the deflecting flap, a front wall is arranged, which defines with the driving contour a retention space, the circulating air of the area of the entrance opening, which deviates in the area of the deflecting flap toward an edge area of the interior space, may be retained before an exit to the exterior.

The front wall advantageously has one or several openings for the passage of circulating air from the area of the inlet opening. The at least one nozzle may have an installation for adjusting the amount of fluid flow passing through the nozzle. Inasmuch as several nozzles are provided with an installation for adjusting the amount of fluid flow passing through the nozzle, the fluid flow curtain between the inlet opening and the housing for workpieces can be adjusted differently in different sections.

The device for the injection by blowing of fluid in the form of a gas can have a heating device for heating the fluid in the form of a gas. In this way it can be achieved that condensed water, for example, is not condensed in the area of openings in the processing chamber. The processing chamber is suitable for use in a drying and / or setting facility. In particular, the processing chamber can be integrated into a paint installation.

In the processing chamber, the curtain of fluid flow is generated with fluid in the form of gas, which is applied by pressure and is guided through a nozzle. In this case, air is mixed in the mixing chamber arranged next to the nozzle in the region of an opening in the processing chamber with the gas-like fluid exiting the nozzle. The gas-like fluid passing through the nozzle is guided along a conduction contour that limits the mixing chamber. This driving contour separates the mixing chamber from an adjacent chamber which acts as a dead space for gas-like fluid, arranged next to it.

The processing chamber can be operated in particular in such a way that a stream of gas-like fluid guided through a nozzle is choked or interrupted for the generation of a curtain of fluid flow between the opening and the housing area for parts. of working and / or in which case the direction of the fluid flow curtain is modified when a work piece moves through the opening. This ensures that the fluid flow curtain does not damage the surface of the workpiece liner, which moves in and out of the processing chamber.

In the following, the invention will be explained in greater detail by means of the exemplary embodiments represented schematically in the drawing.

They show:

Fig. 1 a first drying installation for vehicle bodies;

Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of a lock of the drying installation;

Fig. 3 a three-dimensional view of the lock;

Fig. 4 the current conditions for air in the area of the lock;

Fig. 5 a longitudinal section of an additional lock for a drying installation;

Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, as well as Fig. 8 sections of additional longitudinal sections of alternative embodiments for locks in a drying installation;

Fig. 9 a cross section of a drying tunnel in a drying installation;

Fig. 10 a longitudinal section of an additional lock;

Fig. 11 a second drying installation for vehicle bodies; Y

Fig. 12 to Fig. 19 other installations with alternative construction for the drying of work pieces. The installation 1 shown in Fig. 1 for the drying of eg metal workpieces, is configured in particular for vehicle bodies 3. The installation 1 comprises a processing chamber configured as drying tunnel 5. Through the tunnel of the vehicle bodies 3, which are mounted on sliding devices 7, can be moved by means of a transport device 9. The transport device has an electric drive 10. The drying tunnel 5 is covered with sheet metal. It has an inlet lock 11 with an inlet opening 12 and an outlet lock 13 with an outlet opening 14. The drying tunnel 5 comprises a drying zone 15, which is located between the inlet lock 11 and the lock of exit 13. The drying zone 15 is a housing area for work pieces. The drying zone 15 is preferably configured in such a way that about 15 vehicle bodies 3 freshly coated with a paint and / or with a solvent-containing substrate can be dried more or less simultaneously therein. For this, the drying section 15 is configured, for example, with a length L = 40 m, a practicable width b with 1.40 m <b <2.70 m and a practicable height h with 2.00 <h <2.60 m . In a particularly preferred embodiment, it results with a pitch of 5.2 m, thirty units per hour and 0.5 hours of dwell time, a tunnel length of 78 m (external width b: 3 m to 4.6 m, height h external: 2.8 m to 3.3 m). By means of an installation 70 for the provision of fluid in the form of a conditioned gas, the drying section 15 is supplied with fluid for drying.

The installation 70 preferably comprises a circulation air conduction system 72 communicating with the drying area 15. The circulation air conduction system 72 communicates with the accommodation area 15 and has a feed channel 75 which acts as a circulation air return suction channel and has a return channel 77, which serves as a circulation air feedback channel for the circulation air feedback. The circulation air conduction system 72 is guided through a heating installation 63. In the installation 70 there is a fan 61 with which air is blown in to blow dry. With the installation 70, the air in the drying zone 15 can be maintained in an operating state of circulating air at a defined temperature.

The installation 1 also preferably comprises an installation 74 and alternatively or additionally an installation 74 'for the supply of fluid in the form of also also fresh conditioned air. The installation 74, 74 'has an installation 76, 76' with an opening 78, 78 'for the aspiration of fresh air. In conduit 76, 76 'there is a flow control device 80, 80', which is configured as a throttle valve. The conduit 76, 76 'is advantageously connected to the circulation air guide system 72. In order to evacuate from the fluid atmosphere in the drying tunnel 5 the solvent that evaporates from paint, glues or coatings of the bodies. of vehicle 3, there is in the installation 1 a conduit 65, or also several conduits, for exhaust air, through which air charged with solvent agent can be supplied from the drying tunnel 5 to a cleaning reactor 67.

In the inlet lock 11 and the outlet lock 13 of the drying tunnel 5 there is respectively a nozzle 17, 19 for the generation of a fluid flow curtain 21, 23. The nozzles 17, 19 are fed through a fan which acts as a compressor, for fresh air 25, 27, through a chamber 29, 31 disposed on the upper part 6 of the drying tunnel 5, with fresh air. The nozzles 17, 19 preferably have an opening 33, 35 in the form of a narrow slot, which extends essentially over the width of the drying tunnel 5 or through the width of the inlet or outlet openings 12, 14. The opening 33, 35, in the form of a groove, of the nozzles 17, 19 opens into the interior space 39 of the drying tunnel 5. The fluid exiting the nozzles 17, 19 is guided through a diffuser 16, 18 to the interior space of the tunnel. drying 5. The diffuser 16, 18 extends in front of the nozzles 17, 19 by the width of the inlet or outlet opening 12, 14. The diffuser 16, 18 is configured in relation to the direction of the current curtain of fluid 21, 23, asymmetrically, and is limited by a baffle plate with a guide contour 211 and a front wall 215. The fluid exiting the nozzles 17, 19 is guided by the guide contour 211 of the baffle plate into the interior space of the drying tunnel. For an advantageous possible detection of the temperature T of the fluid supplied to the interior space 39 through the nozzles 17, 19, there is a temperature sensor 69, 71 in the line contour 211.

The fluid flow curtain 21, 23 preferably extends respectively at an angle of 50 ° <a <80 ° with respect to the horizontal 37. It is directed towards the interior space 39 of the drying tunnel 5. Fluid flow As it increases from the opening of the opening 33, 35 of the nozzles 17, 19, the velocity of the fresh air flow decreases as the nozzles 17, 19 expand in this case towards the base 41 of the drying tunnel 5. forms the fluid flow curtain 21, 23 as fluid in the form of a gas. The fluid flow curtain 21, 23 separates the gas atmosphere in the interior space 39 of the drying tunnel 5 from the ambient air 42. By a control arrangement 45, 47 the flow of fluid exiting the nozzles 17 is adjusted. , 19, to a predetermined form.

For the detection of the concentration of solvent in the gas atmosphere of the drying tunnel 5 there is disposed in the drying zone 15 a solvent agent sensor 73. Alternatively or additionally, a solvent sensor sensor of this type may be arranged in the exhaust air channel 65. The gas-shaped fluid in the form of air supplied to the nozzles 17, 19 is pre-heated in a heating installation 43, 44 to a desired process temperature Tteor, which is preferably in a temperature range of 160 ° C <Tteor <250 ° C. Insofar as the fluid flow curtain 21, 23 consists of fresh air, it can be ensured that a lower explosion limit for organic solvent agents is not exceeded in the drying zone 15 of the drying tunnel 5. The prior heating of the supplied fluid it results in no condensate being generated in the inlet lock 11 and in the outlet lock 13 of the drying tunnel 5.

