EP2295909B1 - Method for efficient use of hot air streams in a drying system, in particular for a vehicle body painting system - Google Patents

Method for efficient use of hot air streams in a drying system, in particular for a vehicle body painting system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2295909B1
EP2295909B1 EP09011579.1A EP09011579A EP2295909B1 EP 2295909 B1 EP2295909 B1 EP 2295909B1 EP 09011579 A EP09011579 A EP 09011579A EP 2295909 B1 EP2295909 B1 EP 2295909B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
dryer
clean gas
fresh air
exhaust
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EP09011579.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2295909A1 (en
Inventor
Fokko Dipl.-Ing. Crone
Norbert Heckmann
Otto Prof. Dr.-Ing. Carlowitz
Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Pelz
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Crone Fokko
Reschka Klaus
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Crone Fokko
Reschka Klaus
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
    • F26B23/022—Heating arrangements using combustion heating incinerating volatiles in the dryer exhaust gases, the produced hot gases being wholly, partly or not recycled into the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/12—Vehicle bodies, e.g. after being painted

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the efficient use of the hot air streams in a vehicle paint shop, in which the exhaust air from the dryer is fed via an exhaust fan unit of a thermal afterburner and heated in this and out by means of a clean gas line as pure gas by Um Kunststoffrekuperatoren and at least one Frischluftrekuperator in which the recirculated air removed from the dryer and the fresh air are heated up.
  • the freshly painted dry goods such as karts
  • a support frame in the dryer, wherein the organic solvents are in the fresh paint of the dry goods
  • the karrossen After heating in the heating zone of the dryer, for example, the karrossen enter the holding zone of the dryer at about 140 - 180 ° C. Then the karrossen leave the dryer.
  • gaseous organic substances are removed by suction and fed as exhaust air (raw gas) a thermal afterburner (TNV) for the oxidative conversion of organic substances in the non-toxic compounds carbon dioxide and water vapor.
  • TSV thermal afterburner
  • the exhaust air Before entering the thermal post-combustion plant, the exhaust air is preheated in an exhaust air recuperator.
  • the clean gas from the post-combustion system initially cools down in the exhaust air recuperator and is then used to heat the dryer. This is done in such a way that the clean gas is passed through Umgasrekuperatoren, which removed the dryer circulating air reheat, whereupon the circulating air is returned to the dryer. Finally, the clean gas is passed through a fresh air recuperator, in which the fresh air to be supplied to the dryer is heated.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a more efficient method for energy saving in drying systems.
  • the fresh air thus passes in the recirculating fresh air mixture from the Umbuchrekuperatoren directly into the heating zone and in the holding zone.
  • the dryer 1 has an inlet lock 2, a heating zone 3, a holding zone 4 and an outlet lock 5.
  • the arrow 6 symbolizes the introduction of the dry goods, for example bodies, which are located on SKIDs.
  • the arrow 7 symbolizes the entry of the solvents, which are introduced with the color coatings of the dried goods in the dryer.
  • the arrow 8 symbolizes the dry goods leaving the dryer and SKIDs.
  • the thermal afterburner TNV is designated 9.
  • 10 and 12 are circulating air recuperators. 13 is an exhaust air recuperator, 14 is a catalyst stage, and 15 is a fresh air recuperator. With 21 an exhaust chimney is called.
  • the arrows 22 indicate the supply of fresh air from the environment.
  • the exhaust ducts are at 18 and the circulating air lines are designated 17.
  • the the dryer 1 via the exhaust ducts 18 extracted exhaust gas (crude gas) is fed via a fan unit 19 and the Ab povertyrekuperator 13 of the TNV 9 and there subjected to the oxidation process.
  • the cleaned by the conversion exhaust air leaves the TNV as clean gas in the clean gas line 20.
  • the clean gas is first passed through the Ab povertyrekuperator 13, then optionally through a catalyst stage 14, the Umluftrekuperator 10 and the Umbuchrekuperator 12 and finally flows through the Frischluftrekuperator 15, whereupon it over the exhaust chimney 21 exits into the atmosphere.
  • the heating zone 3 and the holding zone 4 of the dryer 1 is removed via circulating air ducts 17a circulating air, which is heated in the Um Kunststoffrekuperatoren 10 and 12 and returned via Um Kunststofftechnischen 17b in the heating zone and in the holding zone.
  • the inlet sluice 2 operated with negative pressure and the outlet sluice 5 operated with negative pressure are supplied with fresh air from the immediate vicinity (arrows 22).
