WO2015087339A1 - Integrated power system for generation of electricity - Google Patents

Integrated power system for generation of electricity Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015087339A1
WO2015087339A1 PCT/IN2014/000627 IN2014000627W WO2015087339A1 WO 2015087339 A1 WO2015087339 A1 WO 2015087339A1 IN 2014000627 W IN2014000627 W IN 2014000627W WO 2015087339 A1 WO2015087339 A1 WO 2015087339A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tower
power system
wind
integrated power
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IN2014/000627
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Biswabandita KAR
Rabindra Nath DASH
Rajiv Lochan SAHU
Dibyaranjan ROUT
Umesh Chandra PANDA
Original Assignee
Kar Biswabandita
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kar Biswabandita filed Critical Kar Biswabandita
Publication of WO2015087339A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015087339A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/02—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy using a single state working fluid
    • F03G6/04—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy using a single state working fluid gaseous
    • F03G6/045—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy using a single state working fluid gaseous by producing an updraft of heated gas or a downdraft of cooled gas, e.g. air driving an engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/34—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures
    • F03D9/35—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures within towers, e.g. using chimney effects
    • F03D9/37—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures within towers, e.g. using chimney effects with means for enhancing the air flow within the tower, e.g. by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
    • F03D9/257—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor the wind motor being part of a wind farm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • F05B2240/131—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines by means of vertical structures, i.e. chimneys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05B2260/24—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling for draft enhancement in chimneys, using solar or other heat sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an integrated power system for generation of electricity. More particularly, the present invention relates to an integrated power system comprising solar and wind energy harnessing components.
  • the present invention further relates to use of the said integrated system for generation of electricity with high efficiency and low cost.
  • CN 101705901 (A) dated 12-05-2010, which reports Device and power generation system for generating electricity by utilizing wastewater.
  • the invention utilize the gravitational potential energy of wastewater discharge from drainage pipe at high-rise buildings as well as favorable solar energy and wind energy sources on the tops of the high-rise buildings.
  • the present invention provides an integrated power system useful for generation of electricity.
  • the said system provides pollution and emission free source of power which is economically viable for the generation of electricity and it is operable in a wide variety of climates throughout the World and can be adapted to existing electrical power supply circuits and doesn't require any expensive maintenance.
  • the said integrated system can be sized to accommodate a wide range of electrical power requirements.
  • the said system comprises heliostats, an upper receiver zone designed with a low specific heat metal alloy to absorb the concentrated solar radiation uniformly and a central wind farm consisting of a set of wind turbines attached to an air tower column with a special arrangement to maximize the utilization of wind energy and subsequently for the improvisation of the energy conversion efficiency.
  • This flow is generated by allowing the solar radiation to heat a volume of air in a substantially confined system.
  • the heated air convectively rises relative to the colder ambient air resulting frpm the heating process.
  • These thermally induced updraft air currents are then harnessed by a wind turbine.
  • the turbine is geared to and drives a generator for production of electricity.
  • the present invention provides an integrated power system comprising solar and wind energy harnessing components of base platform and cylindrical generation tower useful for generation of electricity.
  • the soiar and wind harnessing system consists of
  • inverters are attached to supply the electricity generated from the air turbines.
  • the system is aimed to generate potential electricity.
  • electricity is generated using solar energy in combination with updraft technology.
  • no fuel combustion is involved and there is no generation of any pollutant to the atmosphere.
  • the inbuilt temperature of the operating tower increases with the rise in height of the tower.
  • air within tower gets heated up consuming very less heat using heliostats.
  • the heliostats are attached and are fixed in a proper way that moves as per the movement of the sun during day time, preferably at an angle of 15 degree per hour.
  • the air velocity can be controlled with movement of the heliostats.
  • the heat receiver is made up of low specific heat capacity material, which helps in the quick rise in the tower temperature.
  • Materials chosen are selected from the group comprising transition metals like Fe, Co, Ni, Sn, Zn etc.
  • the rise in temperature makes the said integrated system capable of working for a long span of time up to 12 hours.
  • the air turbines are exposed to the wind cyclone to rotate at a higher speed.
  • the turbines used are pitch driver, which helps to regulate air flow direction.
  • the turbines are fabricated horizontally to rotate.along the wind speed.