To ensure that the explosion limit in the drying zone 15 is respected, fresh air can be introduced through the installation 74 or 74 'in the drying section 15 if necessary.

To adjust the amount of fresh air supplied through the installation 74 or 74 'in the drying tunnel 5, the control device 45 is connected to the flow control device 80. With the control device 45 it is adjusted fresh air supplied through line 76 or 76 'to a predetermined value. The adjustment of the supply of fresh air occurs in this case depending on the amount detected by a sensor 49, 51 as a parameter of operating status of the processing chamber, of the vehicle bodies moved per unit of time through the drying zone 15 of the drying tunnel 5 and / or due to the signals of the temperature sensors 69, 71 and / or of the solvent agent sensor 73 and / or of one or more operating state parameters of the drying chamber. additional processing, which provide information on the composition of the gas atmosphere in the drying tunnel 5 and thereby enable the determination of the fresh air demand in the handling of the drying tunnel 5. The supply of fresh air is adjusted in this in such a way that during operation of the installation 1 the so-called lower explosion limit of the composition of the gas atmosphere in the drying tunnel 5 is not exceeded.

To detect operating state parameters of the processing chamber, in a modified embodiment of the installation 1 alternatively to the sensor 49, a light barrier can be provided for the determination of the quantity of the vehicle bodies moved by the vehicle. unit of time through the drying tunnel 5. Alternatively or additionally to the sensor 49 it is also possible for this to equip the installation with a measuring device, with which the weight of the vehicle bodies 3 supplied to the tunnel can be determined. drying 5 and / or providing an installation, with which the size of the surface provided with a surface coating can be detected, of the vehicle bodies 3. In addition, the installation 1 can also be equipped with an installation for the detection of a digital code, for example, a bar code, arranged on pieces of work, for example, bodies Vehicle 3 or also on a sliding device 7, which contains digital information on the size and nature of a surface coating applied on a work piece, for example on a vehicle body 3 or on a certain type of piece of work.

In an installation according to the invention, the determination of the fresh air demand of the processing chamber, in particular of a drying tunnel for vehicle bodies, can be carried out by means of a predefined type of a workpiece, for example of the Following way:

The mass and quantity of the workpieces present in the processing chamber or on the way to the processing chamber are determined by means of a mass detection system and a piece quantity detection system. For each of the measurement values of the mass of a workpiece taking into account oscillations to be expected, taken into account due to the workpieces treated in the installation, a type is stored in the control device 45 in this case of work piece. From the type of workpiece determined in the control installation 45, the size of the painted surface of that workpiece can then be concluded in the control installation 45. From the corresponding value for the size of the surface can then be set through the amount of solvent agent released by this surface, a demand for fresh air from the processing chamber, which is necessary so that for example, the proportion of Flammable solvent agent in the gas atmosphere of the processing chamber 15 is kept below the explosion limit.

According to the invention, the installation is then concluded from the mass determined with the mass determination device, from a workpiece, a specific workpiece, that is to say a certain type of workpiece. For the specific workpiece a quantity of paint or coating applied on it is then assumed and from this amount of paint or coating assumed is then concluded an amount of solvent incorporated in the paint applied to the workpiece or the coating applied on it.

In combination with the number of parts of the corresponding workpieces in the processing chamber, a quantity of total solvent can be determined, which is introduced during the drying of workpieces in the processing chamber. From this, the demand for fresh air for the processing chamber can then be determined to handle it below the explosion limit.

Reference is made to the fact that an installation for the determination of the mass and the number of pieces of workpieces can be configured according to the invention, for example as a weighing installation, with which the quantity of the weighing processes is determined.

In order to cope with the thermal inertia of the overall system, it is advantageous to arrange an installation for the detection of a workpiece parameter in front of the processing chamber. In the remaining time until the introduction of a workpiece into the processing chamber, a desired processing temperature can then be set, for example through the amount of fresh air introduced in the processing chamber, into the processing chamber and / or a desired composition of the gas atmosphere.

It is also indicated that the thermal inertia of an installation as described above is determined essentially by the thermal capacity of the processing chamber and by the magnitude of the quantities of air supplied to it or evacuated from it.

Inasmuch as the aforementioned installations are linked with the control installation 45, it is possible to control or regulate the composition of the gas atmosphere by adjusting the supply of fresh air in correspondence with the needs of the vehicle bodies 3 arranged in the drying tunnel 5, taking into account in patriculating the content of solvent agent in the surface coating of vehicle bodies 3.

The installation 1 can operate in this way for example in the following operating states:

Operating status 1:

With the fluid flow curtain 21, 23 a volumetric flow of constant fresh air is supplied in the inlet or outlet locks 11, 13, which not only ensures sufficient insulation of the interior space 39, but also a sufficient dilution of the solvent agent content in the atmosphere of the drying zone 15. The drying tunnel 5 is requested in this case independently of the load, with the volumetric flow rate that is required for the amount of solvent supplied in case of full charge.

Operating status 2:

With the fluid flow curtain 21, 23 a volumetric flow of constant fresh air is provided in the inlet or outlet locks 11, 13, which ensures sufficient isolation of the interior space 39. To ensure a sufficient dilution of the content of solvent agent in the atmosphere of the drying zone 15 is supplied by the installation 74 additional fresh air. The amount of fresh air supplied with the installation 74 is adjusted with the control device 45 and changes with the load of the installation 1. When fresh air is supplied to the drying zone 15, it must be evacuated from the drying tunnel 5 simultaneously a corresponding quantity of exhaust air through the line 65, so that the installation 1 is balanced and in the drying tunnel 5 there are no overpressures or negative pressures.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the inlet lock 11 of the drying installation 1 of Fig. 1. The nozzle 17 in the inlet lock 11 is a slot nozzle. The fresh air heated in the heating installation 44 is supplied to the nozzle 17 through a pipe 201. The pipe 201 opens into a chamber 203. In the chamber 203 the fresh air is guided through air filters 205. and a carcass ply 206 disposed in an inclined manner towards the nozzle 17. In the lock 11 there is a guide plate 207. The guide plate 207 is fixedly connected with the carcass ply 206. The guide plate 207 and the housing plate 206 can be pivoted in the lock 11 around a pivot axis 208 in the direction of the arrow 214. The pivoting of the guide plate 207 with the housing plate 206 opens an access to the filter 205 so that they can be carried out there maintenance work. The nozzle 17 has a slit-like opening 209. The slot-like opening 209 of the nozzle 17 is disposed in relation to the upper part 6 of the drying tunnel 5 in a retracted manner. This also allows that in the case of high flow velocities of a stream of fluid exiting the nozzle 17, negative influences and damages of a not yet dried coating of vehicle bodies, which move through the inlet lock 11, can be avoided. into the drying tunnel 5. It is important to avoid this kind of damage a comparatively large separation of the opening 209 of the nozzle 17 from the base 41 of the drying tunnel 5. This can be achieved by a retracted arrangement of the nozzle 17 in the drying tunnel 5. This ensures that the impulse of the fluid in the form of gas leaving the nozzle 17 is already so weakened in the center of the drying tunnel that the corresponding coatings of the vehicle bodies 3 can no longer be damaged by the curtain of fluid flow 21.

The fluid flow 210 exiting the opening 209 of the nozzle 17 is guided along the contour 211 of a guide plate 207 which acts as a deflecting flap towards the interior of the drying tunnel 5. The length L of the contour 211 of the guide plate 207 preferably corresponds to 20 to 40 times the slot width B of the nozzle opening 209.

