ES2664250T3 - Solar chimney with external vertical axis wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

Solar chimney (101) for capturing and storing solar and wind energy, comprising an elongated chimney (110), and means for capturing solar radiation (7) in order to heat air in the chimney to produce updrafts capable of carrying out useful work, the chimney having an inlet end and an outlet end, the chimney including an internal turbine (3) positioned near the inlet end, the internal turbine being connected to drive an electric generator (2), in which the means for capturing solar radiation (7) are located below the internal turbine (3), characterized in that the solar chimney further comprises: a) a vertical axis wind turbine (8 and 9), mounted in the chimney nearby from the chimney outlet end, the vertical axis wind turbine being connected to a generator (13) to produce electrical energy to heat a fluid, b) the heated fluid being used to drive a turbine e xterna (207), c) in which the residual heat from the external turbine (207) is connected to a heat exchanger (14) located inside the chimney (110), d) a solar collector (105), located outside the chimney, the solar collector (105) being connected to heat a fluid, in which the heated fluid is directed to another turbine (105-3A, 105-3B), and in which the residual heat of the turbine It is connected to a heat exchanger (6) located inside the chimney.

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Solar chimney with external vertical axis wind turbine Technical sector

The present invention relates to the sector of solar chimneys with external vertical axis wind turbine provided with a set of vanes fixed to the ground slightly below the entrance of the solar chimney to trap ambient air. The vanes help guide the trapped ambient air towards the entrance. Similar solar chimneys are disclosed, for example, in CN102128150A or U.S.A. 2009 / 212570A.

Characteristics of the invention.

The solar chimney with an external vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention is defined by the features of claim 1. The solar chimney also includes an external axisless vertical wind turbine, mounted for relative rotation and around the solar chimney. . The vertical axis external wind turbine captures wind energy in the surrounding environment. This wind energy is used to generate electrical energy, which can be mixed with the output of the internal turbine, or it can be stored in the wind energy storage system for later use.

Surrounding, concentric with and, in general, at the level with the external vertical axis wind turbine, another annular cylindrical cage is arranged. Mounted on this external annular cylindrical cage is a set of vanes that redirect a certain wind flow. The outer annular cylindrical cage is directed to windward by means of an orientation mechanism.

Positioned above the cover of the outer annular cylindrical cage are openings that allow the wind that has ceded its energy to escape. The cover is shaped in such a way that the wind flowing over it helps in the discharge of the wind from the blades of the vertical axis wind turbine.

The solar chimney includes an inflatable bull that diverts the air towards the vanes mounted on the external annular cylindrical cage.

The solar chimney includes a bull or set of vanes mounted near the exit end of the elongated chamber that deflects the wind through it, resulting in an additional aspiration of the air flowing up through the chimney.

The invention has the main objective of disclosing a solar chimney in which solar energy heats the air in the chimney causing updrafts that can be used to perform useful work.

The invention has the additional objective of disclosing a solar chimney with a wind turbine with a vertical axis external to the chimney, which uses wind energy in the environment of the chimney, in which said energy is used to generate power.

The invention has the additional objective of disclosing an improved device to harness the energy of the sun and wind to perform useful work.

The invention has the additional objective of disclosing a storage for wind and solar energy.

The invention has the additional objective of improving the efficiency of a solar chimney.

The reader skilled in the art will recognize other objectives and advantages of the present invention, upon reading the following brief description of the drawings, the detailed description of the invention and the appended claims.

Background of the invention

The solar chimney in the prior art comprises a base that is fixed to the ground. The base includes openings that allow the flow of ambient air into the base. On the base there is an elongated chamber through which the air flow from the base moves upwards. This elongated chamber increases its inclination inwards with the distance from its lower part, resulting in a greater wind speed that rises towards the exit part of the chamber.

The air that rises through the chimney drives the turbine that is arranged inside the chamber.

The turbine is connected to a gearbox and an electric generator that are mounted inside the chimney. The gearbox contains gears that connect the turbine to the generator, in which the rotation

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of the wind turbine generates electricity.

Arranged inside the chamber there are means to heat the air in the chamber by solar energy. The heat exchanger located in the chimney is connected by means of heat transfer conduits to a solar collector located outside the chimney, in which the solar collector transfers heat to the heat exchanger.