  • Fresh air taken from the atmosphere and / or the installation space is supplied to the fresh air recuperator 15 via a fresh air line 23.
  • the heated fresh air is introduced via a fan unit 24 and fresh air partial lines 23a in the recirculating air ducts 17a.
  • a fresh air-fresh air mixture is passed through the Umbuchrekuperatoren 10 and 12, which is thus heated and returned via the circulating air lines 17b in the heating zone 3 and in the holding zone 4.
  • the temperature of the dryer 1 is regulated via a two flap valve system associated with each recirculating air recuperator 10 and 12 in the clean gas line 20 and in a bypass 27 bypassing the circulating air recuperator. Is requested by the dryer 1 warmer circulating air, so opens a first flap 25 in the clean gas line 20 the path of the clean gas Um Kunststoffrekuperator 10 and at the same time closes a second flap 26 the bypass 27, so that the clean gas flows through the Um Kunststoffrekuperator to there heat energy to the Circulating air. If the dryer 1 requires less heat, the system works in reverse order. The flap 25 in the clean gas line closes and the flap 26 in the bypass 27 opens, so that the clean gas is led around the Umbuchrekuperator 10 via the bypass 27. In the same way, the Umluftrekuperator 12 is moved.
  • the combustion chamber temperature of the TNV 9 is set to a constant temperature value, so that the clean gas temperature in the exit from the TNV and after flowing through the Abluftrekuperators 13 also has a constant temperature.
  • the required energy requirement of the dryer 1 is automatically regulated via the exit temperature of the clean gas behind the fresh air recuperator 15 at the temperature tap 29 in conjunction with the clean gas volume flow.
  • the clean gas temperature at the tap 29 is constantly set to, for example, 80 ° C.
  • a control unit 30 measures the clean gas temperature at the tap 29 and gives a manipulated variable to the frequency converter of the fresh air fan unit 24 and the exhaust fan unit 19.
  • the TNV 9 then also works with maximum power due to the maximum amount of air. If the individual zones of the dryer finally approach the setpoint temperature of the dryer, the flaps 25 close in the clean gas line and open the flaps 26 in the bypasses 27 at the recirculating air recuperators and the clean gas temperature drops to the maximum setpoint temperature of the clean gas. The controller 30 then lowers the speed of the fresh air and exhaust fan units. The heat output of the TNV 9 drops as the exhaust air volume flow decreases.
  • the control unit 30 monitors the clean gas temperature at each Umluftrekuperator 10, 12 behind the flaps 26 at points 34 (T1) in the bypasses 27 and in each subsequent strand of the clean gas line 20 at points 35 (T2 ). If the temperature level behind the flaps 26 (T1) approaches that in the respectively adjacent strand of the clean gas line 20 (T2) to a value to be determined (T1 must always be greater than T2), the reduction of the amounts of exhaust air is stopped. The best possible waste heat utilization is then achieved.
  • the self-regulating paint drying system recognizes each of these demand conditions and automatically adjusts itself to each of these dryer operating states.
  • the volume flow balance (exhaust air / fresh air) via a determined characteristic of the frequency of the fan units 19, 24 as a function of different volume flows or via the volume flow measuring points 31 and 32 in the exhaust duct 18 before the exhaust recuperator 13 and in the fresh air line 23.
  • the relative humidity of the clean gas behind the fresh air recuperator 15 measured at the measuring point 33 and displayed. If condensation forms in the exhaust chimney 21, the chimney temperature must be raised by the operator.
  • the required air volume balance in the dryer is set once fixed and locked via fixed throttle valves 28 on the exhaust air lines 18 and the individual fresh air supply lines 23a before entering the Um Kunststoffrekuperatoren during commissioning.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur effizienten Nutzung der Heißluft-Ströme in einer Fahrzeug-Lackieranlage, bei dem die Abluft aus dem Trockner über eine Abluftventilatoreinheit einer thermischen Nachverbrennungsanlage zugeführt und in dieser erhitzt wird und mittels einer Reingasleitung als Reingas durch Umluftrekuperatoren und wenigstens einen Frischluftrekuperator geführt wird, in denen die dem Trockner entnommene Umluft und die Frischluft aufgeheizt werden.The invention relates to a method for the efficient use of the hot air streams in a vehicle paint shop, in which the exhaust air from the dryer is fed via an exhaust fan unit of a thermal afterburner and heated in this and out by means of a clean gas line as pure gas by Umluftrekuperatoren and at least one Frischluftrekuperator in which the recirculated air removed from the dryer and the fresh air are heated up.