  • Figure 1 diagrammatically illustrates a solar updraft system according to the invention with its isometric view.
  • Nnumeral-l represents a cylindrical out let that provides a path way for the hot air to exist out of the power tower;
  • Numeral-2 represents a metal based heating system, in which a complex metal alloy is used with low specific heat capacity.
  • This metal alloy could be heated up in a shorter time period and can be heated up the entire power tower, which in turn could accelerate the entire process to work;
  • Metal alloy layer is followed by basic concrete cylindrical system represented by Numeral-3;Outer covering is given in Numeral- 4;
  • Numeral-5 represents the upper surface of the base-met tower, in which the wind turbine is fitted up to generate energy;
  • Numeral-6 represents the empty cylindrical path at through could come front, which " the cyclonic wind could come from the lower cold zone to the hotter zone;
  • Numeral-7 represents the heliostats, which were used to divert solar radiation in to a receiver present on the conference of the wind tower;
  • Numeral-8 represents the central pillar that is holding the air turbines in a horizontal manner;
  • Numeral-9 represents the group of air turbines which are attached to the generation unit placed for the electric power generation;
  • Numeral- 10 represents the base platform that is holding the entire power column along with the heliostat and the wind turbine;
  • Numeral- 11 represents
  • Figure 2 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the invention through front elevation. Cylindrical outlet for escape of hot air l j Receiver
  • Figure 3 represents a preferred embodiment of the invention through close isometric view of the wind farm.
  • Figure 4 shows a perspective view of a single power plant unit in the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
  • Plan of power plant is as follows -
  • the invention describes an integrated power system usefui for generation of electricity.
  • the said power generating system consists of the following two parts, i. Part-A '
  • Base Platform It is being designed to hold the power generation tower along with an assembly of plane mirrors around the tower Part-B
  • Segment-I It is the operating zone in which specific instruments and accessories such as, inverters, power generator, grid, cables, control panels, operating mediums etc are installed.
  • the approximate height and width of this segment are 6 m and 2 m respectively.
  • Segment-II It is the wind tunnel zone through which cold air is subjected to enter to the generating tower. This zone is fragmented with six supporting columns with an identical height of 6 m with 2 m dia. These columns separate the wind tunnel into six identical zones with 6 m height and 13.6 m length in which equal volume of air enters into the tower.
  • Segment-Ill It is the cold wind zone made up of a RCC cylinder of 6 m height and 2 m thickness. It provides an adequate air flow to the wind turbines with a flow velocity of ⁇ 5 m/sec.
  • Segment-IV This segment consists of an arrangement of cantilever beams on which the air turbines are been embedded firmly.
  • the height of the zone is 6 m and an mean width of 1 m.
  • the cantilever beams with , 8 m length are supported by the surrounding RCC walls.
  • the capacity of the wind turbine is 10 kW with at least 30% efficiency.
  • the rotor diameter of the turbine is 7 m which is horizontally fabricated to rotate along the wind speed. It is embedded on the RCC cylinder of 30 m dia, 6 m height and 2 m thickness.
  • Segment-V It is the hot wind zone with an , enhanced wind flow velocity of ⁇ 10 m/sec. In this zone continuous air flow is there and due to the heat transfer from receiver column, a static wind column of 3 m dia is created. This static column is surrounded with a dynamic wind column, spread over rest of the RCC zone.
  • Segment-VI It is the receiver column in which an alloying material is embedded into a RCC structure. This alloy has a very less specific heat capacity that can hold the absorbed heat for 10/12 h constantly. The thickness of the alloying material is ⁇ 2 m.
  • Segment- VII This segment consists of the hot air outlet, through which hot steam is released throughout the operation and can be utilized as a secondary source for power generation.
  • a strong out surface holds the entire system is represented as numeral-4 in Fig. 1.
  • Numeral-13 in Fig. 1 holds the entire power system for generation of electricity using wind turbines.
  • in situ temperature can be made controlled with the help of adjusting the heliostats, which is absolutely impossible in case of steam heating system or burning of coal as well.
  • the said system is an eco-friendly system which doesn't involve any organic fuel, combustion of coal, wood or any other natural fuel. As the process involves zero fuel consumption, there is no evolution of toxic air pollutant like: NOx, SOx, C0 2 and CO as well.