Another heat exchanger also located in the chimney receives direct solar radiation from the outside of the chamber. This heat exchanger receives solar energy that is focused by means of lenses, and passes through an opening in the wall of the solar chimney, and affects the heat exchanger. This heat exchanger works as a solar collector and heat exchanger. It receives solar radiation and converts it into electrical energy. An auxiliary burner is a non-solar heat source that is used in case there is not enough solar energy. The burner could be a gas burner or other conventional heat source, which heats the air in the chimney, instead of the solar collectors / heat exchangers.

The prior art solar chimney comprises a wind energy storage system, in which a vertical axis wind turbine, which is mounted near the chamber outlet, is connected to an air compressor, in which the rotation of the vertical axis wind turbine makes the air compressor work, and in which the air compressor is connected to drive an air-powered engine that is connected to run the wind turbine exhaust inside the chimney, near the exit end.

The upper half of the elongated chamber increases the inclination towards the outside with the distance from the narrowest part of the chamber, in which the wind circulates from the narrowest part towards the outlet end in the upper part of the chamber.

The prior art solar chimney described above, in which the base includes openings, only allows ambient air to enter the base. But in the present invention, the solar chimney comprises a set of vanes under the entrance or the base, in which the vanes help guide the trapped ambient air towards the entrance and spirals up in the chimney.

The solar chimney of the present invention also comprises a bull at the outlet end of the chimney, which creates an additional aspiration of the air that rises through the chimney.

The solar chimney of the present invention further comprises an external annular cylindrical cage with a set of vanes, the vertical wind turbine with vertical axis and forming a series of ducts, resulting in increasing pressure and faster rotation. of the wind turbine.

The solar chimney of the present invention has a special storage capacity for excess energy using fluid as a phase change material.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows a side elevation view, partly in schematic form, showing the solar chimney with an external vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows a top view of the pallet assembly fixed to the floor.

Figure 3 shows a three-dimensional (3D) view of the pallet assembly fixed to the ground.

Figure 4 shows a three-dimensional view of the inflatable bull arranged around the outside of the solar chimney below the outer annular cylindrical cage.

Figure 5 shows a top view of the inflatable bull arranged around the outside of the solar chimney under the outer annular cylindrical cage.

Figure 6 shows a side view of the outer annular cylindrical cage with a dome-shaped roof.

Figure 7 shows a top view of the outer annular cylindrical cage, vanes forming series of ducts, hole in the center and direction of wind flows in the vanes / series of ducts.

Figure 8 shows a three-dimensional view of the outer annular cylindrical cage with wind-guided vane structure, wind deflector and orientation mechanism.

Figure 9 shows a side view of the upper part of the chimney and a skirt shaped like a bull around the outside of the chimney.

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Figure 10 shows a three-dimensional view of stationary circular tracks on the top of the inflatable bull of the present invention.

Figure 11 shows an enlarged view of the generator coupled to the solar chimney of the present invention.

Figure 12 shows a three-dimensional view of an external vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention that is positioned externally to the chimney.

Figure 13 shows a side view of an external vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention that is positioned externally to the chimney.

Figure 14 shows a top view of an external vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention that is positioned externally to the chimney.

Figure 15 is a block diagram detailing the electrical energy storage system (from wind) of the present invention.

Figure 16 is a block diagram detailing the electrical energy storage system (from solar thermal energy) of the present invention.

Figure 17 is a block diagram showing the available energy resources of the present invention. Detailed description of the invention

Figure 1 shows a side elevation view, partly in schematic form, of the solar chimney of the present invention. The solar chimney -101- is mounted on the floor -102-. The solar chimney includes a base -1- that rests on the ground or is rigidly fixed to the ground. Figure 2 and Figure 3 show a top view and a perspective view of the set of vanes -111- fixed to the ground slightly below the entrance. The vanes -111- trap the ambient air entering the base, helping the flow to rise through the solar chimney, as indicated by the arrows -103-.

The air that rises through the solar chimney drives the turbine -3-, which is connected to the gearbox and the electric generator -2-. The turbine and generator are not necessarily shown to scale. The gearbox and generator can be mounted inside or near the base. The gearbox contains gears (not shown) that connect the turbine -3- to the generator. The generator could be replaced by some other machine that requires a mechanical energy input.