In den Trocknern für Lackierereien, insbesondere Fahrzeug-Lackierereien, werden nach dem Stand der Technik die frisch lackierten Trocknungsgüter, zum Beispiel Karrossen, zumeist auf einem Tragrahmen (SKID) in den Trockner gefahren, wobei sich die organischen Lösungsmittel in dem frischen Lack der Trocknungsgüter befinden. Nach dem Aufheizen in der Aufheizzone des Trockners gelangen zum Beispiel die Karrossen in die Haltezone des Trockners bei etwa 140 - 180 °C. Danach verlassen die Karrossen den Trockner. Die bei dem Trocknungsvorgang freigesetzten, gasförmigen, organischen Stoffe werden abgesaugt und als Abluft (Roh-Gas) einer thermischen Nachverbrennungsanlage (TNV) zur oxidativen Umsetzung der organischen Substanzen in die nicht toxischen Verbindungen Kohlendioxid und Wasserdampf zugeführt. Vor Eintritt in die thermische Nachverbrennungsanlage wird die Abluft in einem Abluftrekuperator vorgewärmt. Das Reingas aus der Nachverbrennungsanlage kühlt sich zunächst in dem Abluftrekuperator ab und wird anschließend genutzt, um den Trockner zu beheizen. Dies geschieht in der Weise, dass das Reingas weiter durch Umgasrekuperatoren geführt wird, welche die dem Trockner entnommene Umluft wieder aufheizen, worauf die Umluft wieder in den Trockner zurückgeführt wird. Schließlich wird das Reingas durch einen Frischluftrekuperator geführt, in dem die dem Trockner zuzuführende Frischluft aufgeheizt wird.In the dryers for paint shops, especially vehicle paint shops, according to the prior art, the freshly painted dry goods, such as karts, usually driven on a support frame (SKID) in the dryer, wherein the organic solvents are in the fresh paint of the dry goods , After heating in the heating zone of the dryer, for example, the karrossen enter the holding zone of the dryer at about 140 - 180 ° C. Then the karrossen leave the dryer. The liberated during the drying process, gaseous organic substances are removed by suction and fed as exhaust air (raw gas) a thermal afterburner (TNV) for the oxidative conversion of organic substances in the non-toxic compounds carbon dioxide and water vapor. Before entering the thermal post-combustion plant, the exhaust air is preheated in an exhaust air recuperator. The clean gas from the post-combustion system initially cools down in the exhaust air recuperator and is then used to heat the dryer. This is done in such a way that the clean gas is passed through Umgasrekuperatoren, which removed the dryer circulating air reheat, whereupon the circulating air is returned to the dryer. Finally, the clean gas is passed through a fresh air recuperator, in which the fresh air to be supplied to the dryer is heated.