  • the height of the tower is very high about 40m - 70m, it helps in getting more efficiency by involving a larger wind flow which in turn helps in generating appreciable quantity of energy.
  • temperature gradient of the system is made increased or decreased as per the requirement using number of heliostats effectively.
  • air velocity is controlled with the help of the heliostat movement with respect to the moment of the Sun.
  • receiver is made up of complex alloying material of low specific heat.
  • Examples are alloys of 3-4 numbers of transition metals that includes iron as a major component that helps in appreciable rise in temperature in a short span of time, receiver unit collects heat from the solar radiation directly.
  • pitch-driven wind turbines are used, which helps in measurement of the turbines properly in the direction of wind flow.
  • a group of wind turbines are used for effective use of the cylindrical wind produced during the process execution, more preferably 8 turbines are attached in the integrated system.
  • some preferable dimensions used to illustrate the present invention include but not limited to: i. Height and diameters of the cylindrical tower : 42m height and 30 m diameter
  • optimum angle is 15° per hour
  • Inverters are of 100KW
  • Segment-II is the wind tunnel zone through which cold air is subjected to enter to the generating tower. This zone is fragmented with six supporting columns with an identical height of 6 m with 2 m diameter. These columns separate the wind tunnel into six identical zones with 6 m height and 13.6 m length in which equal volume of air enters into the tower.
  • Segment-III is the cold wind zone made up of a RCC cylinder of 6 m height and 2 m thickness. It provides an adequate air flow to the wind turbines with a flow velocity of approx. 5 m/sec.
  • Segment- IV consists of an arrangement of cantilever beams on which the air turbines are been embedded firmly.
  • the height of the zone is 6 m and a mean width of 1 m.
  • the cantilever beams with 8 m length are supported by the surrounding RCC walls.
  • the capacity of the wind turbine is 10 kW with a 30% efficiency.
  • the rotor diameter of the turbine is 7 m which is horizontally fabricated to rotate along the wind speed. It is embedded on the RCC cylinder of 30 m diameter,6 m height and 2 m thickness.
  • Segment-V is the hot wind zone with an enhanced wind flow velocity of ⁇ 10 m/sec.
  • continuous air flow is there and due to the heat transfer from receiver column, a static wind column of 3 m diameter is created.
  • This static column is surrounded with a dynamic wind column, spread over rest of the RCC zone.
  • Segment-VI is the receiver column in which an alloying material is embedded into a RCC structure.
  • This alloy has a very less specific heat capacity that can hold the absorbed heat for 10/12 h constantly.
  • the thickness of the alloying material is ⁇ 2 m.
  • Segment-VII consists of the hot air outlet, through which hot steam is released throughout the operation and can be utilized as a secondary source for power generation.
  • the integrated power system is prepared by assembling a base platform and generation tower.
  • the base platform is designed to hold the power generation tower along with an assembly of plane mirrors around the tower.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The present innovation aims to generate sustainable and clean energy from renewable sources using a reliable and cost-effective tower technology. For its practical realization, an advanced, highly effective and efficient solar updraft power system, as described in Figure-1, is designed which primarily includes a solar field composed of a set of heliostats, a wind inlet at the basement, a wind farm in the central zone consisting of air turbines attached to air tower column and a receiver zone at the upper part of the tower. The heliostats concentrate the solar radiation on to the receiver made up of low specific heat alloy material. This leads the air volume in the receiver zone to get heated up and move towards the top of the tower resulting a flow of air from the bottom of the tower in a cyclonic fashion with an expected speed of 140 Km/h, Using the air turbines in suitable orientations in the path of cyclonic wind, the proposed solar updraft power system is expected to produce an appreciable quantity of electricity while at the same time reducing the natural recourse consumption.

Description

INTEGRATED POWER SYSTEM FOR GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an integrated power system for generation of electricity. More particularly, the present invention relates to an integrated power system comprising solar and wind energy harnessing components.
The present invention further relates to use of the said integrated system for generation of electricity with high efficiency and low cost.