As shown in Figure 1, the solar chimney of the present invention has the general configuration of an hourglass. That is, the diameter of the solar chimney is reduced to a narrow throat portion -4- and then increases as it moves upwards.

Therefore, the solar chimney comprises an elongated -110-chamber having an inlet, near the bottom of Figure 1, and an outlet, in the upper part of Figure 1, the chamber defining a path for the fluid , like the air, from the entrance to the exit.

The air at room temperature, trapped by the vanes -111- is sucked into the chimney by the rising current inside the chimney, rises with increasing speed, towards the throat -4-, due to the 'venturi' effect caused by the decreasing diameter, the throat comprises the narrowest portion of the solar chimney.

The air leaving the throat area -4- is heated by heat exchangers arranged at or above the throat (these heat exchangers are described below). The heated air expands, and the increase in the volume of the air is proportional to the increase in its temperature.

The air in the solar chimney is heated by heat exchangers -6-, -7- and -14-. The heat exchangers comprise means for heating the air in the chimney by stored solar energy and wind and the solar energy stored in the block diagram, Figures 15 and 16. In Figure 1, the heat exchanger -6- is connected, by means of heat transfer ducts symbolized by the line -106-, to the external solar collector -105-. The heat exchanger, element -7- receives solar energy (symbolized by the line -109-) which is the solar radiation collected and concentrated by the solar collector, element -107 a-. The collected concentrated solar radiation may or may not be concentrated again by a secondary concentrator, element -107b-. The solar radiation rays converge at or near their point of convergence, that is, the focal point, enter the chimney structure through an opening (element -108-) in the chimney wall. After entry, the rays diverge before they hit the element -7-. Solar radiation is converted there into heat. The heat generated is transferred by the heat exchanger to the air inside the chimney, heating it. The element -7-, therefore, functions both as a solar collector and an internal heat exchanger of the chimney. In

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Figure 1, the heat exchanger -14- is connected by a suitable heat transfer conduit symbolized by the line -206- to the energy storage of the external wind turbine -207-.

The auxiliary burner -11- is a conventional (ie) non-solar heat source, which is used in the event that there is not enough solar or wind energy on a given day. The burner -11- could be a gas burner, the condenser of an absorption heat pump system or other conventional heat source that heats the air in the chimney instead of the solar collectors / heat exchangers -6- and -7- or the wind energy store -14-.

The solar chimney can also include direct energy conversion devices, such as photovoltaic, thermoelectric, etc. These devices can be stationary, that is, they can be attached to the vanes or to the external surface of the bull or the chimneys, or they can be mobile. The incident radiation directed to said devices may or may not be concentrated.

Figures 12, 13 and 14.

A vertical axis wind turbine is positioned externally to the chimney. It is positioned below the bull / vane -15- in Figures 1 and 9. The vertical axis wind turbine is composed of two annular cylindrical cages, an external annular cylindrical cage -8- and an internal cylindrical cage -9-. The two annular cylindrical cages -8- and -9- are, in general, at the same level; They are concentric with each other and also with the chimney.

The wheels -12a- that support the annular cylindrical cages -8- and -9-, allow the cages to rotate freely on the circular rails / tracks -5a-. The internal annular cylindrical cage -9- rotates only in one direction; while the outer annular cylindrical cage -8- can move in any direction. Rollers / wheels -12b- and -12c- mitigate pitch and roll. The internal cylindrical cage -9- is similar to the rotor of a turbine. It has blades -92- fixed to the frame -93-. The frame -93- is connected in the upper part between the upper inner ring and the upper outer ring of the annular cylindrical cage, and in the lower part, between the lower inner ring and the lower outer ring of the annular cylindrical cage -9- The blades -92-, which can be rigid or flexible, are hung between the frames -93-. Flexible blades tend to adopt the most appropriate configuration to extract energy from the wind. The energy extracted from the wind results in the rotation of the entire cylindrical cage -9-, that is, the rotor of the wind turbine.