Dieses bekannte Trocknungsverfahren ist aufgrund der steigenden Primärenergiepreise nicht mehr effizient genug. Der verfahrenstechnische Wärmebedarf für den Trockner und der reale Primärenergieverbrauch liegen nicht im Gleichgewicht, weil die projektierte Reingastemperatur von 160 - 180 °C nicht der realen Reingastemperatur entspricht. Erfahrungen haben gezeigt, dass die Reingastemperaturen meist zwischen 280 - 320°C liegen. Trocknertemperatur und Brennkammertemperatur werden geregelt, jedoch bleiben die Trocknerbeladung und die Schadstoffkonzentration im Trockner unberücksichtigt. Die Elektromotoren der großen Ventilatoren für Frischluft und Abluft laufen oft mit der gleichen Drehzahl, was bedeutet, dass die Luftmassen ungeregelt bleiben.This known drying process is no longer efficient enough due to the rising primary energy prices. The procedural heat requirement for the dryer and the real primary energy consumption are not in equilibrium, because the projected clean gas temperature of 160 - 180 ° C does not correspond to the real clean gas temperature. Experience has shown that the pure gas temperatures are usually between 280 - 320 ° C. Dryer temperature and combustion chamber temperature are controlled, but the dryer load and pollutant concentration in the dryer are disregarded. The electric motors of the large fans for fresh air and exhaust air often run at the same speed, which means that the air masses remain unregulated.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein effizienteres Verfahren zur Energieeinsparung bei Trocknungsanlagen zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a more efficient method for energy saving in drying systems.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die dem Frischluftrekuperator entnommene Frischluft der dem Trockner entnommenen Umluft beigemischt wird und das Umluft-Frischluft-Gemisch in den Umluftrekuperatoren erhitzt und dem Trockner wieder zugeführt wird und dass die Luftmengenbilanz im Trockner über feststehende Drosselklappen an den Abluftentnahmestellen des Trockners und an den einzelnen Frischluftzuführungen vor den Umluftrekuperatoren bei Inbetriebnahme vorzugsweise einmalig eingestellt und arretiert wird.This object is inventively achieved in that the Freshluftrekuperator taken fresh air of the dryer removed circulating air is added and heated the circulating air fresh air mixture in the Umluftrekuperatoren and the dryer is fed back and that the air flow balance in the dryer via fixed throttle at the exhaust air sampling points Trockners and at the individual fresh air supply before Umluftrekuperatoren when commissioning preferably set once and locked.

Die Frischluft gelangt damit im Umluft-Frischluft-Gemisch aus den Umluftrekuperatoren direkt in die Aufheizzone und in die Haltezone. Daraus ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass das Temperaturniveau der Frischluft nicht auf dem Temperaturniveau des Trockners liegen muss, sondern deutlich darunter liegen kann, weil die Umluftrekuperatoren den Frischluftanteil in dem Umluft-Frischluft-Gemisch auf das Trocknertemperaturniveau anheben. Damit wird erreicht, dass die Reingastemperatur vor dem Frischluftrekuperator weit niedriger sein darf, als die Trocknertemperatur, was zu einer ganz erheblichen Energieeinsparung führt.The fresh air thus passes in the recirculating fresh air mixture from the Umluftrekuperatoren directly into the heating zone and in the holding zone. This results in the advantage that the temperature level of the fresh air does not have to be at the temperature level of the dryer, but can be significantly lower because the Umluftrekuperatoren the fresh air content in the circulating air fresh air mixture raise to the dryer temperature level. This ensures that the clean gas temperature before the fresh air recuperator can be far lower than the dryer temperature, which leads to a very significant energy savings.

Eine weitere erfinderische Ausbildung des aufgefundenen Verfahrens ist in dem Unteranspruch beschrieben.Another inventive embodiment of the discovered method is described in the subclaim.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt.An embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown schematically in the drawing.