On the side facing the inlet opening 213 of the drying tunnel 5, of the contour 211, there is a front wall 215. The front wall 215 extends the width of the lock 11. The front wall 215 delimits the contour 211, a first element 212 and the outline 211 of the guide plate 207 the diffuser 16. The diffuser 16 is configured in relation to the main flow plane 202 of the fluid, which leaves the nozzle 17, asymmetrically. The main flow plane 202 and the contour of the guide plate 211 are arranged with the angle $ between each other. The section of the diffuser 16, located on the side facing the front wall 215, of the plane 204 symmetrical with respect to the contour of the guide plate 211 in relation to the main flow plane 202 and enclosing with the contour of the driving plate 211 the angle 2 $, acts as a mixing chamber 217 for gas-shaped fluid 219. The mixing chamber 217 is disposed in relation to the upper part 6 of the drying tunnel 5 in a retracted manner. The diffuser 16 with the mixing chamber 217 is located in the lock 11 above the inlet opening 213. The mixing chamber 217 is next to the inlet opening 213. The guide plate with the contour 211 separates the chamber from mixing 217 of an adjacent chamber 216. The adjacent chamber 216 opens towards the interior 39 of the drying tunnel 5. The adjacent chamber 216 forms a dead space for air of the drying tunnel 5. The adjacent chamber on the rear side of the sheet The driving contour configured with the conduction contour 211 causes the fluid flow 210 to be guided by the conduction contour 211 due to the Coanda effect without interruption of the current.

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional view of the inlet lock 11 of Fig. 2. The slot-like opening 209 of the nozzle 17 extends over the entire width of the inlet opening 213 of the drying tunnel 5. The slot-shaped opening 209 of the nozzle 17 is in this case so narrow that the flow of fluid leaving the nozzle 17 forms a curtain of fluid flow through a wide flow area with different output speeds. This fluid flow in particular prevents an entry of dirt particles 301 from the environment of the drying system 1 shown in FIG. 1 into the drying tunnel 5.

Fig. 4 shows with arrows the flow conditions for the air in the inlet lock 11 in the plane of a longitudinal section of the drying tunnel 5 of Fig. 1. The fresh air supplied to the drying tunnel 5 through the slot-shaped nozzle 17 gives rise on the outlet side of the nozzle 17 to a curtain of fluid flow 401. Starting from the opening 209 of the nozzle 17, the fluid curtain 401 extends from fresh air which flows in the direction of the arrows 402 in the form of a curved arm 403 towards the base 41 of the entry lock 11. The arm 403 has a thickness D at the height H of the center of the entry lock 11, which is determined by the width B of the opening 209 of the nozzle 17. On the side facing the inlet opening 213 of the drying tunnel 5, of the fluid flow curtain 401, fresh air leaving the nozzle 17 generates a whirlwind of 407 air stream. In the current whirlpool 407 the air flows with a flow direction indicated by the arrows 406, around a center 409. The air in the area of the center 409 essentially has no movement. The air circulated in the current swirl 407 is at least partially mixed with the fresh air blown through the nozzle 17. The current swirl 407 extends from the base 41 to the top 6 of the lock of entry 11.

A diffuser 16 is formed by the guide plate 211 on the one hand, as well as by the front plate 215, which is arranged on the side directed towards the entry opening 213, of the guide plate 211, on the other hand. The diffuser 16 accommodates in this case within its mixing chamber 217 preferably a part of the air that is circulated in the current whirlpool 407. In the mixing chamber 217 this air is entrained and mixed in part by the fluid in the form of gas that leaves the opening 209 of the nozzle 17, in the manner of a Venturi effect. This increases the volumetric flow rate of the fluid flow curtain 401 in the region of the arrows 402. The volumetric flow rate of the fluid flow curtain 401 can thus be 30% or more in fluid in the form of gas, which is supplied to the fluid stream leaving the nozzle 17 through the mixing chamber 217. This has the consequence that also with a comparatively small amount of fresh air injected by blowing can generate a current curtain of fluid 401 extending to base 41 of drying tunnel 5.

The air in the mixing chamber 217 is thus fed back to the current swirl 407. This process results in only a reduced proportion of the gas-like fluid supplied through the nozzle 17 to the interior space 39 of the tunnel The drying tunnel 5 again leaves the drying tunnel 5 through the opening 213 of the lock 11. The fluid in the form of the gas leaving the nozzle 17 thus acquires most of it in correspondence with the direction of the arrows 408 inside the drying tunnel 5. By means of the gas-like fluid exiting the nozzle 17, an air barrier circulated in the current swirl 407 is generated in the area of the opening 213 of the lock 11. This barrier results in a thermal separation of the interior space 39 of the drying tunnel 5 from the outer zone. This barrier also prevents the introduction of dust and dirt particles into the interior space 39 of the drying tunnel 5.

Fig. 5 shows a modified embodiment of a lock 501 for a drying installation. The lock 501 has a nozzle 503 for the supply of fresh air with a modified nozzle geometry in comparison with the lock 11 of Fig. 1. The nozzle 503 is a dual chamber nozzle. The nozzle 503 has a slit-like opening 505 in the form of a slot and a slit-like opening 507 in the form of a groove, which extends respectively over the entire width of the upper part 509 of the inlet lock 501. The nozzle 503 comprises a pivotable control valve 511. The control valve 511 can be moved by a spindle drive not shown in greater detail. For the movement of the control valve, however, an adjustment mechanism with shaft or also a pulling cable is also adapted. By pivoting the control valve 511 fresh air supplied to the nozzle 503 through the chamber 513 can optionally be conducted through the nozzle opening 507, the nozzle opening 509 or through the openings nozzle 507, 509 simultaneously. This makes it possible to dose the air stream coming out of the nozzle openings 507, 509. It is possible, for example, by means of the control valve 511 to vary the air flow of the nozzle 503 in correspondence with the position of the vehicle bodies in the region of the vehicle. the entrance opening of a drying tunnel. With this measure it can be achieved that a paint layer applied to a vehicle body is not negatively influenced by the fluid flow formed by fresh air from the nozzle 503. In addition, the thickness D of the motor can be adjusted with the control valve 511. curtain of fluid flow and with it the quantity and / or the speed of the fresh air supplied to the interior of the drying tunnel.

In the case of a modified configuration of the inlet lock 501, there can also be provided a nozzle with several nozzle openings and with several control valves for adjusting a stream of fresh air for a drying tunnel.

Fig. 6 shows a section of an alternative embodiment for a lock 601 with a nozzle 603, to configure an air curtain in the entrance or exit area of a drying installation.

To the nozzle 603 there is assigned in the lock 601 a guide plate 605 acting as a deflecting fin, preferably pivotably arranged. The guide plate optionally has a curved outer contour at least in sections. In particular, it extends over the entire width of the nozzle 603. The pivoting guide plate 605 in the opening 607 of the nozzle 603 is housed in the upper part 608 of the lock 601 pivotally in a rotary articulation 615. The pivoting guide plate 605 penetrates the interior 611 of the lock 601. The length L of the contour of the guide plate 605 approximately corresponds to 20 to 40 times the width of the slot B of the nozzle opening. On the opposite side of the pivoting guide plate 605, a front wall 609 is disposed in the lock 601. The pivoting guide plate 605 and the front wall 609 together with a first element 612 also define a diffuser with a camera 613. Due to the pivotability of the guide plate 605, the geometry of the diffuser and of the mixing chamber 613 can be modified in the lock 601.