Figures 6, 7 and 8

The outer annular cylindrical cage -8- has a wedge or semiparaboloid of revolution, surrounded by a roof -83- shaped like a flat projection. The vanes -81- are fixed between the flat shelf at the top and the circular band -82- below, forming a series of ducts. The ducts are curved differently depending on the curvature of the vanes, as shown in Figure 7. Ducts on the side of the breakage, that is, the side on which the direction of the wind flow is contrary to the direction of rotation of the wind turbine -9-, serve to redirect the direction of the approaching wind flow. Redirecting the direction of the wind flow results in the wind impacting the blades -92- of the wind turbine from behind, pushing them. Wind flow to subsequent ducts would meet the increasing wind resistance already captured by the previous ducts, resulting in increasing pressure and faster rotation of the wind turbine. The pressure is the highest and the rotation is the fastest, when it exceeds the last duct in the direction of rotation. The wind flowing over the roof guided by the wind guide -87-F-, -87-S-, -87-R- results in a decrease in pressure on the area around the opening -85-. The low pressure on the roof allows the exit of the higher pressure wind trapped in the wind turbine when it turns towards the opening -85-. The thrust of the wind flow from the front and its forced discharge at the rear, that is, the low pressure zone, results in a faster rotation than is otherwise possible, of the cylindrical cage -9- around the opening -84-. The energy extracted from the wind by the turbine is used for the generation of electrical energy by the generator -13-.

The number, shape and size of the opening or openings -85-, which may be variable, will be such that they provide the best discharge.

Arranged around the outer annular cylindrical cage between the outer edge of the roof and the outer edge of the circular band -82-, a sieve or tubular curtain -88- is attached. The curtain, normally rolled, can be extended on the vanes -81-, blocking the flow of air to the wind turbine -8- of vertical axis. The blocking of the wind flow to the vertical axis wind turbine will cause it to stop working. Then the repair and renovation can continue.

An orientation mechanism directs the outer annular cylindrical cage, orienting the wind deflector -87-F- so that it always faces the wind. The orientation mechanism -86- can be driven by wind, mechanically or electrically.

Figures 1, 4 and 5

Arranged around the outside of the solar chimney, slightly below the annular cylindrical box -8-

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external there is a bull -10- expandable. The bull, when inflated, forms a skirt that surrounds the chimney. Wind that would otherwise impact the side of the chimney is deflected upwards, resulting in an increase in wind speed that can be captured as additional energy by the vertical axis wind turbine. The bull can be deflated when not required.

Figures 1 and 9

Positioned externally and near the top of the solar chimney is a bull or set of vanes -15-. The bull or the vanes form a skirt around the chimney, which deflects the wind that rises combining it with the wind that blows through the upper part of the chimney. The deflected wind combined with the wind that blows through the top of the chimney results in a faster wind speed environment. The pressure in that environment would be less than it would be otherwise. The decrease in pressure around the chimney outlet would provide additional aspiration to the air that rises through the chimney.

Figure 10

-5a- represents stationary circular tracks. The tracks provide support for the wheels or rollers of the outer annular cylindrical cage -8-, the wheels or rollers of the inner annular cylindrical cage -9- and the bull -10-. The tracks -5a- are joined and supported by the supports -5b-, which are attached to the wall of the solar chimney.

Figures 10 and 11

The wind energy captured by the vertical-axis wind turbine -9- rotates the entire body of the annular cylindrical housing, that is, the turbine. The rotating movement of the entire cylindrical cage represented by -9- in Figure 11 is transmitted through the transmission system -13-1- continuously variable to the generator -13-, generating electrical energy. The generator -13- is attached to the wall of the solar chimney. The output controller -30-, shown in the block diagram of Figure 17, determines where it will be routed. The continuously variable transmission system -13-1- in Figure 11 ensures the efficient conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. There may be more than one generator.

Figures 15, 16, 17

The solar chimney has two systems to store energy. One for electricity (from wind) and the other for solar thermal energy. The storage capacity is independent of the output power. Both systems are modular, external to the chimney chamber, connected to heat exchangers inside the chimney by means of a closed-loop duct, and use a single or multi-phase heat transfer fluid. Likewise, the two systems can generate energy independently or together. The letter after the element number indicates modularity.

The power output of -2- and -13-, which exceeds the needs, is stored in the wind energy storage system -207-1A-, -207-1B-, etc., as shown in the Figure 15. The production deficit can be overcome by producing the generator -207-2A-, -207-2B- of wind energy stored in the energy storage system -207-1A-, -207-1B- in the Figure 15 or of the generator -105-3A-, -105-3B- of solar thermal energy stored in the solar thermal energy storage system -105-2A-, -105-2B- in Figure 16 or both.