Der Trockner 1 hat eine Eintrittschleuse 2, eine Aufheizzone 3, eine Haltezone 4 und eine Austrittsschleuse 5. Der Pfeil 6 symbolisiert das Einbringen der Trocknungsgüter, zum Beispiel Karossen, die sich auf SKIDs befinden. Der Pfeil 7 symbolisiert den Eintrag der Lösungsmittel, die mit den Farbbeschichtungen der Trocknungsgüter in den Trockner eingebracht werden. Der Pfeil 8 symbolisiert die den Trockner verlassenden Trocknungsgüter und SKIDs. Die thermische Nachverbrennungsanlage TNV ist mit 9 bezeichnet. 10 und 12 sind Umluft-Rekuperatoren. 13 ist ein Abluftrekuperator, 14 ist eine Katalysatorstufe und 15 ist ein Frischluftrekuperator. Mit 21 ist ein Abluftkamin bezeichnet. Die Pfeile 22 bezeichnen die Zuführung von Frischluft aus der Umgebung. Die Abluftleitungen sind mit 18 und die Umluftleitungen sind mit 17 bezeichnet.The dryer 1 has an inlet lock 2, a heating zone 3, a holding zone 4 and an outlet lock 5. The arrow 6 symbolizes the introduction of the dry goods, for example bodies, which are located on SKIDs. The arrow 7 symbolizes the entry of the solvents, which are introduced with the color coatings of the dried goods in the dryer. The arrow 8 symbolizes the dry goods leaving the dryer and SKIDs. The thermal afterburner TNV is designated 9. 10 and 12 are circulating air recuperators. 13 is an exhaust air recuperator, 14 is a catalyst stage, and 15 is a fresh air recuperator. With 21 an exhaust chimney is called. The arrows 22 indicate the supply of fresh air from the environment. The exhaust ducts are at 18 and the circulating air lines are designated 17.

Die dem Trockner 1 über die Abluftleitungen 18 entnommene Abluft (Rohgas) wird über eine Ventilatoreinheit 19 und dem Abluftrekuperator 13 der TNV 9 zugeführt und dort dem Oxidationsvorgang unterworfen. Die durch die Umwandlung gesäuberte Abluft verlässt die TNV als Reingas in der Reingasleitung 20. Das Reingas wird zunächst durch den Abluftrekuperator 13, dann optional durch eine Katalysatorstufe 14, den Umluftrekuperator 10 und den Umluftrekuperator 12 geführt und durchströmt schließlich den Frischluftrekuperator 15, worauf es über den Abluftkamin 21 in die Atmosphäre austritt.The the dryer 1 via the exhaust ducts 18 extracted exhaust gas (crude gas) is fed via a fan unit 19 and the Abluftrekuperator 13 of the TNV 9 and there subjected to the oxidation process. The cleaned by the conversion exhaust air leaves the TNV as clean gas in the clean gas line 20. The clean gas is first passed through the Abluftrekuperator 13, then optionally through a catalyst stage 14, the Umluftrekuperator 10 and the Umluftrekuperator 12 and finally flows through the Frischluftrekuperator 15, whereupon it over the exhaust chimney 21 exits into the atmosphere.

Der Aufheizzone 3 und der Haltezone 4 des Trockners 1 wird über Umluftleitungen 17a Umluft entnommen, die in den Umluftrekuperatoren 10 und 12 aufgeheizt und über Umluftleitungen 17b in die Aufheizzone und in die Haltezone zurückgeführt wird.The heating zone 3 and the holding zone 4 of the dryer 1 is removed via circulating air ducts 17a circulating air, which is heated in the Umluftrekuperatoren 10 and 12 and returned via Umluftleitungen 17b in the heating zone and in the holding zone.

Der mit Unterdruck betriebenen Eintrittsschleuse 2 und der mit Unterdruck betriebenen Austrittsschleuse 5 werden aus unmittelbarer Umgebung Frischluft zugeführt (Pfeile 22). Aus der Atmosphäre und/oder dem Aufstellungsraum entnommene Frischluft wird über eine Frischluftleitung 23 dem Frischluftrekuperator 15 zugeführt. Aus dem Frischluftrekuperator kommend, wird die aufgeheizte Frischluft über eine Ventilatoreinheit 24 und über Frischluft-Teilleitungen 23a in die Umluftleitungen 17a eingeleitet. Damit wird ein Umluft-Frischluft-Gemisch durch die Umluftrekuperatoren 10 und 12 geführt, das somit aufgeheizt und über die Umluftleitungen 17b in die Aufheizzone 3 und in die Haltezone 4 zurückgeführt wird.The inlet sluice 2 operated with negative pressure and the outlet sluice 5 operated with negative pressure are supplied with fresh air from the immediate vicinity (arrows 22). Fresh air taken from the atmosphere and / or the installation space is supplied to the fresh air recuperator 15 via a fresh air line 23. Coming from the fresh air recuperator, the heated fresh air is introduced via a fan unit 24 and fresh air partial lines 23a in the recirculating air ducts 17a. Thus, a fresh air-fresh air mixture is passed through the Umluftrekuperatoren 10 and 12, which is thus heated and returned via the circulating air lines 17b in the heating zone 3 and in the holding zone 4.

