ES2618025T3 - Ánodo para celda de batería de iones de litio, su procedimiento de fabricación y esta batería que lo incorpora - Google Patents

Ánodo para celda de batería de iones de litio, su procedimiento de fabricación y esta batería que lo incorpora Download PDF

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ES2618025T3
ES2618025T3 ES13158009.4T ES13158009T ES2618025T3 ES 2618025 T3 ES2618025 T3 ES 2618025T3 ES 13158009 T ES13158009 T ES 13158009T ES 2618025 T3 ES2618025 T3 ES 2618025T3
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anode
active material
elastomer
mass fraction
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Baptiste Voillequin
David Ayme-Perrot
Bruno Dufour
Philippe Sonntag
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Hutchinson SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0483—Processes of manufacture in general by methods including the handling of a melt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0409—Methods of deposition of the material by a doctor blade method, slip-casting or roller coating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0483—Processes of manufacture in general by methods including the handling of a melt
    • H01M4/0485—Casting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/136—Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1397—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1399—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on electro-active polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/621—Binders
    • H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3468—Batteries, accumulators or fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/137—Electrodes based on electro-active polymers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Ánodo utilizable en una celda de batería de iones de litio con electrolito a base de una sal de litio y un disolvente no acuoso, siendo el ánodo a base de una composición polimérica obtenida en estado fundido y sin evaporación de disolvente que es el producto de una reacción de mezcla en caliente de un material activo y aditivos que comprenden un aglutinante polimérico y una carga eléctricamente conductora, caracterizado por que dicho aglutinante es a base de al menos un elastómero reticulable y por que dichos aditivos comprenden además al menos un compuesto orgánico no volátil utilizable en dicho disolvente de electrolito, comprendiendo la composición dicho material activo de acuerdo con una fracción de masa igual o superior a un 85 %.

Description

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Claims (12)

  1. REIVINDICACIONES
    1. Ánodo utilizable en una celda de batería de iones de litio con electrolito a base de una sal de litio y un disolvente no acuoso, siendo el ánodo a base de una composición polimérica obtenida en estado fundido y sin evaporación de
    5 disolvente que es el producto de una reacción de mezcla en caliente de un material activo y aditivos que comprenden un aglutinante polimérico y una carga eléctricamente conductora, caracterizado por que dicho aglutinante es a base de al menos un elastómero reticulable y por que dichos aditivos comprenden además al menos un compuesto orgánico no volátil utilizable en dicho disolvente de electrolito, comprendiendo la composición dicho material activo de acuerdo con una fracción de masa igual o superior a un 85 %.
  2. 2.
    Ánodo de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por que dicha composición comprende dicho material activo de acuerdo con una fracción de masa igual o superior a un 90 %.
  3. 3.
    Ánodo de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 o 2, caracterizado por que dicho material activo comprende al menos
    15 un compuesto o complejo que se elige entre el grupo que consiste en grafito, óxidos de titanio litiados, los compuestos litiados de fórmula LixCuVO4, LixSnO2, LixMoO2, LixMoS2 (con 0< x< 5) y los sulfuros metálicos litiados de fórmula LiVS2 o LiTi2S2, y que preferentemente se elige entre los óxidos de titanio litiados de fórmula Li4Ti5O12 o LixTiO2.
  4. 4.
    Ánodo de acuerdo con una de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizado por que dicho al menos un elastómero es un elastómero diénico reticulado con peróxido, preferentemente un caucho de nitrilo hidrogenado (HNBR).
  5. 5.
    Ánodo de acuerdo con una de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizado por que dicho al menos un
    25 elastómero está presente en dicha composición de acuerdo con una fracción de masa comprendida entre un 1 % y un 10 %.
  6. 6.
    Ánodo de acuerdo con una de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizado por que dicho al menos un compuesto orgánico comprende un carbonato, preferentemente un carbonato de al menos una olefina tal como etileno.
  7. 7.
    Ánodo de acuerdo con una de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizado por que dicho al menos un compuesto orgánico está presente en dicha composición de acuerdo con una fracción de masa comprendida entre un 0,1 % y un 5 %.
    35
  8. 8.
    Ánodo de acuerdo con una de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizado por que dichos aditivos comprenden además un sistema de reticulación que está presente en dicha composición de acuerdo con una fracción de masa comprendida entre un 0,05 % y un 0,20 %, y que comprende preferentemente un peróxido orgánico y un co-agente de reticulación en el caso en el que dicho al menos un elastómero sea un elastómero diénico tal como un caucho de nitrilo hidrogenado (HNBR).
  9. 9.
    Ánodo de acuerdo con una de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizado por que dicha carga eléctricamente conductora se elige entre el grupo que consiste en negro de carbono, grafito, grafito expandido, fibras de carbono, nanotubos de carbono, grafeno y sus mezclas, y está presente en dicha composición de acuerdo con
    45 una fracción de masa comprendida entre un 1 % y un 6 %.
  10. 10. Procedimiento de fabricación de acuerdo con una de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizado por que comprende:
    a) una mezcla en estado fundido y sin ninguna evaporación de disolvente, en una mezcladora interna o una extrusora, de dicho material activo y de dichos aditivos que comprende dicho aglutinante y dicho compuesto orgánico en estado sólido para la obtención de dicha composición en estado reticulable, material activo que comprende preferentemente al menos un compuesto o complejo tal como grafito o un óxido de titanio litiado, y b) una reticulación y opcionalmente una conformación con calor de esta composición, para la obtención de dicha
    55 composición reticulada, y preferentemente por que la etapa a) se realiza mezclando dicho aglutinante en una mezcla previa en estado de polvo de los otros ingredientes de la composición, por ejemplo a una temperatura comprendida entre 80 ºC y 120 ºC en una mezcladora interna.
  11. 11.
    Procedimiento de fabricación de acuerdo con la reivindicación 10, caracterizado por que la etapa b) se realiza mediante una compresión en caliente de dicha composición reticulable.
  12. 12.
    Procedimiento de fabricación de acuerdo con la reivindicación 10 u 11, caracterizado por que a continuación comprende una etapa c) de calandrado de dicha composición reticulada para depositarla sobre un colector metálico de corriente que equipa a dicho ánodo.
    65
    7
    imagen1
ES13158009.4T 2012-03-13 2013-03-06 Ánodo para celda de batería de iones de litio, su procedimiento de fabricación y esta batería que lo incorpora Active ES2618025T3 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1252252 2012-03-13
FR1252252A FR2988225B1 (fr) 2012-03-13 2012-03-13 Anode pour cellule de batterie lithium-ion, son procede de fabrication et cette batterie l'incorporant.

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ES2618025T3 true ES2618025T3 (es) 2017-06-20

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US (2) US9112200B2 (es)
EP (1) EP2639860B1 (es)
JP (1) JP6298239B2 (es)
KR (1) KR101905919B1 (es)
CN (1) CN103311499B (es)
AR (1) AR090290A1 (es)
BR (1) BR102013005776B1 (es)
CA (1) CA2808178C (es)
DK (1) DK2639860T3 (es)
ES (1) ES2618025T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2988225B1 (es)
HU (1) HUE032556T2 (es)
MX (1) MX345475B (es)
PL (1) PL2639860T3 (es)
PT (1) PT2639860T (es)
RU (1) RU2621310C2 (es)
ZA (1) ZA201301783B (es)

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US20150340684A1 (en) 2015-11-26
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