For the pivoting, an adjustment drive, not shown in more detail, is assigned to the guide plate 605. By pivoting the guide plate 605 in correspondence with the double arrow 617 it is possible to adjust an angle of adjustment p relative to the horizontal 616 and thereby the direction of a fluid flow curtain generated with gas-like fluid. the nozzle 603, in the lock 601. By means of the pivoting the guide plate 605 is moved, by which the fluid is guided in the form of gas leaving the nozzle 607. In this way the shape of the current vortex can be modified, which is configured due to the fluid projecting from the nozzle 603 on the side facing the opening 619 of the lock 601, of the guide plate 605. As soon as the guide plate 605 is pivoted towards the upper part 608 of the lock 601 , a comparatively flat entry of fluid in the form of gas into the lock may result. By means of the ascending and descending movement of the guide plate 605, the flow direction of the fluid leaving the nozzle can be adapted to the position and geometry of vehicle bodies, which move through the lock 601 towards the interior of the tunnel. of drying. In this way it is achieved that the fluid leaving the nozzle is not diverted by the vehicle bodies towards the opening 619 and that a layer of paint applied on vehicle bodies, to be dried in the drying tunnel, is not exposed blown and is thus damaged in the drying tunnel.

Fig. 7 shows a section of another alternative embodiment for a lock 701 with a nozzle 703, to configure an air curtain in the entrance or exit area of a drying installation. The nozzle 703 opens into a diffuser section, which joins the narrowed cross section of the nozzle and thereby widens the cross section of flow for the fluid. The nozzle 703 with attached diffuser section thus has a flow channel 704 whose cross-section extends inwardly 711 from the lock 701 to a volume that acts as a diffuser, in which a mixing chamber 713 is located.

The structure of the lock 701 also corresponds to that of the lock 601 of FIG. 6. The corresponding construction assemblies of the locks 601 and 701 are therefore indicated in FIG. 7 with, in FIG. comparison with Fig. 6, major references by number 100. Unlike the front wall 609 of the lock 601 of Fig. 6, the lock 701 has a front wall 709 with one or more air inlet openings of the environment. The front wall 709 preferably has apertures in the form of perforation type sieve. This measure also allows the aspiration of air from an upper zone 721 of the environment of the lock 701. The air thus sucked in the lock 701 is preferably mixed with air from a current whirl, which is formed in the opening of the air. the lock Next, the aspirated air and a part of the air from the current whirlpool are mixed with the fluid stream leaving the diffuser.

Fig. 8 shows a section of another alternative embodiment for a lock 801 with a shutter 803 having an opening 804 for configuring an air curtain in the entrance or exit area of a drying installation. The structure of the lock 801 corresponds to that of the lock 701 of Fig. 7. The interlocking constructional assemblies of the locks 701 and 801 are thus indicated in Fig. 8 with, in comparison with the Fig. 7, major references by reason of the number 100. The front wall 809, the first element 812 and the guide plate 805 here also delimit a diffuser, which comprises a mixing chamber. Unlike the front wall 709 of the lock 701 of FIG. 7, the front wall 809 of the lock 801 It is configured with a recess 816. This measure also makes it possible to absorb air from an upper area 821 of the environment of the lock 801 in the current whirl generated by the shutter 803 in the opening of the lock.

Fig. 9 shows a cross section of an inlet or outlet lock 901 of a drying tunnel 900 in a drying installation with a vehicle body 912. The lock 901 has nozzles 903, 905, 907 in the form of slots, which are in the upper part 910 of the lock 901. The nozzles 903, 905, 907 can be ordered through a device for the supply of fresh air not shown in greater detail with a fresh air flow 909. In the lock 901 there are control valves, by means of which the fresh air stream 909 can be divided into different channels 911, 913 and 915 for the separate solicitation of the nozzles 903, 905 and 907 with fresh air.

This measure allows the adjustment of a curtain of fluid flow 917 in the openings of a drying tunnel, which can be adjusted in dependence on the passage of work pieces, for example vehicle bodies, differently through the width B of The opening.

Fig. 10 shows a longitudinal section of another lock 1011 for a drying tunnel in an installation for the drying of metal workpieces. In correspondence with FIG. 4, the flow conditions of the air in the lock 1011 are also indicated here by arrows. The fresh air supplied to the drying tunnel through the slot-shaped nozzle 1017 results on the outlet side of the nozzle 1017 to a fluid flow curtain 1401.

Starting from an opening 1209 of the nozzle 1017, the fluid flow curtain 1401 (preferably fresh air flowing from the direction of the arrows 1402) in the form of a more or less curved arm 1403 in the direction of a base 1041 of the lock 1011. On the one hand directed towards the entrance opening 1213 of the lock 1011, of the fluid flow curtain 1401, the fresh air coming out of the nozzle 1017 generates a vortex of air stream 1407. In the current whirlpool 1407 the air flows with a flow direction indicated by the arrows 1406, around a center 1409. The air in the center area 1409 is essentially motionless. The air circulated in the current whirlpool 1407 is at least partially mixed with the fresh air blown through the nozzle 1017. The current whirl 1407 extends from the base 1041 to the upper part 1006 of the lock of entry 1011.

The lock 1011 has on the side directed towards the entrance opening 1213 of a conduit plate 1211 having a conduction contour, a main wall 1215 in the form of an arch. The guide plate 1211 and the main wall 1215 delimit and surround in sections a diffuser 1210 with a mixing chamber 1217 open downwards. In the diffuser 1210 there is positioned in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 10 a flow guide element 1218 in the form of a "flow fin", which extends, like the opening 1009 of the nozzle 1017, preferably by the entire width of the lock 1011. The guide plate 1211 separates the diffuser 1210 from an adjacent chamber 1216. The adjacent chamber 1216 acts as a dead space for air, in which lower flow rates are given than in the rest of the lock (with the exception of the center of rotation 1409 of the current whirlwind that can essentially be ignored).

In the base 1041 of the lock 1011, a silhouette wall 1220 is disposed in the area of the opening 1213. The silhouette wall 1220 serves in particular as a current barrier or as a flow guide element on the base side. The silhouette wall 1220 preferably consists of a steel for springs or other steels resistant to temperature and / or corrosion. The silhouette wall 1220 can be pivoted or folded about an axis (horizontal) 1222 in correspondence with the arrow 1224.

The mixing chamber 1217 accommodates in this case according to the invention a small part of the air that is circulated in the current whirlpool 1407. In the mixing chamber 1217 this air is deflected with the flow fin 1218 due to a Venturi effect towards the fluid in the form of gas leaving the opening 1209 of the nozzle 17. It is carried by the fluid in the form of a gas. This increases the volumetric flow rate of the fluid flow curtain 1401 in the area of the arrows 1402. The volumetric flow rate of the fluid flow curtain 1401 can thus consist in a large part in fluid in the form of a gas, which It is supplied to the fluid stream of the nozzle 1017 through the mixing chamber 1217. As a result, a fluid curtain 1401 extending to a comparatively small amount of fresh air blown can also be generated. the base 1041 of the drying tunnel.

The air in the mixing chamber 1217 is thus supplied back to the current whirlpool 1407. This process results in only a small part of the gas-like fluid supplied through the nozzle 1017 to the interior space 1039 of the tunnel The drying agent is again drawn through the opening 1213 of the lock 1011 of the drying tunnel. The fluid in the form of a gas leaving the nozzle 1017 thus reaches most of it in correspondence with the direction of the arrows 1408 inside the drying tunnel. The gas-shaped fluid exiting the nozzle 1017 is generated in the area of the opening 1213 of the lock 1011 with air that is circulated in the current whirlpool 1407, which thermally separates the interior space 1039 from the drying tunnel. It also prevents the introduction of dust and dirt particles into the drying tunnel. The silhouette wall 1220 at the base 1041 of the lock 1011 results in the current whirlpool 1407 is comparatively narrow. Only when a workpiece moves in the drying tunnel is the silhouette wall folded in correspondence with the arrow 1220 temporarily in the direction of the base 1041. It is indicated that alternatively or additionally a wall of a collapsible silhouette can be arranged correspondence with the silhouette wall 1220 also in the upper area of the entrance opening.