Die Temperatur des Trockners 1 wird über ein jedem Umluftrekuperator 10 und 12 zugeordnetes Zwei-Klappensystem in der Reingasleitung 20 und in einer den Umluftrekuperator umgehenden Umleitung 27 geregelt. Wird vom Trockner 1 wärmere Umluft angefordert, so öffnet eine erste Klappe 25 in der Reingasleitung 20 den Weg des Reingases zum Umluftrekuperator 10 und schließt gleichzeitig eine zweite Klappe 26 die Umleitung 27, so dass das Reingas durch den Umluftrekuperator fließt, um dort Wärmeenergie an die Umluft abzugeben. Fordert der Trockner 1 weniger Wärme an, so arbeitet das System in umgekehrter Reihenfolge. Die Klappe 25 in der Reingasleitung schließt und die Klappe 26 in der Umleitung 27 öffnet sich, so dass das Reingas über die Umleitung 27 um den Umluftrekuperator 10 herumgeführt wird. In gleicher Weise wird bei dem Umluftrekuperator 12 verfahren.The temperature of the dryer 1 is regulated via a two flap valve system associated with each recirculating air recuperator 10 and 12 in the clean gas line 20 and in a bypass 27 bypassing the circulating air recuperator. Is requested by the dryer 1 warmer circulating air, so opens a first flap 25 in the clean gas line 20 the path of the clean gas Umluftrekuperator 10 and at the same time closes a second flap 26 the bypass 27, so that the clean gas flows through the Umluftrekuperator to there heat energy to the Circulating air. If the dryer 1 requires less heat, the system works in reverse order. The flap 25 in the clean gas line closes and the flap 26 in the bypass 27 opens, so that the clean gas is led around the Umluftrekuperator 10 via the bypass 27. In the same way, the Umluftrekuperator 12 is moved.

Die Brennkammertemperatur der TNV 9 wird auf einen konstanten Temperaturwert eingestellt, so dass die Reingastemperatur im Austritt aus der TNV und nach Durchströmen des Abluftrekuperators 13 ebenfalls eine konstante Temperatur aufweist.The combustion chamber temperature of the TNV 9 is set to a constant temperature value, so that the clean gas temperature in the exit from the TNV and after flowing through the Abluftrekuperators 13 also has a constant temperature.

Der erforderliche Energiebedarf des Trockners 1 wird über die AustrittsTemperatur des Reingases hinter dem Frischluftrekuperator 15 am Temperatur-Abgriff 29 automatisch in Verbindung mit dem Reingasvolumenstrom geregelt. Die Reingastemperatur am Abgriff 29 wird konstant zum Beispiel auf 80°C eingestellt. Ein Steuergerät 30 (SLT-System) misst die Reingastemperatur am Abgriff 29 und gibt eine Stellgröße an die Frequenzumformer der Frischluft-Ventilatoreinheit 24 und der Abluft-Ventilatoreinheit 19.The required energy requirement of the dryer 1 is automatically regulated via the exit temperature of the clean gas behind the fresh air recuperator 15 at the temperature tap 29 in conjunction with the clean gas volume flow. The clean gas temperature at the tap 29 is constantly set to, for example, 80 ° C. A control unit 30 (SLT system) measures the clean gas temperature at the tap 29 and gives a manipulated variable to the frequency converter of the fresh air fan unit 24 and the exhaust fan unit 19.