Background of the Invention Energy is considered as a key element for the economic, social and technological development of a country for a sustainable future. In the present scenario, thermal power plants are using a non-renewable source of energy which serves as the main possible means to generate electrical energy. This vital source involves the burning of coal that leads to the generation of huge quantity of carbon dioxide along with fly ash, which are intense threat for the environment. Limited fossil fuel resources and related environmental problems, particularly the release of huge amount of CO2 and waste materials, have emphasized the need for new sustainable energy production using renewable sources. Development and promotion of non-conventional, alternate and renewable sources of energy such as solar, wind and bio-energy etc. are presently having substantial attention for energy generation. Reference may be made to Chinese patent application No. CN 101705901 (A) dated 12-05-2010, which reports Device and power generation system for generating electricity by utilizing wastewater. The invention utilize the gravitational potential energy of wastewater discharge from drainage pipe at high-rise buildings as well as favorable solar energy and wind energy sources on the tops of the high-rise buildings.
In this context, clean energy technologies are vital to eradicate poverty, expanding rural development, and protecting health while promoting sustainability and environmental quality. The effective and efficient use of renewable energy in rural areas can assist raising incomes and improve livelihood in the form of following services of premier importance and immeasurable impact in the remote rural areas such as providing power to pump water for irrigation, to process crops and power cottage industries, to light homes, schools, and hospitals. Thus, there is ongoing effort to maximize the use of renewable energy to generate ample, accessible and clean energy to meet the growing energy demands of the modern society at a reasonable cost. Last decade photo voltaic solar cells are widely being used to generate electricity. But these photo voltaic cells are costly and for its cost factor, it can't be used for. general purposes for generating power. Reference may be made to KR20070109685 (A) published on 15-11-2007 disclosing an outdoor power supply system to generate an electrical power during a bad weather by generating the electrical power using a solar generation system.
Similarly, there are many other sources for energy generation whose installations are practically limited by their potential detrimental effects upon the environment. Many research works have been initiated for utilizing solar radiation to produce energy. Solar energy is a vital energy source which can provide mechanical power to generate electricity without polluting the air and water resources. Too its use will restrict the drainage of valuable and limited fossil fuel reserves. In many Countries, the methodology adopted to produce electricity involves the creation of an upward flow of air in a confined conduit. The upward flow of air rotates a turbine to provide torque capable of driving an electrical generator. References may be made to WO2013029195 (Al) published on 07-03- 2013 and PT73834 (A) published on 01-11-1981, which also disclose generation of energy from natural sources.
Though it is known that establishment of the solar energy system utilizing the thermally induced updrafts of air can produce electricity, the practical applicability of such systems has proven to be very limited. Thus, there is need of up gradation of this present system to develop an efficient, reliable, and economically viable and user friendly technique for generation of electricity through solar and wind power in combination.
None of the citations describe a comprehensive power system which not only generates electricity but also with simple mechanism and low cost. Inventors have surprisingly come up with an integrated power system comprising solar and wind energy harnessing components useful for generation of electricity, which obviates the drawbacks of prior art. Summary of the Invention
The present invention provides an integrated power system useful for generation of electricity. The said system provides pollution and emission free source of power which is economically viable for the generation of electricity and it is operable in a wide variety of climates throughout the World and can be adapted to existing electrical power supply circuits and doesn't require any expensive maintenance. The said integrated system can be sized to accommodate a wide range of electrical power requirements.
The said system comprises heliostats, an upper receiver zone designed with a low specific heat metal alloy to absorb the concentrated solar radiation uniformly and a central wind farm consisting of a set of wind turbines attached to an air tower column with a special arrangement to maximize the utilization of wind energy and subsequently for the improvisation of the energy conversion efficiency. This flow is generated by allowing the solar radiation to heat a volume of air in a substantially confined system. The heated air convectively rises relative to the colder ambient air resulting frpm the heating process. These thermally induced updraft air currents are then harnessed by a wind turbine. The turbine is geared to and drives a generator for production of electricity. Accordingly the present invention provides an integrated power system comprising solar and wind energy harnessing components of base platform and cylindrical generation tower useful for generation of electricity.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the soiar and wind harnessing system consists of
(a) Solid concrete cylindrical tower;
(b) a heating element along with a material of maximum heat carrying capacity is subjected to constitute the heating zone of the.tower;
(c) heliostats are surrounding the cylindrical tower from all four sides;
(d) initial zones are well equipped with air turbines, which rotate at the speed of the cyclonic wind;
(e) inverters are attached to supply the electricity generated from the air turbines.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the system is aimed to generate potential electricity. ,
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, electricity is generated using solar energy in combination with updraft technology.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, no fuel combustion is involved and there is no generation of any pollutant to the atmosphere. Further in another embodiment of the present invention, the inbuilt temperature of the operating tower increases with the rise in height of the tower.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, air within tower gets heated up consuming very less heat using heliostats.