The installation 2001 shown in Fig. 11 for the drying of vehicle bodies 2003 has a processing chamber in the form of a drying tunnel 2005. The drying tunnel 2005 is configured with an entry lock 2011, an intermediate lock 2012 and an exit lock 2013. In the 2005 drying tunnel the 2012 intermediate airlock separates a first drying section 2015a from another drying section 2015b as accommodation areas for the motor vehicle bodies, to which it joins as another area of accommodation for motor vehicle bodies a maintenance area 2016, which is arranged in front of the exit lock 2013.

The structure of the locks 2011 and 2013 corresponds to the structure of the entrance or exit locks 11, 13 of the installation 1 for drying shown in Fig. 1. In at least one lock 2011, 2013 there is a nozzle 2014 for the generation of a curtain of fluid flow 2021 of fresh air, which has an inclined orientation towards the interior of the drying tunnel 2005. One or several nozzles 2014 are combined with a diffuser 2018, in particular the diffuser is arranged next to the outlet of nozzle and has an asymmetric configuration with respect to a mainstream plane through the corresponding nozzle. By means of an asymmetric diffuser in the nozzles of the entrance and exit locks 2011, 2013 can be generated on one side directed towards the opening 2015, 2017 of the drying tunnel 2005, of the curtain of fluid flow, correspondingly a vortex of current of air, consisting on the one hand of injected fluid by blowing through a 2019 conduit through the 2014 nozzles and into the surrounding air at the 2015, 2017 openings. The 2012 intermediate airlock has a 2009 nozzle, which generates a curtain of fluid flow 2020.

An example of a modified embodiment of the installation 2001 can also be carried out without asymmetric diffusers in the nozzles, for example when reduced requirements are required for the tightness of the locks. For example, a mechanical closure of the corresponding locks may also be provided.

The installation 2001 comprises a heating installation 2023 configured as an installation for the cleaning of thermal exhaust air, with a line 2025 for supplying hot pure gas from the drying tunnel 2005 and a heat exchanger 2027, which serves for the exhaust air heating of the drying tunnel 2005. The exhaust air of the drying tunnel 2005 heated in the heat exchanger 2027 can be burned in a combustion chamber 2029 of the heating installation 2023 with or without the addition of additional fuel.

The heating installation 2023 heat-feeds several thermal transfer installations 2031, 2033, 2035, 2037 through a hot gas line 2036 that acts as a pure gas conduit. The thermal transfer devices 2031, 2033 and 2035 are in this case coupled in a row one after the other with the hot gas line 2036. The thermal transfer systems 2031, 2033 and 2035 are in this case preferably used for the most part. measure in the same way. The installation 2037 comprises an air / air heat exchanger and is coupled as the last of the heat transfer facilities with the hot gas line 2036. The installation 2037 serves to quench the fresh air, which is guided to the nozzles 2014 to the generation of the 2021 fluid stream curtain of fresh air. The installations 2031, 2033 and 2035 respectively comprise a heat exchanger 2039 connected with a hot gas line 2038 to the hot gas line 2036 and are configured to circulate circulating air in the drying sections 2015a, 2015b and in the region of maintenance 2016. In the heat exchangers 2039 the circulation air is tempered, which is guided through a 2041 circulation air system that communicates with the accommodation areas 2015a, 2015b and 2016, with a channel of 2041a circulation air return suction for the extraction of circulation air from the 2005 drying tunnel and with a circulation air supply channel 2041b for the introduction of circulation air in the 2005 drying tunnel.

In the 2001 installation there are 2043 installations for the supply of additional fresh air in the accommodation areas of the drying tunnel 2005. The installations 2043 have pipes 2045, which communicate with a housing area in the drying tunnel 2005 and comprise an installation of flow control 2047 configured as butterfly valve.

Note that the flow control installation 2047 can alternatively or additionally be configured with a blower. Through pipes 2045, fresh air is guided to the circulation air system 2041 of the installations 2031, 2033, 2035 when the fresh air supplied through the nozzles 2014 to the 2005 drying tunnel is not enough to cover the demand of fresh air inside the drying tunnel. The installation 2001 comprises a control installation 2046. The control installation 2046 is connected to a first installation 2051 for the detection of a status parameter of the drying tunnel 2005 which acts as a processing chamber in the installation 2001. In the installation 2051 an adjustment of the butterfly valves 2052, 2055 is detected in the conduits 2038 for the hot gas conduction through the heat exchangers 2039 and an adjustment of the butterfly valves 2047 in the conduits 2045 for the supply of air cool through potentiometers or final switches. From this, a quantity of fluid supplied with the installations 2031, 2033, 2035 and 2037 to the drying tunnel 2005 can be determined per unit of time. In this way, an amount of heat supplied with the fluid can optionally be determined, when fluid temperatures are measured by means of temperature sensors assigned to the conduits of a circulation air system 2041 and a line 2045.

In addition, the control installation 2046 is connected to a second installation 2053 for the detection of a status parameter of the drying tunnel 2005 that acts as a processing chamber in the installation 2001. The installation 2053 is configured as a counting facility of bodies, with which the quantity of the bodies of motor vehicle 2003 moved per unit of time in the tunnel of drying 2005 can be determined, and with it the quantity of the bodies of motor vehicle 2003 arranged in the tunnel of drying 2005 .

The control unit 2046 is also connected to a temperature sensor 2007 for detecting the temperature of hot gas Ta in the hot gas line 2036. The temperature sensor 2007 is used for measuring the temperature of the hot gas flowing to through the hot gas line 2036 on the outlet side of the thermal transfer system 2037, with which the hot gas from the installation 2001 is released as clean gas to the environment (clean gas above the ceiling temperature).

The control circuit 2046 is connected to a control module 2056 for adjusting the number of revolutions of a fan 2057 arranged in the line 2025 and another control module 2059 for adjusting the number of revolutions of a fan 2061, which serves for aspiration of fresh air towards the 2019 line to the 2009 nozzles that generate a curtain of fluid flow 2021 in the 2005 drying tunnel.

The flow control systems 2047 in the installations 2043 for the supply of fresh air and the number of revolutions of the fan 2057 are then adjusted by the control circuit 2046 depending on the value determined by the installation 2051 for the amount of heat supplied to the system. drying tunnel 2005 per unit of time and the amount determined by the 2053 installation of 2003 bodies arranged inside the 2005 drying tunnel.

By means of the ventilator 2061, fresh air is always supplied to the 2019 duct, so that the 2011, 2012 and 2013 locks are isolated by means of the fluid flow curtain 2021 generated with the 2009 nozzles.

Note that the control unit 2046 can basically also be configured as a control circuit. Note also that the supply of fresh air through the thermal transfer facilities 2031, 2033, 2035 in the drying tunnel 2005 can also be controlled or regulated with a 2046 control system, to which one or more of The measurement quantities listed below as operating camera parameters of the processing chamber for the 2001 installation:

Introduction of solvent agent in the atmosphere in the housing areas of the 2005 drying tunnel;

Total carbon content in the housing areas of the 2005 drying tunnel;

Quantity of the bodies arranged in the accommodation areas of the drying tunnel;

Temperature of the hot gas generated with the heating installation 2023 in the hot gas line 2036 behind the installation 2037 before an exhaust air chimney; Circulation air temperature difference before and after installations 2031, 2033 and 2035;

Difference of exhaust air temperature of the drying tunnel, which is supplied to an exhaust gas cleaning system, and of exhaust air, which leaves the exhaust gas cleaning installation through an exhaust air chimney. escape;

Weight of a body or size of a body surface requested with paint, to conclude a quantity of solvent agent therefrom.