Figure 15 and Figure 17 are block diagrams detailing the storage and recovery of wind / electric energy. When the production of electrical energy is higher than the demand, the output controller -30-, in the block diagram of Figure 17, diverts excess power to the electric heaters in -207-1A-, -207-1B -, etc.

Figure 15

The electric heaters in the container -207-1A-, -207-1B- heat the heat transfer fluid, storing excess electrical energy in the process. The heating process converts part of the heat transfer fluid into steam. The process can be carried out at high temperature and / or high pressure. The high temperature / pressure results in a heat transfer fluid of high energy density. The resulting steam can be used to power the turbine -207-2A-, -207-2B- that generates electricity when necessary. The steam, after giving up some energy in the feed turbines, is transported to the heat exchangers -14A- inside the chimney -101-, transferring certain thermal energy to the ambient air. Steam from -207-1A-, -207-1B- can also be transported to the heat exchanger -14B- inside the chimney -101 - directly, or to both the turbine and the heat exchanger -14B- . The heat transfer fluid vapor that loses some heat condenses to become a high temperature liquid or condensate, is transported and stored in the container -207-3A-. The condensate in the container -207-3A- can be pumped to the heat exchanger -14C- inside the chimney -101 -, where

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part of the thermal energy of the condensate is transferred to the ambient air inside the chimney -101-: the heat transfer fluid cooled by the ambient air is channeled into the container -207-3B-, where it is pumped to the container - 207-1A- and- 207-1B- to store excess electrical energy, thus repeating the process again. The containers -207-3A- and -207-3B- can be the same or separate containers. Fundamentally, liquids are physically and thermally separated from each other. -R1- represents the floating roof that allows physical and thermal separation of the hottest and coldest heat transfer fluid. -R2- is the floating roof of the highest temperature fluid. The container -207-3- is the free panel that allows expansion. The system components are modular. The system may also include heat pump technology to preheat heat transfer liquids.

Figure 16

A block diagram detailing the collection, use and storage of solar energy. Solar energy is collected by the solar collector -105-1A-, -105-1B-, -105-1C-, etc., and stored in the storage containers -105-2A-, -105-2B-, - 105-2C-, etc. Solar energy collection, storage vessels and mechanical parts, such as turbine generators -105-3A-, -105-3B- etc. They are modular. By being outside the chimney chamber, all components can increase in number or size or both, which allows the production of the output power of the solar chimney to be expanded.

The solar collector -105-1A-, -105-1B-, -105-1C-, etc. captures solar radiation, turning it into heat. The heat collected is then transferred under pressure and at high temperature to the heat transfer fluid, which is then stored in the containers -105-2A-, -105-2B-, -105-2C-, etc. The process of heat transfer under pressure and at high temperature results in the conversion of part of the heat transfer fluid into steam.

Steam from -105-2A-, -105-2B-, -105-2C-, etc. It can be transported to the turbine -105-3A-, -105-3B- that generates electricity. The solar energy collector and the storage system are connected to the heat exchanger inside the chimney through a closed loop conduit. The steam, after giving up some energy to power the turbine, is transported through the duct -106A- to the heat exchanger -6A- inside the chimney -101-, transferring thermal energy to the ambient air. Steam from -105-2A-, -105-2B-, -105-2C-, etc. it can also be transported directly to the heat exchanger -6B- inside the chimney -101- or to the turbine -105-3A-, -105-3B-, etc. as to the heat exchanger -6B-. The steam of the heat transfer fluid, after losing some heat, condenses to become a fluid or condensate with a high temperature, the condensate being transported for storage to the container -105-4A-. The condensate can be pumped to the heat exchanger -6C- inside the chimney -101-, where it transfers some heat to the ambient air. The containers -105-4-, -105-4A-, -105-4B- can be the same or separate containers. Fundamentally, the liquid is physically and thermally separated from each other. The refrigerated condensate is transmitted to the container -105-4B-, where it is pumped to be heated in the solar collector -105-1A-, -105-1B-, -105-1C-, etc. and then it is stored in the container -105-2A-, -105-2B-, -105-2C-, etc. The system may also include heat pump technology to preheat heat transfer liquids.