In still another' embodiment of the present invention, the heliostats are attached and are fixed in a proper way that moves as per the movement of the sun during day time, preferably at an angle of 15 degree per hour. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the air velocity can be controlled with movement of the heliostats.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, the heat receiver is made up of low specific heat capacity material, which helps in the quick rise in the tower temperature. Materials chosen are selected from the group comprising transition metals like Fe, Co, Ni, Sn, Zn etc.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the rise in temperature makes the said integrated system capable of working for a long span of time up to 12 hours.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, the air turbines are exposed to the wind cyclone to rotate at a higher speed.
Further in another embodiment of the present invention, the turbines used are pitch driver, which helps to regulate air flow direction. ,
In still another embodiment of the present invention, the turbines are fabricated horizontally to rotate.along the wind speed. Brief description of the drawings:
The present invention is described in more detail by the way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 diagrammatically illustrates a solar updraft system according to the invention with its isometric view. Nnumeral-l represents a cylindrical out let that provides a path way for the hot air to exist out of the power tower; Numeral-2 represents a metal based heating system, in which a complex metal alloy is used with low specific heat capacity. This metal alloy could be heated up in a shorter time period and can be heated up the entire power tower, which in turn could accelerate the entire process to work; Metal alloy layer is followed by basic concrete cylindrical system represented by Numeral-3;Outer covering is given in Numeral- 4;Numeral-5 represents the upper surface of the base-met tower, in which the wind turbine is fitted up to generate energy; Numeral-6 represents the empty cylindrical path at through could come front, which " the cyclonic wind could come from the lower cold zone to the hotter zone;Numeral-7 represents the heliostats, which were used to divert solar radiation in to a receiver present on the conference of the wind tower; Numeral-8, represents the central pillar that is holding the air turbines in a horizontal manner; Numeral-9 represents the group of air turbines which are attached to the generation unit placed for the electric power generation; Numeral- 10 represents the base platform that is holding the entire power column along with the heliostat and the wind turbine; Numeral- 11 represents the wind tower to provide a passage for the flow of air from the atmosphere to the power generation unit;Numeral-12 represents the base platform holding the central pillar, in which the air turbines are attached; The lowest base of the power generation unit is represented by Numeral-13; Numeral-14 represents the shaft to which the heliostat is embedded that gives a complete rotation along with the moment of Sun.
Figure 2 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the invention through front elevation. Cylindrical outlet for escape of hot air lj Receiver
2- Cylindrical duct for accelerated movement of cold air
3- Receiver tower for movement of cold air.
4- Wind tower
5- Cylindrical outlet of wind tower
6- Heliostat
7- Central receiver
8- Wind farm
9- Area occupied by power plant ·
10- Supporting column of wind tunnel
11- . Wind tunnel for entry of wind
12- Basement of wind tower for all accessories used for power generation Supporting column of heliostat
Figure 3 represents a preferred embodiment of the invention through close isometric view of the wind farm.
Central receiver 9.1. Upper plate support for turbine bearing
9.2. Horizontal beam support to ring frame surrounding the wind turbine
9.3 Bearing
9.4 Wind Turbine
9.5 Ring frame for guiding the wind turbine flow
9.6 Lower plate support for turbine bearing
9.7 Cantilever beam supporting the ring frame of wind turbine
Figure 4 shows a perspective view of a single power plant unit in the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Plan of power plant is as follows -
5.0 Wind tower
8.0 Central receiver
9.1. Upper plate support for turbine bearing
9.2. Horizontal beam support to ring frame surrounding the wind turbine
9.3 Bearing
9.4 Wind Turbine
9.5 Ring frame for guiding the wind turbine flow
9.6 Lower plate support for turbine bearing
9.7 Cantilever beam supporting the ring frame of wind turbine Detailed description of the present invention:
The invention describes an integrated power system usefui for generation of electricity.