It is advantageous when several measurement variables are combined in the control device 2046 as status parameters (operating camera parameters of the processing chamber). In this way, for example, a temperature above the ceiling of pure gas determined by the temperature sensor 2007 as a primary measuring variable and a setting of the throttle valves 2052, 2055 can also be determined for adjusting the flow of hot gas in the Hot gas pipes 2036, 2038 (pure gas valve position) as a secondary measuring variable. In this case, the primary measurement variable is used for the determination of a volumetric flow of fresh air - exhaust air and the secondary measurement variable for checking, confirming and / or possibly correcting this volumetric flow of fresh air - exhaust air .

After the determination of the volumetric flow rate of fresh air - exhaust air through the temperature above the ceiling of pure gas, a check of this current is then produced, for example, by the secondary measurement variable. The variable fresh air volumetric flow, for example, remains constant or rises for so long until the positions of all pure gas valve settings are again below a previously set value, when the position of the settings of the Pure gas valves exceeds the aforementioned fixed value, which depends on the global system and which can be between 50% and 100% degree of opening. With a combination of this type of several measuring quantities, it can be ensured in particular that a sufficient amount of heat is contained in the drying tunnel 2005 of the 2001 installation.

The 2001 installation can be handled in particular in the following way:

In a first mode of operation, which corresponds to a state of charge A of the installation 2001 of for example A <50% based on the maximum possible capacity of workpieces in the processing chamber configured as a drying tunnel, it is supplied a volumetric flow of constant fresh air through the locks 2011, 2012 and / or 2013. An additional supply of fresh air through the pipes 2045 into the processing chamber does not necessarily have to occur in this case.

In a second mode of operation, which corresponds to a load state A of the installation 2001 of for example 51% <A <90% referred to the maximum possible capacity of workpieces in the processing chamber configured as a drying tunnel , a volumetric flow of constant fresh air is supplied through the locks 2011, 2012 and / or 2013. Simultaneously it is introduced through openings of flow control installations 2047 configured as butterfly valves in the conduits 2045 through the heat exchanger installations 2031, 2033, 2035 and / or 2037 additional fresh air in the processing chamber.

In a third mode of operation, which corresponds to a state of charge of the installation 2001 of for example 91% <A <100% referred to the maximum possible capacity of workpieces in the processing chamber configured as a drying tunnel, a constant fresh air volumetric flow is supplied through the 2011, 2012 and / or 2013 locks, and the additional fresh air flow supplied in the thermal transfer facilities 2013, 2033, 2035 and / or 2037 continues to increase through an opening additional, in relation to the second mode of operation, of the flow control installations 2047.

Note that the installation 2001 can also operate in other modes of operation, in which the flow control installations 2047 have a different opening position in the lines 2045 in relation to the above-mentioned operating modes. In particular, a continuous modification of the mode of operation of the installation 2001 is also possible basically.

It is indicated in particular that the fresh air supply in the drying tunnel 2005 of the 2001 installation may also occur in places other than those shown in Fig. 11:

In an alternative configuration of the installation 2001, provision may be made, for example, for circulation areas and / or fresh air to be supplied to the accommodation areas 2015a, 2015b, 2016 of the drying tunnel 2005 through openings in the wall, in the part upper and / or at the base of the drying tunnel 2005. The fresh air supply in the circulation air system 2041 can be produced in a 2001 installation described above, also, referred to the flow direction of the circulating air, basically before or after a heat exchanger 2039 in a thermal transfer facility 2031, 2033, 2035. Note further that the fresh air supply is possible in this case both within a thermal transfer facility 2031, 2033, 2035, as well as outside of a thermal transfer facility 2031, 2033, 2035 in a 2041a circulation air return suction channel or return channel of a circulation system of a 2041 circulation air system.

In order to set a defined volumetric flow in the case of fresh air, a fan can also be arranged in the fresh air line 2045. It is also possible that the fresh air is supplied from the side directed towards the interior of the drying tunnel 2005, of a curtain of fluid flow 2021, in a lock 2011, 2013, 2015 of the 2001 installation.

For the explanation of the alternative embodiments listed above of the installation 2001, other installations according to the invention for drying are described below in FIG. 12 to FIG. 19:

Fig. 12 shows another installation 2001 'for the drying of vehicle bodies 2003, which corresponds in its structure basically with the installation 2001 of Fig. 11. Whereas the groups in the installation 2001 of Fig. 11 and in the installation 2001 'of Fig. 12 are identical, they have the same references in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12. In the installation 2001 'the conduit 2045 for the supply of fresh air to the circulation air conduction system 2041 is connected through a conduit branch 2045a and a conduit branch 2045b in the heat transfer facility 2037 with the conduit 2019 for the supply of fresh air to the nozzles 2009. Through the 2045a driving line it is possible to feed fresh air sucked into the 2045 air by means of the 2061 fan, which was heated in the heat exchanger 2039 of the heat transfer facility 2031 with pure gas heat guided by the hot gas line 2036.

Alternatively or additionally via the conduit branch 2045b in the heat transfer device 2037, fresh air can also be transported to the conduit 2019 via the fan 2061 in the conduit 2045. In this case the fresh air conveyed by the ventilator 2061 is not guided or is only partially made through the heat exchanger 2039 in the thermal transfer facility 2037.

The fresh air guided by the conduit 2019 is introduced into the installation 2001 'in the thermal transfer facilities 2031, 2033 and 2035 in such a way that it accesses through the heat exchanger arranged in the thermal transfer facilities 2031, 2033 and 2035 to the 2005 drying tunnel.

The fresh air introduced into the heat transfer installations 2031, 2033 and 2035 from the line 2045 can thus be heated with pure gas heat guided by the hot gas line 2036.

In the conduit section 2019a of the installation 2001 'there is arranged a flow measurement device 2062. The flow measurement device 2062 controls an actuator in a flow control device 2048. In this way it can be ensured in the installation 2001 'that for different numbers of revolutions of the ventilator 2061 the nozzles 2009, 2014 are fed for the generation of a curtain of fluid current 2020, 2021 with a fresh air current that remains the same. In the line 2045, a flow measurement device 2063 is arranged. The flow measurement device 2063 is used to determine the quantity of fresh air fed to the line 2045 via the fan 2061.

In the installation 2001 'the flow of fresh air fed to the line 2045 is adjusted, via the flow control system 2048, depending on the quantity determined with the installation 2053 of the bodies 2003 arranged within the drying tunnel 2005.

The flow measurement devices 2062, 2063 determine the quantity of fresh air fed to the line 2019, 2045 by means of the fan 2061, by detecting the pressure drop in a shutter arranged in the line section with the line measuring device. flow 2062, 2063. Note that the flow measurement device 2062, 2063 for detecting the fresh air stream can alternatively comprise a magnetic inductive sensor, an ultrasonic measuring unit or also a rotor.

Fig. 13 shows another installation 2001 "for drying, whose structure is essentially identical to the structure of the installation 2001 'described above. Inasmuch as the constructional assemblies in the installations shown in Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 are functionally identical, they have in Fig. 12 and Fig. 12 the same numbers as references.

Unlike the installation 2001 'of Fig. 12, in the installation 2001' 'the fresh air is introduced via the line 2045 for the supply of fresh air in the thermal transfer installations 2031, 2033 and 2035 on the outlet side of the heat exchangers 2039 in the circulation air conduction system 2041. In a heat exchanger 2039 of a heat transfer facility 2031, 2033, 2035 then only the circulating air supplied through a supply channel is heated. 2041a of the drying tunnel 2005.

Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 show other installations 2001 '' 'and 2001' '' 'for drying, whose structure corresponds to the structure of the installation described by Fig. 12 and Fig. 13. The constructional assemblies functionally identical in these installations have in this case once again the same references as the corresponding constructional assemblies of the installations of Fig. 12 and Fig. 13. In the installation 2001 '' 'is introduced through the conduit 2045 outside the thermal transfer facilities 2031, 2033 and 2035 in the circulation air feedback channel 2041b of the fresh air conduction system. In the installation 2001 '' '' the conduit 2045 for the supply of fresh air to the drying tunnel 2005 is connected to a circulation air return suction channel 2041a of the conduction system 2041, through which the air is guided of circulation of the drying tunnel 2005 to a thermal transfer installation 2031, 2033 and 2035.

It should be noted that in a modified embodiment of the installation 2001 '' 'of Fig. 14 or 2001' '' 'of Fig. 15 it can also be provided for the introduction of fresh air from a line 2045 both in a channel of circulation air return suction 2041a as well as in a circulation air feedback channel 2041b of a circulation air system 2041. When the fresh air is fed into a circulation air feedback channel 2041b it must be ensured however, the corresponding fresh air is heated.

The installation 3001 shown in Fig. 16 for drying vehicle bodies 3003 has as an installation for the detection of a status parameter of a drying tunnel 3005 acting as a processing chamber, several temperature sensors 3070, 3072, 3074 and 3076 As the construction assemblies of the installation 3001 functionally correspond to the constructional assemblies of the installation 2001 of Fig. 11, these are characterized in Fig. 12, in relation to Fig. 11, with numbers greater than of the number 1000 as a reference.

The temperature sensors 3070, 3072, 3074 and 3076 are connected to the control device 3046. The temperature sensor 3070 is arranged in the hot gas line 3026 between the heating device 3023 and the thermal transfer device 3031. The sensor temperature 3072 is in a final section of the hot gas line 3026, from which the pure gas flowing through the hot gas line 3026 enters the surrounding atmosphere. The temperature sensors 3070, 3072 serve for the determination of the heat emitted by the pure gas flowing through the hot gas line 3026 to the drying tunnel 3005, in that the temperature difference measured by these sensors is determined. temperature ATh = Ti - T2. With the temperature sensors 3074 and 3076, the temperature difference AT ^u = T3 - T4 of circulating air leaving the drying tunnel 3005 in the circulation air suction channel 3041a and circulation air is determined mixed with fresh air, which is guided through the circulation air supply channel 3041b to the drying channel 3005.

The control installation 3046 controls the number of revolutions of the fan 3057 in the line 3025 and the adjustment of the flow control systems 3047 for the adjustment of the quantity of fresh air introduced in the line system 3041 depending on the difference in ^h temperature aT, aT ^or determined by the temperature sensors 3070, 3072, 3074 and 3076. Alternatively to this the control device 3046 can also be configured as a control loop, which regulates the speed of the fan in 3057 driving 3025 and adjusting the flow control installation 3047 due to the signal from temperature sensors 3070, 3072, 3074 and 3076.

The installation 4001 shown in Fig. 17 for drying vehicle bodies 4003 has as an installation for the detection of a status parameter of a drying tunnel 4005 that acts as a processing chamber, a scale 4078 for the determination of the mass of the vehicle bodies 4003 supplied to the drying tunnel 4005. Insofar as the construction assemblies of the installation 4001 functionally correspond to the constructional assemblies of the installation 2001 of Fig. 11, these are characterized in Fig. 13, in connection with Fig. 11, with numbers greater than the number 2000 as a reference.

In this case the control installation 4046 controls the number of revolutions of the fan 4057 in the line 4025 and the adjustment of the flow control systems 4047 for adjusting the amount of fresh air introduced into the line 4041 depending on the mass detected by the scale 4078 of the vehicle bodies 4003 supplied to the drying tunnel 4005.

Fig. 18 shows an installation 5001 for drying vehicle bodies 5003. As the construction assemblies of the installation 5001 functionally correspond to the constructional assemblies of the installation 2001 of Fig. 11, these are characterized in Fig. 17 , in relation to Fig. 11, with larger numbers at the number 3000 as reference. In the installation 5001 the line 5045 obtains fresh air for the fresh air supply to the 5037 thermal transfer system, which can be heated by the heat exchanger 5039 with pure gas heat guided by the hot gas line 5026. The fresh air of the line 5045 is introduced into the installation 5005 in the locks 5011, 5012 and 5013 of the drying tunnel. Fig. 19 shows an installation 6001 for drying vehicle bodies 6003. As the construction assemblies of the installation 6001 functionally correspond to the constructional assemblies of the installation 5001 of Fig. 18, these are characterized in Fig. 19 , in relation to Fig. 18, with larger numbers at the number 1000 as a reference. In the installation 6001 the fresh air of the line 6045 is introduced in the drying sections 6015a, 6015b and the maintenance zone 6016 of the drying tunnel 6005.

Other modifications and refinements of an installation according to the invention result, among others, from the combination of different characteristics of the advantageous embodiment examples described above.

List of references:

1 Installation

3 Vehicle body

5 Drying tunnel, processing chamber

6 Top

7 Sliding device

9 Transport device

10 Drive

11 Entrance lock

12 Entry opening

13 Exit lock

14 Output opening

15 Drying section, drying area 16, 18 Diffuser

17, 19 Mouthpiece

17, 19, 25, 29, 33, 37, 35 Device

Fluid current curtain

25, 27 Fresh air

29, 31 Camera

33, 35 Opening

37 Horizontal

39 Interior space

41 Base

42 Environment air

43, 44 Heating installation

45, 47 Control installation

49, 51 Sensor

61 Fan

74, 74 'Installation

63 Heating installation

69, 71 Temperature sensor

70 Installation

72 Circulating air conduction system 73 Solvent agent sensor

74 Installation

75 Advance channel

76, 76 'Driving

77 Return channel

78, 78 'Opening

80, 80 'Flow control installation

201 Pipe

202 Main flow plan

203 Camera

204 Plane

205 Air filter

206 Housing plate

207 Driving plate

208 Spindle

209 Opening

210 Fluid flow

211 Driving contour, contour, driving plate 213 Entry opening

215 Front wall, front plate

216 Adjacent chamber

217 Mixing chamber

219 Fluid

401 Fluid current curtain, fluid curtain 402 Arrow

403 Arm

406 Arrow

407 Current whirlpool

408 Arrow

409 Center

501 Lock, entrance lock

503 Mouthpiece

505 Nozzle opening

507 Nozzle opening

509 Top

507, 509 Nozzle openings

511 Control valve

601 Lock

603 Mouthpiece

605 Driving plate

607 Opening, nozzle

608 Top

609 Front wall

611 The interior

612 Main element

613 Mixing chamber

615 Articulation of turn

616 Horizontal

617 Double Arrow

619 Opening

701 Lock

703 Mouthpiece

704 Flow channel

709 Front wall

711 The interior

713 Mixing chamber

721 Zone

801 Lock

803 Shutter

804 Opening

805 Driving plate

809 Front wall

812 Main element

816 Notch

821 Zone

900 Drying tunnel

901 Lock, exit lock 903, 905, 907 Mouthpiece

909 Fresh air flow 910 Upper

911, 913, 915 Channel

917 1006 fluid flow curtain Upper

1009 Opening

1011 Lock, entrance lock 1017 Nozzle

1039 Interior space

1041 Base

1209 Opening

1210 Diffuser

1211 Driving plate 1213 Opening, entry opening 1215 Main wall

1216 Adjacent chamber

1217 Mixing chamber 1218 Current conducting element, current fin 1220 Silhouette wall, arrow

1222 Axis

1224 Arrow

1401 Fluid flow curtain

1402 Arrow

1403 Arm

1406 Arrow

1407 Current whirlpool

1408 Arrow

1409 Center, center of rotation

2001, 2001 ', 2001' ', 2001' '', 2001 "" Installation

2003 Vehicle body, work piece

2005 Drying tunnel, processing chamber 2007 Temperature sensor

2009 Mouthpiece

2011,2012, 2013, 2015 Lock

2014 Mouthpiece

2015a, 2015b Drying section, accommodation area

2015, 2017 Opening

2016 Maintenance area

2018 Diffuser

2019 Driving

2019th Driving Section

2020 Curtain of fluid flow

2021 Fluid flow curtain

2023 Heating installation

2025 Driving

2027 Heat exchanger

2029 Combustion chamber

2031, 2033, 2035 Thermal transfer installation

2036, 2038 Hot gas driving

2037 Thermal transfer installation

2039 Heat exchanger

2041 Circulation air conduction system 2041a Circulation air return suction channel 2041b Circulation air supply channel 2043 Installation

2045 Driving

2045a, 2045b Driving line

2046 Control installation

2047, 2048 Flow control installation

2049 Control circuit

2051, 2053 Installation

2052, 2055 Butterfly valve

2056, 2059 Control module

2057, 2061 Fan

2062, 2063 Flow measurement installation

3001 Installation

3003 Vehicle body, work piece

3005 Drying tunnel, processing chamber 3023 Heating installation

3025, 3045 Driving

3026 Hot gas driving

3031 Thermal transfer installation

3041 Driving system

3041a Circulation air return suction channel 3041b Circulation air supply channel 3046 Control installation

3047 Butterfly valves

3057 Fan

3070, 3072, 3074 and 3076 Temperature sensor

4001 Installation

4003 Vehicle body, work piece

4005 Drying tunnel, processing chamber 4025, 4045 Driving

4041 Driving system

4046 Control installation

4047 Butterfly valve

4057 Fan

4078 Scale

5001 Installation

5003 Vehicle body, work piece 5011, 5012 and 5013 Lock

5036 Hot gas driving

5037 Thermal transfer installation

5039 Heat exchanger

5041 Driving system

5041a Circulation air return suction channel 5045 Driving

6001 Installation

6005 Drying tunnel

6015a, 6015b Drying section

6045 Driving

Claims (15)

1. Installation (1, 2001) with a processing chamber (5, 2005), which comprises an interior space (39) configured in the form of a tunnel, which has a base (41), as well as an upper part (6) , with a housing area (15, 2015a, 2015b, 2016) for workpieces (3, 2003), and that has an opening (12, 14, 2015, 2017) for the supply or evacuation of workpieces ( 3, 2003), with a device (17, 19, 25, 29, 33, 37, 35, 2014) for injection by blowing fluid in the form of gas into the interior space (39), which has at least one nozzle (17, 19, 2014) or a shutter (803) for the generation of a fluid flow curtain (21, 23, 2021) between the opening (12, 14, 2015, 2017) and the accommodation area (15, 2015a, 2015b) for work pieces (3, 2003), with an installation (74, 2043) for the supply of fresh air, with which on one side remote from the opening (12, 14, 2015, 2017), the curtain of fluid stream (21, 23, 2021), Fresh air can be introduced into the accommodation area (15, 2015a, 2015b), and with a pivoting driving contour (606) penetrating the interior space (39); the at least one nozzle (17, 19) or obturator (803) having a groove shape, which supplies the gas fluid at the top (6) with a flow direction (402) inclined with respect to the base (41), to the interior space (39), and the fluid in the form of gas supplied to the interior space is guided through the at least one nozzle (17, 19), by the conduction contour (606). Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the conduction contour (606) is formed in a pivoting deflecting flap (605). 3. Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gas-shaped fluid supplied to the interior space (39) generates on the side directed towards the opening (12, 14), of the fluid flow curtain (21, 23), a vortex of stream (407) of air, which is at least partially mixed with injected fluid by blowing. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gas-shaped fluid blown through the at least one nozzle (17, 19) or shutter (803) into the interior space (39), it is guided through a diffuser (16, 2116) towards the interior space (39). Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that on the side directed towards the opening (213, 1213) of the conduction contour (211, 1211), a wall (215, 1215) is disposed, which it defines with the contour (211, 1211) the diffuser (16, 18) with a mixing chamber (217, 1217), in which the fluid of the current whirlpool (407, 1407) is mixed with air from the opening area ( 213, 1213). 6. Installation according to claim 5, characterized in that the mixed fluid of the mixing chamber (407, 1407) is sucked by the fluid in the form of gas flowing through the nozzle (17, 19, 1017) or the shutter (803), towards the interior space (39, 1039). Installation according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the wall (709, 809) has one or more openings (816) for the passage of air that is circulated in the area of the opening (213). 8. Installation according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that on the one side remote from the mixing chamber (217), of the conduction contour (211), an adjacent chamber (216) is configured that acts as a dead space for fluid in the form of gas. Installation according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that a flow control element (1218) is arranged in the mixing chamber (1217), to which fluid in the form of a gas flows from the current whirl (1407). and which returns the fluid from the current whirlpool (1407) to the fluid flow curtain (1401). 10. Installation configured as a drying and / or setting and / or painting installation according to one of claims 1 to 9. 11. Procedure for the operation of an installation according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that for the generation of the fluid current curtain (21, 23, 2021) fluid is guided in the form of gas applied with pressure by the at least one nozzle (17, 19) or shutter (803), mixing in a mixing chamber (217) disposed next to the at least one nozzle (17, 19) or shutter (803), air from the area of an opening (213) or the interior space (39) of the processing chamber (5) with the gas-like fluid exiting the nozzle (17, 19). Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the gas-shaped fluid guided through the at least one nozzle (17, 19) or plug (803) is guided along a line contour (211) which delimit the mixing chamber (217), which separates in particular the mixing chamber (217) from an adjacent chamber (216) arranged next to it, which acts as a dead space for the fluid in the form of a gas. 13. Process for the operation of an installation according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a stream of gas-like fluid guided through the nozzle (17, 19) or plug (803) is throttled or interrupted for the generating a curtain of fluid flow (21, 23) between the opening (12, 14) and the housing area (15) for work pieces (3). Method according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the direction of the fluid flow curtain (21,23) is modified when a workpiece (3) is moved through the opening (12, 14). ). Method according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the fluid flow curtain (21, 23, 2021) is generated with an amount of fresh air that remains the same on a temporary average for a period of time, which it is guided by the nozzle (17, 19) or the obturator (803), and in which case with the installation (74, 2043) for the supply of fresh air to the interior space (39) an amount is supplied during the period of time of variable fresh air, which is controlled or regulated depending on a parameter of the operating status of a group processing chamber that is indicated below: i. carbon content and / or solvent content of the atmosphere in the housing area (2015a, 2015b, 2016); ii. Quantity and / or weight of work pieces (2003) arranged in the accommodation area; iii. Quantity and / or weight of work pieces (2003) supplied to the accommodation area per unit of time; iv. Exhaust air temperature of the combustion chamber (2029) of a burner in an installation to temper circulation air; v. Fluid temperature difference in the form of gas, which is extracted from the accommodation area (2015a) and which is supplied back to the accommodation area (2015a); saw. Fluid temperature difference in the form of gas from the housing area (2015a), which is supplied to a combustion chamber (2029) of a burner in an installation for tempering circulating air, and exhaust air from the chamber of combustion (2029) of the burner; vii. Amount of heat per unit of time, which is supplied to the processing chamber (2005).