Im Anfahrbetrieb wird Volllast verlangt, so dass die Ventilatoren 19, 24 mit höchster Drehzahl betrieben werden und die TNV 9 dann aufgrund der maximalen Luftmenge ebenfalls mit höchster Leistung arbeitet. Nähern sich die einzelnen Zonen des Trockners schließlich der Solltemperatur des Trockners, so schließen die Klappen 25 in der Reingasleitung und öffnen die Klappen 26 in den Umleitungen 27 an den Umluftrekuperatoren und die Reingastemperatur sinkt bis auf die maximal eingestellte Solltemperatur des Reingases. Das Steuergerät 30 senkt daraufhin die Drehzahl der Frischluft- und Abluft-Ventilatoreinheiten. Die Wärmeleistung der TNV 9 sinkt, da der Abluftvolumenstrom abnimmt.During startup, full load is required, so that the fans 19, 24 are operated at maximum speed and the TNV 9 then also works with maximum power due to the maximum amount of air. If the individual zones of the dryer finally approach the setpoint temperature of the dryer, the flaps 25 close in the clean gas line and open the flaps 26 in the bypasses 27 at the recirculating air recuperators and the clean gas temperature drops to the maximum setpoint temperature of the clean gas. The controller 30 then lowers the speed of the fresh air and exhaust fan units. The heat output of the TNV 9 drops as the exhaust air volume flow decreases.

Damit in keinem Betriebszustand ein Wärmemangel im Trockner entsteht, überwacht das Steuergerät 30 die Reingastemperatur bei jedem Umluftrekuperator 10, 12 hinter den Klappen 26 an Messstellen 34 (T1) in den Umleitungen 27 und in dem jeweils anschließenden Strang der Reingasleitung 20 an Messstellen 35 (T2). Nähert sich das Temperaturniveau hinter den Klappen 26 (T1) demjenigen im jeweils anschließenden Strang der Reingasleitung 20 (T2) bis auf einen festzulegenden Wert (T1 muss immer größer T2 sein), so wird die Reduzierung der Abluftmengen gestoppt. Die bestmögliche Abhitzenutzung ist dann erreicht.Thus, in any operating condition, a lack of heat in the dryer, the control unit 30 monitors the clean gas temperature at each Umluftrekuperator 10, 12 behind the flaps 26 at points 34 (T1) in the bypasses 27 and in each subsequent strand of the clean gas line 20 at points 35 (T2 ). If the temperature level behind the flaps 26 (T1) approaches that in the respectively adjacent strand of the clean gas line 20 (T2) to a value to be determined (T1 must always be greater than T2), the reduction of the amounts of exhaust air is stopped. The best possible waste heat utilization is then achieved.

Im Pausenbetrieb oder im Teillastbetrieb des Trockners ist der Wärmebedarf geringer. Das erfindungsgemäße, selbst regelnde Lacktrocknungssystem erkennt jeden dieser Bedarfszustände und regelt sich automatisch auf jeden dieser Trocknerbetriebszustände selbsttätig ein.During breaks or during partial load operation of the dryer, the heat requirement is lower. The self-regulating paint drying system according to the invention recognizes each of these demand conditions and automatically adjusts itself to each of these dryer operating states.

Der Volumenstromabgleich (Abluft / Frischluft) erfolgt über eine ermittelte Kennlinie der Frequenzumrichter der Ventilatoreinheiten 19, 24 in Abhängigkeit verschiedener Volumenströme oder über die Volumenstrommessstellen 31 und 32 in der Abluftleitung 18 vor dem Abluftrekuperator 13 und in der Frischluftleitung 23. Die relative Luftfeuchtigkeit des Reingases wird hinter dem Frischluftrekuperator 15 an der Messstelle 33 gemessen und angezeigt. Bei Kondensatbildung im Abluftkamin 21 muss die Kamintemperatur vom Betreiber angehoben werden.The volume flow balance (exhaust air / fresh air) via a determined characteristic of the frequency of the fan units 19, 24 as a function of different volume flows or via the volume flow measuring points 31 and 32 in the exhaust duct 18 before the exhaust recuperator 13 and in the fresh air line 23. The relative humidity of the clean gas behind the fresh air recuperator 15 measured at the measuring point 33 and displayed. If condensation forms in the exhaust chimney 21, the chimney temperature must be raised by the operator.