The said power generating system consists of the following two parts, i. Part-A '
Base Platform: It is being designed to hold the power generation tower along with an assembly of plane mirrors around the tower Part-B
Generation tower: It is a RCC based solid concrete cylindrical tower with a height of 72 m and a diameter of 30 m. It is fabricated with seven major segments almost of equal height with the following specifications:
Segment-I: It is the operating zone in which specific instruments and accessories such as, inverters, power generator, grid, cables, control panels, operating mediums etc are installed. The approximate height and width of this segment are 6 m and 2 m respectively.
Segment-II: It is the wind tunnel zone through which cold air is subjected to enter to the generating tower. This zone is fragmented with six supporting columns with an identical height of 6 m with 2 m dia. These columns separate the wind tunnel into six identical zones with 6 m height and 13.6 m length in which equal volume of air enters into the tower.
Segment-Ill: It is the cold wind zone made up of a RCC cylinder of 6 m height and 2 m thickness. It provides an adequate air flow to the wind turbines with a flow velocity of ~5 m/sec.
Segment-IV: This segment consists of an arrangement of cantilever beams on which the air turbines are been embedded firmly. The height of the zone is 6 m and an mean width of 1 m. The cantilever beams with , 8 m length are supported by the surrounding RCC walls. The capacity of the wind turbine is 10 kW with at least 30% efficiency. The rotor diameter of the turbine is 7 m which is horizontally fabricated to rotate along the wind speed. It is embedded on the RCC cylinder of 30 m dia, 6 m height and 2 m thickness.
Segment-V: It is the hot wind zone with an , enhanced wind flow velocity of ~10 m/sec. In this zone continuous air flow is there and due to the heat transfer from receiver column, a static wind column of 3 m dia is created. This static column is surrounded with a dynamic wind column, spread over rest of the RCC zone.
Segment-VI:. It is the receiver column in which an alloying material is embedded into a RCC structure. This alloy has a very less specific heat capacity that can hold the absorbed heat for 10/12 h constantly. The thickness of the alloying material is ~2 m.
Segment- VII: This segment consists of the hot air outlet, through which hot steam is released throughout the operation and can be utilized as a secondary source for power generation. In a feature of the present invention, a strong out surface holds the entire system is represented as numeral-4 in Fig. 1.
In another feature of the present invention, Numeral-13 in Fig. 1 holds the entire power system for generation of electricity using wind turbines. In still another embodiment of the present invention, in situ temperature can be made controlled with the help of adjusting the heliostats, which is absolutely impossible in case of steam heating system or burning of coal as well.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the said system is an eco-friendly system which doesn't involve any organic fuel, combustion of coal, wood or any other natural fuel. As the process involves zero fuel consumption, there is no evolution of toxic air pollutant like: NOx, SOx, C02 and CO as well.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, as the height of the tower is very high about 40m - 70m, it helps in getting more efficiency by involving a larger wind flow which in turn helps in generating appreciable quantity of energy.
In still another feature of the present invention, temperature gradient of the system is made increased or decreased as per the requirement using number of heliostats effectively.
In still another'feature of the present invention, air velocity is controlled with the help of the heliostat movement with respect to the moment of the Sun.
In still another feature of the present invention, receiver is made up of complex alloying material of low specific heat. Examples are alloys of 3-4 numbers of transition metals that includes iron as a major component that helps in appreciable rise in temperature in a short span of time, receiver unit collects heat from the solar radiation directly.
In still another feature of the present invention, pitch-driven wind turbines are used, which helps in measurement of the turbines properly in the direction of wind flow.
In still another feature of the present invention, a group of wind turbines are used for effective use of the cylindrical wind produced during the process execution, more preferably 8 turbines are attached in the integrated system.
Further in a feature of the present invention, some preferable dimensions used to illustrate the present invention include but not limited to: i. Height and diameters of the cylindrical tower : 42m height and 30 m diameter
ii. No. and Range of optimum angle of the assembly of mirrors, so as to get the maximum benefit : optimum angle is 15° per hour
iii. Specification of inverters: Inverters are of 100KW
iv. Rotation speed of the turbines: 6-8 m/sec
v. Optimum No. of turbines: 8 Turbines are installed
vi. Height of the central receiver: 30m-36m height of the generating tower In yet another feature of the present invention, there is no evolution of toxic air pollutant like NOx, SO , CO2, CO. The following examples are given by way of illustration of the present invention and therefore should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Preparation of segment-I of the cylindrical tower:
It is the operating zone in which specific instruments and accessories such as, inverters, power generator, grid, cables, control panels, operating mediums etc. are installed. The approximate height and width of this segment are 6 m and 2 m respectively.