Claims (11)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 55 60 65 1. Solar chimney (101) for capturing and storing solar and wind energy, comprising an elongated chimney (110), and means for capturing solar radiation (7) in order to heat air in the chimney to produce updrafts capable of perform useful work, with the chimney having an inlet end and an outlet end, including the chimney an internal turbine (3) positioned near the inlet end, the internal turbine being connected to drive an electric generator (2), in the that the means for capturing solar radiation (7) are located below the internal turbine (3), characterized in that the solar chimney also includes: a) a vertical axis wind turbine (8 and 9), mounted in the chimney near the outlet end of the chimney, the vertical axis wind turbine being connected to a generator (13) to produce electrical energy to heat a fluid, b) the heated fluid being used to drive an external turbine (207), c) in which the residual heat from the external turbine (207) is connected to a heat exchanger (14) located inside the chimney (110), d) a solar collector (105), located outside the chimney, the solar collector (105) being connected to heat a fluid, in which the heated fluid is directed to another turbine (105-3A, 105-3B), and in which the residual heat of the turbine is connected to a heat exchanger (6) located inside the chimney. 2. Solar chimney, according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical axis wind turbine is without axis and comprises internal and external concentric cages (8 and 9) mounted for rotation around a common vertical axis, the internal cage having ( 9) a series of blades (92), the outer cage (8) having a series of curved vanes (81), the outer cage being connected to an orientation or vane mechanism (86) to orient the outer cage in one direction specific with respect to the wind, in which the vanes (81) are curved to drive the wind through the outer cage (8) and then into the inner cage (9), such that the wind strikes the blades to push the blades in a constant direction. 3. Solar chimney, according to claim 1, characterized in that the solar chimney further comprises a toroidal structure (15) positioned near the outlet end of the chimney, the toroidal structure forming a skirt around the chimney to deflect the wind , and in which the vertical axis wind turbine is positioned below the toroidal structure. 4. Solar chimney according to claim 2, characterized in that the internal cage (9) rotates only in one direction, and in which the external cage (8) can move in any direction. 5. Solar chimney according to claim 2, characterized in that the vertical axis wind turbine (8 and 9) is connected to the generator (13) by direct connection between an edge of the inner cage (9) to a gear (13- 1), the gear having a diameter that is smaller than the diameter of the inner cage (9). 6. Solar chimney according to claim 2, characterized in that the external cage (8) has a wedge or semiparaboloid of revolution surrounded by a roof (83) in the form of a flat projection. 7. Solar chimney, according to claim 6, characterized in that the solar chimney further comprises, above the roof, a series of openings (85) and at least one wind guide (87). 8. Solar chimney according to claim 2, characterized in that the chimney includes an expandable bull (10) arranged around an outer portion of the chimney and under the outer cage (8). 9. Solar chimney according to claim 2, characterized in that the cages (8, 9) are provided with wheels (12a-12c) that are coupled to stationary circular rails or tracks (5a). 10. Solar chimney according to claim 1, characterized in that the solar chimney further comprises means (207-1A, 207-1B, 207-2A, 207-2B, 105-2A) for storing the energy produced in the chimney . 11. Procedure for capturing and storing solar and wind energy, which includes the steps of capturing solar radiation to heat the air in a solar chimney (101), thereby producing updrafts in the chimney, taking advantage of updrafts to perform useful work , characterized in that the procedure further comprises: a) harness wind power with a vertical axis wind turbine (8 and 9), mounted on the solar chimney (101) and use an output of the vertical axis wind turbine to generate electricity, b) use the electrical energy generated in step (a) to drive an external turbine (207), and direct the residual heat 5 from the external turbine to a heat exchanger (14) positioned inside the solar chimney (101), in which, at least, part of said residual heat is recycled to perform more useful work in the chimney, and further characterized by the fact that the method further comprises storing the energy produced in the chimney using at least two energy storage systems, located outside the chimney, and in which the storage stage includes storing the electrical energy produced by the wind in a first storage device (207-1A, 207-1B), and storing the thermal energy produced by solar radiation in a second storage device (105-2A, 105-2B, 105- 2 C). Method according to claim 11, characterized in that step (a) includes operating a generator electric (13) by a direct connection between a mobile element of the vertical axis wind turbine and a gear (13-1) connected to the electric generator.