Die nötige Luftmengenbilanz im Trockner wird über feststehende Drosselklappen 28 an den Abluftleitungen 18 und an den einzelnen Frischluftzuführungen 23a vor dem Eintritt in die Umluftrekuperatoren bei der Inbetriebnahme einmalig eingestellt und arretiert.The required air volume balance in the dryer is set once fixed and locked via fixed throttle valves 28 on the exhaust air lines 18 and the individual fresh air supply lines 23a before entering the Umluftrekuperatoren during commissioning.

Claims (2)

  1. A method for the efficient use of the hot air streams in a vehicle painting system, in which the exhaust air from the dryer (1) is supplied via an exhaust air ventilator unit (19) of a thermal afterburning facility (9) and is heated in the latter, and by means of a clean gas line (20) is fed as a clean gas through circulating air recuperators (10, 12) and at least one fresh air recuperator (15), in which the circulating air extracted from the dryer, and the fresh air, are heated,
    characterised in that,
    the fresh air extracted from the fresh air recuperator (15) is mixed with the circulating air extracted from the dryer (1), and the circulating air-fresh air mixture is heated in the circulating air recuperators (10, 12), and is once again supplied to the dryer (1), and in that during commissioning the air volume balance in the dryer (1) is preferably set, once only, by means of fixed throttle valves (28) on the exhaust air extraction points of the dryer and on the individual fresh air supply lines upstream of the circulating air recuperators (10, 12), and locked.
  2. The method in accordance with claim 1,
    characterised in that,
    an electronically operating control unit (30) (SLT system) taps the clean gas exit temperature downstream of the fresh air recuperator (15) at a measuring station (29), and provides regulating variables to frequency transformers of a fresh air ventilator unit (24) and the exhaust air ventilator unit (19), and for purposes of preventing a lack of heat in the dryer (1) monitors the clean gas temperatures (T1, T2) at measuring stations (34, 35), which are arranged in the clean gas line (20), behind valves (26, 25) in bypass lines (27) for purposes of bypassing the circulating air recuperators (10, 12), and in the clean gas line (20) behind the circulating air recuperators (10, 12) and, for purposes of a best possible use of exhaust heat, controls the exhaust air quantities.
EP09011579.1A 2009-09-10 2009-09-10 Method for efficient use of hot air streams in a drying system, in particular for a vehicle body painting system Not-in-force EP2295909B1 (en)

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EP2924381A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-09-30 Sabine Schindler Fresh air supply
ES2618455T3 (en) 2014-03-28 2017-06-21 Sabine Schindler Additional burner
DE102016001893A1 (en) 2016-02-17 2017-08-17 Eisenmann Se Burner unit and device for tempering objects
DE102017105094A1 (en) 2017-03-10 2018-09-13 Eisenmann Se Temperature control device for surface-treated objects such as vehicle parts

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DE19654043C2 (en) * 1996-12-23 1998-05-28 Martin Dipl Ing Knabe Dryer with exhaust gas cleaning using thermal post-combustion
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DE19937901C2 (en) * 1999-08-11 2001-06-21 Eisenmann Kg Maschbau Dryer for a paint shop

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DE102018005578A1 (en) 2018-07-16 2020-01-16 Wenker Gmbh & Co. Kg Thermodynamically controlled process and thermodynamically controlled drying system for drying drying goods
DE102018005578B4 (en) * 2018-07-16 2021-04-29 Wenker Gmbh & Co. Kg Thermodynamically controlled process and thermodynamically controlled drying system for drying items to be dried
US11940213B2 (en) 2018-07-16 2024-03-26 Wenker Gmbh & Co. Kg Thermodynamically regulated method and thermodynamically regulated drying system for drying goods to be dried

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