Prototype inverters, power generators cables etc are made available to do the mechanical arrangements.
Example 2
Preparation of segment-II of the cylindrical tower:
Segment-II is the wind tunnel zone through which cold air is subjected to enter to the generating tower. This zone is fragmented with six supporting columns with an identical height of 6 m with 2 m diameter. These columns separate the wind tunnel into six identical zones with 6 m height and 13.6 m length in which equal volume of air enters into the tower.
Example 3
Preparation of segment-Ill of the cylindrical tower: Segment-IIIis the cold wind zone made up of a RCC cylinder of 6 m height and 2 m thickness. It provides an adequate air flow to the wind turbines with a flow velocity of approx. 5 m/sec.
Example 4
Preparation of segment- IV of the cylindrical tower:
Segment- IVconsists of an arrangement of cantilever beams on which the air turbines are been embedded firmly. The height of the zone is 6 m and a mean width of 1 m. The cantilever beams with 8 m length are supported by the surrounding RCC walls. The capacity of the wind turbine is 10 kW with a 30% efficiency. The rotor diameter of the turbine is 7 m which is horizontally fabricated to rotate along the wind speed. It is embedded on the RCC cylinder of 30 m diameter,6 m height and 2 m thickness.
Example 5
Preparation of segment-V of the cylindrical tower:
Segment-Vis the hot wind zone with an enhanced wind flow velocity of ~10 m/sec. In this zone continuous air flow is there and due to the heat transfer from receiver column, a static wind column of 3 m diameter is created. This static column is surrounded with a dynamic wind column, spread over rest of the RCC zone. Example 6
Preparation of segment-VI of the cylindrical tower:
Segment-VIis the receiver column in which an alloying material is embedded into a RCC structure. This alloy has a very less specific heat capacity that can hold the absorbed heat for 10/12 h constantly. The thickness of the alloying material is ~2 m.
Example 7
Preparation of segment-VII of the cylindrical tower:
Segment-VIIconsists of the hot air outlet, through which hot steam is released throughout the operation and can be utilized as a secondary source for power generation.
Example 8
Fabrication of generation tower
Generation tower: It is a RCC based solid concrete cylindrical tower with a height of 72 m and a diameter of 30 m. It is fabricated by combining all the 7 segments as described above. Example 9
Assembly for preparation of the integrated power system :
The integrated power system is prepared by assembling a base platform and generation tower. The base platform is designed to hold the power generation tower along with an assembly of plane mirrors around the tower.

Claims

I claim:
1. An integrated power system useful for generation of electricity, comprising solar and wind energy harnessing components of base platform holding a cylindrical generation tower.
2. An integrated power system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base platform comprises an assembly of plane mirrors around the tower, capable of controlling the air velocity, preferably at an angle of 15 degree.
3. An integrated power system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cylindrical generation tower consists of seven segments viz. operating zone, wind tunnel zone, cold wind zone, air turbines mounted on cantilever beams, hot wind zone, receiver column and hot air outlet.
4. An integrated power system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the inbuilt temperature of the operating zone increases with rise in height within the generation tower, as generated through heliostats.
5. An integrated power system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the turbines used as pitch-driven, which helps to regulate air flow direction.
6. An integrated power system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the receiver column is made of alloy material with low specific heat capacity, helping in quick rise in the tower temperature in short span of time.
7. An integrated power system as claimed in claim 6, wherein said alloy materials used, are selected from the group comprising Ferro chromium vanadium alloy.
,
8. A method of operation of an integrated power system as claimed in claims 1 -7, wherein the method comprising updraft technology in combination with -solar energy.
9. An integrated power system useful for generation of electricity and method of operation thereof, illustrated by accompanying specification and drawings.
PCT/IN2014/000627 2013-12-13 2014-09-29 Integrated power system for generation of electricity WO2015087339A1 (en)

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